diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ef100_netdev.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ef100_netdev.c
index 63a44ee763be..b9429e8faba1 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ef100_netdev.c
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ef100_netdev.c
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ static int ef100_net_stop(struct net_device *net_dev)
 	efx_mcdi_free_vis(efx);
 	efx_remove_interrupts(efx);
 
+	efx->state = STATE_NET_DOWN;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -172,6 +174,8 @@ static int ef100_net_open(struct net_device *net_dev)
 		efx_link_status_changed(efx);
 	mutex_unlock(&efx->mac_lock);
 
+	efx->state = STATE_NET_UP;
+
 	return 0;
 
 fail:
@@ -272,7 +276,7 @@ int ef100_register_netdev(struct efx_nic *efx)
 	/* Always start with carrier off; PHY events will detect the link */
 	netif_carrier_off(net_dev);
 
-	efx->state = STATE_READY;
+	efx->state = STATE_NET_DOWN;
 	rtnl_unlock();
 	efx_init_mcdi_logging(efx);
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx.c
index c069659c9e2d..5f064f185d55 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx.c
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx.c
@@ -105,14 +105,6 @@ static int efx_xdp(struct net_device *dev, struct netdev_bpf *xdp);
 static int efx_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, int n, struct xdp_frame **xdpfs,
 			u32 flags);
 
-#define EFX_ASSERT_RESET_SERIALISED(efx)		\
-	do {						\
-		if ((efx->state == STATE_READY) ||	\
-		    (efx->state == STATE_RECOVERY) ||	\
-		    (efx->state == STATE_DISABLED))	\
-			ASSERT_RTNL();			\
-	} while (0)
-
 /**************************************************************************
  *
  * Port handling
@@ -377,6 +369,8 @@ static int efx_probe_all(struct efx_nic *efx)
 	if (rc)
 		goto fail5;
 
+	efx->state = STATE_NET_DOWN;
+
 	return 0;
 
  fail5:
@@ -543,6 +537,9 @@ int efx_net_open(struct net_device *net_dev)
 	efx_start_all(efx);
 	if (efx->state == STATE_DISABLED || efx->reset_pending)
 		netif_device_detach(efx->net_dev);
+	else
+		efx->state = STATE_NET_UP;
+
 	efx_selftest_async_start(efx);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -721,8 +718,6 @@ static int efx_register_netdev(struct efx_nic *efx)
 	 * already requested.  If so, the NIC is probably hosed so we
 	 * abort.
 	 */
-	efx->state = STATE_READY;
-	smp_mb(); /* ensure we change state before checking reset_pending */
 	if (efx->reset_pending) {
 		netif_err(efx, probe, efx->net_dev,
 			  "aborting probe due to scheduled reset\n");
@@ -750,6 +745,8 @@ static int efx_register_netdev(struct efx_nic *efx)
 
 	efx_associate(efx);
 
+	efx->state = STATE_NET_DOWN;
+
 	rtnl_unlock();
 
 	rc = device_create_file(&efx->pci_dev->dev, &dev_attr_phy_type);
@@ -851,7 +848,7 @@ static void efx_pci_remove_main(struct efx_nic *efx)
 	/* Flush reset_work. It can no longer be scheduled since we
 	 * are not READY.
 	 */
-	BUG_ON(efx->state == STATE_READY);
+	WARN_ON(efx_net_active(efx->state));
 	efx_flush_reset_workqueue(efx);
 
 	efx_disable_interrupts(efx);
@@ -1196,13 +1193,13 @@ static int efx_pm_freeze(struct device *dev)
 
 	rtnl_lock();
 
-	if (efx->state != STATE_DISABLED) {
-		efx->state = STATE_UNINIT;
-
+	if (efx_net_active(efx->state)) {
 		efx_device_detach_sync(efx);
 
 		efx_stop_all(efx);
 		efx_disable_interrupts(efx);
+
+		efx->state = efx_freeze(efx->state);
 	}
 
 	rtnl_unlock();
@@ -1217,7 +1214,7 @@ static int efx_pm_thaw(struct device *dev)
 
 	rtnl_lock();
 
-	if (efx->state != STATE_DISABLED) {
+	if (efx_frozen(efx->state)) {
 		rc = efx_enable_interrupts(efx);
 		if (rc)
 			goto fail;
@@ -1230,7 +1227,7 @@ static int efx_pm_thaw(struct device *dev)
 
 		efx_device_attach_if_not_resetting(efx);
 
-		efx->state = STATE_READY;
+		efx->state = efx_thaw(efx->state);
 
 		efx->type->resume_wol(efx);
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.c
index de797e1ac5a9..1527678b241c 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.c
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.c
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ static void efx_reset_work(struct work_struct *data)
 	 * have changed by now.  Now that we have the RTNL lock,
 	 * it cannot change again.
 	 */
-	if (efx->state == STATE_READY)
+	if (efx_net_active(efx->state))
 		(void)efx_reset(efx, method);
 
 	rtnl_unlock();
@@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ void efx_schedule_reset(struct efx_nic *efx, enum reset_type type)
 {
 	enum reset_type method;
 
