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#
# Traffic control configuration.
#
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menuconfig NET_SCHED
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bool "QoS and/or fair queueing"
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select NET_SCH_FIFO
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---help---
When the kernel has several packets to send out over a network
device, it has to decide which ones to send first, which ones to
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delay, and which ones to drop. This is the job of the queueing
disciplines, several different algorithms for how to do this
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"fairly" have been proposed.
If you say N here, you will get the standard packet scheduler, which
is a FIFO (first come, first served). If you say Y here, you will be
able to choose from among several alternative algorithms which can
then be attached to different network devices. This is useful for
example if some of your network devices are real time devices that
need a certain minimum data flow rate, or if you need to limit the
maximum data flow rate for traffic which matches specified criteria.
This code is considered to be experimental.
To administer these schedulers, you'll need the user-level utilities
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from the package iproute2+tc at
<https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/>. That package
also contains some documentation; for more, check out
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<http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/iproute2>.
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This Quality of Service (QoS) support will enable you to use
Differentiated Services (diffserv) and Resource Reservation Protocol
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(RSVP) on your Linux router if you also say Y to the corresponding
classifiers below. Documentation and software is at
<http://diffserv.sourceforge.net/>.
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If you say Y here and to "/proc file system" below, you will be able
to read status information about packet schedulers from the file
/proc/net/psched.
The available schedulers are listed in the following questions; you
can say Y to as many as you like. If unsure, say N now.
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if NET_SCHED
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comment "Queueing/Scheduling"
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config NET_SCH_CBQ
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tristate "Class Based Queueing (CBQ)"
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Class-Based Queueing (CBQ) packet
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scheduling algorithm. This algorithm classifies the waiting packets
into a tree-like hierarchy of classes; the leaves of this tree are
in turn scheduled by separate algorithms.
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See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_cbq.c> for more details.
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CBQ is a commonly used scheduler, so if you're unsure, you should
say Y here. Then say Y to all the queueing algorithms below that you
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want to use as leaf disciplines.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_cbq.
config NET_SCH_HTB
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tristate "Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB)"
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Hierarchical Token Buckets (HTB)
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packet scheduling algorithm. See
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<http://luxik.cdi.cz/~devik/qos/htb/> for complete manual and
in-depth articles.
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HTB is very similar to CBQ regarding its goals however is has
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different properties and different algorithm.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_htb.
config NET_SCH_HFSC
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tristate "Hierarchical Fair Service Curve (HFSC)"
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Hierarchical Fair Service Curve
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(HFSC) packet scheduling algorithm.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_hfsc.
config NET_SCH_ATM
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tristate "ATM Virtual Circuits (ATM)"
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depends on ATM
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the ATM pseudo-scheduler. This
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provides a framework for invoking classifiers, which in turn
select classes of this queuing discipline. Each class maps
the flow(s) it is handling to a given virtual circuit.
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See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_atm.c> for more details.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_atm.
config NET_SCH_PRIO
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tristate "Multi Band Priority Queueing (PRIO)"
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to use an n-band priority queue packet
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scheduler.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_prio.
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config NET_SCH_MULTIQ
tristate "Hardware Multiqueue-aware Multi Band Queuing (MULTIQ)"
---help---
Say Y here if you want to use an n-band queue packet scheduler
to support devices that have multiple hardware transmit queues.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_multiq.
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config NET_SCH_RED
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tristate "Random Early Detection (RED)"
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to use the Random Early Detection (RED)
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packet scheduling algorithm.
See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_red.c> for more details.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_red.
net_sched: SFB flow scheduler
This is the Stochastic Fair Blue scheduler, based on work from :
W. Feng, D. Kandlur, D. Saha, K. Shin. Blue: A New Class of Active Queue
Management Algorithms. U. Michigan CSE-TR-387-99, April 1999.
http://www.thefengs.com/wuchang/blue/CSE-TR-387-99.pdf
This implementation is based on work done by Juliusz Chroboczek
General SFB algorithm can be found in figure 14, page 15:
B[l][n] : L x N array of bins (L levels, N bins per level)
enqueue()
Calculate hash function values h{0}, h{1}, .. h{L-1}
Update bins at each level
for i = 0 to L - 1
if (B[i][h{i}].qlen > bin_size)
B[i][h{i}].p_mark += p_increment;
else if (B[i][h{i}].qlen == 0)
B[i][h{i}].p_mark -= p_decrement;
p_min = min(B[0][h{0}].p_mark ... B[L-1][h{L-1}].p_mark);
if (p_min == 1.0)
ratelimit();
else
mark/drop with probabilty p_min;
I did the adaptation of Juliusz code to meet current kernel standards,
and various changes to address previous comments :
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.network/90225
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.network/90375
Default flow classifier is the rxhash introduced by RPS in 2.6.35, but
we can use an external flow classifier if wanted.
tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:11 handle 11: \
est 0.5sec 2sec sfb limit 128
tc filter add dev $DEV protocol ip parent 11: handle 3 \
flow hash keys dst divisor 1024
Notes:
1) SFB default child qdisc is pfifo_fast. It can be changed by another
qdisc but a child qdisc MUST not drop a packet previously queued. This
is because SFB needs to handle a dequeued packet in order to maintain
its virtual queue states. pfifo_head_drop or CHOKe should not be used.
2) ECN is enabled by default, unlike RED/CHOKe/GRED
With help from Patrick McHardy & Andi Kleen
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Juliusz Chroboczek <Juliusz.Chroboczek@pps.jussieu.fr>
CC: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
CC: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
CC: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
CC: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-02-23 13:56:17 +03:00
config NET_SCH_SFB
tristate "Stochastic Fair Blue (SFB)"
---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Stochastic Fair Blue (SFB)
packet scheduling algorithm.
See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_sfb.c> for more details.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_sfb.
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config NET_SCH_SFQ
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tristate "Stochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ)"
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Stochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ)
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packet scheduling algorithm.
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See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_sfq.c> for more details.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_sfq.
config NET_SCH_TEQL
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tristate "True Link Equalizer (TEQL)"
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the True Link Equalizer (TLE) packet
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scheduling algorithm. This queueing discipline allows the combination
of several physical devices into one virtual device.
See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_teql.c> for more details.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_teql.
config NET_SCH_TBF
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tristate "Token Bucket Filter (TBF)"
---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Token Bucket Filter (TBF) packet
scheduling algorithm.
See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_tbf.c> for more details.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_tbf.
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config NET_SCH_CBS
tristate "Credit Based Shaper (CBS)"
---help---
Say Y here if you want to use the Credit Based Shaper (CBS) packet
scheduling algorithm.
See the top of <file:net/sched/sch_cbs.c> for more details.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_cbs.
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config NET_SCH_GRED
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tristate "Generic Random Early Detection (GRED)"
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to use the Generic Random Early Detection
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(GRED) packet scheduling algorithm for some of your network devices
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(see the top of <file:net/sched/sch_red.c> for details and
references about the algorithm).
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_gred.
config NET_SCH_DSMARK
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tristate "Differentiated Services marker (DSMARK)"
---help---
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Say Y if you want to schedule packets according to the
Differentiated Services architecture proposed in RFC 2475.
Technical information on this method, with pointers to associated
RFCs, is available at <http://www.gta.ufrj.br/diffserv/>.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_dsmark.
config NET_SCH_NETEM
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tristate "Network emulator (NETEM)"
---help---
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Say Y if you want to emulate network delay, loss, and packet
re-ordering. This is often useful to simulate networks when
testing applications or protocols.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_netem.
