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Page poisoning used to be incompatible with hibernation, as the state of
poisoned pages was lost after resume, thus enabling CONFIG_HIBERNATION
forces CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING_NO_SANITY. For the same reason, the
poisoning with zeroes variant CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING_ZERO used to disable
hibernation. The latter restriction was removed by commit 1ad1410f63
("PM / Hibernate: allow hibernation with PAGE_POISONING_ZERO") and
similarly for init_on_free by commit 18451f9f9e ("PM: hibernate: fix
crashes with init_on_free=1") by making sure free pages are cleared after
resume.
We can use the same mechanism to instead poison free pages with
PAGE_POISON after resume. This covers both zero and 0xAA patterns. Thus
we can remove the Kconfig restriction that disables page poison sanity
checking when hibernation is enabled.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201113104033.22907-4-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> [hibernation]
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@kernel.org>
Cc: Mateusz Nosek <mateusznosek0@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When DEBUG_PAGEALLOC or ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP is enabled a page may be
not present in the direct map and has to be explicitly mapped before it
could be copied.
Introduce hibernate_map_page() and hibernation_unmap_page() that will
explicitly use set_direct_map_{default,invalid}_noflush() for
ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP case and debug_pagealloc_{map,unmap}_pages() for
DEBUG_PAGEALLOC case.
The remapping of the pages in safe_copy_page() presumes that it only
changes protection bits in an existing PTE and so it is safe to ignore
return value of set_direct_map_{default,invalid}_noflush().
Still, add a pr_warn() so that future changes in set_memory APIs will not
silently break hibernation.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201109192128.960-3-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "Edgecombe, Rick P" <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix multiple occurrences of duplicated words in kernel/.
Fix one typo/spello on the same line as a duplicate word. Change one
instance of "the the" to "that the". Otherwise just drop one of the
repeated words.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/98202fa6-8919-ef63-9efe-c0fad5ca7af1@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In order to prepare for per-object slab memory accounting, convert
NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE and NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE vmstat items to bytes.
To make it obvious, rename them to NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE_B and
NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE_B (similar to NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB).
Internally global and per-node counters are stored in pages, however memcg
and lruvec counters are stored in bytes. This scheme may look weird, but
only for now. As soon as slab pages will be shared between multiple
cgroups, global and node counters will reflect the total number of slab
pages. However memcg and lruvec counters will be used for per-memcg slab
memory tracking, which will take separate kernel objects in the account.
Keeping global and node counters in pages helps to avoid additional
overhead.
The size of slab memory shouldn't exceed 4Gb on 32-bit machines, so it
will fit into atomic_long_t we use for vmstats.
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200623174037.3951353-4-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fixed string literals can be referred to as "const char *".
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
[ rjw: Minor subject edit ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Patch series "mm: consolidate definitions of page table accessors", v2.
The low level page table accessors (pXY_index(), pXY_offset()) are
duplicated across all architectures and sometimes more than once. For
instance, we have 31 definition of pgd_offset() for 25 supported
architectures.
Most of these definitions are actually identical and typically it boils
down to, e.g.
static inline unsigned long pmd_index(unsigned long address)
{
return (address >> PMD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PMD - 1);
}
static inline pmd_t *pmd_offset(pud_t *pud, unsigned long address)
{
return (pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud) + pmd_index(address);
}
These definitions can be shared among 90% of the arches provided
XYZ_SHIFT, PTRS_PER_XYZ and xyz_page_vaddr() are defined.
For architectures that really need a custom version there is always
possibility to override the generic version with the usual ifdefs magic.
These patches introduce include/linux/pgtable.h that replaces
include/asm-generic/pgtable.h and add the definitions of the page table
accessors to the new header.
This patch (of 12):
The linux/mm.h header includes <asm/pgtable.h> to allow inlining of the
functions involving page table manipulations, e.g. pte_alloc() and
pmd_alloc(). So, there is no point to explicitly include <asm/pgtable.h>
in the files that include <linux/mm.h>.
The include statements in such cases are remove with a simple loop:
for f in $(git grep -l "include <linux/mm.h>") ; do
sed -i -e '/include <asm\/pgtable.h>/ d' $f
done
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vincent Chen <deanbo422@gmail.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200514170327.31389-1-rppt@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200514170327.31389-2-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Update maintainers. Niklas Schnelle takes over zpci and Vineeth Vijayan
common io code.
