pve-docs/qm.conf.5-opts.adoc

`acpi`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::

Enable/disable ACPI.

`agent`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent.

`args`: `string` ::

NOTE: this option is for experts only. It allows you to pass arbitrary
arguments to kvm, for example:
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args: -no-reboot -no-hpet

`autostart`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored).

`balloon`: `integer (0 - N)` ::

Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon
driver.

`bios`: `(ovmf | seabios)` (default=`seabios`)::

Select BIOS implementation.

`boot`: `[acdn]{1,4}` (default=`cdn`)::

Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n).

`bootdisk`: `(ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+` ::

Enable booting from specified disk.

`cdrom`: `volume` ::

This is an alias for option -ide2

`cores`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::

The number of cores per socket.

`cpu`: `[cputype=]<cputype> [,hidden=<1|0>]` ::

Emulated CPU type.

`cpulimit`: `number (0 - 128)` (default=`0`)::

Limit of CPU usage.
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NOTE: If the computer has 2 CPUs, it has total of '2' CPU time. Value '0'
indicates no CPU limit.

`cpuunits`: `integer (0 - 500000)` (default=`1000`)::

CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The
larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to
weights of all the other running VMs.
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NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0.

`description`: `string` ::

Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This
is saved as comment inside the configuration file.

`freeze`: `boolean` ::

Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution).

`hostpci[n]`: `[host=]<HOSTPCIID[;HOSTPCIID2...]> [,pcie=<1|0>] [,rombar=<1|0>] [,x-vga=<1|0>]` ::

Map host pci devices. HOSTPCIDEVICE syntax is:
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'bus:dev.func' (hexadecimal numbers)
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You can us the 'lspci' command to list existing pci devices.
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The 'rombar' option determines whether or not the device's ROM will be
visible in the guest's memory map (default is 'on').
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NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer
possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
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Experimental: user reported problems with this option.

`hotplug`: `string` (default=`network,disk,usb`)::

Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of
hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to
disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default
'network,disk,usb'.

`ide[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::

Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3).

`keyboard`: `(da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr)` (default=`en-us`)::

Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the datacenter
configuration file.

`kvm`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::

Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization.

`localtime`: `boolean` ::

Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype
indicates a Microsoft OS.

`lock`: `(backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot)` ::

Lock/unlock the VM.

`machine`: `(pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?)` ::

Specific the Qemu machine type.

`memory`: `integer (16 - N)` (default=`512`)::

Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when
you use the balloon device.

`migrate_downtime`: `number (0 - N)` (default=`0.1`)::

Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations.

`migrate_speed`: `integer (0 - N)` (default=`0`)::

Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit.

`name`: `string` ::

Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface.

`net[n]`: `string` ::

Specify network devices.
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MODEL is one of: e1000 e1000-82540em e1000-82544gc e1000-82545em i82551
i82557b i82559er ne2k_isa ne2k_pci pcnet rtl8139 virtio vmxnet3
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XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX should be an unique MAC address. This is
automatically generated if not specified.
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The bridge parameter can be used to automatically add the interface to a
bridge device. The Proxmox VE standard bridge is called 'vmbr0'.
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Option 'rate' is used to limit traffic bandwidth from and to this
interface. It is specified as floating point number, unit is 'Megabytes per
second'.
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If you specify no bridge, we create a kvm 'user' (NATed) network device,
which provides DHCP and DNS services. The following addresses are used:
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10.0.2.2   Gateway
10.0.2.3   DNS Server
10.0.2.4   SMB Server
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The DHCP server assign addresses to the guest starting from 10.0.2.15.

`numa`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Enable/disable NUMA.

`numa[n]`: `cpus=<id[-id];...> [,hostnodes=<id[-id];...>] [,memory=<mb>] [,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]` ::

numa topology

`onboot`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup.

`ostype`: `(l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp)` ::

Used to enable special optimization/features for specific
operating systems:
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other  => unspecified OS
wxp    => Microsoft Windows XP
w2k    => Microsoft Windows 2000
w2k3   => Microsoft Windows 2003
w2k8   => Microsoft Windows 2008
wvista => Microsoft Windows Vista
win7   => Microsoft Windows 7
win8   => Microsoft Windows 8/2012
l24    => Linux 2.4 Kernel
l26    => Linux 2.6/3.X Kernel
solaris => solaris/opensolaris/openindiania kernel
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other|l24|l26|solaris			    ... no special behaviour
wxp|w2k|w2k3|w2k8|wvista|win7|win8  ... use --localtime switch

`parallel[n]`: `/dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+` ::

Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2).
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NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer
possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
+
Experimental: user reported problems with this option.

`protection`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will prevent the remove operation.

`reboot`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::

Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot.

`sata[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::

Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5).

`scsi[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<nbqueues>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::

Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13).

`scsihw`: `(lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single)` (default=`lsi`)::

scsi controller model

`serial[n]`: `(/dev/.+|socket)` ::

Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3), and pass through a host
serial device (i.e. /dev/ttyS0), or create a unix socket on the host side
(use 'qm terminal' to open a terminal connection).
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NOTE: If you pass through a host serial device, it is no longer possible to
migrate such machines - use with special care.
+
Experimental: user reported problems with this option.

`shares`: `integer (0 - 50000)` (default=`1000`)::

Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the
more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other
running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning

`smbios[n]`: `[family=<str>] [,manufacturer=<name>] [,product=<name>] [,serial=<str>] [,sku=<str>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<str>]` ::

Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields.

`smp`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::

The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead.

`sockets`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::

The number of CPU sockets.

`startdate`: `(now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS)` (default=`now`)::

Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are:
'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'.

`startup`: `[[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] ` ::

Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the
general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally
you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to
wait before the next VM is started or stopped.

`tablet`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::

Enable/disable the USB tablet device. This device is usually needed to
allow absolute mouse positioning with VNC. Else the mouse runs out of sync
with normal VNC clients. If you're running lots of console-only guests on
one host, you may consider disabling this to save some context switches.
This is turned off by default if you use spice (-vga=qxl).

`tdf`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Enable/disable time drift fix.

`template`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::

Enable/disable Template.

`unused[n]`: `string` ::

Reference to unused volumes.

`usb[n]`: `[host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<yes|no>]` ::

Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4). This can be used to
pass-through usb devices to the guest. HOSTUSBDEVICE syntax is:
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'bus-port(.port)*' (decimal numbers) or
'vendor_id:product_id' (hexadeciaml numbers) or
'spice'
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You can use the 'lsusb -t' command to list existing usb devices.
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NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer
possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
+
The value 'spice' can be used to add a usb redirection devices for spice.
+
The 'usb3' option determines whether the device is a USB3 device or not
(this does currently not work reliably with spice redirection and is then
ignored).

`vcpus`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`0`)::

Number of hotplugged vcpus.

`vga`: `(cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware)` ::

Select the VGA type. If you want to use high resolution modes (>=
1280x1024x16) then you should use the options 'std' or 'vmware'. Default is
'std' for win8/win7/w2k8, and 'cirrus' for other OS types. The 'qxl' option
enables the SPICE display sever. For win* OS you can select how many
independent displays you want, Linux guests can add displays them self. You
can also run without any graphic card, using a serial device as terminal.

`virtio[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::

Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15).

`watchdog`: `[action=<reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none>] [,[model=]<i6300esb|ib700>]` ::

Create a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest
action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside the
guest or else the watchdog will reset the guest (or execute the respective
action specified)