If unsure, say N.
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config NET_SCH_DRR
tristate "Deficit Round Robin scheduler (DRR)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Deficit Round Robin (DRR) packet
scheduling algorithm.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_drr.
If unsure, say N.
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config NET_SCH_MQPRIO
tristate "Multi-queue priority scheduler (MQPRIO)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Multi-queue Priority scheduler.
This scheduler allows QOS to be offloaded on NICs that have support
for offloading QOS schedulers.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will
be called sch_mqprio.
If unsure, say N.
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config NET_SCH_CHOKE
tristate "CHOose and Keep responsive flow scheduler (CHOKE)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the CHOKe packet scheduler (CHOose
and Keep for responsive flows, CHOose and Kill for unresponsive
flows). This is a variation of RED which trys to penalize flows
that monopolize the queue.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_choke.
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config NET_SCH_QFQ
tristate "Quick Fair Queueing scheduler (QFQ)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Quick Fair Queueing Scheduler (QFQ)
packet scheduling algorithm.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_qfq.
If unsure, say N.
codel: Controlled Delay AQM
An implementation of CoDel AQM, from Kathleen Nichols and Van Jacobson.
http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2209336
This AQM main input is no longer queue size in bytes or packets, but the
delay packets stay in (FIFO) queue.
As we don't have infinite memory, we still can drop packets in enqueue()
in case of massive load, but mean of CoDel is to drop packets in
dequeue(), using a control law based on two simple parameters :
target : target sojourn time (default 5ms)
interval : width of moving time window (default 100ms)
Based on initial work from Dave Taht.
Refactored to help future codel inclusion as a plugin for other linux
qdisc (FQ_CODEL, ...), like RED.
include/net/codel.h contains codel algorithm as close as possible than
Kathleen reference.
net/sched/sch_codel.c contains the linux qdisc specific glue.
Separate structures permit a memory efficient implementation of fq_codel
(to be sent as a separate work) : Each flow has its own struct
codel_vars.
timestamps are taken at enqueue() time with 1024 ns precision, allowing
a range of 2199 seconds in queue, and 100Gb links support. iproute2 uses
usec as base unit.
Selected packets are dropped, unless ECN is enabled and packets can get
ECN mark instead.
Tested from 2Mb to 10Gb speeds with no particular problems, on ixgbe and
tg3 drivers (BQL enabled).
Usage: tc qdisc ... codel [ limit PACKETS ] [ target TIME ]
[ interval TIME ] [ ecn ]
qdisc codel 10: parent 1:1 limit 2000p target 3.0ms interval 60.0ms ecn
Sent 13347099587 bytes 8815805 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
rate 202365Kbit 16708pps backlog 113550b 75p requeues 0
count 116 lastcount 98 ldelay 4.3ms dropping drop_next 816us
maxpacket 1514 ecn_mark 84399 drop_overlimit 0
CoDel must be seen as a base module, and should be used keeping in mind
there is still a FIFO queue. So a typical setup will probably need a
hierarchy of several qdiscs and packet classifiers to be able to meet
whatever constraints a user might have.
One possible example would be to use fq_codel, which combines Fair
Queueing and CoDel, in replacement of sfq / sfq_red.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Taht <dave.taht@bufferbloat.net>
Cc: Kathleen Nichols <nichols@pollere.com>
Cc: Van Jacobson <van@pollere.net>
Cc: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Cc: Matt Mathis <mattmathis@google.com>
Cc: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-05-10 11:51:25 +04:00
config NET_SCH_CODEL
tristate "Controlled Delay AQM (CODEL)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Controlled Delay (CODEL)
packet scheduling algorithm.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_codel.
If unsure, say N.
fq_codel: Fair Queue Codel AQM
Fair Queue Codel packet scheduler
Principles :
- Packets are classified (internal classifier or external) on flows.
- This is a Stochastic model (as we use a hash, several flows might
be hashed on same slot)
- Each flow has a CoDel managed queue.
- Flows are linked onto two (Round Robin) lists,
so that new flows have priority on old ones.
- For a given flow, packets are not reordered (CoDel uses a FIFO)
- head drops only.
- ECN capability is on by default.
- Very low memory footprint (64 bytes per flow)
tc qdisc ... fq_codel [ limit PACKETS ] [ flows number ]
[ target TIME ] [ interval TIME ] [ noecn ]
[ quantum BYTES ]
defaults : 1024 flows, 10240 packets limit, quantum : device MTU
target : 5ms (CoDel default)
interval : 100ms (CoDel default)
Impressive results on load :
class htb 1:1 root leaf 10: prio 0 quantum 1514 rate 200000Kbit ceil 200000Kbit burst 1475b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 1475b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b level 0
Sent 43304920109 bytes 33063109 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
rate 201691Kbit 28595pps backlog 0b 312p requeues 0
lended: 33063109 borrowed: 0 giants: 0
tokens: -912 ctokens: -912
class fq_codel 10:1735 parent 10:
(dropped 1292, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 15140b 10p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.1ms
class fq_codel 10:4524 parent 10:
(dropped 1291, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 16654b 11p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.1ms
class fq_codel 10:4e74 parent 10:
(dropped 1290, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 6056b 4p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 6.4ms dropping drop_next 92.0ms
class fq_codel 10:628a parent 10:
(dropped 1289, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 7570b 5p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 5.4ms dropping drop_next 90.9ms
class fq_codel 10:a4b3 parent 10:
(dropped 302, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 16654b 11p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.1ms
class fq_codel 10:c3c2 parent 10:
(dropped 1284, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 13626b 9p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 5.9ms
class fq_codel 10:d331 parent 10:
(dropped 299, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 15140b 10p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.0ms
class fq_codel 10:d526 parent 10:
(dropped 12160, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 35870b 211p requeues 0
deficit 1508 count 12160 lastcount 1 ldelay 15.3ms dropping drop_next 247us
class fq_codel 10:e2c6 parent 10:
(dropped 1288, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 15140b 10p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.1ms
class fq_codel 10:eab5 parent 10:
(dropped 1285, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 16654b 11p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 5.9ms
class fq_codel 10:f220 parent 10:
(dropped 1289, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
backlog 15140b 10p requeues 0
deficit 1514 count 1 lastcount 1 ldelay 7.1ms
qdisc htb 1: root refcnt 6 r2q 10 default 1 direct_packets_stat 0 ver 3.17
Sent 43331086547 bytes 33092812 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 66063544 requeues 71)
rate 201697Kbit 28602pps backlog 0b 260p requeues 71
qdisc fq_codel 10: parent 1:1 limit 10240p flows 65536 target 5.0ms interval 100.0ms ecn
Sent 43331086547 bytes 33092812 pkt (dropped 949359, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
rate 201697Kbit 28602pps backlog 189352b 260p requeues 0
maxpacket 1514 drop_overlimit 0 new_flow_count 5582 ecn_mark 125593
new_flows_len 0 old_flows_len 11
PING 172.30.42.18 (172.30.42.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.227 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.166 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.151 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=5 ttl=64 time=0.164 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=6 ttl=64 time=0.172 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=7 ttl=64 time=0.175 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=8 ttl=64 time=0.183 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=9 ttl=64 time=0.158 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.42.18: icmp_req=10 ttl=64 time=0.200 ms
10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 8999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.151/0.176/0.227/0.022 ms
Much better than SFQ because of priority given to new flows, and fast
path dirtying less cache lines.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-05-11 13:30:50 +04:00
config NET_SCH_FQ_CODEL
tristate "Fair Queue Controlled Delay AQM (FQ_CODEL)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the FQ Controlled Delay (FQ_CODEL)
packet scheduling algorithm.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_fq_codel.
