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Given a set of objects, floating proportions aims to efficiently give the
proportional 'activity' of a single item as compared to the whole set. Where
'activity' is a measure of a temporal property of the items.
It is efficient in that it need not inspect any other items of the set
in order to provide the answer. It is not even needed to know how many
other items there are.
It has one parameter, and that is the period of 'time' over which the
'activity' is measured.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
provide a way to tell lockdep about percpu_counters that are supposed to be
used from irq safe contexts.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
alloc_percpu can fail, propagate that error.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Provide an accurate version of percpu_counter_read.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
s/percpu_counter_sum/&_positive/
Because its consitent with percpu_counter_read*
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Provide a method to set a percpu counter to a specified value.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
percpu_counter is a s64 counter, make _add consitent.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Because the current batch setup has an quadric error bound on the counter,
allow for an alternative setup.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
s/percpu_counter_mod/percpu_counter_add/
Because its a better name, _mod implies modulo.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch marks a number of allocations that are either short-lived such as
network buffers or are reclaimable such as inode allocations. When something
like updatedb is called, long-lived and unmovable kernel allocations tend to
be spread throughout the address space which increases fragmentation.
This patch groups these allocations together as much as possible by adding a
new MIGRATE_TYPE. The MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE type is for allocations that can be
reclaimed on demand, but not moved. i.e. they can be migrated by deleting
them and re-reading the information from elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A while back, Nick Piggin introduced a patch to reduce the node memory
usage for small files (commit cfd9b7df4a):
-#define RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT 6
+#define RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6)
Unfortunately, he didn't take into account the fact that the
calculation of the maximum path was based on an assumption of having
to round up:
#define RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH (RADIX_TREE_INDEX_BITS/RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT + 2)
So, if CONFIG_BASE_SMALL is set, you will end up with a
RADIX_TREE_MAX_PATH that is one greater than necessary. The practical
upshot of this is just a bit of wasted memory (one long in the
height_to_maxindex array, an extra pre-allocated radix tree node per
cpu, and extra stack usage in a couple of functions), but it seems
worth getting right.
It's also worth noting that I never build with CONFIG_BASE_SMALL.
What I did to test this was duplicate the code in a small user-space
program and check the results of the calculations for max path and the
contents of the height_to_maxindex array.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Rather than sign direct radix-tree pointers with a special bit, sign the
indirect one that hangs off the root. This means that, given a lookup_slot
operation, the invalid result will be differentiated from the valid
(previously, valid results could have the bit either set or clear).
This does not affect slot lookups which occur under lock -- they can never
return an invalid result. Is needed in future for lockless pagecache.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce radix_tree_next_hole(root, index, max_scan) to scan radix tree for
the first hole. It will be used in interleaved readahead.
The implementation is dumb and obviously correct. It can help debug(and
document) the possible smart one in future.
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Optionally add a boot delay after each kernel printk() call, crudely
measured in milliseconds, with a maximum delay of 10 seconds per printk.
Enable CONFIG_BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY=y and then add (e.g.):
"lpj=loops_per_jiffy boot_delay=100"
to the kernel command line.
It has been useful in cases like "during boot, my machine just reboots or the
screen goes black" by slowing down printk, (and adding initcall_debug), we can
usually see the last thing that happened before the lights went out which is
usually a valuable clue.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: not all architectures implement CONFIG_HZ]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix lots of stuff]
[bunk@stusta.de: kernel/printk.c: make 2 variables static]
[heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com: fix slow down printk on boot compile error]
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/pci-2.6: (37 commits)
PCI: merge almost all of pci_32.h and pci_64.h together
PCI: X86: Introduce and enable PCI domain support
PCI: Add 'nodomains' boot option, and pci_domains_supported global
PCI: modify PCI bridge control ISA flag for clarity
PCI: use _CRS for PCI resource allocation
PCI: avoid P2P prefetch window for expansion ROMs
PCI: skip ISA ioresource alignment on some systems
PCI: remove transparent bridge sizing
pci: write file size to inode on proc bus file write
pci: use size stored in proc_dir_entry for proc bus files
pci: implement "pci=noaer"
PCI: fix IDE legacy mode resources
MSI: Use correct data offset for 32-bit MSI in read_msi_msg()
PCI: Fix incorrect argument order to list_add_tail() in PCI dynamic ID code
PCI: i386: Compaq EVO N800c needs PCI bus renumbering
PCI: Remove no longer correct documentation regarding MSI vector assignment
PCI: re-enable onboard sound on "MSI K8T Neo2-FIR"
PCI: quirk_vt82c586_acpi: Omit reading PCI revision ID
PCI: quirk amd_8131_mmrbc: Omit reading pci revision ID
cpqphp: Use PCI_CLASS_REVISION instead of PCI_REVISION_ID for read
...
