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This patch introduces a runtime hot/cold data separation method
for f2fs, in order to improve the accuracy for data temperature
classification, reduce the garbage collection overhead after
long-term data updates.
Enhanced hot/cold data separation can record data block update
frequency as "age" of the extent per inode, and take use of the age
info to indicate better temperature type for data block allocation:
- It records total data blocks allocated since mount;
- When file extent has been updated, it calculate the count of data
blocks allocated since last update as the age of the extent;
- Before the data block allocated, it searches for the age info and
chooses the suitable segment for allocation.
Test and result:
- Prepare: create about 30000 files
* 3% for cold files (with cold file extension like .apk, from 3M to 10M)
* 50% for warm files (with random file extension like .FcDxq, from 1K
to 4M)
* 47% for hot files (with hot file extension like .db, from 1K to 256K)
- create(5%)/random update(90%)/delete(5%) the files
* total write amount is about 70G
* fsync will be called for .db files, and buffered write will be used
for other files
The storage of test device is large enough(128G) so that it will not
switch to SSR mode during the test.
Benefit: dirty segment count increment reduce about 14%
- before: Dirty +21110
- after: Dirty +18286
Signed-off-by: qixiaoyu1 <qixiaoyu1@xiaomi.com>
Signed-off-by: xiongping1 <xiongping1@xiaomi.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
As f2fs component in bugzilla.kernel.org was created and used since
2018-7.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a mount option, barrier, in f2fs.
The barrier option is the opposite of nobarrier.
If this option is set, cache_flush commands are allowed to be issued.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports to inject fault into f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr() to
simulate accessing inconsistent data/meta block addressses from caller.
Usage:
a) echo 262144 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or
b) mount -o fault_type=262144 <dev> <mountpoint>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Change occurrences of "it's" that are possessive to "its"
so that they don't read as "it is".
For f2fs.rst, reword one description for better clarity.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-f2fs-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Seth Forshee <sforshee@kernel.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: "Christian Brauner (Microsoft)" <brauner@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220901002828.25102-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
In this cycle, we mainly fixed some corner cases that manipulate a per-file
compression flag inappropriately. And, we found f2fs counted valid blocks in a
section incorrectly when zone capacity is set, and thus, fixed it with
additional sysfs entry to check it easily. Lastly, this series includes
several patches with respect to the new atomic write support such as a
couple of bug fixes and re-adding atomic_write_abort support that we removed
by mistake in the previous release.
Enhancement:
- add sysfs entries to understand atomic write operations and zone
capacity
- introduce memory mode to get a hint for low-memory devices
- adjust the waiting time of foreground GC
- decompress clusters under softirq to avoid non-deterministic latency
- do not skip updating inode when retrying to flush node page
- enforce single zone capacity
Bug fix:
- set the compression/no-compression flags correctly
- revive F2FS_IOC_ABORT_VOLATILE_WRITE
- check inline_data during compressed inode conversion
- understand zone capacity when calculating valid block count
As usual, the series includes several minor clean-ups and sanity checks.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this cycle, we mainly fixed some corner cases that manipulate a
per-file compression flag inappropriately. And, we found f2fs counted
valid blocks in a section incorrectly when zone capacity is set, and
thus, fixed it with additional sysfs entry to check it easily.
Lastly, this series includes several patches with respect to the new
atomic write support such as a couple of bug fixes and re-adding
atomic_write_abort support that we removed by mistake in the previous
release.
Enhancements:
- add sysfs entries to understand atomic write operations and zone
capacity
- introduce memory mode to get a hint for low-memory devices
- adjust the waiting time of foreground GC
- decompress clusters under softirq to avoid non-deterministic
latency
- do not skip updating inode when retrying to flush node page
- enforce single zone capacity
Bug fixes:
- set the compression/no-compression flags correctly
- revive F2FS_IOC_ABORT_VOLATILE_WRITE
- check inline_data during compressed inode conversion
- understand zone capacity when calculating valid block count
As usual, the series includes several minor clean-ups and sanity
checks"
* tag 'f2fs-for-6.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (29 commits)
f2fs: use onstack pages instead of pvec
f2fs: intorduce f2fs_all_cluster_page_ready
f2fs: clean up f2fs_abort_atomic_write()
f2fs: handle decompress only post processing in softirq
f2fs: do not allow to decompress files have FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED
f2fs: do not set compression bit if kernel doesn't support
f2fs: remove device type check for direct IO
f2fs: fix null-ptr-deref in f2fs_get_dnode_of_data
f2fs: revive F2FS_IOC_ABORT_VOLATILE_WRITE
f2fs: fix to do sanity check on segment type in build_sit_entries()
f2fs: obsolete unused MAX_DISCARD_BLOCKS
f2fs: fix to avoid use f2fs_bug_on() in f2fs_new_node_page()
f2fs: fix to remove F2FS_COMPR_FL and tag F2FS_NOCOMP_FL at the same time
f2fs: introduce sysfs atomic write statistics
f2fs: don't bother wait_ms by foreground gc
f2fs: invalidate meta pages only for post_read required inode
f2fs: allow compression of files without blocks
f2fs: fix to check inline_data during compressed inode conversion
f2fs: Delete f2fs_copy_page() and replace with memcpy_page()
f2fs: fix to invalidate META_MAPPING before DIO write
...
