mm/page_alloc: use write_seqlock_irqsave() instead write_seqlock() + local_irq_save().

__build_all_zonelists() acquires zonelist_update_seq by first disabling
interrupts via local_irq_save() and then acquiring the seqlock with
write_seqlock().  This is troublesome and leads to problems on PREEMPT_RT.
The problem is that the inner spinlock_t becomes a sleeping lock on
PREEMPT_RT and must not be acquired with disabled interrupts.

The API provides write_seqlock_irqsave() which does the right thing in one
step.  printk_deferred_enter() has to be invoked in non-migrate-able
context to ensure that deferred printing is enabled and disabled on the
same CPU.  This is the case after zonelist_update_seq has been acquired.

There was discussion on the first submission that the order should be:
	local_irq_disable();
	printk_deferred_enter();
	write_seqlock();

to avoid pitfalls like having an unaccounted printk() coming from
write_seqlock_irqsave() before printk_deferred_enter() is invoked.  The
only origin of such a printk() can be a lockdep splat because the lockdep
annotation happens after the sequence count is incremented.  This is
exceptional and subject to change.

It was also pointed that PREEMPT_RT can be affected by the printk problem
since its write_seqlock_irqsave() does not really disable interrupts. 
This isn't the case because PREEMPT_RT's printk implementation differs
from the mainline implementation in two important aspects:

- Printing happens in a dedicated threads and not at during the
  invocation of printk().
- In emergency cases where synchronous printing is used, a different
  driver is used which does not use tty_port::lock.

Acquire zonelist_update_seq with write_seqlock_irqsave() and then defer
printk output.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230623201517.yw286Knb@linutronix.de
Fixes: 1007843a91909 ("mm/page_alloc: fix potential deadlock on zonelist_update_seq seqlock")
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Luis Claudio R. Goncalves <lgoncalv@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c

@@ -5139,19 +5139,17 @@ static void __build_all_zonelists(void *data)
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	/*
-	 * Explicitly disable this CPU's interrupts before taking seqlock
+	 * The zonelist_update_seq must be acquired with irqsave because the
-	 * to prevent any IRQ handler from calling into the page allocator
+	 * reader can be invoked from IRQ with GFP_ATOMIC.
-	 * (e.g. GFP_ATOMIC) that could hit zonelist_iter_begin and livelock.
 	 */
-	local_irq_save(flags);
+	write_seqlock_irqsave(&zonelist_update_seq, flags);
 	/*
-	 * Explicitly disable this CPU's synchronous printk() before taking
+	 * Also disable synchronous printk() to prevent any printk() from
-	 * seqlock to prevent any printk() from trying to hold port->lock, for
+	 * trying to hold port->lock, for
 	 * tty_insert_flip_string_and_push_buffer() on other CPU might be
 	 * calling kmalloc(GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN) with port->lock held.
 	 */
 	printk_deferred_enter();
-	write_seqlock(&zonelist_update_seq);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 	memset(node_load, 0, sizeof(node_load));
@@ -5188,9 +5186,8 @@ static void __build_all_zonelists(void *data)
 #endif
 	}
 
-	write_sequnlock(&zonelist_update_seq);
 	printk_deferred_exit();
-	local_irq_restore(flags);
+	write_sequnlock_irqrestore(&zonelist_update_seq, flags);
 }
 
 static noinline void __init