On at least ARM (and I'm told MIPS too) dma_free_coherent() has a newish
call context requirement: unlike its dma_alloc_coherent() sibling, it may
not be called with IRQs disabled. (This was new behavior on ARM as of late
2005, caused by ARM SMP updates.) This little surprise can be annoyingly
driver-visible.
Since it looks like that restriction won't be removed, this patch changes
the definition of the API to include that requirement. Also, to help catch
nonportable drivers, it updates the x86 and swiotlb versions to include the
relevant warnings. (I already observed that it trips on the
bus_reset_tasklet of the new firewire_ohci driver.)
Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Sysfs file poll implementation is scattered over sysfs and kobject.
Event numbering is done in sysfs_dirent but wait itself is done on
kobject. This not only unecessarily bloats both kobject and
sysfs_dirent but is also buggy - if a sysfs_dirent is removed while
there still are pollers, the associaton betwen the kobject and
sysfs_dirent breaks and kobject may be freed with the pollers still
sleeping on it.
This patch moves whole poll implementation into sysfs_open_dirent.
Each time a sysfs_open_dirent is created, event number restarts from 1
and pollers sleep on sysfs_open_dirent. As event sequence number is
meaningless without any open file and pollers should have open file
and thus sysfs_open_dirent, this ephemeral event counting works and is
a saner implementation.
This patch fixes the dnagling sleepers bug and reduces the sizes of
kobject and sysfs_dirent by one pointer.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Move uevent specific logic from the core into kobject_uevent.c, which
does no longer require to link the unused string array if hotplug
is not compiled in.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
While shadow directories appear to be a good idea, the current scheme
of controlling their creation and destruction outside of sysfs appears
to be a locking and maintenance nightmare in the face of sysfs
directories dynamically coming and going. Which can now occur for
directories containing network devices when CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED is
not set.
This patch removes everything from the initial shadow directory support
that allowed the shadow directory creation to be controlled at a higher
level. So except for a few bits of sysfs_rename_dir everything from
commit b592fcfe7f is now gone.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Due to historical reasons, struct kobject contained a static array for
the name, and a dynamic pointer in case the name got bigger than the
array. That's just dumb, as people didn't always know which variable to
reference, even with the accessor for the kobject name.
This patch removes the static array, potentially saving a lot of memory
as the majority of kobjects do not have a very long name.
Thanks to Kay for the idea to do this.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
There are no more subsystems, it's a kset now so remove the function and
the only two users, which are in the driver core.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
There are no more subsystems, it's a kset now so remove the function and
the only two users, which are in the driver core.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The kernel creates a process for every event that is send, even when
there is no binary it could execute. We are needlessly creating around
200-300 failing processes during early bootup, until we have the chance
to disable it from userspace.
This change allows us to disable /sbin/hotplug entirely, if you want to,
by setting UEVENT_HELPER_PATH="" in the kernel config.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This changes the uevent buffer functions to use a struct instead of a
long list of parameters. It does no longer require the caller to do the
proper buffer termination and size accounting, which is currently wrong
in some places. It fixes a known bug where parts of the uevent
environment are overwritten because of wrong index calculations.