Introduce memory mode to supports "normal" and "low" memory modes.
"low" mode is to support low memory devices. Because of the nature of
low memory devices, in this mode, f2fs will try to save memory sometimes
by sacrificing performance. "normal" mode is the default mode and same
as before.
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Since commit c61404153e ("f2fs: introduce FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED
instead of using IMMUTABLE bit"), we no longer use the IMMUTABLE
bit to prevent writing data for compression. Let's correct the
corresponding documentation.
BTW, this patch fixes some alignment issues in the compress
metadata layout.
Signed-off-by: Chao Liu <liuchao@coolpad.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220613020800.3379482-1-chaoliu719@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
f2fs: support fault injection for f2fs_trylock_op()
This patch supports to inject fault into f2fs_trylock_op().
Usage:
a) echo 65536 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or
b) mount -o fault_type=65536 <dev> <mountpoint>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this cycle, we've applied relatively small number of patches which fix subtle
corner cases mainly, while introducing a new mount option to be able to fragment
the disk intentionally for performance tests.
Enhancement:
- add a mount option to fragmente on-disk layout to understand the performance
- support direct IO for multi-partitions
- add a fault injection of dquot_initialize
Bug fix:
- address some lockdep complaints
- fix a deadlock issue with quota
- fix a memory tuning condition
- fix compression condition to improve the ratio
- fix disabling compression on the non-empty compressed file
- invalidate cached pages before IPU/DIO writes
And, we've added some minor clean-ups as usual.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.16-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this cycle, we've applied relatively small number of patches which
fix subtle corner cases mainly, while introducing a new mount option
to be able to fragment the disk intentionally for performance tests.
Enhancements:
- add a mount option to fragmente on-disk layout to understand the
performance
- support direct IO for multi-partitions
- add a fault injection of dquot_initialize
Bug fixes:
- address some lockdep complaints
- fix a deadlock issue with quota
- fix a memory tuning condition
- fix compression condition to improve the ratio
- fix disabling compression on the non-empty compressed file
- invalidate cached pages before IPU/DIO writes
And, we've added some minor clean-ups as usual"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.16-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs:
f2fs: fix UAF in f2fs_available_free_memory
f2fs: invalidate META_MAPPING before IPU/DIO write
f2fs: support fault injection for dquot_initialize()
f2fs: fix incorrect return value in f2fs_sanity_check_ckpt()
f2fs: compress: disallow disabling compress on non-empty compressed file
f2fs: compress: fix overwrite may reduce compress ratio unproperly
f2fs: multidevice: support direct IO
f2fs: introduce fragment allocation mode mount option
f2fs: replace snprintf in show functions with sysfs_emit
f2fs: include non-compressed blocks in compr_written_block
f2fs: fix wrong condition to trigger background checkpoint correctly
f2fs: fix to use WHINT_MODE
f2fs: fix up f2fs_lookup tracepoints
f2fs: set SBI_NEED_FSCK flag when inconsistent node block found
f2fs: introduce excess_dirty_threshold()
f2fs: avoid attaching SB_ACTIVE flag during mount
f2fs: quota: fix potential deadlock
f2fs: should use GFP_NOFS for directory inodes
This patch adds a new function f2fs_dquot_initialize() to wrap
dquot_initialize(), and it supports to inject fault into
f2fs_dquot_initialize() to simulate inner failure occurs in
dquot_initialize().
Usage:
a) echo 65536 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or
b) mount -o fault_type=65536 <dev> <mountpoint>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Added two options into "mode=" mount option to make it possible for
developers to simulate filesystem fragmentation/after-GC situation
itself. The developers use these modes to understand filesystem
fragmentation/after-GC condition well, and eventually get some
insights to handle them better.
"fragment:segment": f2fs allocates a new segment in ramdom position.
With this, we can simulate the after-GC condition.
"fragment:block" : We can scatter block allocation with
"max_fragment_chunk" and "max_fragment_hole" sysfs
nodes. f2fs will allocate 1..<max_fragment_chunk>
blocks in a chunk and make a hole in the length of
1..<max_fragment_hole> by turns in a newly allocated
free segment. Plus, this mode implicitly enables
"fragment:segment" option for more randomness.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The docs build was generating this warning:
Documentation/filesystems/f2fs.rst:306: WARNING: Block quote ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
Remove the extra white space that was confusing sphinx.
