linux/kernel/context_tracking.c

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* Context tracking: Probe on high level context boundaries such as kernel,
* userspace, guest or idle.
*
* This is used by RCU to remove its dependency on the timer tick while a CPU
* runs in idle, userspace or guest mode.
*
* User/guest tracking started by Frederic Weisbecker:
*
* Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc., Frederic Weisbecker
*
* Many thanks to Gilad Ben-Yossef, Paul McKenney, Ingo Molnar, Andrew Morton,
* Steven Rostedt, Peter Zijlstra for suggestions and improvements.
*
* RCU extended quiescent state bits imported from kernel/rcu/tree.c
* where the relevant authorship may be found.
*/
#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <trace/events/rcu.h>
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct context_tracking, context_tracking) = {
#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE
.dynticks_nesting = 1,
.dynticks_nmi_nesting = DYNTICK_IRQ_NONIDLE,
#endif
.state = ATOMIC_INIT(RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX),
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(context_tracking);
#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE
#define TPS(x) tracepoint_string(x)
/* Record the current task on dyntick-idle entry. */
static __always_inline void rcu_dynticks_task_enter(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_TASKS_RCU) && defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)
WRITE_ONCE(current->rcu_tasks_idle_cpu, smp_processor_id());
#endif /* #if defined(CONFIG_TASKS_RCU) && defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL) */
}
/* Record no current task on dyntick-idle exit. */
static __always_inline void rcu_dynticks_task_exit(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_TASKS_RCU) && defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)
WRITE_ONCE(current->rcu_tasks_idle_cpu, -1);
#endif /* #if defined(CONFIG_TASKS_RCU) && defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL) */
}
/* Turn on heavyweight RCU tasks trace readers on idle/user entry. */
static __always_inline void rcu_dynticks_task_trace_enter(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU_READ_MB))
current->trc_reader_special.b.need_mb = true;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU */
}
/* Turn off heavyweight RCU tasks trace readers on idle/user exit. */
static __always_inline void rcu_dynticks_task_trace_exit(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU_READ_MB))
current->trc_reader_special.b.need_mb = false;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU */
}
/*
* Record entry into an extended quiescent state. This is only to be
* called when not already in an extended quiescent state, that is,
* RCU is watching prior to the call to this function and is no longer
* watching upon return.
*/
static noinstr void ct_kernel_exit_state(int offset)
{
int seq;
/*
* CPUs seeing atomic_add_return() must see prior RCU read-side
* critical sections, and we also must force ordering with the
* next idle sojourn.
*/
rcu_dynticks_task_trace_enter(); // Before ->dynticks update!
seq = ct_state_inc(offset);
// RCU is no longer watching. Better be in extended quiescent state!
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && (seq & RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX));
}
/*
* Record exit from an extended quiescent state. This is only to be
* called from an extended quiescent state, that is, RCU is not watching
* prior to the call to this function and is watching upon return.
*/
static noinstr void ct_kernel_enter_state(int offset)
{
int seq;
/*
* CPUs seeing atomic_add_return() must see prior idle sojourns,
* and we also must force ordering with the next RCU read-side
* critical section.
*/
seq = ct_state_inc(offset);
// RCU is now watching. Better not be in an extended quiescent state!
rcu_dynticks_task_trace_exit(); // After ->dynticks update!
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && !(seq & RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX));
}
/*
* Enter an RCU extended quiescent state, which can be either the
* idle loop or adaptive-tickless usermode execution.
*
* We crowbar the ->dynticks_nmi_nesting field to zero to allow for
* the possibility of usermode upcalls having messed up our count
* of interrupt nesting level during the prior busy period.
