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pve-docs/vxlan-and-evpn.adoc
Thomas Lamprecht c7941ea5a0 fix some typo/casing 
Signed-off-by: Thomas Lamprecht <t.lamprecht@proxmox.com>
2021-04-30 09:44:13 +02:00

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////
This is currently not included, because
- it requires ifupdown2
- routing needs more documentation
////
VXLAN layer2 with vlan unware linux bridges
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
VXLAN is an overlay network to carry Ethernet traffic over an existing IP network
while accommodating a very large number of tenants. It is defined in RFC 7348.
Each overlay network is known as a VXLAN Segment and identified by a unique
24-bit segment ID called a VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI).
VXLAN encapsulation add 50bytes overhead, so you need to increase mtu on your host
physical interfaces to 1550 at minimum. (or decrease mtu inside your vms to 1450)
For BUM traffic (broadcast / unknown unicast traffic, multicast),
we have 3 different VXLAN setup modes : multicast, unicast, bgp-evpn
image::images/vxlan-l2-vlanunaware.svg["vxlan l2 bridge vlan unaware",align="center"]
multicast mode
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This scenario relies in head end replication, meaning that end host in case
of not having any entry for the destination MAC address will send out an ARP
to other devices / VTEPs in the VXLAN network.
This is done by sending the request to the VXLAN multicast group,
remote VTEPs will get the packet and answer accordingly direct to the originating VTEP.
* node1
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
* node2
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
* node3
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
vxlan-physdev eno1
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
unicast mode
^^^^^^^^^^^^
We can replace multicast by head-end replication of BUM frames to a statically configured lists of remote VTEPs.
The VXLAN is defined without a remote multicast group.
Instead, all the remote VTEPs are associated with the all-zero address:
a BUM frame will be duplicated to all these destinations.
The VXLAN device will still learn remote addresses automatically using source-address learning.
* node1
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
* node2
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.1
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.1
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
* node3
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
bgp-evpn
^^^^^^^^
VTEPs use control plane learning/distribution via BGP for remote MAC addresses instead of data plane learning.
VTEPs have the ability to suppress ARP flooding over VXLAN tunnels.
The control plane used here is FRR, a bgp routing software.
Each node in the proxmox cluster peer with each others nodes.
For bigger networks, or multiple proxmox clusters,
it's possible to use external bgp route reflector servers.
* node1
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
/etc/frr/frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node2
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
/etc/frr/frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node3
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
----
/etc/frr/frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
VXLAN layer3 routing with anycast gateway
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
With this need, each vmbr bridge will be the gateway for the vm.
Same vmbr on different node, will have same ip address and same mac address,
to have working vm live migration and no network disruption.
VXLAN layer3 routing only work with FRR and non-aware bridge.
(vlan aware bridge support is buggy currently).
asymmetric model
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This is the simplest mode. To get it work, all vxlan need to be defined on all nodes.
The asymmetric model allows routing and bridging on the VXLAN tunnel ingress,
but only bridging on the egress.
This results in bi-directional VXLAN traffic traveling on different VNIs
in each direction (always the destination VNI) across the routed infrastructure.
image::images/vxlan-l3-asymmetric.svg["vxlan l3 asymmetric",align="center"]
* node1
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
----
frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node2
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
----
frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node3
----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
----
frr.conf
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
symmetric model
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
With this model, you don't need to have all vxlan on all nodes.
This model will also be needed to route traffic to an external router.
The symmetric model routes and bridges on both the ingress and the egress leafs.
This results in bi-directional traffic being able to travel on the same VNI, hence the symmetric name.
However, a new specialty transit VNI is used for all routed VXLAN traffic, called the L3VNI.
All traffic that needs to be routed will be routed onto the L3VNI, tunneled across the layer 3 Infrastructure,
routed off the L3VNI to the appropriate VLAN and ultimately bridged to the destination.
A vrf is needed for the L3VNI, so all vmbr bridge need to be in the vrf if they want to be able to reach each others.
image::images/vxlan-l3-symmetric.svg["vxlan l3 symmetric",align="center"]
* node1
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node2
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node3
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
VXLAN layer3 routing with anycast gateway + routing to outside with external router with static default gw
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Routing to outside need the symmetric model.
1 gateway node
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
In this example, we'll use only 1 proxmox node as exit gateway. (node1)
This node announce the default gw in vrf1 (default originate) and forward to his own default gateway (192.168.0.254) (no bgp between router and node1)
*node1
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
default-originate ipv4
default-originate ipv6
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node2
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node3
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
multiple gateway nodes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
In this example, all nodes will be used as exit gateway. (But you can use only 2 nodes if you want)
All nodes have a a default gw to the external router (192.168.0.254) (no bgp between router and node1)
and announce this default gw in the vrf (default originate)
The external router have ecmp routes to all proxmox nodes.(balancing).