Fixes: 151b1982be (f2fs: compress: add nocompress extensions support)
Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211023025833.216030-1-changfengnan@vivo.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
The value of FAULT_* macros and its description in f2fs.rst became
inconsistent, fix this to keep compatibility of fault injection
interface.
Fixes: 67883ade7a ("f2fs: remove FAULT_ALLOC_BIO")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports to inject fault into f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc().
Usage:
a) echo 32768 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or
b) mount -o fault_type=32768 <dev> <mountpoint>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For compressed file, after release compress blocks, don't allow write
direct, but we should allow write direct after truncate to zero.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
As James Z reported in bugzilla:
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=213877
[1.] One-line summary of the problem:
Mount multiple SMR block devices exceed certain number cause system non-response
[2.] Full description of the problem/report:
Created some F2FS on SMR devices (mkfs.f2fs -m), then mounted in sequence. Each device is the same Model: HGST HSH721414AL (Size 14TB).
Empirically, found that when the amount of SMR device * 1.5Gb > System RAM, the system ran out of memory and hung. No dmesg output. For example, 24 SMR Disk need 24*1.5GB = 36GB. A system with 32G RAM can only mount 21 devices, the 22nd device will be a reproducible cause of system hang.
The number of SMR devices with other FS mounted on this system does not interfere with the result above.
[3.] Keywords (i.e., modules, networking, kernel):
F2FS, SMR, Memory
[4.] Kernel information
[4.1.] Kernel version (uname -a):
Linux 5.13.4-200.fc34.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 20 20:27:29 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[4.2.] Kernel .config file:
Default Fedora 34 with f2fs-tools-1.14.0-2.fc34.x86_64
[5.] Most recent kernel version which did not have the bug:
None
[6.] Output of Oops.. message (if applicable) with symbolic information
resolved (see Documentation/admin-guide/oops-tracing.rst)
None
[7.] A small shell script or example program which triggers the
problem (if possible)
mount /dev/sdX /mnt/0X
[8.] Memory consumption
With 24 * 14T SMR Block device with F2FS
free -g
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 46 36 0 0 10 10
Swap: 0 0 0
With 3 * 14T SMR Block device with F2FS
free -g
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7 5 0 0 1 1
Swap: 7 0 7
The root cause is, there are three bitmaps:
- cur_valid_map
- ckpt_valid_map
- discard_map
and each of them will cost ~500MB memory, {cur, ckpt}_valid_map are
necessary, but discard_map is optional, since this bitmap will only be
useful in mountpoint that small discard is enabled.
For a blkzoned device such as SMR or ZNS devices, f2fs will only issue
discard for a section(zone) when all blocks of that section are invalid,
so, for such device, we don't need small discard functionality at all.
This patch introduces a new mountoption "discard_unit=block|segment|
section" to support issuing discard with different basic unit which is
aligned to block, segment or section, so that user can specify
"discard_unit=segment" or "discard_unit=section" to disable small
discard functionality.
Note that this mount option can not be changed by remount() due to
related metadata need to be initialized during mount().
In order to save memory, let's use "discard_unit=section" for blkzoned
device by default.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
When we create a directory with enable compression, all file write into
directory will try to compress.But sometimes we may know, new file
cannot meet compression ratio requirements.
We need a nocompress extension to skip those files to avoid unnecessary
compress page test.
After add nocompress_extension, the priority should be:
dir_flag < comp_extention,nocompress_extension < comp_file_flag,
no_comp_file_flag.
Priority in between FS_COMPR_FL, FS_NOCOMP_FS, extensions:
* compress_extension=so; nocompress_extension=zip; chattr +c dir;
touch dir/foo.so; touch dir/bar.zip; touch dir/baz.txt; then foo.so
and baz.txt should be compresse, bar.zip should be non-compressed.
chattr +c dir/bar.zip can enable compress on bar.zip.
* compress_extension=so; nocompress_extension=zip; chattr -c dir;
touch dir/foo.so; touch dir/bar.zip; touch dir/baz.txt; then foo.so
should be compresse, bar.zip and baz.txt should be non-compressed.
chattr+c dir/bar.zip; chattr+c dir/baz.txt; can enable compress on
bar.zip and baz.txt.
Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Otherwise whole section after tab will be invisible in compiled
html format document.