*/
static void noinstr ct_kernel_exit(bool user, int offset)
{
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
WARN_ON_ONCE(ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() != DYNTICK_IRQ_NONIDLE);
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting, 0);
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) &&
ct_dynticks_nesting() == 0);
if (ct_dynticks_nesting() != 1) {
// RCU will still be watching, so just do accounting and leave.
ct->dynticks_nesting--;
return;
}
instrumentation_begin();
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
trace_rcu_dyntick(TPS("Start"), ct_dynticks_nesting(), 0, ct_dynticks());
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && !user && !is_idle_task(current));
rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(current);
// instrumentation for the noinstr ct_kernel_exit_state()
instrument_atomic_write(&ct->state, sizeof(ct->state));
instrumentation_end();
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nesting, 0); /* Avoid irq-access tearing. */
// RCU is watching here ...
ct_kernel_exit_state(offset);
// ... but is no longer watching here.
rcu_dynticks_task_enter();
}
/*
* Exit an RCU extended quiescent state, which can be either the
* idle loop or adaptive-tickless usermode execution.
*
* We crowbar the ->dynticks_nmi_nesting field to DYNTICK_IRQ_NONIDLE to
* allow for the possibility of usermode upcalls messing up our count of
* interrupt nesting level during the busy period that is just now starting.
*/
static void noinstr ct_kernel_enter(bool user, int offset)
{
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
long oldval;
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && !raw_irqs_disabled());
oldval = ct_dynticks_nesting();
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && oldval < 0);
if (oldval) {
// RCU was already watching, so just do accounting and leave.
ct->dynticks_nesting++;
return;
}
rcu_dynticks_task_exit();
// RCU is not watching here ...
ct_kernel_enter_state(offset);
// ... but is watching here.
instrumentation_begin();
// instrumentation for the noinstr ct_kernel_enter_state()
instrument_atomic_write(&ct->state, sizeof(ct->state));
trace_rcu_dyntick(TPS("End"), ct_dynticks_nesting(), 1, ct_dynticks());
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && !user && !is_idle_task(current));
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nesting, 1);
WARN_ON_ONCE(ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting());
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting, DYNTICK_IRQ_NONIDLE);
instrumentation_end();
}
/**
* ct_nmi_exit - inform RCU of exit from NMI context
*
* If we are returning from the outermost NMI handler that interrupted an
* RCU-idle period, update ct->state and ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting
* to let the RCU grace-period handling know that the CPU is back to
* being RCU-idle.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_nmi_exit(), be sure to test
* with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void noinstr ct_nmi_exit(void)
{
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
instrumentation_begin();
/*
* Check for ->dynticks_nmi_nesting underflow and bad ->dynticks.
* (We are exiting an NMI handler, so RCU better be paying attention
* to us!)
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() <= 0);
WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs());
/*
* If the nesting level is not 1, the CPU wasn't RCU-idle, so
* leave it in non-RCU-idle state.
*/
if (ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() != 1) {
trace_rcu_dyntick(TPS("--="), ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting(), ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() - 2,
ct_dynticks());
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting, /* No store tearing. */
ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() - 2);
instrumentation_end();
return;
}
/* This NMI interrupted an RCU-idle CPU, restore RCU-idleness. */
trace_rcu_dyntick(TPS("Startirq"), ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting(), 0, ct_dynticks());
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting, 0); /* Avoid store tearing. */
// instrumentation for the noinstr ct_kernel_exit_state()
instrument_atomic_write(&ct->state, sizeof(ct->state));
instrumentation_end();
// RCU is watching here ...
ct_kernel_exit_state(RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX);
// ... but is no longer watching here.
if (!in_nmi())
rcu_dynticks_task_enter();
}
/**
* ct_nmi_enter - inform RCU of entry to NMI context
*
* If the CPU was idle from RCU's viewpoint, update ct->state and
* ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting to let the RCU grace-period handling know
* that the CPU is active. This implementation permits nested NMIs, as
* long as the nesting level does not overflow an int. (You will probably
* run out of stack space first.)
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_nmi_enter(), be sure to test
* with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void noinstr ct_nmi_enter(void)
{
long incby = 2;
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
/* Complain about underflow. */
WARN_ON_ONCE(ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() < 0);
/*
* If idle from RCU viewpoint, atomically increment ->dynticks
* to mark non-idle and increment ->dynticks_nmi_nesting by one.
