linux/tools/testing/kunit/kunit_kernel.py

# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Runs UML kernel, collects output, and handles errors.
#
# Copyright (C) 2019, Google LLC.
# Author: Felix Guo <felixguoxiuping@gmail.com>
# Author: Brendan Higgins <brendanhiggins@google.com>

import importlib.abc
import importlib.util
import logging
import subprocess
import os
import shlex
import shutil
import signal
import threading
from typing import Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple

import kunit_config
from kunit_printer import stdout
import qemu_config

KCONFIG_PATH = '.config'
KUNITCONFIG_PATH = '.kunitconfig'
OLD_KUNITCONFIG_PATH = 'last_used_kunitconfig'
DEFAULT_KUNITCONFIG_PATH = 'tools/testing/kunit/configs/default.config'
BROKEN_ALLCONFIG_PATH = 'tools/testing/kunit/configs/broken_on_uml.config'
UML_KCONFIG_PATH = 'tools/testing/kunit/configs/arch_uml.config'
OUTFILE_PATH = 'test.log'
ABS_TOOL_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
QEMU_CONFIGS_DIR = os.path.join(ABS_TOOL_PATH, 'qemu_configs')

class ConfigError(Exception):
	"""Represents an error trying to configure the Linux kernel."""


class BuildError(Exception):
	"""Represents an error trying to build the Linux kernel."""


class LinuxSourceTreeOperations:
	"""An abstraction over command line operations performed on a source tree."""

	def __init__(self, linux_arch: str, cross_compile: Optional[str]):
		self._linux_arch = linux_arch
		self._cross_compile = cross_compile

	def make_mrproper(self) -> None:
		try:
			subprocess.check_output(['make', 'mrproper'], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
		except OSError as e:
			raise ConfigError('Could not call make command: ' + str(e))
		except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
			raise ConfigError(e.output.decode())

	def make_arch_config(self, base_kunitconfig: kunit_config.Kconfig) -> kunit_config.Kconfig:
		return base_kunitconfig

	def make_allyesconfig(self, build_dir: str, make_options) -> None:
		raise ConfigError('Only the "um" arch is supported for alltests')

	def make_olddefconfig(self, build_dir: str, make_options) -> None:
		command = ['make', 'ARCH=' + self._linux_arch, 'O=' + build_dir, 'olddefconfig']
		if self._cross_compile:
			command += ['CROSS_COMPILE=' + self._cross_compile]
		if make_options:
			command.extend(make_options)
		print('Populating config with:\n$', ' '.join(command))
		try:
			subprocess.check_output(command, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
		except OSError as e:
			raise ConfigError('Could not call make command: ' + str(e))
		except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
			raise ConfigError(e.output.decode())

	def make(self, jobs, build_dir: str, make_options) -> None:
		command = ['make', 'ARCH=' + self._linux_arch, 'O=' + build_dir, '--jobs=' + str(jobs)]
		if make_options:
			command.extend(make_options)
		if self._cross_compile:
			command += ['CROSS_COMPILE=' + self._cross_compile]
		print('Building with:\n$', ' '.join(command))
		try:
			proc = subprocess.Popen(command,
						stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
						stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
		except OSError as e:
			raise BuildError('Could not call execute make: ' + str(e))
		except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
			raise BuildError(e.output)
		_, stderr = proc.communicate()
		if proc.returncode != 0:
			raise BuildError(stderr.decode())
		if stderr:  # likely only due to build warnings
			print(stderr.decode())

	def start(self, params: List[str], build_dir: str) -> subprocess.Popen:
		raise RuntimeError('not implemented!')