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Fixes: 89272ca110 ("docs: filesystems: convert f2fs.txt to ReST")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Support to use address space of inner inode to cache compressed block,
in order to improve cache hit ratio of random read.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
User or developer may still be confused about why f2fs doesn't expose
compressed space to userspace, add description about compressed space
handling policy into f2fs documentation.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this patch, we will add two new mount options: "gc_merge" and
"nogc_merge", when background_gc is on, "gc_merge" option can be
set to let background GC thread to handle foreground GC requests,
it can eliminate the sluggish issue caused by slow foreground GC
operation when GC is triggered from a process with limited I/O
and CPU resources.
Original idea is from Xiang.
Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'for-5.12/block-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull core block updates from Jens Axboe:
"Another nice round of removing more code than what is added, mostly
due to Christoph's relentless pursuit of tech debt removal/cleanups.
This pull request contains:
- Two series of BFQ improvements (Paolo, Jan, Jia)
- Block iov_iter improvements (Pavel)
- bsg error path fix (Pan)
- blk-mq scheduler improvements (Jan)
- -EBUSY discard fix (Jan)
- bvec allocation improvements (Ming, Christoph)
- bio allocation and init improvements (Christoph)
- Store bdev pointer in bio instead of gendisk + partno (Christoph)
- Block trace point cleanups (Christoph)
- hard read-only vs read-only split (Christoph)
- Block based swap cleanups (Christoph)
- Zoned write granularity support (Damien)
- Various fixes/tweaks (Chunguang, Guoqing, Lei, Lukas, Huhai)"
* tag 'for-5.12/block-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (104 commits)
mm: simplify swapdev_block
sd_zbc: clear zone resources for non-zoned case
block: introduce blk_queue_clear_zone_settings()
zonefs: use zone write granularity as block size
block: introduce zone_write_granularity limit
block: use blk_queue_set_zoned in add_partition()
nullb: use blk_queue_set_zoned() to setup zoned devices
nvme: cleanup zone information initialization
block: document zone_append_max_bytes attribute
block: use bi_max_vecs to find the bvec pool
md/raid10: remove dead code in reshape_request
block: mark the bio as cloned in bio_iov_bvec_set
block: set BIO_NO_PAGE_REF in bio_iov_bvec_set
block: remove a layer of indentation in bio_iov_iter_get_pages
block: turn the nr_iovecs argument to bio_alloc* into an unsigned short
block: remove the 1 and 4 vec bvec_slabs entries
block: streamline bvec_alloc
block: factor out a bvec_alloc_gfp helper
block: move struct biovec_slab to bio.c
block: reuse BIO_INLINE_VECS for integrity bvecs
...
We've added a new mount options, "checkpoint_merge" and "nocheckpoint_merge",
which creates a kernel daemon and makes it to merge concurrent checkpoint
requests as much as possible to eliminate redundant checkpoint issues. Plus,
we can eliminate the sluggish issue caused by slow checkpoint operation
when the checkpoint is done in a process context in a cgroup having
low i/o budget and cpu shares. To make this do better, we set the
default i/o priority of the kernel daemon to "3", to give one higher
priority than other kernel threads. The below verification result
explains this.
The basic idea has come from https://opensource.samsung.com.
[Verification]
Android Pixel Device(ARM64, 7GB RAM, 256GB UFS)
Create two I/O cgroups (fg w/ weight 100, bg w/ wight 20)
Set "strict_guarantees" to "1" in BFQ tunables
In "fg" cgroup,
- thread A => trigger 1000 checkpoint operations
"for i in `seq 1 1000`; do touch test_dir1/file; fsync test_dir1;
done"
- thread B => gererating async. I/O
"fio --rw=write --numjobs=1 --bs=128k --runtime=3600 --time_based=1
--filename=test_img --name=test"
In "bg" cgroup,
- thread C => trigger repeated checkpoint operations
"echo $$ > /dev/blkio/bg/tasks; while true; do touch test_dir2/file;
fsync test_dir2; done"
We've measured thread A's execution time.
[ w/o patch ]
Elapsed Time: Avg. 68 seconds
[ w/ patch ]
Elapsed Time: Avg. 48 seconds
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix the return value in f2fs_start_ckpt_thread, reported by Dan]
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Expand 'compress_algorithm' mount option to accept parameter as format of
<algorithm>:<level>, by this way, it gives a way to allow user to do more
specified config on lz4 and zstd compression level, then f2fs compression
can provide higher compress ratio.
In order to set compress level for lz4 algorithm, it needs to set
CONFIG_LZ4HC_COMPRESS and CONFIG_F2FS_FS_LZ4HC config to enable lz4hc
compress algorithm.
CR and performance number on lz4/lz4hc algorithm:
dd if=enwik9 of=compressed_file conv=fsync
Original blocks: 244382
lz4 lz4hc-9
compressed blocks 170647 163270
compress ratio 69.8% 66.8%
speed 16.4207 s, 60.9 MB/s 26.7299 s, 37.4 MB/s
compress ratio = after / before
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Sleeping bio allocations do not fail, which means that injecting an error
into sleeping bio allocations is a little silly.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <chaitanya.kulkarni@wdc.com>
Acked-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
We will add a new "compress_mode" mount option to control file
compression mode. This supports "fs" and "user". In "fs" mode (default),
f2fs does automatic compression on the compression enabled files.