* Otherwise, increment ->dynticks_nmi_nesting by two. This means
* if ->dynticks_nmi_nesting is equal to one, we are guaranteed
* to be in the outermost NMI handler that interrupted an RCU-idle
* period (observation due to Andy Lutomirski).
*/
if (rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs()) {
if (!in_nmi())
rcu_dynticks_task_exit();
// RCU is not watching here ...
ct_kernel_enter_state(RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX);
// ... but is watching here.
instrumentation_begin();
// instrumentation for the noinstr rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs()
instrument_atomic_read(&ct->state, sizeof(ct->state));
// instrumentation for the noinstr ct_kernel_enter_state()
instrument_atomic_write(&ct->state, sizeof(ct->state));
incby = 1;
} else if (!in_nmi()) {
instrumentation_begin();
rcu_irq_enter_check_tick();
} else {
instrumentation_begin();
}
trace_rcu_dyntick(incby == 1 ? TPS("Endirq") : TPS("++="),
ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting(),
ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() + incby, ct_dynticks());
instrumentation_end();
WRITE_ONCE(ct->dynticks_nmi_nesting, /* Prevent store tearing. */
ct_dynticks_nmi_nesting() + incby);
barrier();
}
/**
* ct_idle_enter - inform RCU that current CPU is entering idle
*
* Enter idle mode, in other words, -leave- the mode in which RCU
* read-side critical sections can occur. (Though RCU read-side
* critical sections can occur in irq handlers in idle, a possibility
* handled by irq_enter() and irq_exit().)
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_idle_enter(), be sure to test with
* CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void noinstr ct_idle_enter(void)
{
WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG) && !raw_irqs_disabled());
ct_kernel_exit(false, RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX + CONTEXT_IDLE);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ct_idle_enter);
/**
* ct_idle_exit - inform RCU that current CPU is leaving idle
*
* Exit idle mode, in other words, -enter- the mode in which RCU
* read-side critical sections can occur.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_idle_exit(), be sure to test with
* CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void noinstr ct_idle_exit(void)
{
unsigned long flags;
raw_local_irq_save(flags);
ct_kernel_enter(false, RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX - CONTEXT_IDLE);
raw_local_irq_restore(flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ct_idle_exit);
/**
* ct_irq_enter - inform RCU that current CPU is entering irq away from idle
*
* Enter an interrupt handler, which might possibly result in exiting
* idle mode, in other words, entering the mode in which read-side critical
* sections can occur. The caller must have disabled interrupts.
*
* Note that the Linux kernel is fully capable of entering an interrupt
* handler that it never exits, for example when doing upcalls to user mode!
* This code assumes that the idle loop never does upcalls to user mode.
* If your architecture's idle loop does do upcalls to user mode (or does
* anything else that results in unbalanced calls to the irq_enter() and
* irq_exit() functions), RCU will give you what you deserve, good and hard.
* But very infrequently and irreproducibly.
*
* Use things like work queues to work around this limitation.
*
* You have been warned.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_irq_enter(), be sure to test with
* CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
noinstr void ct_irq_enter(void)
{
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
ct_nmi_enter();
}
/**
* ct_irq_exit - inform RCU that current CPU is exiting irq towards idle
*
* Exit from an interrupt handler, which might possibly result in entering
* idle mode, in other words, leaving the mode in which read-side critical
* sections can occur. The caller must have disabled interrupts.
*
* This code assumes that the idle loop never does anything that might
* result in unbalanced calls to irq_enter() and irq_exit(). If your
* architecture's idle loop violates this assumption, RCU will give you what
* you deserve, good and hard. But very infrequently and irreproducibly.
*
* Use things like work queues to work around this limitation.