- Extend cpuinfo to include topology information.
- Add new extended counters for IBM z15 and sampling buffer allocation
rework in perf code.
- Add control over zeroing out memory during system restart.
- CCA protected key block version 2 support and other fixes/improvements
in crypto code.
- Convert to new fallthrough; annotations.
- Replace zero-length arrays with flexible-arrays.
- QDIO debugfs and other small improvements.
- Drop 2-level paging support optimization for compat tasks. Varios
mm cleanups.
- Remove broken and unused hibernate / power management support.
- Remove fake numa support which does not bring any benefits.
- Exclude offline CPUs from CPU topology masks to be more consistent
with other architectures.
- Prevent last branching instruction address leaking to userspace.
- Other small various fixes and improvements all over the code.
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Merge tag 's390-5.7-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux
Pull s390 updates from Vasily Gorbik:
- Update maintainers. Niklas Schnelle takes over zpci and Vineeth
Vijayan common io code.
- Extend cpuinfo to include topology information.
- Add new extended counters for IBM z15 and sampling buffer allocation
rework in perf code.
- Add control over zeroing out memory during system restart.
- CCA protected key block version 2 support and other
fixes/improvements in crypto code.
- Convert to new fallthrough; annotations.
- Replace zero-length arrays with flexible-arrays.
- QDIO debugfs and other small improvements.
- Drop 2-level paging support optimization for compat tasks. Varios mm
cleanups.
- Remove broken and unused hibernate / power management support.
- Remove fake numa support which does not bring any benefits.
- Exclude offline CPUs from CPU topology masks to be more consistent
with other architectures.
- Prevent last branching instruction address leaking to userspace.
- Other small various fixes and improvements all over the code.
* tag 's390-5.7-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (57 commits)
s390/mm: cleanup init_new_context() callback
s390/mm: cleanup virtual memory constants usage
s390/mm: remove page table downgrade support
s390/qdio: set qdio_irq->cdev at allocation time
s390/qdio: remove unused function declarations
s390/ccwgroup: remove pm support
s390/ap: remove power management code from ap bus and drivers
s390/zcrypt: use kvmalloc instead of kmalloc for 256k alloc
s390/mm: cleanup arch_get_unmapped_area() and friends
s390/ism: remove pm support
s390/cio: use fallthrough;
s390/vfio: use fallthrough;
s390/zcrypt: use fallthrough;
s390: use fallthrough;
s390/cpum_sf: Fix wrong page count in error message
s390/diag: fix display of diagnose call statistics
s390/ap: Remove ap device suspend and resume callbacks
s390/pci: Improve handling of unset UID
s390/pci: Fix zpci_alloc_domain() over allocation
s390/qdio: pass ISC as parameter to chsc_sadc()
...
ARCH_SAVE_PAGE_KEYS has been introduced in order to be able to save
and restore s390 specific storage keys into a hibernation image.
With hibernation support removed from s390 there is no point in
keeping the callbacks.
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Fix a mistake in a variable name in a comment.
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Upon resuming from hibernation, free pages may contain stale data from
the kernel that initiated the resume. This breaks the invariant
inflicted by init_on_free=1 that freed pages must be zeroed.
To deal with this problem, make clear_free_pages() also clear the free
pages when init_on_free is enabled.
Fixes: 6471384af2 ("mm: security: introduce init_on_alloc=1 and init_on_free=1 boot options")
Reported-by: Johannes Stezenbach <js@sig21.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: 5.3+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.3+
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
There is a spelling mistake in a pr_info message. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Hibernation fails when the kernel cannot allocate enough memory
to copy all pages of RAM in use.
Ensure that the failure reason is clearly logged, and clearly
attributable to the hibernation module.
Signed-off-by: Luigi Semenzato <semenzato@google.com>
[ rjw: Subject & changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
do_div() does a 64-by-32 division. Use div64_u64() instead of
do_div() if the divisor is u64, to avoid truncation to 32-bit.
This change also cleans up code a tad.
Signed-off-by: Wen Yang <wenyang@linux.alibaba.com>
[ rjw: Subject ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
When looking for a bit by number we make use of the cached result from the
preceding lookup to speed up operation. Firstly we check if the requested
pfn is within the cached zone and if not lookup the new zone. We then
check if the offset for that pfn falls within the existing cached node.
This happens regardless of whether the node is within the zone we are
now scanning. With certain memory layouts it is possible for this to
false trigger creating a temporary alias for the pfn to a different bit.
