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[[installation_prepare_media]]
Prepare Installation Media
--------------------------
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ifdef::wiki[]
:pve-toplevel:
endif::wiki[]
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Download the installer ISO image from: {website}en/downloads/category/iso-images-pve
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The {pve} installation media is a hybrid ISO image. It works in two ways:
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* An ISO image file ready to burn to a CD or DVD.
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* A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to copy to a USB flash drive (USB stick).
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Using a USB flash drive to install {pve} is the recommended way because it is
the faster option.
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Prepare a USB Flash Drive as Installation Medium
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The flash drive needs to have at least 1 GB of storage available.
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NOTE: Do not use UNetbootin. It does not work with the {pve} installation image.
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IMPORTANT: Make sure that the USB flash drive is not mounted and does not
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contain any important data.
Instructions for GNU/Linux
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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On Unix-like operating system use the `dd` command to copy the ISO image to the
USB flash drive. First find the correct device name of the USB flash drive (see
below). Then run the `dd` command.
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----
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# dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ
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----
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NOTE: Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name and adapt the
input filename ('if') path.
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CAUTION: Be very careful, and do not overwrite the wrong disk!
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Find the Correct USB Device Name
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There are two ways to find out the name of the USB flash drive. The first one is
to compare the last lines of the `dmesg` command output before and after
plugging in the flash drive. The second way is to compare the output of the
`lsblk` command. Open a terminal and run:
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----
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# lsblk
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----
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Then plug in your USB flash drive and run the command again:
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----
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# lsblk
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----
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A new device will appear. This is the one you want to use. To be on the extra
safe side check if the reported size matches your USB flash drive.
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Instructions for macOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Open the terminal (query Terminal in Spotlight).
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Convert the `.iso` file to `.dmg` format using the convert option of `hdiutil`,
for example:
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----
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# hdiutil convert proxmox-ve_*.iso -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg
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----
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TIP: macOS tends to automatically add '.dmg' to the output file name.
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To get the current list of devices run the command:
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----
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# diskutil list
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----
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Now insert the USB flash drive and run this command again to determine which
device node has been assigned to it. (e.g., /dev/diskX).
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----
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# diskutil list
# diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX
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----
NOTE: replace X with the disk number from the last command.
----
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# sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg bs=1M of=/dev/rdiskX
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----
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NOTE: 'rdiskX', instead of 'diskX', in the last command is intended. It will
increase the write speed.
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Instructions for Windows
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Using Etcher
^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Etcher works out of the box. Download Etcher from https://etcher.io. It will
guide you through the process of selecting the ISO and your USB Drive.
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Using Rufus
^^^^^^^^^^^
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Rufus is a more lightweight alternative, but you need to use the *DD mode* to
make it work. Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie/. Either install it or use
the portable version. Select the destination drive and the {pve} ISO file.
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IMPORTANT: Once you 'Start' you have to click 'No' on the dialog asking to
download a different version of GRUB. In the next dialog select the 'DD' mode.
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ifdef::wiki[]
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Boot your Server from the USB Flash Drive
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Connect the USB flash drive to your server and make sure that booting from USB
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is enabled (check your servers firmware settings). Then follow the steps in the
xref:chapter_installation[installation wizard].
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endif::wiki[]