class LinuxSourceTreeOperationsQemu(LinuxSourceTreeOperations):

	def __init__(self, qemu_arch_params: qemu_config.QemuArchParams, cross_compile: Optional[str]):
		super().__init__(linux_arch=qemu_arch_params.linux_arch,
				 cross_compile=cross_compile)
		self._kconfig = qemu_arch_params.kconfig
		self._qemu_arch = qemu_arch_params.qemu_arch
		self._kernel_path = qemu_arch_params.kernel_path
		self._kernel_command_line = qemu_arch_params.kernel_command_line + ' kunit_shutdown=reboot'
		self._extra_qemu_params = qemu_arch_params.extra_qemu_params

	def make_arch_config(self, base_kunitconfig: kunit_config.Kconfig) -> kunit_config.Kconfig:
		kconfig = kunit_config.parse_from_string(self._kconfig)
		kconfig.merge_in_entries(base_kunitconfig)
		return kconfig

	def start(self, params: List[str], build_dir: str) -> subprocess.Popen:
		kernel_path = os.path.join(build_dir, self._kernel_path)
		qemu_command = ['qemu-system-' + self._qemu_arch,
				'-nodefaults',
				'-m', '1024',
				'-kernel', kernel_path,
				'-append', ' '.join(params + [self._kernel_command_line]),
				'-no-reboot',
				'-nographic',
				'-serial', 'stdio'] + self._extra_qemu_params
		# Note: shlex.join() does what we want, but requires python 3.8+.
		print('Running tests with:\n$', ' '.join(shlex.quote(arg) for arg in qemu_command))
		return subprocess.Popen(qemu_command,
					stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
					stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
					stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
					text=True, errors='backslashreplace')

class LinuxSourceTreeOperationsUml(LinuxSourceTreeOperations):
	"""An abstraction over command line operations performed on a source tree."""

	def __init__(self, cross_compile=None):
		super().__init__(linux_arch='um', cross_compile=cross_compile)

	def make_arch_config(self, base_kunitconfig: kunit_config.Kconfig) -> kunit_config.Kconfig:
		kconfig = kunit_config.parse_file(UML_KCONFIG_PATH)
		kconfig.merge_in_entries(base_kunitconfig)
		return kconfig

	def make_allyesconfig(self, build_dir: str, make_options) -> None:
		stdout.print_with_timestamp(
			'Enabling all CONFIGs for UML...')
		command = ['make', 'ARCH=um', 'O=' + build_dir, 'allyesconfig']
		if make_options:
			command.extend(make_options)
		process = subprocess.Popen(
			command,
			stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
			stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
		process.wait()
		stdout.print_with_timestamp(
			'Disabling broken configs to run KUnit tests...')

		with open(get_kconfig_path(build_dir), 'a') as config:
			with open(BROKEN_ALLCONFIG_PATH, 'r') as disable:
				config.write(disable.read())
		stdout.print_with_timestamp(
			'Starting Kernel with all configs takes a few minutes...')

	def start(self, params: List[str], build_dir: str) -> subprocess.Popen:
		"""Runs the Linux UML binary. Must be named 'linux'."""
		linux_bin = os.path.join(build_dir, 'linux')
		params.extend(['mem=1G', 'console=tty', 'kunit_shutdown=halt'])
		return subprocess.Popen([linux_bin] + params,
					   stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
					   stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
					   stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
					   text=True, errors='backslashreplace')

def get_kconfig_path(build_dir: str) -> str:
	return os.path.join(build_dir, KCONFIG_PATH)

def get_kunitconfig_path(build_dir: str) -> str:
	return os.path.join(build_dir, KUNITCONFIG_PATH)

def get_old_kunitconfig_path(build_dir: str) -> str:
	return os.path.join(build_dir, OLD_KUNITCONFIG_PATH)

def get_parsed_kunitconfig(build_dir: str,
			   kunitconfig_paths: Optional[List[str]]=None) -> kunit_config.Kconfig:
	if not kunitconfig_paths:
		path = get_kunitconfig_path(build_dir)
		if not os.path.exists(path):
			shutil.copyfile(DEFAULT_KUNITCONFIG_PATH, path)
		return kunit_config.parse_file(path)

	merged = kunit_config.Kconfig()