If the router send the packet to a wrong node (vm is not on this node), this node will route through
vxlan the packet to final destination.
If you have multiple gateway nodes, disable rp_filter as packet could incoming in a 1 node, and outgoing
to another node.
sysctl.conf tuning
-----
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=0
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=0
-----
*node1
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
default-originate ipv4
default-originate ipv6
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node2
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
default-originate ipv4
default-originate ipv6
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* node3
----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
vrf-table auto
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
mtu 1550
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
vxlan-id 2
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan2
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.2.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
vxlan-id 3
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
bridge_ports vxlan3
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
address 10.0.3.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
vrf vrf1
ip-forward on
ip6-forward on
arp-accept on
#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
vxlan-id 4000
vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
bridge-learning off
bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
bridge-unicast-flood off
bridge-multicast-flood off
auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
bridge_ports vxlan4000
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrf vrf1
----
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
import vrf vrf1
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
default-originate ipv4
default-originate ipv6
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
Note
^^^^
If your external router doesn't support 'ECMP static routes' to reach multiple
{pve} nodes, you can setup an HA floating vip on proxmox nodes by using the
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
In this example, we will setup an floating 192.168.0.10 IP on node1 and node2.
Node1 is the primary with failover to node2 in case of outage.
This setup currently needs 'vrrpd' package (`apt install vrrpd`).
#TODO : It should be possible to do it with frr directly with last version.
* node1
----
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrrp-id 1
vrrp-priority 1
vrrp-virtual-ip 192.168.0.10
----
* node2
----
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
bridge_ports eno1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
vrrp-id 1
vrrp-priority 2
vrrp-virtual-ip 192.168.0.10
----
gateway node(s) with a upstream bgp router
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Setup is almost the same than with a static gateway, but we'll connect to an upstream bgp router.
example with node1 as gateway (192.168.0.1) for evpn-bgp, and an upstream bgp router (running frr too) 192.168.0.254.
* node1
frr.conf
----
vrf vrf1
vni 4000
exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.254 remote-as external
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
import vrf vrf1
neighbor 192.168.0.254 activate
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
import vrf vrf1
neighbor 192.168.0.254 activate
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.254 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
redistribute connected
exit-address-family
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
default-originate ipv4
default-originate ipv6
exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----
* bgp router
frr.conf
----
ip prefix-list NO32 seq 10 permit 0.0.0.0/0 ge 8 le 24
ip prefix-list NO32 seq 20 deny any
!
router bgp 25253
bgp router-id 192.168.0.254
bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax
neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as external
neighbor 192.168.0.1 capability extended-nexthop
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
neighbor 192.168.0.1 default-originate
neighbor 192.168.0.1 prefix-list NO32 in #don't import /32 route from evpn
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv6 unicast
neighbor 192.168.0.1 default-originate
neighbor 192.168.0.1 prefix-list NO32 in #don't import /32 route from evpn
exit-address-family
!
!
---
Route Reflectors
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have a lot of proxmox nodes, or multiple proxmox clusters, you may want
to avoid that all node peers with each others nodes.
For this, you can create dedicated route reflectors (RR) servers. As a RR is a
single point of failure, a minimum of two servers acting as an RR is highly
recommended for redundancy.
Below is an example of configuration with 'frr', with `rrserver1
(192.168.0.200)' and `rrserver2 (192.168.0.201)`.
rrserver1
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.200
bgp cluster-id 1.1.1.1 #cluster-id must be the same on each route reflector
bgp log-neighbor-changes
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
neighbor fabric peer-group
neighbor fabric remote-as 1234
neighbor fabric capability extended-nexthop
neighbor fabric update-source 192.168.0.200
bgp listen range 192.168.0.0/24 peer-group fabric #allow any proxmoxnode client in the network range
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor fabric activate
neighbor fabric route-reflector-client
neighbor fabric allowas-in
exit-address-family
!
exit
!
---
rrserver2
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.201
bgp cluster-id 1.1.1.1
bgp log-neighbor-changes
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
neighbor fabric peer-group
neighbor fabric remote-as 1234
neighbor fabric capability extended-nexthop
neighbor fabric update-source 192.168.0.201
bgp listen range 192.168.0.0/24 peer-group fabric
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor fabric activate
neighbor fabric route-reflector-client
neighbor fabric allowas-in
exit-address-family
!
exit
!
---
proxmoxnode(s)
----
router bgp 1234
bgp router-id 192.168.0.x
no bgp default ipv4-unicast
coalesce-time 1000
neighbor 192.168.0.200 remote-as 1234
neighbor 192.168.0.201 remote-as 1234
!
address-family l2vpn evpn
neighbor 192.168.0.200 activate
neighbor 192.168.0.201 activate
advertise-all-vni
exit-address-family
!
----
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