*
* You have been warned.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_irq_exit(), be sure to test with
* CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
noinstr void ct_irq_exit(void)
{
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
ct_nmi_exit();
}
/*
* Wrapper for ct_irq_enter() where interrupts are enabled.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_irq_enter_irqson(), be sure to test
* with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void ct_irq_enter_irqson(void)
{
unsigned long flags;
local_irq_save(flags);
ct_irq_enter();
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
/*
* Wrapper for ct_irq_exit() where interrupts are enabled.
*
* If you add or remove a call to ct_irq_exit_irqson(), be sure to test
* with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
*/
void ct_irq_exit_irqson(void)
{
unsigned long flags;
local_irq_save(flags);
ct_irq_exit();
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
#else
static __always_inline void ct_kernel_exit(bool user, int offset) { }
static __always_inline void ct_kernel_enter(bool user, int offset) { }
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE */
#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_USER
#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/context_tracking.h>
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(context_tracking_key);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(context_tracking_key);
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
static noinstr bool context_tracking_recursion_enter(void)
{
int recursion;
recursion = __this_cpu_inc_return(context_tracking.recursion);
if (recursion == 1)
return true;
WARN_ONCE((recursion < 1), "Invalid context tracking recursion value %d\n", recursion);
__this_cpu_dec(context_tracking.recursion);
return false;
}
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
static __always_inline void context_tracking_recursion_exit(void)
{
__this_cpu_dec(context_tracking.recursion);
}
/**
* __ct_user_enter - Inform the context tracking that the CPU is going
* to enter user or guest space mode.
*
* @state: userspace context-tracking state to enter.
*
* This function must be called right before we switch from the kernel
* to user or guest space, when it's guaranteed the remaining kernel
* instructions to execute won't use any RCU read side critical section
* because this function sets RCU in extended quiescent state.
*/
void noinstr __ct_user_enter(enum ctx_state state)
{
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
/* Kernel threads aren't supposed to go to userspace */
WARN_ON_ONCE(!current->mm);
if (!context_tracking_recursion_enter())
return;
if (__ct_state() != state) {
if (ct->active) {
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
/*
* At this stage, only low level arch entry code remains and
* then we'll run in userspace. We can assume there won't be
* any RCU read-side critical section until the next call to
* user_exit() or ct_irq_enter(). Let's remove RCU's dependency
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
* on the tick.
*/
if (state == CONTEXT_USER) {
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
instrumentation_begin();
trace_user_enter(0);
vtime_user_enter(current);
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
instrumentation_end();
}
/*
* Other than generic entry implementation, we may be past the last
* rescheduling opportunity in the entry code. Trigger a self IPI
* that will fire and reschedule once we resume in user/guest mode.
*/
rcu_irq_work_resched();
/*
* Enter RCU idle mode right before resuming userspace. No use of RCU
* is permitted between this call and rcu_eqs_exit(). This way the
* CPU doesn't need to maintain the tick for RCU maintenance purposes
* when the CPU runs in userspace.
*/
ct_kernel_exit(true, RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX + state);
/*
* Special case if we only track user <-> kernel transitions for tickless
* cputime accounting but we don't support RCU extended quiescent state.
* In this we case we don't care about any concurrency/ordering.
*/
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE))
raw_atomic_set(&ct->state, state);
} else {
/*
* Even if context tracking is disabled on this CPU, because it's outside
* the full dynticks mask for example, we still have to keep track of the
* context transitions and states to prevent inconsistency on those of
* other CPUs.
* If a task triggers an exception in userspace, sleep on the exception
* handler and then migrate to another CPU, that new CPU must know where
* the exception returns by the time we call exception_exit().
* This information can only be provided by the previous CPU when it called
* exception_enter().
* OTOH we can spare the calls to vtime and RCU when context_tracking.active
* is false because we know that CPU is not tickless.
*/
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE)) {
/* Tracking for vtime only, no concurrent RCU EQS accounting */
raw_atomic_set(&ct->state, state);
} else {
/*
* Tracking for vtime and RCU EQS. Make sure we don't race
* with NMIs. OTOH we don't care about ordering here since
* RCU only requires RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX increments to be fully
* ordered.