	for path in kunitconfig_paths:
		if os.path.isdir(path):
			path = os.path.join(path, KUNITCONFIG_PATH)
		if not os.path.exists(path):
			raise ConfigError(f'Specified kunitconfig ({path}) does not exist')

		partial = kunit_config.parse_file(path)
		diff = merged.conflicting_options(partial)
		if diff:
			diff_str = '\n\n'.join(f'{a}\n  vs from {path}\n{b}' for a, b in diff)
			raise ConfigError(f'Multiple values specified for {len(diff)} options in kunitconfig:\n{diff_str}')
		merged.merge_in_entries(partial)
	return merged

def get_outfile_path(build_dir: str) -> str:
	return os.path.join(build_dir, OUTFILE_PATH)

def _default_qemu_config_path(arch: str) -> str:
	config_path = os.path.join(QEMU_CONFIGS_DIR, arch + '.py')
	if os.path.isfile(config_path):
		return config_path

	options = [f[:-3] for f in os.listdir(QEMU_CONFIGS_DIR) if f.endswith('.py')]
	raise ConfigError(arch + ' is not a valid arch, options are ' + str(sorted(options)))

def _get_qemu_ops(config_path: str,
		  extra_qemu_args: Optional[List[str]],
		  cross_compile: Optional[str]) -> Tuple[str, LinuxSourceTreeOperations]:
	# The module name/path has very little to do with where the actual file
	# exists (I learned this through experimentation and could not find it
	# anywhere in the Python documentation).
	#
	# Bascially, we completely ignore the actual file location of the config
	# we are loading and just tell Python that the module lives in the
	# QEMU_CONFIGS_DIR for import purposes regardless of where it actually
	# exists as a file.
	module_path = '.' + os.path.join(os.path.basename(QEMU_CONFIGS_DIR), os.path.basename(config_path))
	spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_path, config_path)
	assert spec is not None
	config = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
	# See https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/2626 for context.
	assert isinstance(spec.loader, importlib.abc.Loader)
	spec.loader.exec_module(config)

	if not hasattr(config, 'QEMU_ARCH'):
		raise ValueError('qemu_config module missing "QEMU_ARCH": ' + config_path)
	params: qemu_config.QemuArchParams = config.QEMU_ARCH  # type: ignore
	if extra_qemu_args:
		params.extra_qemu_params.extend(extra_qemu_args)
	return params.linux_arch, LinuxSourceTreeOperationsQemu(
			params, cross_compile=cross_compile)

class LinuxSourceTree:
	"""Represents a Linux kernel source tree with KUnit tests."""

	def __init__(
	      self,
	      build_dir: str,
	      kunitconfig_paths: Optional[List[str]]=None,
	      kconfig_add: Optional[List[str]]=None,
	      arch=None,
	      cross_compile=None,
	      qemu_config_path=None,
	      extra_qemu_args=None) -> None:
		signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.signal_handler)
		if qemu_config_path:
			self._arch, self._ops = _get_qemu_ops(qemu_config_path, extra_qemu_args, cross_compile)
		else:
			self._arch = 'um' if arch is None else arch
			if self._arch == 'um':
				self._ops = LinuxSourceTreeOperationsUml(cross_compile=cross_compile)
			else:
				qemu_config_path = _default_qemu_config_path(self._arch)
				_, self._ops = _get_qemu_ops(qemu_config_path, extra_qemu_args, cross_compile)

		self._kconfig = get_parsed_kunitconfig(build_dir, kunitconfig_paths)
		if kconfig_add:
			kconfig = kunit_config.parse_from_string('\n'.join(kconfig_add))
			self._kconfig.merge_in_entries(kconfig)

	def arch(self) -> str:
		return self._arch

	def clean(self) -> bool:
		try:
			self._ops.make_mrproper()
		except ConfigError as e:
			logging.error(e)
			return False
		return True

