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229 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
229 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
Installing Proxmox VE
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=====================
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ifndef::manvolnum[]
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:pve-toplevel:
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endif::manvolnum[]
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ifdef::wiki[]
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:title: Installation
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endif::wiki[]
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{pve} is based on Debian and comes with an installation CD-ROM
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which includes a complete Debian ("jessie" for Proxmox VE 4.x) system as
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well as all necessary Proxmox VE packages. The
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installer just asks you a few questions, then partitions the local
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disk(s), installs all required packages, and configures the system
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including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system
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within a few minutes. This is the preferred and recommended installation method.
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Alternatively, Proxmox VE can be installed on top of an existing Debian system.
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This option is only recommended for advanced users since detail knowledge about
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Proxmox VE is necessary.
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ifndef::wiki[]
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include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[]
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endif::wiki[]
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Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM
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-----------------------------------
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Includes the following:
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* Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit)
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* Partitioning of the hard drive(s) containing the operating system
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with ext4, ext3, xfs or ZFS
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* {pve} kernel with LXC and KVM support
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* Complete toolset for administering virtual machines, containers and
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all necessary resources
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* Web based management interface for using the toolset
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NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is
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removed.
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Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that
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drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu
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options:
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Install Proxmox VE::
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Start normal installation.
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Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode)::
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Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several
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installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes
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wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue
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installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for
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general use.
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Rescue Boot::
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This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches
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all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation,
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boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This
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can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the
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BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk.
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Test Memory::
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Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is
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functional and error free.
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You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation.
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After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The
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`Options` button lets you select the target file system, which
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defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`,
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`ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to
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restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>)
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If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system.
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ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful
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if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button
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lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there.
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The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time
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zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address
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and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters).
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The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can
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use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a
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dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation.
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If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and
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copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished,
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then reboot the server.
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Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just
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point your browser to the IP address given during installation
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(https://youripaddress:8006).
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NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is
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defined during the installation process.
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[[advanced_lvm_options]]
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Advanced LVM Configuration Options
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional
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Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of
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those volumes can be controlled with:
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`hdsize`::
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Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free
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space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV
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and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage).
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`swapsize`::
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To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as
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installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum.
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`maxroot`::
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The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation
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system.
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`maxvz`::
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Define the size of the `data` volume.
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`minfree`::
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To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`.
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16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise.
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+
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NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not
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required for lvmthin snapshots).
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ZFS Performance Tips
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you
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want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB
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RAW disk space.
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ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The
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write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after
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installation using the following command:
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zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd>
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ifdef::wiki[]
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link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie]
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick]
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---------------------------------------------------------
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endif::wiki[]
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ifndef::wiki[]
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Install {pve} on Debian
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-----------------------
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{pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can install it
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on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the
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repositories, you need to run:
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[source,bash]
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----
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apt-get update
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apt-get install proxmox-ve
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----
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Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but
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it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you
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know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network
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configuration is also completely up to you.
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In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or
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ZFS.
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You can find a detailed step by step howto on the
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{webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki].
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include::pve-usbstick.adoc[]
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endif::wiki[]
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ifdef::wiki[]
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Video Tutorials
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---------------
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* List of all official tutorials on our
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http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel]
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* Tutorials in Spanish language on
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http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es
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YouTube Play List]
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See Also
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--------
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* link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements]
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* link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories]
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* link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration]
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* link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration]
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* link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks]
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endif::wiki[]
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