If unsure, say N.
pkt_sched: fq: Fair Queue packet scheduler
- Uses perfect flow match (not stochastic hash like SFQ/FQ_codel)
- Uses the new_flow/old_flow separation from FQ_codel
- New flows get an initial credit allowing IW10 without added delay.
- Special FIFO queue for high prio packets (no need for PRIO + FQ)
- Uses a hash table of RB trees to locate the flows at enqueue() time
- Smart on demand gc (at enqueue() time, RB tree lookup evicts old
unused flows)
- Dynamic memory allocations.
- Designed to allow millions of concurrent flows per Qdisc.
- Small memory footprint : ~8K per Qdisc, and 104 bytes per flow.
- Single high resolution timer for throttled flows (if any).
- One RB tree to link throttled flows.
- Ability to have a max rate per flow. We might add a socket option
to add per socket limitation.
Attempts have been made to add TCP pacing in TCP stack, but this
seems to add complex code to an already complex stack.
TCP pacing is welcomed for flows having idle times, as the cwnd
permits TCP stack to queue a possibly large number of packets.
This removes the 'slow start after idle' choice, hitting badly
large BDP flows, and applications delivering chunks of data
as video streams.
Nicely spaced packets :
Here interface is 10Gbit, but flow bottleneck is ~20Mbit
cwin is big, yet FQ avoids the typical bursts generated by TCP
(as in netperf TCP_RR -- -r 100000,100000)
15:01:23.545279 IP A > B: . 78193:81089(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.545394 IP B > A: . ack 81089 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597985 1115>
15:01:23.546488 IP A > B: . 81089:83985(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.546565 IP B > A: . ack 83985 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597986 1115>
15:01:23.547713 IP A > B: . 83985:86881(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.547778 IP B > A: . ack 86881 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597987 1115>
15:01:23.548911 IP A > B: . 86881:89777(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.548949 IP B > A: . ack 89777 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597988 1115>
15:01:23.550116 IP A > B: . 89777:92673(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.550182 IP B > A: . ack 92673 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597989 1115>
15:01:23.551333 IP A > B: . 92673:95569(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.551406 IP B > A: . ack 95569 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597991 1115>
15:01:23.552539 IP A > B: . 95569:98465(2896) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.552576 IP B > A: . ack 98465 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597992 1115>
15:01:23.553756 IP A > B: . 98465:99913(1448) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.554138 IP A > B: P 99913:100001(88) ack 65248 win 3125 <nop,nop,timestamp 1115 11597805>
15:01:23.554204 IP B > A: . ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.554234 IP B > A: . 65248:68144(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.555620 IP B > A: . 68144:71040(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.557005 IP B > A: . 71040:73936(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.558390 IP B > A: . 73936:76832(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.559773 IP B > A: . 76832:79728(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597993 1115>
15:01:23.561158 IP B > A: . 79728:82624(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.562543 IP B > A: . 82624:85520(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.563928 IP B > A: . 85520:88416(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.565313 IP B > A: . 88416:91312(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.566698 IP B > A: . 91312:94208(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.568083 IP B > A: . 94208:97104(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.569467 IP B > A: . 97104:100000(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.570852 IP B > A: . 100000:102896(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.572237 IP B > A: . 102896:105792(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.573639 IP B > A: . 105792:108688(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.575024 IP B > A: . 108688:111584(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.576408 IP B > A: . 111584:114480(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
15:01:23.577793 IP B > A: . 114480:117376(2896) ack 100001 win 3668 <nop,nop,timestamp 11597994 1115>
TCP timestamps show that most packets from B were queued in the same ms
timeframe (TSval 1159799{3,4}), but FQ managed to send them right
in time to avoid a big burst.
In slow start or steady state, very few packets are throttled [1]
FQ gets a bunch of tunables as :
limit : max number of packets on whole Qdisc (default 10000)
flow_limit : max number of packets per flow (default 100)
quantum : the credit per RR round (default is 2 MTU)
initial_quantum : initial credit for new flows (default is 10 MTU)
maxrate : max per flow rate (default : unlimited)
buckets : number of RB trees (default : 1024) in hash table.
(consumes 8 bytes per bucket)
[no]pacing : disable/enable pacing (default is enable)
All of them can be changed on a live qdisc.
$ tc qd add dev eth0 root fq help
Usage: ... fq [ limit PACKETS ] [ flow_limit PACKETS ]
[ quantum BYTES ] [ initial_quantum BYTES ]
[ maxrate RATE ] [ buckets NUMBER ]
[ [no]pacing ]
$ tc -s -d qd
qdisc fq 8002: dev eth0 root refcnt 32 limit 10000p flow_limit 100p buckets 256 quantum 3028 initial_quantum 15140
Sent 216532416 bytes 148395 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 14)
backlog 0b 0p requeues 14
511 flows, 511 inactive, 0 throttled
110 gc, 0 highprio, 0 retrans, 1143 throttled, 0 flows_plimit
[1] Except if initial srtt is overestimated, as if using
cached srtt in tcp metrics. We'll provide a fix for this issue.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Cc: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-08-30 02:49:55 +04:00
config NET_SCH_FQ
tristate "Fair Queue"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the FQ packet scheduling algorithm.
FQ does flow separation, and is able to respect pacing requirements
set by TCP stack into sk->sk_pacing_rate (for localy generated
traffic)
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_fq.
If unsure, say N.
net-qdisc-hhf: Heavy-Hitter Filter (HHF) qdisc
This patch implements the first size-based qdisc that attempts to
differentiate between small flows and heavy-hitters. The goal is to
catch the heavy-hitters and move them to a separate queue with less
priority so that bulk traffic does not affect the latency of critical
traffic. Currently "less priority" means less weight (2:1 in
particular) in a Weighted Deficit Round Robin (WDRR) scheduler.
In essence, this patch addresses the "delay-bloat" problem due to
bloated buffers. In some systems, large queues may be necessary for
obtaining CPU efficiency, or due to the presence of unresponsive
traffic like UDP, or just a large number of connections with each
having a small amount of outstanding traffic. In these circumstances,
HHF aims to reduce the HoL blocking for latency sensitive traffic,
while not impacting the queues built up by bulk traffic. HHF can also
be used in conjunction with other AQM mechanisms such as CoDel.
To capture heavy-hitters, we implement the "multi-stage filter" design
in the following paper:
C. Estan and G. Varghese, "New Directions in Traffic Measurement and
Accounting", in ACM SIGCOMM, 2002.
Some configurable qdisc settings through 'tc':
- hhf_reset_timeout: period to reset counter values in the multi-stage
filter (default 40ms)
- hhf_admit_bytes: threshold to classify heavy-hitters
(default 128KB)
- hhf_evict_timeout: threshold to evict idle heavy-hitters
(default 1s)
- hhf_non_hh_weight: Weighted Deficit Round Robin (WDRR) weight for
non-heavy-hitters (default 2)
- hh_flows_limit: max number of heavy-hitter flow entries
(default 2048)
Note that the ratio between hhf_admit_bytes and hhf_reset_timeout
reflects the bandwidth of heavy-hitters that we attempt to capture
(25Mbps with the above default settings).