	def validate_config(self, build_dir: str) -> bool:
		kconfig_path = get_kconfig_path(build_dir)
		validated_kconfig = kunit_config.parse_file(kconfig_path)
		if self._kconfig.is_subset_of(validated_kconfig):
			return True
		missing = set(self._kconfig.as_entries()) - set(validated_kconfig.as_entries())
		message = 'Not all Kconfig options selected in kunitconfig were in the generated .config.\n' \
			  'This is probably due to unsatisfied dependencies.\n' \
			  'Missing: ' + ', '.join(str(e) for e in missing)
		if self._arch == 'um':
			message += '\nNote: many Kconfig options aren\'t available on UML. You can try running ' \
				   'on a different architecture with something like "--arch=x86_64".'
		logging.error(message)
		return False

	def build_config(self, build_dir: str, make_options) -> bool:
		kconfig_path = get_kconfig_path(build_dir)
		if build_dir and not os.path.exists(build_dir):
			os.mkdir(build_dir)
		try:
			self._kconfig = self._ops.make_arch_config(self._kconfig)
			self._kconfig.write_to_file(kconfig_path)
			self._ops.make_olddefconfig(build_dir, make_options)
		except ConfigError as e:
			logging.error(e)
			return False
		if not self.validate_config(build_dir):
			return False

		old_path = get_old_kunitconfig_path(build_dir)
		if os.path.exists(old_path):
			os.remove(old_path)  # write_to_file appends to the file
		self._kconfig.write_to_file(old_path)
		return True

	def _kunitconfig_changed(self, build_dir: str) -> bool:
		old_path = get_old_kunitconfig_path(build_dir)
		if not os.path.exists(old_path):
			return True

		old_kconfig = kunit_config.parse_file(old_path)
		return old_kconfig != self._kconfig

	def build_reconfig(self, build_dir: str, make_options) -> bool:
		"""Creates a new .config if it is not a subset of the .kunitconfig."""
		kconfig_path = get_kconfig_path(build_dir)
		if not os.path.exists(kconfig_path):
			print('Generating .config ...')
			return self.build_config(build_dir, make_options)

		existing_kconfig = kunit_config.parse_file(kconfig_path)
		self._kconfig = self._ops.make_arch_config(self._kconfig)

		if self._kconfig.is_subset_of(existing_kconfig) and not self._kunitconfig_changed(build_dir):
			return True
		print('Regenerating .config ...')
		os.remove(kconfig_path)
		return self.build_config(build_dir, make_options)

	def build_kernel(self, alltests, jobs, build_dir: str, make_options) -> bool:
		try:
			if alltests:
				self._ops.make_allyesconfig(build_dir, make_options)
			self._ops.make_olddefconfig(build_dir, make_options)
			self._ops.make(jobs, build_dir, make_options)
		except (ConfigError, BuildError) as e:
			logging.error(e)
			return False
		return self.validate_config(build_dir)

	def run_kernel(self, args=None, build_dir='', filter_glob='', timeout=None) -> Iterator[str]:
		if not args:
			args = []
		if filter_glob:
			args.append('kunit.filter_glob='+filter_glob)

		process = self._ops.start(args, build_dir)
		assert process.stdout is not None  # tell mypy it's set

		# Enforce the timeout in a background thread.
		def _wait_proc():
			try:
				process.wait(timeout=timeout)
			except Exception as e:
				print(e)
				process.terminate()
				process.wait()
		waiter = threading.Thread(target=_wait_proc)
		waiter.start()

		output = open(get_outfile_path(build_dir), 'w')
		try:
			# Tee the output to the file and to our caller in real time.
			for line in process.stdout:
				output.write(line)
				yield line
		# This runs even if our caller doesn't consume every line.
		finally:
			# Flush any leftover output to the file
			output.write(process.stdout.read())
			output.close()
			process.stdout.close()

			waiter.join()
			subprocess.call(['stty', 'sane'])

	def signal_handler(self, unused_sig, unused_frame) -> None:
		logging.error('Build interruption occurred. Cleaning console.')
		subprocess.call(['stty', 'sane'])