diff --git a/tests/ioctl_inotify.c b/tests/ioctl_inotify.c
index 88bd3b12..0650c624 100644
--- a/tests/ioctl_inotify.c
+++ b/tests/ioctl_inotify.c
@@ -32,16 +32,20 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
-
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <asm/unistd.h>
 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
 
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
-
 #ifndef INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD
 # define INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD  _IOW('I', 0, int32_t)
 #endif
 
+static long
+sys_ioctl(kernel_long_t fd, kernel_ulong_t cmd, kernel_ulong_t arg)
+{
+	return syscall(__NR_ioctl, fd, cmd, arg);
+}
+
 int
 main(void)
 {
@@ -51,7 +55,7 @@ main(void)
 		(kernel_ulong_t) 0xdeadbeefbadc0dedULL;
 
 	/* Unknown inotify commands */
-	ioctl(-1, unknown_inotify_cmd, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, unknown_inotify_cmd, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE%s, 0x49, %#x, %#x), "
 	       "%#lx) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       _IOC_DIR((unsigned int) unknown_inotify_cmd) & _IOC_NONE ?
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ main(void)
 	       _IOC_SIZE((unsigned int) unknown_inotify_cmd),
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
-	ioctl(-1, INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD + 1, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD + 1, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 0x49, %#x, %#x), %#lx)"
 	       " = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) _IOC_NR(INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD + 1),
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ main(void)
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
 	/* INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD */
-	ioctl(-1, INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, INOTIFY_IOC_SETNEXTWD, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (int) magic);
 
diff --git a/tests/ioctl_loop.c b/tests/ioctl_loop.c
index bafbd378..10b7dc34 100644
--- a/tests/ioctl_loop.c
+++ b/tests/ioctl_loop.c
@@ -34,8 +34,10 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <asm/unistd.h>
 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
 #include <linux/loop.h>
 #include "print_fields.h"
@@ -45,6 +47,12 @@
 # define ABBREV 0
 #endif
 
+static long
+sys_ioctl(kernel_long_t fd, kernel_ulong_t cmd, kernel_ulong_t arg)
+{
+	return syscall(__NR_ioctl, fd, cmd, arg);
+}
+
 static void
 print_loop_info(struct loop_info * const info, bool print_encrypt,
 		const char *encrypt_type, const char *encrypt_key,
@@ -178,7 +186,7 @@ main(void)
 	TAIL_ALLOC_OBJECT_CONST_PTR(struct loop_info64, info64);
 
 	/* Unknown loop commands */
-	ioctl(-1, unknown_loop_cmd, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, unknown_loop_cmd, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE%s, 0x4c, %#x, %#x), "
 	       "%#lx) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       _IOC_DIR((unsigned int) unknown_loop_cmd) & _IOC_NONE ?
@@ -187,14 +195,14 @@ main(void)
 	       _IOC_SIZE((unsigned int) unknown_loop_cmd),
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE + 1, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE + 1, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(0, 0x4c, %#x, %#x), %#lx) = "
 	       "-1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       _IOC_NR(LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE + 1),
 	       _IOC_SIZE(LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE + 1),
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE + 1, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE + 1, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(0, 0x4c, %#x, %#x), %#lx) = "
 	       "-1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       _IOC_NR(LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE + 1),
@@ -202,7 +210,7 @@ main(void)
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
 	/* LOOP_SET_FD */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_FD, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_FD, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_FD, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) magic);
 
@@ -289,7 +297,7 @@ main(void)
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_GET_STATUS64, %p) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n", info64);
 
 	/* LOOP_CHANGE_FD */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_CHANGE_FD, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_CHANGE_FD, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_CHANGE_FD, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) magic);
 
@@ -298,22 +306,22 @@ main(void)
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_CAPACITY) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n");
 
 	/* LOOP_SET_DIRECT_IO */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_DIRECT_IO, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_DIRECT_IO, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_DIRECT_IO, %lu) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
 	/* LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE, %lu) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
 	/* LOOP_CTL_ADD */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_ADD, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_ADD, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_ADD, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) magic);
 
 	/* LOOP_CTL_REMOVE */
-	ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_REMOVE, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_REMOVE, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, LOOP_CTL_REMOVE, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) magic);
 
diff --git a/tests/ioctl_perf.c b/tests/ioctl_perf.c
index 2fbc753d..7db01dbc 100644
--- a/tests/ioctl_perf.c
+++ b/tests/ioctl_perf.c
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@
 # include <inttypes.h>
 # include <stdio.h>
 # include <string.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
 # include <sys/ioctl.h>
+# include <asm/unistd.h>
 # include <linux/perf_event.h>
 
 /*
@@ -51,6 +53,12 @@
 
 # define STR16 "0123456789abcdef"
 
+static long
+sys_ioctl(kernel_long_t fd, kernel_ulong_t cmd, kernel_ulong_t arg)
+{
+	return syscall(__NR_ioctl, fd, cmd, arg);
+}
+
 int
 main(void)
 {
@@ -82,7 +90,7 @@ main(void)
 	fill_memory_ex(pea_ptr, sizeof(*pea_ptr), 0xaa, 0x55);
 
 	/* Unknown perf commands */
-	ioctl(-1, unknown_perf_cmd, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, unknown_perf_cmd, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE%s, 0x24, %#x, %#x), "
 	       "%#lx) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       _IOC_DIR((unsigned int) unknown_perf_cmd) & _IOC_NONE ?
@@ -91,7 +99,7 @@ main(void)
 	       _IOC_SIZE((unsigned int) unknown_perf_cmd),
 	       (unsigned long) magic);
 
-	ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES + 1, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES + 1, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 0x24, %#x, %#x), %#lx)"
 	       " = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned int) _IOC_NR(PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES + 1),
@@ -112,14 +120,14 @@ main(void)
 		       "= -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 		       flag_iocs[i].str);
 
-		ioctl(-1, flag_iocs[i].cmd, magic);
+		sys_ioctl(-1, flag_iocs[i].cmd, magic);
 		printf("ioctl(-1, %s, PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP|%#x) "
 		       "= -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 		       flag_iocs[i].str, (unsigned int) magic & ~1U);
 	}
 
 	/* PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH */
-	ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (int) magic);
 
@@ -137,7 +145,7 @@ main(void)
 	       magic64);
 
 	/* PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT */
-	ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (int) magic);
 
@@ -178,12 +186,12 @@ main(void)
 	       u64_ptr);
 
 	/* PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF */
-	ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, %d) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (int) magic);
 
 	/* PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT */
-	ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT, magic);
+	sys_ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT, magic);
 	printf("ioctl(-1, PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT, %lu) = -1 EBADF (%m)\n",
 	       (unsigned long) magic);