*/
raw_atomic_add(state, &ct->state);
}
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
}
}
context_tracking_recursion_exit();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__ct_user_enter);
/*
* OBSOLETE:
* This function should be noinstr but the below local_irq_restore() is
* unsafe because it involves illegal RCU uses through tracing and lockdep.
* This is unlikely to be fixed as this function is obsolete. The preferred
* way is to call __context_tracking_enter() through user_enter_irqoff()
* or context_tracking_guest_enter(). It should be the arch entry code
* responsibility to call into context tracking with IRQs disabled.
*/
void ct_user_enter(enum ctx_state state)
{
unsigned long flags;
/*
* Some contexts may involve an exception occuring in an irq,
* leading to that nesting:
* ct_irq_enter() rcu_eqs_exit(true) rcu_eqs_enter(true) ct_irq_exit()
* This would mess up the dyntick_nesting count though. And rcu_irq_*()
* helpers are enough to protect RCU uses inside the exception. So
* just return immediately if we detect we are in an IRQ.
*/
if (in_interrupt())
return;
local_irq_save(flags);
__ct_user_enter(state);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(ct_user_enter);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ct_user_enter);
/**
* user_enter_callable() - Unfortunate ASM callable version of user_enter() for
* archs that didn't manage to check the context tracking
* static key from low level code.
*
* This OBSOLETE function should be noinstr but it unsafely calls
* local_irq_restore(), involving illegal RCU uses through tracing and lockdep.
* This is unlikely to be fixed as this function is obsolete. The preferred
* way is to call user_enter_irqoff(). It should be the arch entry code
* responsibility to call into context tracking with IRQs disabled.
*/
void user_enter_callable(void)
{
user_enter();
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(user_enter_callable);
/**
* __ct_user_exit - Inform the context tracking that the CPU is
* exiting user or guest mode and entering the kernel.
*
* @state: userspace context-tracking state being exited from.
*
* This function must be called after we entered the kernel from user or
* guest space before any use of RCU read side critical section. This
* potentially include any high level kernel code like syscalls, exceptions,
* signal handling, etc...
*
* This call supports re-entrancy. This way it can be called from any exception
* handler without needing to know if we came from userspace or not.
*/
void noinstr __ct_user_exit(enum ctx_state state)
{
struct context_tracking *ct = this_cpu_ptr(&context_tracking);
if (!context_tracking_recursion_enter())
return;
if (__ct_state() == state) {
if (ct->active) {
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
/*
* Exit RCU idle mode while entering the kernel because it can
* run a RCU read side critical section anytime.
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
*/
ct_kernel_enter(true, RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX - state);
if (state == CONTEXT_USER) {
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
instrumentation_begin();
vtime_user_exit(current);
trace_user_exit(0);
context_tracking: Ensure that the critical path cannot be instrumented context tracking lacks a few protection mechanisms against instrumentation: - While the core functions are marked NOKPROBE they lack protection against function tracing which is required as the function entry/exit points can be utilized by BPF. - static functions invoked from the protected functions need to be marked as well as they can be instrumented otherwise. - using plain inline allows the compiler to emit traceable and probable functions. Fix this by marking the functions noinstr and converting the plain inlines to __always_inline. The NOKPROBE_SYMBOL() annotations are removed as the .noinstr.text section is already excluded from being probed. Cures the following objtool warnings: vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: enter_from_user_mode()+0x34: call to __context_tracking_exit() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: prepare_exit_to_usermode()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: syscall_return_slowpath()+0x29: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_syscall_64()+0x7f: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_int80_syscall_32()+0x3d: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: do_fast_syscall_32()+0x9c: call to __context_tracking_enter() leaves .noinstr.text section and generates new ones... Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134340.811520478@linutronix.de
2020-03-04 13:05:22 +03:00
instrumentation_end();
}
/*
* Special case if we only track user <-> kernel transitions for tickless
* cputime accounting but we don't support RCU extended quiescent state.