-	if (efx->state == STATE_RECOVERY) {
+	if (efx_recovering(efx->state)) {
 		netif_dbg(efx, drv, efx->net_dev,
 			  "recovering: skip scheduling %s reset\n",
 			  RESET_TYPE(type));
@@ -942,7 +942,7 @@ void efx_schedule_reset(struct efx_nic *efx, enum reset_type type)
 	/* If we're not READY then just leave the flags set as the cue
 	 * to abort probing or reschedule the reset later.
 	 */
-	if (READ_ONCE(efx->state) != STATE_READY)
+	if (!efx_net_active(READ_ONCE(efx->state)))
 		return;
 
 	/* efx_process_channel() will no longer read events once a
@@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ static pci_ers_result_t efx_io_error_detected(struct pci_dev *pdev,
 	rtnl_lock();
 
 	if (efx->state != STATE_DISABLED) {
-		efx->state = STATE_RECOVERY;
+		efx->state = efx_recover(efx->state);
 		efx->reset_pending = 0;
 
 		efx_device_detach_sync(efx);
@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ static void efx_io_resume(struct pci_dev *pdev)
 		netif_err(efx, hw, efx->net_dev,
 			  "efx_reset failed after PCI error (%d)\n", rc);
 	} else {
-		efx->state = STATE_READY;
+		efx->state = efx_recovered(efx->state);
 		netif_dbg(efx, hw, efx->net_dev,
 			  "Done resetting and resuming IO after PCI error.\n");
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.h b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.h
index 65513fd0cf6c..c72e819da8fd 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.h
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/efx_common.h
@@ -45,9 +45,7 @@ int efx_reconfigure_port(struct efx_nic *efx);
 
 #define EFX_ASSERT_RESET_SERIALISED(efx)		\
 	do {						\
-		if ((efx->state == STATE_READY) ||	\
-		    (efx->state == STATE_RECOVERY) ||	\
-		    (efx->state == STATE_DISABLED))	\
+		if (efx->state != STATE_UNINIT)		\
 			ASSERT_RTNL();			\
 	} while (0)
 
@@ -64,7 +62,7 @@ void efx_port_dummy_op_void(struct efx_nic *efx);
 
 static inline int efx_check_disabled(struct efx_nic *efx)
 {
-	if (efx->state == STATE_DISABLED || efx->state == STATE_RECOVERY) {
+	if (efx->state == STATE_DISABLED || efx_recovering(efx->state)) {
 		netif_err(efx, drv, efx->net_dev,
 			  "device is disabled due to earlier errors\n");
 		return -EIO;
diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ethtool_common.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ethtool_common.c
index bd552c7dffcb..3846b76b8972 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ethtool_common.c
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/ethtool_common.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ void efx_ethtool_self_test(struct net_device *net_dev,
 	if (!efx_tests)
 		goto fail;
 
-	if (efx->state != STATE_READY) {
+	if (!efx_net_active(efx->state)) {
 		rc = -EBUSY;
 		goto out;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/net_driver.h b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/net_driver.h
index 8aecb4bd2c0d..39f97929b3ff 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/net_driver.h
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/net_driver.h
@@ -627,12 +627,54 @@ enum efx_int_mode {
 #define EFX_INT_MODE_USE_MSI(x) (((x)->interrupt_mode) <= EFX_INT_MODE_MSI)
 
 enum nic_state {
-	STATE_UNINIT = 0,	/* device being probed/removed or is frozen */
-	STATE_READY = 1,	/* hardware ready and netdev registered */
-	STATE_DISABLED = 2,	/* device disabled due to hardware errors */
-	STATE_RECOVERY = 3,	/* device recovering from PCI error */
+	STATE_UNINIT = 0,	/* device being probed/removed */
+	STATE_NET_DOWN,		/* hardware probed and netdev registered */
+	STATE_NET_UP,		/* ready for traffic */
+	STATE_DISABLED,		/* device disabled due to hardware errors */
+
+	STATE_RECOVERY = 0x100,/* recovering from PCI error */
+	STATE_FROZEN = 0x200,	/* frozen by power management */
 };
 
+static inline bool efx_net_active(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	return state == STATE_NET_DOWN || state == STATE_NET_UP;
+}
+
+static inline bool efx_frozen(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	return state & STATE_FROZEN;
+}
+
+static inline bool efx_recovering(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	return state & STATE_RECOVERY;
+}
+
+static inline enum nic_state efx_freeze(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!efx_net_active(state));
+	return state | STATE_FROZEN;
+}
+
+static inline enum nic_state efx_thaw(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!efx_frozen(state));
+	return state & ~STATE_FROZEN;
+}
+
+static inline enum nic_state efx_recover(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!efx_net_active(state));
+	return state | STATE_RECOVERY;
+}
+
+static inline enum nic_state efx_recovered(enum nic_state state)
+{
+	WARN_ON(!efx_recovering(state));
+	return state & ~STATE_RECOVERY;
+}
+
 /* Forward declaration */
 struct efx_nic;