This fixes https://sft.its.cern.ch/jira/browse/ROOT-9672 by having cling::Interpreter::DeclareCFunction return the transaction containing the compiled code. With the previous code, cling::Interpreter::compileFunction will get confused by transaction created during the callbacks executed during the cling::IncrementalParser::commitTransaction of the main transaction. Reproducer: With a main composed of 'only': int main(int argc, char ** argv) { char const * class_string = (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : "std::vector<int>"; auto const result [[gnu::unused]] = TClass::GetClass(class_string); return 0; } which is a representation of real use case (in a more complex setup) in ART. We were getting: Error in <TClingCallFunc::make_wrapper>: Failed to compile ==== SOURCE BEGIN ==== #pragma clang diagnostic push #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wformat-security" __attribute__((used)) extern "C" void __cf_0(void* obj, int nargs, void** args, void* ret) { if (ret) { (*(TStreamerInfo**)ret) = new TStreamerInfo(); return; } else { new TStreamerInfo(); return; } } #pragma clang diagnostic pop ==== SOURCE END ==== Error in <TClingCallFunc::ExecT>: Called with no wrapper, not implemented! Error in <TVirtualStreamerInfo::Factory>: The plugin handler for TVirtualStreamerInfo was found but failed to create the factory object! The reason is that during TClingCallFunc::make_wrapper, the call to cling::Interpreter::compileFunction ends with: if (const llvm::GlobalValue* GV = getLastTransaction()->getModule()->getNamedValue(name)) However in the 'broken' case, the getLastTransaction does not return the transaction for the code being compiled by DeclareCFunction but instead the one used/created at: #0 cling::IncrementalParser::endTransaction (this=0x4a2980, T=0x8c0fb0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/IncrementalParser.cpp:345 #1 0x00007fffeebc7899 in cling::Interpreter::PushTransactionRAII::pop (this=0x7fffffffcb00) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:111 #2 0x00007fffeebc785e in cling::Interpreter::PushTransactionRAII::~PushTransactionRAII (this=0x7fffffffcb00, __in_chrg=<optimized out>) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:106 #3 0x00007fffeebeb659 in cling::LookupHelper::findScope (this=0x4a9dd0, className=..., diagOnOff=cling::LookupHelper::NoDiagnostics, resultType=0x7fffffffcd08, instantiateTemplate=false) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/LookupHelper.cpp:466 #4 0x00007fffeeabe0df in TCling::CheckClassInfo (this=0x4a0550, name=<optimized out>, autoload=<optimized out>, isClassOrNamespaceOnly=<optimized out>) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TCling.cxx:3630 #5 0x00007ffff7c3040d in TClass::Init (this=this@entry=0xdafd20, name=name@entry=0x7ffff7cb7638 "TGlobal", cversion=cversion@entry=2, typeinfo=typeinfo@entry=0x7ffff7d8b6d8 <typeinfo for TGlobal>, isa=isa@entry=0x477430, dfil=dfil@entry=0x7ffff7cb8cab "TGlobal.h", ifil=<optimized out>, dl=<optimized out>, il=<optimized out>, givenInfo=<optimized out>, silent=<optimized out>) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TClass.cxx:1431 #6 0x00007ffff7c3a1b8 in TClass::TClass (this=0xdafd20, name=0x7ffff7cb7638 "TGlobal", cversion=<optimized out>, info=..., isa=0x477430, dfil=0x7ffff7cb8cab "TGlobal.h", ifil=0x7ffff7cccf88 "/local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TGlobal.cxx", dl=27, il=25, silent=false) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TClass.cxx:1273 #7 0x00007ffff7c3a72a in ROOT::CreateClass (cname=0x7ffff7cb7638 "TGlobal", id=id@entry=2, info=..., isa=isa@entry=0x477430, dfil=dfil@entry=0x7ffff7cb8cab "TGlobal.h", ifil=ifil@entry=0x7ffff7cccf88 "/local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TGlobal.cxx", dl=27, il=25) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TClass.cxx:5607 #8 0x00007ffff7c4b552 in ROOT::Internal::TDefaultInitBehavior::CreateClass (il=25, dl=27, ifil=0x7ffff7cccf88 "/local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TGlobal.cxx", dfil=0x7ffff7cb8cab "TGlobal.h", isa=0x477430, info=..., id=2, cname=<optimized out>, this=0x7ffff7da7508 <ROOT::Internal::DefineBehavior(void*, void*)::theDefault>) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/Rtypes.h:176 #9 ROOT::TGenericClassInfo::GetClass (this=0x7ffff7dab660 <ROOT::GenerateInitInstanceLocal(TGlobal const*)::instance>) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TGenericClassInfo.cxx:250 #10 0x00007ffff7b1a2d8 in TGlobal::Class () at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/core/base/G__Core.cxx:17156 #11 0x00007ffff7ac01de in TGlobal::IsA (this=0xee3bc0) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/TGlobal.h:48 #12 TGlobal::CheckTObjectHashConsistency (this=0xee3bc0) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/TGlobal.h:48 #13 0x00007ffff7be9dcd in TObject::CheckedHash (this=0xee3bc0) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/TObject.h:314 #14 THashTable::GetCheckedHashValue (this=0xe65a20, obj=0xee3bc0) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/THashTable.h:94 #15 THashTable::Add (this=0xe65a20, obj=0xee3bc0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/cont/src/THashTable.cxx:96 #16 0x00007ffff7be6bf1 in THashList::AddLast (this=this@entry=0x5be690, obj=obj@entry=0xee3bc0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/cont/src/THashList.cxx:100 #17 0x00007ffff7c4e0d1 in TListOfDataMembers::AddLast (this=0x5be690, obj=0xee3bc0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TListOfDataMembers.cxx:103 #18 0x00007ffff7ab8785 in TList::Add (obj=0xee3bc0, this=0x5be690) at /home/pcanal/root_builds/v6-14-00-patches/opt/include/TList.h:87 #19 TROOT::GetListOfGlobals (this=0x7ffff7da7a60 <ROOT::Internal::GetROOT1()::alloc>, load=load@entry=false) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/base/src/TROOT.cxx:1767 #20 0x00007fffeeab1058 in TCling::HandleNewDecl (this=0x4a0550, DV=0xedf238, isDeserialized=isDeserialized@entry=true, modifiedTClasses=...) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TCling.cxx:555 #21 0x00007fffeeabb785 in TCling::UpdateListsOnCommitted (this=0x4a0550, T=...) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TCling.cxx:6115 #22 0x00007fffeebd0103 in cling::MultiplexInterpreterCallbacks::TransactionCommitted (this=0x57fe20, T=...) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/MultiplexInterpreterCallbacks.h:76 #23 0x00007fffeed05d71 in cling::IncrementalParser::commitTransaction (this=0x4a2980, PRT=..., ClearDiagClient=true) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/IncrementalParser.cpp:532 #24 0x00007fffeed06399 in cling::IncrementalParser::Compile (this=0x4a2980, input=..., Opts=...) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/IncrementalParser.cpp:663 #25 0x00007fffeebcbc4e in cling::Interpreter::DeclareInternal (this=0x4a0f30, input=..., CO=..., T=0x7fffffffd680) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:1195 #26 0x00007fffeebca8e8 in cling::Interpreter::declare (this=0x4a0f30, input=..., T=0x7fffffffd680) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:823 #27 0x00007fffeebcb560 in cling::Interpreter::DeclareCFunction (this=0x4a0f30, name=..., code=..., withAccessControl=true) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:1096 #28 0x00007fffeebcb862 in cling::Interpreter::compileFunction (this=0x4a0f30, name=..., code=..., ifUnique=false, withAccessControl=true) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/interpreter/cling/lib/Interpreter/Interpreter.cpp:1140 #29 0x00007fffeeafb83c in TClingCallFunc::compile_wrapper (withAccessControl=true, wrapper=..., wrapper_name=..., this=0xcf3c10) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TClingCallFunc.cxx:270 #30 TClingCallFunc::make_wrapper (this=this@entry=0xcf3c10) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TClingCallFunc.cxx:1096 #31 0x00007fffeeafbcb8 in TClingCallFunc::IFacePtr (this=this@entry=0xcf3c10) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TClingCallFunc.cxx:2233 #32 0x00007fffeeafbe83 in TClingCallFunc::ExecT<long> (address=0x0, this=0xcf3c10) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TClingCallFunc.cxx:2045 #33 TClingCallFunc::ExecInt (this=0xcf3c10, address=0x0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/metacling/src/TClingCallFunc.cxx:2065 #34 0x00007ffff7c56e8d in TMethodCall::Execute (this=0xd97710, object=<optimized out>, retLong=@0x7fffffffd958: 0) at /local2/pcanal/cint_working/rootcling/v6-14-00-patches/core/meta/src/TMethodCall.cxx:457 #35 0x0000000000401009 in TMethodCall::Execute(long&) () #36 0x00000000004010ea in long TPluginHandler::ExecPluginImpl<>() () #37 0x000000000040106d in long TPluginHandler::ExecPlugin<>(int) () #38 0x0000000000400e21 in mytest() () #39 0x0000000000400e92 in main ()
Cling - The Interactive C++ Interpreter
The main repository is at https://github.com/root-project/cling
Overview
Cling is an interactive C++ interpreter, built on top of Clang and LLVM compiler infrastructure. Cling realizes the read-eval-print loop (REPL) concept, in order to leverage rapid application development. Implemented as a small extension to LLVM and Clang, the interpreter reuses their strengths such as the praised concise and expressive compiler diagnostics.
See also cling's web page.
Please note that some of the resources are rather old and most of the stated limitations are outdated.
- talks
- http://blog.coldflake.com/posts/2012-08-09-On-the-fly-C++.html
- http://solarianprogrammer.com/2012/08/14/cling-cpp-11-interpreter/
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9Xfh8pv3Fs
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrjV1ZgYbbA
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZZdDhf2wDw
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoIuqLNvzFs
Installation
Release Notes
See our release notes to find what's new.
Binaries
Our nightly binary snapshots can be found here.
Building from Source with Cling Packaging Tool
Cling's tree has a user-friendly, command-line utility written in Python called Cling Packaging Tool (CPT) which can build Cling from source and generate installer bundles for a wide range of platforms. CPT requires Python 2.7 or later.
If you have Cling's source cloned locally, you can find the tool in
tools/packaging
directory. Alternatively, you can download the script
manually, or by using wget
:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/root-project/cling/master/tools/packaging/cpt.py
chmod +x cpt.py
./cpt.py --check-requirements && ./cpt.py --create-dev-env Debug --with-workdir=./cling-build/
Full documentation of CPT can be found in tools/packaging.
Usage
./cling '#include <stdio.h>' 'printf("Hello World!\n")'
To get started run:
./cling --help
or type
./cling
[cling]$ .help
Jupyter
Cling comes with a Jupyter kernel. After building cling, install Jupyter and cling's kernel by following the README.md in tools/Jupyter. Make sure cling is in your PATH when you start jupyter!
Developers' Corner
Cling's latest doxygen documentation
Contributions
Every contribution is considered a donation and its copyright and any other related rights become exclusive ownership of the person who merged the code or in any other case the main developers of the "Cling Project".
We warmly welcome external contributions to the Cling! By providing code, you agree to transfer your copyright on the code to the "Cling project". Of course you will be duly credited and your name will appear on the contributors page, the release notes, and in the CREDITS file shipped with every binary and source distribution. The copyright transfer is necessary for us to be able to effectively defend the project in case of litigation.
License
Please see our LICENSE.
Releases
Our release steps to follow when cutting a new release:
- Update release notes
- Remove
~dev
suffix from VERSION - Add a new entry in the news section of our website
- Commit the changes.
git tag -a v0.x -m "Tagging release v0.x"
- Create a draft release in github and copy the contents of the release notes.
- Wait for green builds.
- Upload binaries to github (Travis should do this automatically).
- Publish the tag and announce it on the mailing list.
- Increment the current version and append
~dev
.