This leads the hibernation code to free memory which it was never allocated
with the expected fallout.
Ensure the zone we are scanning matches the cached zone before considering
the cached node.
Deep thanks go to Andrea for many, many, many hours of hacking and testing
that went into cornering this bug.
Reported-by: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):
this file is released under the gplv2
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-only
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 68 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Armijn Hemel <armijn@tjaldur.nl>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190531190114.292346262@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Make hibernate handle unmapped pages on the direct map when
CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SET_ALIAS=y is set. These functions allow for setting pages
to invalid configurations, so now hibernate should check if the pages have
valid mappings and handle if they are unmapped when doing a hibernate
save operation.
Previously this checking was already done when CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y
was configured. It does not appear to have a big hibernating performance
impact. The speed of the saving operation before this change was measured
as 819.02 MB/s, and after was measured at 813.32 MB/s.
Before:
[ 4.670938] PM: Wrote 171996 kbytes in 0.21 seconds (819.02 MB/s)
After:
[ 4.504714] PM: Wrote 178932 kbytes in 0.22 seconds (813.32 MB/s)
Signed-off-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: <deneen.t.dock@intel.com>
Cc: <kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com>
Cc: <kristen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <linux_dti@icloud.com>
Cc: <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190426001143.4983-16-namit@vmware.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Add check for the return value of memblock_alloc*() functions and call
panic() in case of error. The panic message repeats the one used by
panicing memblock allocators with adjustment of parameters to include
only relevant ones.
The replacement was mostly automated with semantic patches like the one
below with manual massaging of format strings.
@@
expression ptr, size, align;
@@
ptr = memblock_alloc(size, align);
+ if (!ptr)
+ panic("%s: Failed to allocate %lu bytes align=0x%lx\n", __func__, size, align);
[anders.roxell@linaro.org: use '%pa' with 'phys_addr_t' type]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190131161046.21886-1-anders.roxell@linaro.org
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: fix format strings for panics after memblock_alloc]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1548950940-15145-1-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: don't panic if the allocation in sparse_buffer_init fails]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190131074018.GD28876@rapoport-lnx
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix xtensa printk warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1548057848-15136-20-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <ren_guo@c-sky.com> [c-sky]
Acked-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com> [MIPS]
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> [s390]
Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> [Xen]
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> [m68k]
Acked-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> [xtensa]
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The content of pages that are marked PG_offline is not of interest (e.g.
inflated by a balloon driver), let's skip these pages.
In saveable_highmem_page(), move the PageReserved() check to a new check
along with the PageOffline() check to separate it from the swsusp
checks.
[david@redhat.com: v2]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181122100627.5189-9-david@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181119101616.8901-9-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Christian Hansen <chansen3@cisco.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Julien Freche <jfreche@vmware.com>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@redhat.com>
Cc: Kazuhito Hagio <k-hagio@ab.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
Cc: Lianbo Jiang <lijiang@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Cc: Pankaj gupta <pagupta@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <sthemmin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Xavier Deguillard <xdeguillard@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
totalram_pages and totalhigh_pages are made static inline function.
Main motivation was that managed_page_count_lock handling was complicating
things. It was discussed in length here,
https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/995739/#1181785 So it seemes
better to remove the lock and convert variables to atomic, with preventing
poteintial store-to-read tearing as a bonus.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1542090790-21750-4-git-send-email-arunks@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Arun KS <arunks@codeaurora.org>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a memblock allocation APIs are called with align = 0, the alignment
is implicitly set to SMP_CACHE_BYTES.
Implicit alignment is done deep in the memblock allocator and it can
come as a surprise. Not that such an alignment would be wrong even
when used incorrectly but it is better to be explicit for the sake of
clarity and the prinicple of the least surprise.
Replace all such uses of memblock APIs with the 'align' parameter
explicitly set to SMP_CACHE_BYTES and stop implicit alignment assignment
in the memblock internal allocation functions.
For the case when memblock APIs are used via helper functions, e.g. like
iommu_arena_new_node() in Alpha, the helper functions were detected with
Coccinelle's help and then manually examined and updated where
appropriate.