In "user" mode, f2fs disables the automaic compression and gives the
user discretion of choosing the target file and the timing. It means
the user can do manual compression/decompression on the compression
enabled files using ioctls.
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports to store chksum value with compressed
data, and verify the integrality of compressed data while
reading the data.
The feature can be enabled through specifying mount option
'compress_chksum'.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Correct grammar and spelling.
Drop duplicate section for resize.f2fs.
Change one occurrence of F2fs to F2FS for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Cc: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Cc: linux-f2fs-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There are several issues in current background GC algorithm:
- valid blocks is one of key factors during cost overhead calculation,
so if segment has less valid block, however even its age is young or
it locates hot segment, CB algorithm will still choose the segment as
victim, it's not appropriate.
- GCed data/node will go to existing logs, no matter in-there datas'
update frequency is the same or not, it may mix hot and cold data
again.
- GC alloctor mainly use LFS type segment, it will cost free segment
more quickly.
This patch introduces a new algorithm named age threshold based
garbage collection to solve above issues, there are three steps
mainly:
1. select a source victim:
- set an age threshold, and select candidates beased threshold:
e.g.
0 means youngest, 100 means oldest, if we set age threshold to 80
then select dirty segments which has age in range of [80, 100] as
candiddates;
- set candidate_ratio threshold, and select candidates based the
ratio, so that we can shrink candidates to those oldest segments;
- select target segment with fewest valid blocks in order to
migrate blocks with minimum cost;
2. select a target victim:
- select candidates beased age threshold;
- set candidate_radius threshold, search candidates whose age is
around source victims, searching radius should less than the
radius threshold.
- select target segment with most valid blocks in order to avoid
migrating current target segment.
3. merge valid blocks from source victim into target victim with
SSR alloctor.
Test steps:
- create 160 dirty segments:
* half of them have 128 valid blocks per segment
* left of them have 384 valid blocks per segment
- run background GC
Benefit: GC count and block movement count both decrease obviously:
- Before:
- Valid: 86
- Dirty: 1
- Prefree: 11
- Free: 6001 (6001)
GC calls: 162 (BG: 220)
- data segments : 160 (160)
- node segments : 2 (2)
Try to move 41454 blocks (BG: 41454)
- data blocks : 40960 (40960)
- node blocks : 494 (494)
IPU: 0 blocks
SSR: 0 blocks in 0 segments
LFS: 41364 blocks in 81 segments
- After:
- Valid: 87
- Dirty: 0
- Prefree: 4
- Free: 6008 (6008)
GC calls: 75 (BG: 76)
- data segments : 74 (74)
- node segments : 1 (1)
Try to move 12813 blocks (BG: 12813)
- data blocks : 12544 (12544)
- node blocks : 269 (269)
IPU: 0 blocks
SSR: 12032 blocks in 77 segments
LFS: 855 blocks in 2 segments
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix a bug along with pinfile in-mem segment & clean up]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
NVMe Zoned Namespace devices can have zone-capacity less than zone-size.
Zone-capacity indicates the maximum number of sectors that are usable in
a zone beginning from the first sector of the zone. This makes the sectors
sectors after the zone-capacity till zone-size to be unusable.
This patch set tracks zone-size and zone-capacity in zoned devices and
calculate the usable blocks per segment and usable segments per section.
If zone-capacity is less than zone-size mark only those segments which
start before zone-capacity as free segments. All segments at and beyond
zone-capacity are treated as permanently used segments. In cases where
zone-capacity does not align with segment size the last segment will start
before zone-capacity and end beyond the zone-capacity of the zone. For
such spanning segments only sectors within the zone-capacity are used.
During writes and GC manage the usable segments in a section and usable
blocks per segment. Segments which are beyond zone-capacity are never
allocated, and do not need to be garbage collected, only the segments
which are before zone-capacity needs to garbage collected.
For spanning segments based on the number of usable blocks in that
segment, write to blocks only up to zone-capacity.
Zone-capacity is device specific and cannot be configured by the user.
Since NVMe ZNS device zones are sequentially write only, a block device
with conventional zones or any normal block device is needed along with
the ZNS device for the metadata operations of F2fs.