The false negative rate (heavy-hitter flows getting away unclassified)
is zero by the design of the multi-stage filter algorithm.
With 100 heavy-hitter flows, using four hashes and 4000 counters yields
a false positive rate (non-heavy-hitters mistakenly classified as
heavy-hitters) of less than 1e-4.
Signed-off-by: Terry Lam <vtlam@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-12-15 12:30:21 +04:00
config NET_SCH_HHF
tristate "Heavy-Hitter Filter (HHF)"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Heavy-Hitter Filter (HHF)
packet scheduling algorithm.
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_hhf.
net: pkt_sched: PIE AQM scheme
Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE) is a scheduler to address the
bufferbloat problem.
>From the IETF draft below:
" Bufferbloat is a phenomenon where excess buffers in the network cause high
latency and jitter. As more and more interactive applications (e.g. voice over
IP, real time video streaming and financial transactions) run in the Internet,
high latency and jitter degrade application performance. There is a pressing
need to design intelligent queue management schemes that can control latency and
jitter; and hence provide desirable quality of service to users.
We present here a lightweight design, PIE(Proportional Integral controller
Enhanced) that can effectively control the average queueing latency to a target
value. Simulation results, theoretical analysis and Linux testbed results have
shown that PIE can ensure low latency and achieve high link utilization under
various congestion situations. The design does not require per-packet
timestamp, so it incurs very small overhead and is simple enough to implement
in both hardware and software. "
Many thanks to Dave Taht for extensive feedback, reviews, testing and
suggestions. Thanks also to Stephen Hemminger and Eric Dumazet for reviews and
suggestions. Naeem Khademi and Dave Taht independently contributed to ECN
support.
For more information, please see technical paper about PIE in the IEEE
Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing 2013. A copy of the paper
can be found at ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/pie/.
Please also refer to the IETF draft submission at
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pan-tsvwg-pie-00
All relevant code, documents and test scripts and results can be found at
ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/pie/.
For problems with the iproute2/tc or Linux kernel code, please contact Vijay
Subramanian (vijaynsu@cisco.com or subramanian.vijay@gmail.com) Mythili Prabhu
(mysuryan@cisco.com)
Signed-off-by: Vijay Subramanian <subramanian.vijay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mythili Prabhu <mysuryan@cisco.com>
CC: Dave Taht <dave.taht@bufferbloat.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2014-01-05 05:33:55 +04:00
config NET_SCH_PIE
tristate "Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE) scheduler"
help
Say Y here if you want to use the Proportional Integral controller
Enhanced scheduler packet scheduling algorithm.
For more information, please see
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pan-tsvwg-pie-00
To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
will be called sch_pie.
If unsure, say N.
2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
config NET_SCH_INGRESS
net, sched: add clsact qdisc
This work adds a generalization of the ingress qdisc as a qdisc holding
only classifiers. The clsact qdisc works on ingress, but also on egress.
In both cases, it's execution happens without taking the qdisc lock, and
the main difference for the egress part compared to prior version of [1]
is that this can be applied with _any_ underlying real egress qdisc (also
classless ones).
Besides solving the use-case of [1], that is, allowing for more programmability
on assigning skb->priority for the mqprio case that is supported by most
popular 10G+ NICs, it also opens up a lot more flexibility for other tc
applications. The main work on classification can already be done at clsact
egress time if the use-case allows and state stored for later retrieval
f.e. again in skb->priority with major/minors (which is checked by most
classful qdiscs before consulting tc_classify()) and/or in other skb fields
like skb->tc_index for some light-weight post-processing to get to the
eventual classid in case of a classful qdisc. Another use case is that
the clsact egress part allows to have a central egress counterpart to
the ingress classifiers, so that classifiers can easily share state (e.g.
in cls_bpf via eBPF maps) for ingress and egress.
Currently, default setups like mq + pfifo_fast would require for this to
use, for example, prio qdisc instead (to get a tc_classify() run) and to
duplicate the egress classifier for each queue. With clsact, it allows
for leaving the setup as is, it can additionally assign skb->priority to
put the skb in one of pfifo_fast's bands and it can share state with maps.
Moreover, we can access the skb's dst entry (f.e. to retrieve tclassid)
w/o the need to perform a skb_dst_force() to hold on to it any longer. In
lwt case, we can also use this facility to setup dst metadata via cls_bpf
(bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key()) without needing a real egress qdisc just for
that (case of IFF_NO_QUEUE devices, for example).
The realization can be done without any changes to the scheduler core
framework. All it takes is that we have two a-priori defined minors/child
classes, where we can mux between ingress and egress classifier list
(dev->ingress_cl_list and dev->egress_cl_list, latter stored close to
dev->_tx to avoid extra cacheline miss for moderate loads). The egress
part is a bit similar modelled to handle_ing() and patched to a noop in
case the functionality is not used. Both handlers are now called
sch_handle_ingress() and sch_handle_egress(), code sharing among the two
doesn't seem practical as there are various minor differences in both
paths, so that making them conditional in a single handler would rather
slow things down.
Full compatibility to ingress qdisc is provided as well. Since both
piggyback on TC_H_CLSACT, only one of them (ingress/clsact) can exist
per netdevice, and thus ingress qdisc specific behaviour can be retained
for user space. This means, either a user does 'tc qdisc add dev foo ingress'
and configures ingress qdisc as usual, or the 'tc qdisc add dev foo clsact'
alternative, where both, ingress and egress classifier can be configured
as in the below example. ingress qdisc supports attaching classifier to any
minor number whereas clsact has two fixed minors for muxing between the
lists, therefore to not break user space setups, they are better done as
two separate qdiscs.
I decided to extend the sch_ingress module with clsact functionality so
that commonly used code can be reused, the module is being aliased with
sch_clsact so that it can be auto-loaded properly. Alternative would have been
to add a flag when initializing ingress to alter its behaviour plus aliasing
to a different name (as it's more than just ingress). However, the first would
end up, based on the flag, choosing the new/old behaviour by calling different
function implementations to handle each anyway, the latter would require to
register ingress qdisc once again under different alias. So, this really begs
to provide a minimal, cleaner approach to have Qdisc_ops and Qdisc_class_ops
by its own that share callbacks used by both.
Example, adding qdisc:
# tc qdisc add dev foo clsact
# tc qdisc show dev foo
qdisc mq 0: root
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :1 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :2 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :3 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :4 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc clsact ffff: parent ffff:fff1
Adding filters (deleting, etc works analogous by specifying ingress/egress):
# tc filter add dev foo ingress bpf da obj bar.o sec ingress
# tc filter add dev foo egress bpf da obj bar.o sec egress
# tc filter show dev foo ingress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[ingress] direct-action
# tc filter show dev foo egress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[egress] direct-action
A 'tc filter show dev foo' or 'tc filter show dev foo parent ffff:' will
show an empty list for clsact. Either using the parent names (ingress/egress)
or specifying the full major/minor will then show the related filter lists.
