diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
index 45e7e044cf4a..8e5f3d84311e 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/core.h
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ resource_size_t __rcrb_to_component(struct device *dev,
 				    enum cxl_rcrb which);
 
 extern struct rw_semaphore cxl_dpa_rwsem;
+extern struct rw_semaphore cxl_region_rwsem;
 
 int cxl_memdev_init(void);
 void cxl_memdev_exit(void);
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c b/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
index 4449b34a80cc..506c9e14cdf9 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/hdm.c
@@ -650,6 +650,25 @@ static int cxl_decoder_commit(struct cxl_decoder *cxld)
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * For endpoint decoders hosted on CXL memory devices that
+	 * support the sanitize operation, make sure sanitize is not in-flight.
+	 */
+	if (is_endpoint_decoder(&cxld->dev)) {
+		struct cxl_endpoint_decoder *cxled =
+			to_cxl_endpoint_decoder(&cxld->dev);
+		struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = cxled_to_memdev(cxled);
+		struct cxl_memdev_state *mds =
+			to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
+
+		if (mds && mds->security.sanitize_active) {
+			dev_dbg(&cxlmd->dev,
+				"attempted to commit %s during sanitize\n",
+				dev_name(&cxld->dev));
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
 	down_read(&cxl_dpa_rwsem);
 	/* common decoder settings */
 	ctrl = readl(hdm + CXL_HDM_DECODER0_CTRL_OFFSET(cxld->id));
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c b/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
index 4df4f614f490..b91bb9886991 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
@@ -1125,20 +1125,7 @@ int cxl_dev_state_identify(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_dev_state_identify, CXL);
 
-/**
- * cxl_mem_sanitize() - Send a sanitization command to the device.
- * @mds: The device data for the operation
- * @cmd: The specific sanitization command opcode
- *
- * Return: 0 if the command was executed successfully, regardless of
- * whether or not the actual security operation is done in the background,
- * such as for the Sanitize case.
- * Error return values can be the result of the mailbox command, -EINVAL
- * when security requirements are not met or invalid contexts.
- *
- * See CXL 3.0 @8.2.9.8.5.1 Sanitize and @8.2.9.8.5.2 Secure Erase.
- */
-int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd)
+static int __cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd)
 {
 	int rc;
 	u32 sec_out = 0;
@@ -1183,7 +1170,45 @@ int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd)
 
 	return 0;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_mem_sanitize, CXL);
+
+
+/**
+ * cxl_mem_sanitize() - Send a sanitization command to the device.
+ * @cxlmd: The device for the operation
+ * @cmd: The specific sanitization command opcode
+ *
+ * Return: 0 if the command was executed successfully, regardless of
+ * whether or not the actual security operation is done in the background,
+ * such as for the Sanitize case.
+ * Error return values can be the result of the mailbox command, -EINVAL
+ * when security requirements are not met or invalid contexts, or -EBUSY
+ * if the sanitize operation is already in flight.
+ *
+ * See CXL 3.0 @8.2.9.8.5.1 Sanitize and @8.2.9.8.5.2 Secure Erase.
+ */
+int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, u16 cmd)
+{
+	struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
+	struct cxl_port  *endpoint;
+	int rc;
+
+	/* synchronize with cxl_mem_probe() and decoder write operations */
+	device_lock(&cxlmd->dev);
+	endpoint = cxlmd->endpoint;
+	down_read(&cxl_region_rwsem);
+	/*
+	 * Require an endpoint to be safe otherwise the driver can not
+	 * be sure that the device is unmapped.
+	 */
+	if (endpoint && endpoint->commit_end == -1)
+		rc = __cxl_mem_sanitize(mds, cmd);
+	else
+		rc = -EBUSY;
+	up_read(&cxl_region_rwsem);
+	device_unlock(&cxlmd->dev);
+
+	return rc;
+}
 
 static int add_dpa_res(struct device *dev, struct resource *parent,
 		       struct resource *res, resource_size_t start,
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
index 4c2e24a1a89c..a02061028b71 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
@@ -125,13 +125,16 @@ static ssize_t security_state_show(struct device *dev,
 	struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
 	struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = cxlmd->cxlds;
 	struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlds);
-	u64 reg = readq(cxlds->regs.mbox + CXLDEV_MBOX_BG_CMD_STATUS_OFFSET);
-	u32 pct = FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_MBOX_BG_CMD_COMMAND_PCT_MASK, reg);
-	u16 cmd = FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_MBOX_BG_CMD_COMMAND_OPCODE_MASK, reg);
 	unsigned long state = mds->security.state;
+	int rc = 0;
 