A typical nvme-cli output of a zoned device shows zone start and capacity
and write pointer as below:
SLBA: 0x0 WP: 0x0 Cap: 0x18800 State: EMPTY Type: SEQWRITE_REQ
SLBA: 0x20000 WP: 0x20000 Cap: 0x18800 State: EMPTY Type: SEQWRITE_REQ
SLBA: 0x40000 WP: 0x40000 Cap: 0x18800 State: EMPTY Type: SEQWRITE_REQ
Here zone size is 64MB, capacity is 49MB, WP is at zone start as the zones
are in EMPTY state. For each zone, only zone start + 49MB is usable area,
any lba/sector after 49MB cannot be read or written to, the drive will fail
any attempts to read/write. So, the second zone starts at 64MB and is
usable till 113MB (64 + 49) and the range between 113 and 128MB is
again unusable. The next zone starts at 128MB, and so on.
Signed-off-by: Aravind Ramesh <aravind.ramesh@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Niklas Cassel <niklas.cassel@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this round, we've added two small interfaces, 1) GC_URGENT_LOW mode for
performance, and 2) F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE ioctl for security. The new GC
mode allows Android to run some lower priority GCs in background, while new
ioctl discards user information without race condition when the account is
removed. In addition, some patches were merged to address latency-related
issues. We've fixed some compression-related bug fixes as well as edge race
conditions.
Enhancement:
- add GC_URGENT_LOW mode in gc_urgent
- introduce F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE ioctl
- bypass racy readahead to improve read latencies
- shrink node_write lock coverage to avoid long latency
Bug fix:
- fix missing compression flag control, i_size, and mount option
- fix deadlock between quota writes and checkpoint
- remove inode eviction path in synchronous path to avoid deadlock
- fix to wait GCed compressed page writeback
- fix a kernel panic in f2fs_is_compressed_page
- check page dirty status before writeback
- wait page writeback before update in node page write flow
- fix a race condition between f2fs_write_end_io and f2fs_del_fsync_node_entry
We've added some minor sanity checks and refactored trivial code blocks for
better readability and debugging information.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've added two small interfaces: (a) GC_URGENT_LOW
mode for performance and (b) F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE ioctl for
security.
The new GC mode allows Android to run some lower priority GCs in
background, while new ioctl discards user information without race
condition when the account is removed.
In addition, some patches were merged to address latency-related
issues. We've fixed some compression-related bug fixes as well as edge
race conditions.
Enhancements:
- add GC_URGENT_LOW mode in gc_urgent
- introduce F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE ioctl
- bypass racy readahead to improve read latencies
- shrink node_write lock coverage to avoid long latency
Bug fixes:
- fix missing compression flag control, i_size, and mount option
- fix deadlock between quota writes and checkpoint
- remove inode eviction path in synchronous path to avoid deadlock
- fix to wait GCed compressed page writeback
- fix a kernel panic in f2fs_is_compressed_page
- check page dirty status before writeback
- wait page writeback before update in node page write flow
- fix a race condition between f2fs_write_end_io and f2fs_del_fsync_node_entry
We've added some minor sanity checks and refactored trivial code
blocks for better readability and debugging information"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (52 commits)
f2fs: prepare a waiter before entering io_schedule
f2fs: update_sit_entry: Make the judgment condition of f2fs_bug_on more intuitive
f2fs: replace test_and_set/clear_bit() with set/clear_bit()
f2fs: make file immutable even if releasing zero compression block
f2fs: compress: disable compression mount option if compression is off
f2fs: compress: add sanity check during compressed cluster read
f2fs: use macro instead of f2fs verity version
f2fs: fix deadlock between quota writes and checkpoint
f2fs: correct comment of f2fs_exist_written_data
f2fs: compress: delay temp page allocation
f2fs: compress: fix to update isize when overwriting compressed file
f2fs: space related cleanup
f2fs: fix use-after-free issue
f2fs: Change the type of f2fs_flush_inline_data() to void
f2fs: add F2FS_IOC_SEC_TRIM_FILE ioctl
f2fs: should avoid inode eviction in synchronous path
f2fs: segment.h: delete a duplicated word
f2fs: compress: fix to avoid memory leak on cc->cpages
f2fs: use generic names for generic ioctls
f2fs: don't keep meta inode pages used for compressed block migration
...
while to come. Changes include:
- Some new Chinese translations
- Progress on the battle against double words words and non-HTTPS URLs
- Some block-mq documentation
- More RST conversions from Mauro. At this point, that task is
essentially complete, so we shouldn't see this kind of churn again for a
while. Unless we decide to switch to asciidoc or something...:)
- Lots of typo fixes, warning fixes, and more.