Prior work on a mqprio prequeue() facility [1] was done mainly by John Fastabend.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/512949/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2016-01-08 00:29:47 +03:00
tristate "Ingress/classifier-action Qdisc"
2008-02-01 03:57:15 +03:00
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
2015-05-13 19:19:37 +03:00
select NET_INGRESS
net, sched: add clsact qdisc
This work adds a generalization of the ingress qdisc as a qdisc holding
only classifiers. The clsact qdisc works on ingress, but also on egress.
In both cases, it's execution happens without taking the qdisc lock, and
the main difference for the egress part compared to prior version of [1]
is that this can be applied with _any_ underlying real egress qdisc (also
classless ones).
Besides solving the use-case of [1], that is, allowing for more programmability
on assigning skb->priority for the mqprio case that is supported by most
popular 10G+ NICs, it also opens up a lot more flexibility for other tc
applications. The main work on classification can already be done at clsact
egress time if the use-case allows and state stored for later retrieval
f.e. again in skb->priority with major/minors (which is checked by most
classful qdiscs before consulting tc_classify()) and/or in other skb fields
like skb->tc_index for some light-weight post-processing to get to the
eventual classid in case of a classful qdisc. Another use case is that
the clsact egress part allows to have a central egress counterpart to
the ingress classifiers, so that classifiers can easily share state (e.g.
in cls_bpf via eBPF maps) for ingress and egress.
Currently, default setups like mq + pfifo_fast would require for this to
use, for example, prio qdisc instead (to get a tc_classify() run) and to
duplicate the egress classifier for each queue. With clsact, it allows
for leaving the setup as is, it can additionally assign skb->priority to
put the skb in one of pfifo_fast's bands and it can share state with maps.
Moreover, we can access the skb's dst entry (f.e. to retrieve tclassid)
w/o the need to perform a skb_dst_force() to hold on to it any longer. In
lwt case, we can also use this facility to setup dst metadata via cls_bpf
(bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key()) without needing a real egress qdisc just for
that (case of IFF_NO_QUEUE devices, for example).
The realization can be done without any changes to the scheduler core
framework. All it takes is that we have two a-priori defined minors/child
classes, where we can mux between ingress and egress classifier list
(dev->ingress_cl_list and dev->egress_cl_list, latter stored close to
dev->_tx to avoid extra cacheline miss for moderate loads). The egress
part is a bit similar modelled to handle_ing() and patched to a noop in
case the functionality is not used. Both handlers are now called
sch_handle_ingress() and sch_handle_egress(), code sharing among the two
doesn't seem practical as there are various minor differences in both
paths, so that making them conditional in a single handler would rather
slow things down.
Full compatibility to ingress qdisc is provided as well. Since both
piggyback on TC_H_CLSACT, only one of them (ingress/clsact) can exist
per netdevice, and thus ingress qdisc specific behaviour can be retained
for user space. This means, either a user does 'tc qdisc add dev foo ingress'
and configures ingress qdisc as usual, or the 'tc qdisc add dev foo clsact'
alternative, where both, ingress and egress classifier can be configured
as in the below example. ingress qdisc supports attaching classifier to any
minor number whereas clsact has two fixed minors for muxing between the
lists, therefore to not break user space setups, they are better done as
two separate qdiscs.
I decided to extend the sch_ingress module with clsact functionality so
that commonly used code can be reused, the module is being aliased with
sch_clsact so that it can be auto-loaded properly. Alternative would have been
to add a flag when initializing ingress to alter its behaviour plus aliasing
to a different name (as it's more than just ingress). However, the first would
end up, based on the flag, choosing the new/old behaviour by calling different
function implementations to handle each anyway, the latter would require to
register ingress qdisc once again under different alias. So, this really begs
to provide a minimal, cleaner approach to have Qdisc_ops and Qdisc_class_ops
by its own that share callbacks used by both.
Example, adding qdisc:
# tc qdisc add dev foo clsact
# tc qdisc show dev foo
qdisc mq 0: root
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :1 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :2 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :3 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :4 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc clsact ffff: parent ffff:fff1
Adding filters (deleting, etc works analogous by specifying ingress/egress):
# tc filter add dev foo ingress bpf da obj bar.o sec ingress
# tc filter add dev foo egress bpf da obj bar.o sec egress
# tc filter show dev foo ingress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[ingress] direct-action
# tc filter show dev foo egress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[egress] direct-action
A 'tc filter show dev foo' or 'tc filter show dev foo parent ffff:' will
show an empty list for clsact. Either using the parent names (ingress/egress)
or specifying the full major/minor will then show the related filter lists.
Prior work on a mqprio prequeue() facility [1] was done mainly by John Fastabend.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/512949/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2016-01-08 00:29:47 +03:00
select NET_EGRESS
2005-11-01 17:13:02 +03:00
---help---
net, sched: add clsact qdisc
This work adds a generalization of the ingress qdisc as a qdisc holding
only classifiers. The clsact qdisc works on ingress, but also on egress.
In both cases, it's execution happens without taking the qdisc lock, and
the main difference for the egress part compared to prior version of [1]
is that this can be applied with _any_ underlying real egress qdisc (also
classless ones).
Besides solving the use-case of [1], that is, allowing for more programmability
on assigning skb->priority for the mqprio case that is supported by most
popular 10G+ NICs, it also opens up a lot more flexibility for other tc
applications. The main work on classification can already be done at clsact
egress time if the use-case allows and state stored for later retrieval
f.e. again in skb->priority with major/minors (which is checked by most
classful qdiscs before consulting tc_classify()) and/or in other skb fields
like skb->tc_index for some light-weight post-processing to get to the
eventual classid in case of a classful qdisc. Another use case is that
the clsact egress part allows to have a central egress counterpart to
the ingress classifiers, so that classifiers can easily share state (e.g.
in cls_bpf via eBPF maps) for ingress and egress.
Currently, default setups like mq + pfifo_fast would require for this to
use, for example, prio qdisc instead (to get a tc_classify() run) and to
duplicate the egress classifier for each queue. With clsact, it allows
for leaving the setup as is, it can additionally assign skb->priority to
put the skb in one of pfifo_fast's bands and it can share state with maps.
Moreover, we can access the skb's dst entry (f.e. to retrieve tclassid)
w/o the need to perform a skb_dst_force() to hold on to it any longer. In
lwt case, we can also use this facility to setup dst metadata via cls_bpf
(bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key()) without needing a real egress qdisc just for
that (case of IFF_NO_QUEUE devices, for example).
The realization can be done without any changes to the scheduler core
framework. All it takes is that we have two a-priori defined minors/child
classes, where we can mux between ingress and egress classifier list
(dev->ingress_cl_list and dev->egress_cl_list, latter stored close to
dev->_tx to avoid extra cacheline miss for moderate loads). The egress
part is a bit similar modelled to handle_ing() and patched to a noop in
case the functionality is not used. Both handlers are now called
sch_handle_ingress() and sch_handle_egress(), code sharing among the two
doesn't seem practical as there are various minor differences in both
paths, so that making them conditional in a single handler would rather
slow things down.
Full compatibility to ingress qdisc is provided as well. Since both
piggyback on TC_H_CLSACT, only one of them (ingress/clsact) can exist
per netdevice, and thus ingress qdisc specific behaviour can be retained
for user space. This means, either a user does 'tc qdisc add dev foo ingress'
and configures ingress qdisc as usual, or the 'tc qdisc add dev foo clsact'
alternative, where both, ingress and egress classifier can be configured
as in the below example. ingress qdisc supports attaching classifier to any
minor number whereas clsact has two fixed minors for muxing between the
lists, therefore to not break user space setups, they are better done as
two separate qdiscs.