* In this we case we don't care about any concurrency/ordering.
*/
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE))
raw_atomic_set(&ct->state, CONTEXT_KERNEL);
} else {
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_IDLE)) {
/* Tracking for vtime only, no concurrent RCU EQS accounting */
raw_atomic_set(&ct->state, CONTEXT_KERNEL);
} else {
/*
* Tracking for vtime and RCU EQS. Make sure we don't race
* with NMIs. OTOH we don't care about ordering here since
* RCU only requires RCU_DYNTICKS_IDX increments to be fully
* ordered.
*/
raw_atomic_sub(state, &ct->state);
}
context_tracking: Fix runtime CPU off-case As long as the context tracking is enabled on any CPU, even a single one, all other CPUs need to keep track of their user <-> kernel boundaries cross as well. This is because a task can sleep while servicing an exception that happened in the kernel or in userspace. Then when the task eventually wakes up and return from the exception, the CPU needs to know if we resume in userspace or in the kernel. exception_exit() get this information from exception_enter() that saved the previous state. If the CPU where the exception happened didn't keep track of these informations, exception_exit() doesn't know which state tracking to restore on the CPU where the task got migrated and we may return to userspace with the context tracking subsystem thinking that we are in kernel mode. This can be fixed in the long term if we move our context tracking probes on very low level arch fast path user <-> kernel boundary, although even that is worrisome as an exception can still happen in the few instructions between the probe and the actual iret. Also we are not yet ready to set these probes in the fast path given the potential overhead problem it induces. So let's fix this by always enable context tracking even on CPUs that are not in the full dynticks range. OTOH we can spare the rcu_user_*() and vtime_user_*() calls there because the tick runs on these CPUs and we can handle RCU state machine and cputime accounting through it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
2013-07-12 01:59:33 +04:00
}
}
context_tracking_recursion_exit();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__ct_user_exit);
/*
* OBSOLETE:
* This function should be noinstr but the below local_irq_save() is
* unsafe because it involves illegal RCU uses through tracing and lockdep.
* This is unlikely to be fixed as this function is obsolete. The preferred
* way is to call __context_tracking_exit() through user_exit_irqoff()
* or context_tracking_guest_exit(). It should be the arch entry code
* responsibility to call into context tracking with IRQs disabled.
*/
void ct_user_exit(enum ctx_state state)
{
unsigned long flags;
if (in_interrupt())
return;
local_irq_save(flags);
__ct_user_exit(state);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(ct_user_exit);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ct_user_exit);
/**
* user_exit_callable() - Unfortunate ASM callable version of user_exit() for
* archs that didn't manage to check the context tracking
* static key from low level code.
*
* This OBSOLETE function should be noinstr but it unsafely calls local_irq_save(),
* involving illegal RCU uses through tracing and lockdep. This is unlikely
* to be fixed as this function is obsolete. The preferred way is to call
* user_exit_irqoff(). It should be the arch entry code responsibility to
* call into context tracking with IRQs disabled.
*/
void user_exit_callable(void)
{
user_exit();
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(user_exit_callable);
void __init ct_cpu_track_user(int cpu)
{
static __initdata bool initialized = false;
if (!per_cpu(context_tracking.active, cpu)) {
per_cpu(context_tracking.active, cpu) = true;
static_branch_inc(&context_tracking_key);
}
if (initialized)
return;
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TIF_NOHZ
/*
* Set TIF_NOHZ to init/0 and let it propagate to all tasks through fork
* This assumes that init is the only task at this early boot stage.
*/
set_tsk_thread_flag(&init_task, TIF_NOHZ);
#endif
WARN_ON_ONCE(!tasklist_empty());
initialized = true;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_USER_FORCE
void __init context_tracking_init(void)
{
int cpu;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
ct_cpu_track_user(cpu);
}
#endif
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_USER */