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Merge tag 'docs-5.9' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"It's been a busy cycle for documentation - hopefully the busiest for a
while to come. Changes include:
- Some new Chinese translations
- Progress on the battle against double words words and non-HTTPS
URLs
- Some block-mq documentation
- More RST conversions from Mauro. At this point, that task is
essentially complete, so we shouldn't see this kind of churn again
for a while. Unless we decide to switch to asciidoc or
something...:)
- Lots of typo fixes, warning fixes, and more"
* tag 'docs-5.9' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (195 commits)
scripts/kernel-doc: optionally treat warnings as errors
docs: ia64: correct typo
mailmap: add entry for <alobakin@marvell.com>
doc/zh_CN: add cpu-load Chinese version
Documentation/admin-guide: tainted-kernels: fix spelling mistake
MAINTAINERS: adjust kprobes.rst entry to new location
devices.txt: document rfkill allocation
PCI: correct flag name
docs: filesystems: vfs: correct flag name
docs: filesystems: vfs: correct sync_mode flag names
docs: path-lookup: markup fixes for emphasis
docs: path-lookup: more markup fixes
docs: path-lookup: fix HTML entity mojibake
CREDITS: Replace HTTP links with HTTPS ones
docs: process: Add an example for creating a fixes tag
doc/zh_CN: add Chinese translation prefer section
doc/zh_CN: add clearing-warn-once Chinese version
doc/zh_CN: add admin-guide index
doc:it_IT: process: coding-style.rst: Correct __maybe_unused compiler label
futex: MAINTAINERS: Re-add selftests directory
...
Wire up f2fs to support inline encryption via the helper functions which
fs/crypto/ now provides. This includes:
- Adding a mount option 'inlinecrypt' which enables inline encryption
on encrypted files where it can be used.
- Setting the bio_crypt_ctx on bios that will be submitted to an
inline-encrypted file.
- Not adding logically discontiguous data to bios that will be submitted
to an inline-encrypted file.
- Not doing filesystem-layer crypto on inline-encrypted files.
This patch includes a fix for a race during IPU by
Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Satya Tangirala <satyat@google.com>
Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200702015607.1215430-4-satyat@google.com
Co-developed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
f2fs will try compressing data in cluster only when "all logical
blocks in cluster contain valid data" rather than "all logical
blocks in file are valid".
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There is one reserved special compression extension: '*', which
could be set via 'compress_extension="*"' mount option to enable
compression for all files.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Commit ed318a6cc0 ("fscrypt: support test_dummy_encryption=v2") added an
entry to the massive option table in Documentation/filesystems/f2fs.txt.
The option was too wide for the formatting of the table, though, leading to
a verbose and ugly warning starting with:
Documentation/filesystems/f2fs.rst:229: WARNING: Malformed table.
Text in column margin in table line 126.
Fixing this requires formatting the whole table; let's hear it for Emacs
query-replace-regexp.
Fixes: ed318a6cc0 ("fscrypt: support test_dummy_encryption=v2")
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
In this round, we've added some knobs to enhance compression feature and harden
testing environment. In addition, we've fixed several bugs reported from Android
devices such as long discarding latency, device hanging during quota_sync, etc.
Enhancement:
- support lzo-rle algorithm
- add two ioctls to release and reserve blocks for compression
- support partial truncation/fiemap on compressed file
- introduce sysfs entries to attach IO flags explicitly
- add iostat trace point along with read io stat
Bug fix:
- fix long discard latency
- flush quota data by f2fs_quota_sync correctly
- fix to recover parent inode number for power-cut recovery
- fix lz4/zstd output buffer budget
- parse checkpoint mount option correctly
- avoid inifinite loop to wait for flushing node/meta pages
- manage discard space correctly
And some refactoring and clean up patches were added.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've added some knobs to enhance compression feature
and harden testing environment. In addition, we've fixed several bugs
reported from Android devices such as long discarding latency, device
hanging during quota_sync, etc.
Enhancements:
- support lzo-rle algorithm
- add two ioctls to release and reserve blocks for compression
- support partial truncation/fiemap on compressed file
- introduce sysfs entries to attach IO flags explicitly
- add iostat trace point along with read io stat
Bug fixes:
- fix long discard latency
- flush quota data by f2fs_quota_sync correctly
- fix to recover parent inode number for power-cut recovery
- fix lz4/zstd output buffer budget
- parse checkpoint mount option correctly
- avoid inifinite loop to wait for flushing node/meta pages
- manage discard space correctly
And some refactoring and clean up patches were added"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (51 commits)
f2fs: attach IO flags to the missing cases
f2fs: add node_io_flag for bio flags likewise data_io_flag
f2fs: remove unused parameter of f2fs_put_rpages_mapping()
f2fs: handle readonly filesystem in f2fs_ioc_shutdown()
f2fs: avoid utf8_strncasecmp() with unstable name
f2fs: don't return vmalloc() memory from f2fs_kmalloc()
f2fs: fix retry logic in f2fs_write_cache_pages()
f2fs: fix wrong discard space
f2fs: compress: don't compress any datas after cp stop
f2fs: remove unneeded return value of __insert_discard_tree()
f2fs: fix wrong value of tracepoint parameter
f2fs: protect new segment allocation in expand_inode_data
f2fs: code cleanup by removing ifdef macro surrounding
f2fs: avoid inifinite loop to wait for flushing node pages at cp_error
f2fs: flush dirty meta pages when flushing them
f2fs: fix checkpoint=disable:%u%%
f2fs: compress: fix zstd data corruption
f2fs: add compressed/gc data read IO stat
f2fs: fix potential use-after-free issue
f2fs: compress: don't handle non-compressed data in workqueue
...