I decided to extend the sch_ingress module with clsact functionality so
that commonly used code can be reused, the module is being aliased with
sch_clsact so that it can be auto-loaded properly. Alternative would have been
to add a flag when initializing ingress to alter its behaviour plus aliasing
to a different name (as it's more than just ingress). However, the first would
end up, based on the flag, choosing the new/old behaviour by calling different
function implementations to handle each anyway, the latter would require to
register ingress qdisc once again under different alias. So, this really begs
to provide a minimal, cleaner approach to have Qdisc_ops and Qdisc_class_ops
by its own that share callbacks used by both.
Example, adding qdisc:
# tc qdisc add dev foo clsact
# tc qdisc show dev foo
qdisc mq 0: root
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :1 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :2 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :3 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :4 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc clsact ffff: parent ffff:fff1
Adding filters (deleting, etc works analogous by specifying ingress/egress):
# tc filter add dev foo ingress bpf da obj bar.o sec ingress
# tc filter add dev foo egress bpf da obj bar.o sec egress
# tc filter show dev foo ingress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[ingress] direct-action
# tc filter show dev foo egress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[egress] direct-action
A 'tc filter show dev foo' or 'tc filter show dev foo parent ffff:' will
show an empty list for clsact. Either using the parent names (ingress/egress)
or specifying the full major/minor will then show the related filter lists.
Prior work on a mqprio prequeue() facility [1] was done mainly by John Fastabend.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/512949/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2016-01-08 00:29:47 +03:00
Say Y here if you want to use classifiers for incoming and/or outgoing
packets. This qdisc doesn't do anything else besides running classifiers,
which can also have actions attached to them. In case of outgoing packets,
classifiers that this qdisc holds are executed in the transmit path
before real enqueuing to an egress qdisc happens.
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If unsure, say Y.
net, sched: add clsact qdisc
This work adds a generalization of the ingress qdisc as a qdisc holding
only classifiers. The clsact qdisc works on ingress, but also on egress.
In both cases, it's execution happens without taking the qdisc lock, and
the main difference for the egress part compared to prior version of [1]
is that this can be applied with _any_ underlying real egress qdisc (also
classless ones).
Besides solving the use-case of [1], that is, allowing for more programmability
on assigning skb->priority for the mqprio case that is supported by most
popular 10G+ NICs, it also opens up a lot more flexibility for other tc
applications. The main work on classification can already be done at clsact
egress time if the use-case allows and state stored for later retrieval
f.e. again in skb->priority with major/minors (which is checked by most
classful qdiscs before consulting tc_classify()) and/or in other skb fields
like skb->tc_index for some light-weight post-processing to get to the
eventual classid in case of a classful qdisc. Another use case is that
the clsact egress part allows to have a central egress counterpart to
the ingress classifiers, so that classifiers can easily share state (e.g.
in cls_bpf via eBPF maps) for ingress and egress.
Currently, default setups like mq + pfifo_fast would require for this to
use, for example, prio qdisc instead (to get a tc_classify() run) and to
duplicate the egress classifier for each queue. With clsact, it allows
for leaving the setup as is, it can additionally assign skb->priority to
put the skb in one of pfifo_fast's bands and it can share state with maps.
Moreover, we can access the skb's dst entry (f.e. to retrieve tclassid)
w/o the need to perform a skb_dst_force() to hold on to it any longer. In
lwt case, we can also use this facility to setup dst metadata via cls_bpf
(bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key()) without needing a real egress qdisc just for
that (case of IFF_NO_QUEUE devices, for example).
The realization can be done without any changes to the scheduler core
framework. All it takes is that we have two a-priori defined minors/child
classes, where we can mux between ingress and egress classifier list
(dev->ingress_cl_list and dev->egress_cl_list, latter stored close to
dev->_tx to avoid extra cacheline miss for moderate loads). The egress
part is a bit similar modelled to handle_ing() and patched to a noop in
case the functionality is not used. Both handlers are now called
sch_handle_ingress() and sch_handle_egress(), code sharing among the two
doesn't seem practical as there are various minor differences in both
paths, so that making them conditional in a single handler would rather
slow things down.
Full compatibility to ingress qdisc is provided as well. Since both
piggyback on TC_H_CLSACT, only one of them (ingress/clsact) can exist
per netdevice, and thus ingress qdisc specific behaviour can be retained
for user space. This means, either a user does 'tc qdisc add dev foo ingress'
and configures ingress qdisc as usual, or the 'tc qdisc add dev foo clsact'
alternative, where both, ingress and egress classifier can be configured
as in the below example. ingress qdisc supports attaching classifier to any
minor number whereas clsact has two fixed minors for muxing between the
lists, therefore to not break user space setups, they are better done as
two separate qdiscs.
I decided to extend the sch_ingress module with clsact functionality so
that commonly used code can be reused, the module is being aliased with
sch_clsact so that it can be auto-loaded properly. Alternative would have been
to add a flag when initializing ingress to alter its behaviour plus aliasing
to a different name (as it's more than just ingress). However, the first would
end up, based on the flag, choosing the new/old behaviour by calling different
function implementations to handle each anyway, the latter would require to
register ingress qdisc once again under different alias. So, this really begs
to provide a minimal, cleaner approach to have Qdisc_ops and Qdisc_class_ops
by its own that share callbacks used by both.
Example, adding qdisc:
# tc qdisc add dev foo clsact
# tc qdisc show dev foo
qdisc mq 0: root
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :1 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :2 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :3 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: parent :4 bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
qdisc clsact ffff: parent ffff:fff1
Adding filters (deleting, etc works analogous by specifying ingress/egress):
# tc filter add dev foo ingress bpf da obj bar.o sec ingress
# tc filter add dev foo egress bpf da obj bar.o sec egress
# tc filter show dev foo ingress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[ingress] direct-action
# tc filter show dev foo egress
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf
filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf handle 0x1 bar.o:[egress] direct-action
A 'tc filter show dev foo' or 'tc filter show dev foo parent ffff:' will
show an empty list for clsact. Either using the parent names (ingress/egress)
or specifying the full major/minor will then show the related filter lists.
Prior work on a mqprio prequeue() facility [1] was done mainly by John Fastabend.
[1] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/512949/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2016-01-08 00:29:47 +03:00
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will be
called sch_ingress with alias of sch_clsact.
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2012-02-05 17:51:32 +04:00
config NET_SCH_PLUG
tristate "Plug network traffic until release (PLUG)"
---help---
This queuing discipline allows userspace to plug/unplug a network
output queue, using the netlink interface. When it receives an
enqueue command it inserts a plug into the outbound queue that
causes following packets to enqueue until a dequeue command arrives
over netlink, causing the plug to be removed and resuming the normal
packet flow.
This module also provides a generic "network output buffering"
functionality (aka output commit), wherein upon arrival of a dequeue
command, only packets up to the first plug are released for delivery.
The Remus HA project uses this module to enable speculative execution
of virtual machines by allowing the generated network output to be rolled
back if needed.
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For more information, please refer to <http://wiki.xenproject.org/wiki/Remus>
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Say Y here if you are using this kernel for Xen dom0 and
want to protect Xen guests with Remus.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called sch_plug.