The direct memblock APIs users were updated using the semantic patch below:
@@
expression size, min_addr, max_addr, nid;
@@
(
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr,
nid)
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid_nopanic(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr,
nid)
|
- memblock_alloc_try_nid(size, 0, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_try_nid(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr, max_addr, nid)
|
- memblock_alloc(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_raw(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_raw(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_from(size, 0, min_addr)
+ memblock_alloc_from(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr)
|
- memblock_alloc_nopanic(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_low(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_low(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_low_nopanic(size, 0)
+ memblock_alloc_low_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES)
|
- memblock_alloc_from_nopanic(size, 0, min_addr)
+ memblock_alloc_from_nopanic(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, min_addr)
|
- memblock_alloc_node(size, 0, nid)
+ memblock_alloc_node(size, SMP_CACHE_BYTES, nid)
)
[mhocko@suse.com: changelog update]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: fix missed uses of implicit alignment]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181016133656.GA10925@rapoport-lnx
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1538687224-17535-1-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com> [MIPS]
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> [powerpc]
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move remaining definitions and declarations from include/linux/bootmem.h
into include/linux/memblock.h and remove the redundant header.
The includes were replaced with the semantic patch below and then
semi-automated removal of duplicated '#include <linux/memblock.h>
@@
@@
- #include <linux/bootmem.h>
+ #include <linux/memblock.h>
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: dma-direct: fix up for the removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002185342.133d1680@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: powerpc: fix up for removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005161406.73ef8727@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: x86/kaslr, ACPI/NUMA: fix for linux/bootmem.h removal]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008190341.5e396491@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-30-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
s2disk/s2both may fail unnecessarily and erratically if NR_FILE_MAPPED
is high - for instance when using VMs with VirtualBox and perhaps VMware
Player. In those situations s2disk becomes unreliable and therefore
unusable.
A typical scenario is: user issues a s2disk and it fails. User issues
a second s2disk immediately after that and it succeeds. And user
wonders why.
The problem is caused by minimum_image_size() in snapshot.c. The
value it returns is roughly 100% too high because NR_FILE_MAPPED is
subtracted in its calculation. Eventually the number of preallocated
image pages is falsely too low.
This doesn't matter as long as NR_FILE_MAPPED-values are in a normal
range or in 32bit-environments as the code allows for allocation of
additional pages from highmem.
But with the high values generated by VirtualBox-VMs (a 2-GB-VM causes
NR_FILE_MAPPED go up by 2 GB) it may lead to failure in 64bit-systems.
Not subtracting NR_FILE_MAPPED in minimum_image_size() solves the
problem.
I've done at least hundreds of successful s2both/s2disk now on an
x86_64 system (with and without VirtualBox) which gives me some
confidence that this is right. It has turned s2disk/s2both from
unusable into 100% reliable.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97201
Signed-off-by: Rainer Fiebig <jrf@mailbox.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
As the page free path makes no distinction between cache hot and cold
pages, there is no real useful ordering of pages in the free list that
allocation requests can take advantage of. Juding from the users of
__GFP_COLD, it is likely that a number of them are the result of copying
other sites instead of actually measuring the impact. Remove the
__GFP_COLD parameter which simplifies a number of paths in the page
allocator.
This is potentially controversial but bear in mind that the size of the
per-cpu pagelists versus modern cache sizes means that the whole per-cpu
list can often fit in the L3 cache. Hence, there is only a potential
benefit for microbenchmarks that alloc/free pages in a tight loop. It's
even worse when THP is taken into account which has little or no chance
of getting a cache-hot page as the per-cpu list is bypassed and the
zeroing of multiple pages will thrash the cache anyway.
The truncate microbenchmarks are not shown as this patch affects the
allocation path and not the free path. A page fault microbenchmark was
tested but it showed no sigificant difference which is not surprising
given that the __GFP_COLD branches are a miniscule percentage of the
fault path.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-9-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert printks to pr_<level>.
Miscellanea:
o Use pr_fmt with "PM:" and remove "PM: " from format strings
o Coalesce format strings and realign format arguments
o Convert an embedded incorrect function name to "%s: ", __func__
o Convert a couple multi-line formats to multiple pr_<level> calls
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
As Tetsuo points out:
"Commit 385386cff4 ("mm: vmstat: move slab statistics from zone to
node counters") broke "Slab:" field of /proc/meminfo . It shows nearly
0kB"
In addition to /proc/meminfo, this problem also affects the slab
counters OOM/allocation failure info dumps, can cause early -ENOMEM from
overcommit protection, and miscalculate image size requirements during
suspend-to-disk.