v1 encryption policies are deprecated in favor of v2, and some new
features (e.g. encryption+casefolding) are only being added for v2.
Therefore, the "test_dummy_encryption" mount option (which is used for
encryption I/O testing with xfstests) needs to support v2 policies.
To do this, extend its syntax to be "test_dummy_encryption=v1" or
"test_dummy_encryption=v2". The existing "test_dummy_encryption" (no
argument) also continues to be accepted, to specify the default setting
-- currently v1, but the next patch changes it to v2.
To cleanly support both v1 and v2 while also making it easy to support
specifying other encryption settings in the future (say, accepting
"$contents_mode:$filenames_mode:v2"), make ext4 and f2fs maintain a
pointer to the dummy fscrypt_context rather than using mount flags.
To avoid concurrency issues, don't allow test_dummy_encryption to be set
or changed during a remount. (The former restriction is new, but
xfstests doesn't run into it, so no one should notice.)
Tested with 'gce-xfstests -c {ext4,f2fs}/encrypt -g auto'. On ext4,
there are two regressions, both of which are test bugs: ext4/023 and
ext4/028 fail because they set an xattr and expect it to be stored
inline, but the increase in size of the fscrypt_context from
24 to 40 bytes causes this xattr to be spilled into an external block.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200512233251.118314-4-ebiggers@kernel.org
Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
LZO-RLE extension (run length encoding) was introduced to improve
performance of LZO algorithm in scenario of data contains many zeros,
zram has changed to use this extended algorithm by default, this
patch adds to support this algorithm extension, to enable this
extension, it needs to enable F2FS_FS_LZO and F2FS_FS_LZORLE config,
and specifies "compress_algorithm=lzo-rle" mountoption.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this round, we've mainly focused on fixing bugs and addressing issues in
recently introduced compression support.
Enhancement:
- add zstd support, and set LZ4 by default
- add ioctl() to show # of compressed blocks
- show mount time in debugfs
- replace rwsem with spinlock
- avoid lock contention in DIO reads
Some major bug fixes wrt compression:
- compressed block count
- memory access and leak
- remove obsolete fields
- flag controls
Other bug fixes and clean ups:
- fix overflow when handling .flags in inode_info
- fix SPO issue during resize FS flow
- fix compression with fsverity enabled
- potential deadlock when writing compressed pages
- show missing mount options
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've mainly focused on fixing bugs and addressing
issues in recently introduced compression support.
Enhancement:
- add zstd support, and set LZ4 by default
- add ioctl() to show # of compressed blocks
- show mount time in debugfs
- replace rwsem with spinlock
- avoid lock contention in DIO reads
Some major bug fixes wrt compression:
- compressed block count
- memory access and leak
- remove obsolete fields
- flag controls
Other bug fixes and clean ups:
- fix overflow when handling .flags in inode_info
- fix SPO issue during resize FS flow
- fix compression with fsverity enabled
- potential deadlock when writing compressed pages
- show missing mount options"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (66 commits)
f2fs: keep inline_data when compression conversion
f2fs: fix to disable compression on directory
f2fs: add missing CONFIG_F2FS_FS_COMPRESSION
f2fs: switch discard_policy.timeout to bool type
f2fs: fix to verify tpage before releasing in f2fs_free_dic()
f2fs: show compression in statx
f2fs: clean up dic->tpages assignment
f2fs: compress: support zstd compress algorithm
f2fs: compress: add .{init,destroy}_decompress_ctx callback
f2fs: compress: fix to call missing destroy_compress_ctx()
f2fs: change default compression algorithm
f2fs: clean up {cic,dic}.ref handling
f2fs: fix to use f2fs_readpage_limit() in f2fs_read_multi_pages()
f2fs: xattr.h: Make stub helpers inline
f2fs: fix to avoid double unlock
f2fs: fix potential .flags overflow on 32bit architecture
f2fs: fix NULL pointer dereference in f2fs_verity_work()
f2fs: fix to clear PG_error if fsverity failed
f2fs: don't call fscrypt_get_encryption_info() explicitly in f2fs_tmpfile()
f2fs: don't trigger data flush in foreground operation
...