-	if (cmd == CXL_MBOX_OP_SANITIZE && pct != 100)
-		return sysfs_emit(buf, "sanitize\n");
+	/* sync with latest submission state */
+	mutex_lock(&mds->mbox_mutex);
+	if (mds->security.sanitize_active)
+		rc = sysfs_emit(buf, "sanitize\n");
+	mutex_unlock(&mds->mbox_mutex);
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
 
 	if (!(state & CXL_PMEM_SEC_STATE_USER_PASS_SET))
 		return sysfs_emit(buf, "disabled\n");
@@ -152,24 +155,17 @@ static ssize_t security_sanitize_store(struct device *dev,
 				       const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
 	struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
-	struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
-	struct cxl_port *port = cxlmd->endpoint;
 	bool sanitize;
 	ssize_t rc;
 
 	if (kstrtobool(buf, &sanitize) || !sanitize)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (!port || !is_cxl_endpoint(port))
-		return -EINVAL;
+	rc = cxl_mem_sanitize(cxlmd, CXL_MBOX_OP_SANITIZE);
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
 
-	/* ensure no regions are mapped to this memdev */
-	if (port->commit_end != -1)
-		return -EBUSY;
-
-	rc = cxl_mem_sanitize(mds, CXL_MBOX_OP_SANITIZE);
-
-	return rc ? rc : len;
+	return len;
 }
 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_security_sanitize =
 	__ATTR(sanitize, 0200, NULL, security_sanitize_store);
@@ -179,24 +175,17 @@ static ssize_t security_erase_store(struct device *dev,
 				    const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
 	struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
-	struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
-	struct cxl_port *port = cxlmd->endpoint;
 	ssize_t rc;
 	bool erase;
 
 	if (kstrtobool(buf, &erase) || !erase)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (!port || !is_cxl_endpoint(port))
-		return -EINVAL;
+	rc = cxl_mem_sanitize(cxlmd, CXL_MBOX_OP_SECURE_ERASE);
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
 
-	/* ensure no regions are mapped to this memdev */
-	if (port->commit_end != -1)
-		return -EBUSY;
-
-	rc = cxl_mem_sanitize(mds, CXL_MBOX_OP_SECURE_ERASE);
-
-	return rc ? rc : len;
+	return len;
 }
 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_security_erase =
 	__ATTR(erase, 0200, NULL, security_erase_store);
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/port.c b/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
index 7ca01a834e18..5ba606c6e03f 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/port.c
@@ -28,6 +28,12 @@
  * instantiated by the core.
  */
 
+/*
+ * All changes to the interleave configuration occur with this lock held
+ * for write.
+ */
+DECLARE_RWSEM(cxl_region_rwsem);
+
 static DEFINE_IDA(cxl_port_ida);
 static DEFINE_XARRAY(cxl_root_buses);
 
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/region.c b/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
index 6d63b8798c29..d74bf1b664b6 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/region.c
@@ -28,12 +28,6 @@
  * 3. Decoder targets
  */
 
-/*
- * All changes to the interleave configuration occur with this lock held
- * for write.
- */
-static DECLARE_RWSEM(cxl_region_rwsem);
-
 static struct cxl_region *to_cxl_region(struct device *dev);
 
 static ssize_t uuid_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
index fbdee1d63717..6933bc20e76b 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
@@ -364,6 +364,7 @@ struct cxl_fw_state {
  * @state: state of last security operation
  * @enabled_cmds: All security commands enabled in the CEL
  * @poll_tmo_secs: polling timeout
+ * @sanitize_active: sanitize completion pending
  * @poll_dwork: polling work item
  * @sanitize_node: sanitation sysfs file to notify
  */
@@ -371,6 +372,7 @@ struct cxl_security_state {
 	unsigned long state;
 	DECLARE_BITMAP(enabled_cmds, CXL_SEC_ENABLED_MAX);
 	int poll_tmo_secs;
+	bool sanitize_active;
 	struct delayed_work poll_dwork;
 	struct kernfs_node *sanitize_node;
 };
@@ -884,7 +886,7 @@ static inline void cxl_mem_active_dec(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd);
+int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, u16 cmd);
 
 struct cxl_hdm {
 	struct cxl_component_regs regs;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pci.c b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
index 05f3d14921e6..33c48370a830 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/pci.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ static void cxl_mbox_sanitize_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		mds->security.poll_tmo_secs = 0;
 		if (mds->security.sanitize_node)
 			sysfs_notify_dirent(mds->security.sanitize_node);
+		mds->security.sanitize_active = false;
 
 		dev_dbg(cxlds->dev, "Sanitization operation ended\n");
 	} else {
@@ -292,9 +293,13 @@ static int __cxl_pci_mbox_send_cmd(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds,
 		 * and allow userspace to poll(2) for completion.
 		 */
 		if (mbox_cmd->opcode == CXL_MBOX_OP_SANITIZE) {
+			if (mds->security.sanitize_active)
+				return -EBUSY;
+
 			/* give first timeout a second */
 			timeout = 1;
 			mds->security.poll_tmo_secs = timeout;
+			mds->security.sanitize_active = true;
 			schedule_delayed_work(&mds->security.poll_dwork,
 					      timeout * HZ);
 			dev_dbg(dev, "Sanitization operation started\n");