This is because the patch in question switched the slab counters from
the zone level to the node level, but forgot to update the global
accessor functions to read the aggregate node data instead of the
aggregate zone data.
Use global_node_page_state() to access the global slab counters.
Fixes: 385386cff4 ("mm: vmstat: move slab statistics from zone to node counters")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170801134256.5400-1-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Stefan Agner <stefan@agner.ch>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This header always exists, so doesn't require an ifdef around its
inclusion. When CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY=y it includes the asm
header, otherwise it provides empty versions of the set_memory_xx()
routines.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1498717781-29151-2-git-send-email-mpe@ellerman.id.au
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The first parameter of swsusp_alloc is not used, so drop it.
Signed-off-by: BaoJun Luo <baojun.luo@samsung.com>
[ rjw: Subject & changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Kbuild reported a build failure when CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX was
enabled on powerpc. We don't yet have ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY and ppc32
saw a build failure.
I've only done a basic compile test with a config that has
hibernation enabled.
Fixes: 50327ddfbc (kernel/power/snapshot.c: use set_memory.h header)
Reported-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Fixing sparse warnings: 'symbol not declared. Should it be static?'
Signed-off-by: Pushkar Jambhlekar <pushkar.iit@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
set_memory_* functions have moved to set_memory.h. Switch to this
explicitly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1488920133-27229-13-git-send-email-labbott@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to move softlockup APIs out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
<linux/nmi.h> already includes <linux/sched.h>.
Include the <linux/nmi.h> header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Both of these options are poorly named. The features they provide are
necessary for system security and should not be considered debug only.
Change the names to CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX and
CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX to better describe what these options do.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This was entirely automated, using the script by Al:
PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
$(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h)
to do the replacement at the end of the merge window.
Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
PAGE_POISONING_ZERO disables zeroing new pages on alloc, they are
poisoned (zeroed) as they become available.
In the hibernate use case, free pages will appear in the system without
being cleared, left there by the loading kernel.
This patch will make sure free pages are cleared on resume when
PAGE_POISONING_ZERO is enabled. We free the pages just after resume
because we can't do it later: going through any device resume code might
allocate some memory and invalidate the free pages bitmap.
Thus we don't need to disable hibernation when PAGE_POISONING_ZERO is
enabled.
Signed-off-by: Anisse Astier <anisse@astier.eu>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
* pm-sleep:
PM / hibernate: Fix rtree_next_node() to avoid walking off list ends
x86/power/64: Use __pa() for physical address computation
PM / sleep: Update some system sleep documentation
rtree_next_node() walks the linked list of leaf nodes to find the next
block of pages in the struct memory_bitmap. If it walks off the end of
the list of nodes, it walks the list of memory zones to find the next
region of memory. If it walks off the end of the list of zones, it
returns false.
This leaves the struct bm_position's node and zone pointers pointing
at their respective struct list_heads in struct mem_zone_bm_rtree.
memory_bm_find_bit() uses struct bm_position's node and zone pointers
to avoid walking lists and trees if the next bit appears in the same
node/zone. It handles these values being stale.
Swap rtree_next_node()s 'step then test' to 'test-next then step',
this means if we reach the end of memory we return false and leave
the node and zone pointers as they were.
This fixes a panic on resume using AMD Seattle with 64K pages:
[ 6.868732] Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.000 seconds) done.
[ 6.875753] Double checking all user space processes after OOM killer disable... (elapsed 0.000 seconds)
[ 6.896453] PM: Using 3 thread(s) for decompression.
[ 6.896453] PM: Loading and decompressing image data (5339 pages)...