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menuconfig NET_SCH_DEFAULT
bool "Allow override default queue discipline"
---help---
Support for selection of default queuing discipline.
Nearly all users can safely say no here, and the default
of pfifo_fast will be used. Many distributions already set
the default value via /proc/sys/net/core/default_qdisc.
If unsure, say N.
if NET_SCH_DEFAULT
choice
prompt "Default queuing discipline"
default DEFAULT_PFIFO_FAST
help
Select the queueing discipline that will be used by default
for all network devices.
config DEFAULT_FQ
bool "Fair Queue" if NET_SCH_FQ
config DEFAULT_CODEL
bool "Controlled Delay" if NET_SCH_CODEL
config DEFAULT_FQ_CODEL
bool "Fair Queue Controlled Delay" if NET_SCH_FQ_CODEL
config DEFAULT_SFQ
bool "Stochastic Fair Queue" if NET_SCH_SFQ
config DEFAULT_PFIFO_FAST
bool "Priority FIFO Fast"
endchoice
config DEFAULT_NET_SCH
string
default "pfifo_fast" if DEFAULT_PFIFO_FAST
default "fq" if DEFAULT_FQ
default "fq_codel" if DEFAULT_FQ_CODEL
default "sfq" if DEFAULT_SFQ
default "pfifo_fast"
endif
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comment "Classification"
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config NET_CLS
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bool
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config NET_CLS_BASIC
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tristate "Elementary classification (BASIC)"
select NET_CLS
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets using
only extended matches and actions.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_basic.
config NET_CLS_TCINDEX
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tristate "Traffic-Control Index (TCINDEX)"
select NET_CLS
---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
traffic control indices. You will want this feature if you want
to implement Differentiated Services together with DSMARK.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_tcindex.
config NET_CLS_ROUTE4
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tristate "Routing decision (ROUTE)"
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depends on INET
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select IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
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select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets
according to the route table entry they matched.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_route.
config NET_CLS_FW
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tristate "Netfilter mark (FW)"
select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets
according to netfilter/firewall marks.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_fw.
config NET_CLS_U32
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tristate "Universal 32bit comparisons w/ hashing (U32)"
select NET_CLS
---help---
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Say Y here to be able to classify packets using a universal
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32bit pieces based comparison scheme.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_u32.
config CLS_U32_PERF
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bool "Performance counters support"
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depends on NET_CLS_U32
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---help---
Say Y here to make u32 gather additional statistics useful for
fine tuning u32 classifiers.
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config CLS_U32_MARK
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bool "Netfilter marks support"
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depends on NET_CLS_U32
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---help---
Say Y here to be able to use netfilter marks as u32 key.
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config NET_CLS_RSVP
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tristate "IPv4 Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)"
select NET_CLS
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---help---
The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) permits end systems to
request a minimum and maximum data flow rate for a connection; this
is important for real time data such as streaming sound or video.
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify outgoing packets based
on their RSVP requests.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_rsvp.
config NET_CLS_RSVP6
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tristate "IPv6 Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP6)"
select NET_CLS
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---help---
The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) permits end systems to
request a minimum and maximum data flow rate for a connection; this
is important for real time data such as streaming sound or video.
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify outgoing packets based
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on their RSVP requests and you are using the IPv6 protocol.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_rsvp6.
[NET_SCHED]: Add flow classifier
Add new "flow" classifier, which is meant to extend the SFQ hashing
capabilities without hard-coding new hash functions and also allows
deterministic mappings of keys to classes, replacing some out of tree
iptables patches like IPCLASSIFY (maps IPs to classes), IPMARK (maps
IPs to marks, with fw filters to classes), ...
Some examples:
- Classic SFQ hash:
tc filter add ... flow hash \
keys src,dst,proto,proto-src,proto-dst divisor 1024
- Classic SFQ hash, but using information from conntrack to work properly in
combination with NAT:
tc filter add ... flow hash \
keys nfct-src,nfct-dst,proto,nfct-proto-src,nfct-proto-dst divisor 1024
- Map destination IPs of 192.168.0.0/24 to classids 1-257:
tc filter add ... flow map \
key dst addend -192.168.0.0 divisor 256
- alternatively:
tc filter add ... flow map \
key dst and 0xff
- similar, but reverse ordered:
tc filter add ... flow map \
key dst and 0xff xor 0xff
Perturbation is currently not supported because we can't reliable kill the
timer on destruction.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2008-02-01 05:37:42 +03:00
config NET_CLS_FLOW
tristate "Flow classifier"
select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets based on
a configurable combination of packet keys. This is mostly useful
in combination with SFQ.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_flow.
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config NET_CLS_CGROUP
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tristate "Control Group Classifier"
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select NET_CLS
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select CGROUP_NET_CLASSID
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depends on CGROUPS
---help---
Say Y here if you want to classify packets based on the control
cgroup of their process.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called cls_cgroup.
net: sched: cls_bpf: add BPF-based classifier
This work contains a lightweight BPF-based traffic classifier that can
serve as a flexible alternative to ematch-based tree classification, i.e.
now that BPF filter engine can also be JITed in the kernel. Naturally, tc
actions and policies are supported as well with cls_bpf. Multiple BPF
programs/filter can be attached for a class, or they can just as well be
written within a single BPF program, that's really up to the user how he
wishes to run/optimize the code, e.g. also for inversion of verdicts etc.
The notion of a BPF program's return/exit codes is being kept as follows:
0: No match
-1: Select classid given in "tc filter ..." command
else: flowid, overwrite the default one
As a minimal usage example with iproute2, we use a 3 band prio root qdisc
on a router with sfq each as leave, and assign ssh and icmp bpf-based
filters to band 1, http traffic to band 2 and the rest to band 3. For the
first two bands we load the bytecode from a file, in the 2nd we load it
inline as an example:
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable
tc qdisc del dev em1 root
tc qdisc add dev em1 root handle 1: prio bands 3 priomap 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:1 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:2 sfq perturb 16
tc qdisc add dev em1 parent 1:3 sfq perturb 16
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/ssh.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/icmp.bpf flowid 1:1
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode-file /etc/tc/http.bpf flowid 1:2
tc filter add dev em1 parent 1: bpf run bytecode "`bpfc -f tc -i misc.ops`" flowid 1:3
BPF programs can be easily created and passed to tc, either as inline
'bytecode' or 'bytecode-file'. There are a couple of front-ends that can
compile opcodes, for example:
1) People familiar with tcpdump-like filters:
tcpdump -iem1 -ddd port 22 | tr '\n' ',' > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf
2) People that want to low-level program their filters or use BPF
extensions that lack support by libpcap's compiler:
bpfc -f tc -i ssh.ops > /etc/tc/ssh.bpf
ssh.ops example code:
ldh [12]
jne #0x800, drop
ldb [23]
jneq #6, drop
ldh [20]
jset #0x1fff, drop
ldxb 4 * ([14] & 0xf)
ldh [%x + 14]
jeq #0x16, pass
ldh [%x + 16]
jne #0x16, drop
pass: ret #-1
drop: ret #0
It was chosen to load bytecode into tc, since the reverse operation,
tc filter list dev em1, is then able to show the exact commands again.
Possible follow-up work could also include a small expression compiler
for iproute2. Tested with the help of bmon. This idea came up during
the Netfilter Workshop 2013 in Copenhagen. Also thanks to feedback from
Eric Dumazet!