Many thanks to Mathieu Desnoyers for finding bugs and improving the
error handling.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Move zlib_inflate_blob() out into it's own source file,
infutil.c, so that things like the powerpc zImage builder
in arch/powerpc/boot/Makefile don't end up trying to
compile it.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'master' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpc: (408 commits)
[POWERPC] Add memchr() to the bootwrapper
[POWERPC] Implement logging of unhandled signals
[POWERPC] Add legacy serial support for OPB with flattened device tree
[POWERPC] Use 1TB segments
[POWERPC] XilinxFB: Allow fixed framebuffer base address
[POWERPC] XilinxFB: Add support for custom screen resolution
[POWERPC] XilinxFB: Use pdata to pass around framebuffer parameters
[POWERPC] PCI: Add 64-bit physical address support to setup_indirect_pci
[POWERPC] 4xx: Kilauea defconfig file
[POWERPC] 4xx: Kilauea DTS
[POWERPC] 4xx: Add AMCC Kilauea eval board support to platforms/40x
[POWERPC] 4xx: Add AMCC 405EX support to cputable.c
[POWERPC] Adjust TASK_SIZE on ppc32 systems to 3GB that are capable
[POWERPC] Use PAGE_OFFSET to tell if an address is user/kernel in SW TLB handlers
[POWERPC] 85xx: Enable FP emulation in MPC8560 ADS defconfig
[POWERPC] 85xx: Killed <asm/mpc85xx.h>
[POWERPC] 85xx: Add cpm nodes for 8541/8555 CDS
[POWERPC] 85xx: Convert mpc8560ads to the new CPM binding.
[POWERPC] mpc8272ads: Remove muram from the CPM reg property.
[POWERPC] Make clockevents work on PPC601 processors
...
Fixed up conflict in Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt manually.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Acked-by: Michael Chan <mchan@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Each netlink socket will live in exactly one network namespace,
this includes the controlling kernel sockets.
This patch updates all of the existing netlink protocols
to only support the initial network namespace. Request
by clients in other namespaces will get -ECONREFUSED.
As they would if the kernel did not have the support for
that netlink protocol compiled in.
As each netlink protocol is updated to be multiple network
namespace safe it can register multiple kernel sockets
to acquire a presence in the rest of the network namespaces.
The implementation in af_netlink is a simple filter implementation
at hash table insertion and hash table look up time.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Provide some documentation for CONFIG_LOCK_STAT.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "Randy.Dunlap" <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT support to ppc64: it was useful for testing
get_paca() preemption. Cheat a little, just use debug_smp_processor_id()
in the debug version of get_paca(): it contains all the right checks and
reporting, though get_paca() doesn't really use smp_processor_id().
Use local_paca for what might have been called __raw_get_paca().
Silence harmless warnings from io.h and lparcfg.c with local_paca -
it is okay for iseries_lparcfg_data to be referencing shared_proc
with preemption enabled: all cpus should show the same value for
shared_proc.
Why do other architectures need TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT for DEBUG_PREEMPT?
I don't know, ppc64 appears to get along fine without it.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/pci-2.6:
PCI: Run k8t_sound_hostbridge quirk only when needed
PCI: disable MSI on RX790
PCI: disable MSI on RD580
PCI: disable MSI on RS690
PCI: make pcie_get_readrq visible in pci.h
PCI: lets kill the 'PCI hidden behind bridge' message
pci/hotplug/cpqphp_ctrl.c: remove stale BKL use
PCI: Document pci_iomap()
PCI: quirk_e100_interrupt() called too early
PCI: Move prototypes for pci_bus_find_capability to include/linux/pci.h
Introduce CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE to control inclusion of check_signature()
and avoid problems on platforms that don't have readb().
Let the few legacy (ISA || PCI || X86) drivers that need check_signature()
select CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Trivial fix: mark the buffer to hexdump as const so callers could avoid
casting their const buffers when calling print_hex_dump().
The patch is really trivial and I suggest to consider it as a fix
(it fixes GCC warnings) and push it to current tree.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The arm26 port has been in a state where it was far from even compiling
for quite some time.
Ian Molton agreed with the removal.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Cc: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kasprintf pulls in kmalloc which proved to be fatal for at least
bootimage target on alpha.
Move it to a separate file so only users of kasprintf are exposed
to the dependency on kmalloc.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Meelis Roos <mroos@linux.ee>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Jay Estabrook <jay.estabrook@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add some casts to the LZO compression algorithm after they were removed
during cleanup and shouldn't have been.
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>
Cc: Edward Shishkin <edward@namesys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Leaving kobject_actions[] in kobject_uevent.c, but putting it outside
the #ifdef looks indeed like the best solution to me. This way, we
avoid adding #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG into core.c, when all other
functions called do not need such a thing.
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
lib/fault-inject.c:168: warning: 'debugfs_create_ul_MAX_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH' defined but not used
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