[ 7.318890] PM: Image loading progress: 0%
[ 7.323395] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 00800040
[ 7.330611] pgd = ffff000008df0000
[ 7.334003] [00800040] *pgd=00000083fffe0003, *pud=00000083fffe0003, *pmd=00000083fffd0003, *pte=0000000000000000
[ 7.344266] Internal error: Oops: 96000005 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[ 7.349825] Modules linked in:
[ 7.352871] CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G W I 4.8.0-rc1 #4737
[ 7.360512] Hardware name: AMD Overdrive/Supercharger/Default string, BIOS ROD1002C 04/08/2016
[ 7.369109] task: ffff8003c0220000 task.stack: ffff8003c0280000
[ 7.375020] PC is at set_bit+0x18/0x30
[ 7.378758] LR is at memory_bm_set_bit+0x24/0x30
[ 7.383362] pc : [<ffff00000835bbc8>] lr : [<ffff0000080faf18>] pstate: 60000045
[ 7.390743] sp : ffff8003c0283b00
[ 7.473551]
[ 7.475031] Process swapper/0 (pid: 1, stack limit = 0xffff8003c0280020)
[ 7.481718] Stack: (0xffff8003c0283b00 to 0xffff8003c0284000)
[ 7.800075] Call trace:
[ 7.887097] [<ffff00000835bbc8>] set_bit+0x18/0x30
[ 7.891876] [<ffff0000080fb038>] duplicate_memory_bitmap.constprop.38+0x54/0x70
[ 7.899172] [<ffff0000080fcc40>] snapshot_write_next+0x22c/0x47c
[ 7.905166] [<ffff0000080fe1b4>] load_image_lzo+0x754/0xa88
[ 7.910725] [<ffff0000080ff0a8>] swsusp_read+0x144/0x230
[ 7.916025] [<ffff0000080fa338>] load_image_and_restore+0x58/0x90
[ 7.922105] [<ffff0000080fa660>] software_resume+0x2f0/0x338
[ 7.927752] [<ffff000008083350>] do_one_initcall+0x38/0x11c
[ 7.933314] [<ffff000008b40cc0>] kernel_init_freeable+0x14c/0x1ec
[ 7.939395] [<ffff0000087ce564>] kernel_init+0x10/0xfc
[ 7.944520] [<ffff000008082e90>] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x40
[ 7.949820] Code: d2800022 8b400c21 f9800031 9ac32043 (c85f7c22)
[ 7.955909] ---[ end trace 0024a5986e6ff323 ]---
[ 7.960529] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x0000000b
Here struct mem_zone_bm_rtree's start_pfn has been returned instead of
struct rtree_node's addr as the node/zone pointers are corrupt after
we walked off the end of the lists during mark_unsafe_pages().
This behaviour was exposed by commit 6dbecfd345 ("PM / hibernate:
Simplify mark_unsafe_pages()"), which caused mark_unsafe_pages() to call
duplicate_memory_bitmap(), which uses memory_bm_find_bit() after walking
off the end of the memory bitmap.
Fixes: 3a20cb1779 (PM / Hibernate: Implement position keeping in radix tree)
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
[ rjw: Subject ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This moves the LRU lists from the zone to the node and related data such
as counters, tracing, congestion tracking and writeback tracking.
Unfortunately, due to reclaim and compaction retry logic, it is
necessary to account for the number of LRU pages on both zone and node
logic. Most reclaim logic is based on the node counters but the retry
logic uses the zone counters which do not distinguish inactive and
active sizes. It would be possible to leave the LRU counters on a
per-zone basis but it's a heavier calculation across multiple cache
lines that is much more frequent than the retry checks.
Other than the LRU counters, this is mostly a mechanical patch but note
that it introduces a number of anomalies. For example, the scans are
per-zone but using per-node counters. We also mark a node as congested
when a zone is congested. This causes weird problems that are fixed
later but is easier to review.
In the event that there is excessive overhead on 32-bit systems due to
the nodes being on LRU then there are two potential solutions
1. Long-term isolation of highmem pages when reclaim is lowmem
When pages are skipped, they are immediately added back onto the LRU
list. If lowmem reclaim persisted for long periods of time, the same
highmem pages get continually scanned. The idea would be that lowmem
keeps those pages on a separate list until a reclaim for highmem pages
arrives that splices the highmem pages back onto the LRU. It potentially
could be implemented similar to the UNEVICTABLE list.
That would reduce the skip rate with the potential corner case is that
highmem pages have to be scanned and reclaimed to free lowmem slab pages.
2. Linear scan lowmem pages if the initial LRU shrink fails
This will break LRU ordering but may be preferable and faster during
memory pressure than skipping LRU pages.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-4-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make it possible to protect all pages holding image data during
hibernate image restoration by setting them read-only (so as to
catch attempts to write to those pages after image data have been
stored in them).
This adds overhead to image restoration code (it may cause large
page mappings to be split as a result of page flags changes) and
the errors it protects against should never happen in theory, so
the feature is only active after passing hibernate=protect_image
to the command line of the restore kernel.
