KVM: guest_memfd: Add interface for populating gmem pages with user data

During guest run-time, kvm_arch_gmem_prepare() is issued as needed to
prepare newly-allocated gmem pages prior to mapping them into the guest.
In the case of SEV-SNP, this mainly involves setting the pages to
private in the RMP table.

However, for the GPA ranges comprising the initial guest payload, which
are encrypted/measured prior to starting the guest, the gmem pages need
to be accessed prior to setting them to private in the RMP table so they
can be initialized with the userspace-provided data. Additionally, an
SNP firmware call is needed afterward to encrypt them in-place and
measure the contents into the guest's launch digest.

While it is possible to bypass the kvm_arch_gmem_prepare() hooks so that
this handling can be done in an open-coded/vendor-specific manner, this
may expose more gmem-internal state/dependencies to external callers
than necessary. Try to avoid this by implementing an interface that
tries to handle as much of the common functionality inside gmem as
possible, while also making it generic enough to potentially be
usable/extensible for TDX as well.

Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Co-developed-by: Michael Roth <michael.roth@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

include/linux/kvm_host.h

@@ -2448,4 +2448,31 @@ int kvm_arch_gmem_prepare(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn, int max_ord
 bool kvm_arch_gmem_prepare_needed(struct kvm *kvm);
 #endif
 
+/**
+ * kvm_gmem_populate() - Populate/prepare a GPA range with guest data
+ *
+ * @kvm: KVM instance
+ * @gfn: starting GFN to be populated
+ * @src: userspace-provided buffer containing data to copy into GFN range
+ *       (passed to @post_populate, and incremented on each iteration
+ *       if not NULL)
+ * @npages: number of pages to copy from userspace-buffer
+ * @post_populate: callback to issue for each gmem page that backs the GPA
+ *                 range
+ * @opaque: opaque data to pass to @post_populate callback
+ *
+ * This is primarily intended for cases where a gmem-backed GPA range needs
+ * to be initialized with userspace-provided data prior to being mapped into
+ * the guest as a private page. This should be called with the slots->lock
+ * held so that caller-enforced invariants regarding the expected memory
+ * attributes of the GPA range do not race with KVM_SET_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTES.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of pages that were populated.
+ */
+typedef int (*kvm_gmem_populate_cb)(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn,
+				    void __user *src, int order, void *opaque);
+
+long kvm_gmem_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, void __user *src, long npages,
+		       kvm_gmem_populate_cb post_populate, void *opaque);
+
 #endif

virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c

@@ -585,3 +585,55 @@ int kvm_gmem_get_pfn(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
 	return r;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_gmem_get_pfn);
+
+long kvm_gmem_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t start_gfn, void __user *src, long npages,
+		       kvm_gmem_populate_cb post_populate, void *opaque)
+{
+	struct file *file;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
+	void __user *p;
+
+	int ret = 0, max_order;
+	long i;
+
+	lockdep_assert_held(&kvm->slots_lock);
+	if (npages < 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, start_gfn);
+	if (!kvm_slot_can_be_private(slot))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	file = kvm_gmem_get_file(slot);
+	if (!file)
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	filemap_invalidate_lock(file->f_mapping);
+
+	npages = min_t(ulong, slot->npages - (start_gfn - slot->base_gfn), npages);
+	for (i = 0; i < npages; i += (1 << max_order)) {
+		gfn_t gfn = start_gfn + i;
+		kvm_pfn_t pfn;
+
+		ret = __kvm_gmem_get_pfn(file, slot, gfn, &pfn, &max_order, false);
+		if (ret)
+			break;
+
+		if (!IS_ALIGNED(gfn, (1 << max_order)) ||
+		    (npages - i) < (1 << max_order))
+			max_order = 0;
+
+		p = src ? src + i * PAGE_SIZE : NULL;
+		ret = post_populate(kvm, gfn, pfn, p, max_order, opaque);
+
+		put_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
+		if (ret)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	filemap_invalidate_unlock(file->f_mapping);
+
+	fput(file);
+	return ret && !i ? ret : i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_gmem_populate);