README: More consistent and readable white space
Mainly, this just separates paragraphs, so that the text is easier on the eyes. Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
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README
23
README
@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
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gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
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or
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or
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bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
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bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
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Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
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Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
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@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
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gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
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or
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or
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bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
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bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
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Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
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Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
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@ -142,10 +143,12 @@ BUILD directory for the kernel:
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Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
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Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
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place for the output files (including .config).
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place for the output files (including .config).
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Example:
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Example:
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kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
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kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
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build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
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build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
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To configure and build the kernel, use:
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To configure and build the kernel, use:
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cd /usr/src/linux-3.X
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cd /usr/src/linux-3.X
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make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
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make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
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make O=/home/name/build/kernel
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make O=/home/name/build/kernel
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@ -164,36 +167,49 @@ CONFIGURING the kernel:
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only ask you for the answers to new questions.
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only ask you for the answers to new questions.
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- Alternative configuration commands are:
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- Alternative configuration commands are:
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"make config" Plain text interface.
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"make config" Plain text interface.
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"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
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"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
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"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
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"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
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"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
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"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
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"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
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"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
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"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
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"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
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your existing ./.config file and asking about
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your existing ./.config file and asking about
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new config symbols.
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new config symbols.
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"make silentoldconfig"
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"make silentoldconfig"
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Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
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Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
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with questions already answered.
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with questions already answered.
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Additionally updates the dependencies.
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Additionally updates the dependencies.
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"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
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"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
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symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
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or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
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or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
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depending on the architecture.
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depending on the architecture.
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"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
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"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by using the default
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Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from
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symbol values from
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arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
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arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
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Use "make help" to get a list of all available
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Use "make help" to get a list of all available
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platforms of your architecture.
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platforms of your architecture.
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"make allyesconfig"
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"make allyesconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'y' as much as possible.
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values to 'y' as much as possible.
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"make allmodconfig"
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"make allmodconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'm' as much as possible.
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values to 'm' as much as possible.
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"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'n' as much as possible.
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values to 'n' as much as possible.
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"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to random values.
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values to random values.
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@ -201,17 +217,21 @@ CONFIGURING the kernel:
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in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
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in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
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NOTES on "make config":
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NOTES on "make config":
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- having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
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- having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
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under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
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under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
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nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
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nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
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- compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
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- compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
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will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
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will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
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kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
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kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
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- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
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- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
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coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
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coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
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never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
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never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
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but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
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but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
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have a math coprocessor or not.
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have a math coprocessor or not.
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- the "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
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- the "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
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bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
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bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
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less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
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less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
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@ -256,6 +276,7 @@ COMPILING the kernel:
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are installing a new kernel with the same version number as your
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are installing a new kernel with the same version number as your
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working kernel, make a backup of your modules directory before you
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working kernel, make a backup of your modules directory before you
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do a "make modules_install".
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do a "make modules_install".
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Alternatively, before compiling, use the kernel config option
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Alternatively, before compiling, use the kernel config option
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"LOCALVERSION" to append a unique suffix to the regular kernel version.
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"LOCALVERSION" to append a unique suffix to the regular kernel version.
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LOCALVERSION can be set in the "General Setup" menu.
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LOCALVERSION can be set in the "General Setup" menu.
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