Also it only is built if CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA is set.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
One branch of an if/else statement in __register_nosave_region() is
formatted against the kernel coding style which causes the code to
look slightly odd. To fix that, add missing braces to it.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Many comments in kernel/power/snapshot.c do not follow the general
comment formatting rules. They look odd, some of them are outdated
too, some are hard to parse and generally difficult to understand.
Clean them up to make them easier to comprehend.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The formatting of some function headers in kernel/power/snapshot.c
is not consistent with the general kernel coding style and with the
formatting of some other function headers in the same file.
Make all of them follow the same formatting convention.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
One of the memory bitmaps used by the hibernation image restoration
code is freed after the image has been loaded.
That is not quite efficient, though, because the memory pages used
for building that bitmap are known to be safe (ie. they were not
used by the image kernel before hibernation) and the arch-specific
code finalizing the image restoration may need them. In that case
it needs to allocate those pages again via the memory management
subsystem, check if they are really safe again by consulting the
other bitmaps and so on.
To avoid that, recycle those pages by putting them into the global
list of known safe pages so that they can be given to the arch code
right away when necessary.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Rework mark_unsafe_pages() to use a simpler method of clearing
all bits in free_pages_map and to set the bits for the "unsafe"
pages (ie. pages that were used by the image kernel before
hibernation) with the help of duplicate_memory_bitmap().
For this purpose, move the pfn_valid() check from mark_unsafe_pages()
to unpack_orig_pfns() where the "unsafe" pages are discovered.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The core image restoration code preallocates some safe pages
(ie. pages that weren't used by the image kernel before hibernation)
for future use before allocating the bulk of memory for loading the
image data. Those safe pages are then freed so they can be allocated
again (with the memory management subsystem's help). That's done to
ensure that there will be enough safe pages for temporary data
structures needed during image restoration.
However, it is not really necessary to free those pages after they
have been allocated. They can be added to the (global) list of
safe pages right away and then picked up from there when needed
without freeing.
That reduces the overhead related to using safe pages, especially
in the arch-specific code, so modify the code accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
__GFP_WAIT has been used to identify atomic context in callers that hold
spinlocks or are in interrupts. They are expected to be high priority and
have access one of two watermarks lower than "min" which can be referred
to as the "atomic reserve". __GFP_HIGH users get access to the first
lower watermark and can be called the "high priority reserve".
Over time, callers had a requirement to not block when fallback options
were available. Some have abused __GFP_WAIT leading to a situation where
an optimisitic allocation with a fallback option can access atomic
reserves.
This patch uses __GFP_ATOMIC to identify callers that are truely atomic,
cannot sleep and have no alternative. High priority users continue to use
__GFP_HIGH. __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM identifies callers that can sleep and
are willing to enter direct reclaim. __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM to identify
callers that want to wake kswapd for background reclaim. __GFP_WAIT is
redefined as a caller that is willing to enter direct reclaim and wake
kswapd for background reclaim.
This patch then converts a number of sites
o __GFP_ATOMIC is used by callers that are high priority and have memory
pools for those requests. GFP_ATOMIC uses this flag.
o Callers that have a limited mempool to guarantee forward progress clear
__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM but keep __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. bio allocations fall
into this category where kswapd will still be woken but atomic reserves
are not used as there is a one-entry mempool to guarantee progress.
o Callers that are checking if they are non-blocking should use the
helper gfpflags_allow_blocking() where possible. This is because
checking for __GFP_WAIT as was done historically now can trigger false
positives. Some exceptions like dm-crypt.c exist where the code intent
is clearer if __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is used instead of the helper due to
flag manipulations.
o Callers that built their own GFP flags instead of starting with GFP_KERNEL
and friends now also need to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM.
The first key hazard to watch out for is callers that removed __GFP_WAIT
and was depending on access to atomic reserves for inconspicuous reasons.
In some cases it may be appropriate for them to use __GFP_HIGH.
The second key hazard is callers that assembled their own combination of
GFP flags instead of starting with something like GFP_KERNEL. They may
now wish to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. It's almost certainly harmless
if it's missed in most cases as other activity will wake kswapd.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 84c91b7ae0 (PM / hibernate: avoid unsafe pages in e820 reserved
regions) is reported to make resume from hibernation on Lenovo x230
unreliable, so revert it.
We will revisit the issue the commit in question was supposed to fix
in the future.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=96111
Reported-by: rhn <kebuac.rhn@porcupinefactory.org>
Cc: 3.17+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.17+
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