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-10-28 19:43:02 +04:00
config NET_CLS_BPF
tristate "BPF-based classifier"
select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets based on
programmable BPF (JIT'ed) filters as an alternative to ematches.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
be called cls_bpf.
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config NET_CLS_FLOWER
tristate "Flower classifier"
select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets based on
a configurable combination of packet keys and masks.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
be called cls_flower.
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config NET_CLS_MATCHALL
tristate "Match-all classifier"
select NET_CLS
---help---
If you say Y here, you will be able to classify packets based on
nothing. Every packet will match.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
be called cls_matchall.
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config NET_EMATCH
bool "Extended Matches"
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select NET_CLS
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to use extended matches on top of classifiers
and select the extended matches below.
Extended matches are small classification helpers not worth writing
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a separate classifier for.
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A recent version of the iproute2 package is required to use
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extended matches.
config NET_EMATCH_STACK
int "Stack size"
depends on NET_EMATCH
default "32"
---help---
Size of the local stack variable used while evaluating the tree of
ematches. Limits the depth of the tree, i.e. the number of
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encapsulated precedences. Every level requires 4 bytes of additional
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stack space.
config NET_EMATCH_CMP
tristate "Simple packet data comparison"
depends on NET_EMATCH
---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
simple packet data comparisons for 8, 16, and 32bit values.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_cmp.
config NET_EMATCH_NBYTE
tristate "Multi byte comparison"
depends on NET_EMATCH
---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
multiple byte comparisons mainly useful for IPv6 address comparisons.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_nbyte.
config NET_EMATCH_U32
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tristate "U32 key"
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depends on NET_EMATCH
---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets using
the famous u32 key in combination with logic relations.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_u32.
config NET_EMATCH_META
tristate "Metadata"
depends on NET_EMATCH
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
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metadata such as load average, netfilter attributes, socket
attributes and routing decisions.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_meta.
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config NET_EMATCH_TEXT
tristate "Textsearch"
depends on NET_EMATCH
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select TEXTSEARCH
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select TEXTSEARCH_KMP
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select TEXTSEARCH_BM
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select TEXTSEARCH_FSM
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---help---
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Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
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textsearch comparisons.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_text.
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config NET_EMATCH_CANID
tristate "CAN Identifier"
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depends on NET_EMATCH && (CAN=y || CAN=m)
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---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify CAN frames based
on CAN Identifier.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_canid.
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config NET_EMATCH_IPSET
tristate "IPset"
depends on NET_EMATCH && IP_SET
---help---
Say Y here if you want to be able to classify packets based on
ipset membership.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_ipset.
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config NET_EMATCH_IPT
tristate "IPtables Matches"
depends on NET_EMATCH && NETFILTER && NETFILTER_XTABLES
---help---
Say Y here to be able to classify packets based on iptables
matches.
Current supported match is "policy" which allows packet classification
based on IPsec policy that was used during decapsulation
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called em_ipt.
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config NET_CLS_ACT
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bool "Actions"
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select NET_CLS
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---help---
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Say Y here if you want to use traffic control actions. Actions
get attached to classifiers and are invoked after a successful
classification. They are used to overwrite the classification
result, instantly drop or redirect packets, etc.
A recent version of the iproute2 package is required to use
extended matches.
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config NET_ACT_POLICE
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tristate "Traffic Policing"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to do traffic policing, i.e. strict
bandwidth limiting. This action replaces the existing policing
module.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_police.
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config NET_ACT_GACT
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tristate "Generic actions"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
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Say Y here to take generic actions such as dropping and
accepting packets.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_gact.
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config GACT_PROB
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bool "Probability support"
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depends on NET_ACT_GACT
---help---
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Say Y here to use the generic action randomly or deterministically.
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config NET_ACT_MIRRED
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tristate "Redirecting and Mirroring"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
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Say Y here to allow packets to be mirrored or redirected to
other devices.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_mirred.
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config NET_ACT_SAMPLE
tristate "Traffic Sampling"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
select PSAMPLE
---help---
Say Y here to allow packet sampling tc action. The packet sample
action consists of statistically choosing packets and sampling
them using the psample module.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_sample.
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config NET_ACT_IPT
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tristate "IPtables targets"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT && NETFILTER && IP_NF_IPTABLES
---help---
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Say Y here to be able to invoke iptables targets after successful
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classification.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_ipt.
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config NET_ACT_NAT
tristate "Stateless NAT"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to do stateless NAT on IPv4 packets. You should use
netfilter for NAT unless you know what you are doing.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_nat.
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config NET_ACT_PEDIT
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tristate "Packet Editing"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
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Say Y here if you want to mangle the content of packets.
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To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_pedit.
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config NET_ACT_SIMP
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tristate "Simple Example (Debug)"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
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Say Y here to add a simple action for demonstration purposes.
It is meant as an example and for debugging purposes. It will
print a configured policy string followed by the packet count
to the console for every packet that passes by.
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_simple.
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config NET_ACT_SKBEDIT
tristate "SKB Editing"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to change skb priority or queue_mapping settings.
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
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module will be called act_skbedit.
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config NET_ACT_CSUM
tristate "Checksum Updating"
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depends on NET_CLS_ACT && INET
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select LIBCRC32C
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---help---
Say Y here to update some common checksum after some direct
packet alterations.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_csum.
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config NET_ACT_VLAN
tristate "Vlan manipulation"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to push or pop vlan headers.
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_vlan.
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config NET_ACT_BPF
tristate "BPF based action"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to execute BPF code on packets. The BPF code will decide
if the packet should be dropped or not.
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_bpf.
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config NET_ACT_CONNMARK
tristate "Netfilter Connection Mark Retriever"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT && NETFILTER && IP_NF_IPTABLES
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depends on NF_CONNTRACK && NF_CONNTRACK_MARK
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---help---
Say Y here to allow retrieving of conn mark
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_connmark.
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config NET_ACT_SKBMOD
tristate "skb data modification action"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to allow modification of skb data
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_skbmod.
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config NET_ACT_IFE
tristate "Inter-FE action based on IETF ForCES InterFE LFB"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
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select NET_IFE
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---help---
Say Y here to allow for sourcing and terminating metadata
For details refer to netdev01 paper:
"Distributing Linux Traffic Control Classifier-Action Subsystem"
Authors: Jamal Hadi Salim and Damascene M. Joachimpillai
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_ife.
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config NET_ACT_TUNNEL_KEY
tristate "IP tunnel metadata manipulation"
depends on NET_CLS_ACT
---help---
Say Y here to set/release ip tunnel metadata.
If unsure, say N.
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the
module will be called act_tunnel_key.
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config NET_IFE_SKBMARK
tristate "Support to encoding decoding skb mark on IFE action"
depends on NET_ACT_IFE
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config NET_IFE_SKBPRIO
tristate "Support to encoding decoding skb prio on IFE action"
depends on NET_ACT_IFE
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config NET_IFE_SKBTCINDEX
tristate "Support to encoding decoding skb tcindex on IFE action"
depends on NET_ACT_IFE
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config NET_CLS_IND
bool "Incoming device classification"
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depends on NET_CLS_U32 || NET_CLS_FW
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---help---
Say Y here to extend the u32 and fw classifier to support
classification based on the incoming device. This option is
likely to disappear in favour of the metadata ematch.
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endif # NET_SCHED
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config NET_SCH_FIFO
bool