78f39084b4
541 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
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Muchun Song
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78f39084b4 |
mm: hugetlb_vmemmap: add hugetlb_optimize_vmemmap sysctl
We must add hugetlb_free_vmemmap=on (or "off") to the boot cmdline and
reboot the server to enable or disable the feature of optimizing vmemmap
pages associated with HugeTLB pages. However, rebooting usually takes a
long time. So add a sysctl to enable or disable the feature at runtime
without rebooting. Why we need this? There are 3 use cases.
1) The feature of minimizing overhead of struct page associated with
each HugeTLB is disabled by default without passing
"hugetlb_free_vmemmap=on" to the boot cmdline. When we (ByteDance)
deliver the servers to the users who want to enable this feature, they
have to configure the grub (change boot cmdline) and reboot the
servers, whereas rebooting usually takes a long time (we have thousands
of servers). It's a very bad experience for the users. So we need a
approach to enable this feature after rebooting. This is a use case in
our practical environment.
2) Some use cases are that HugeTLB pages are allocated 'on the fly'
instead of being pulled from the HugeTLB pool, those workloads would be
affected with this feature enabled. Those workloads could be
identified by the characteristics of they never explicitly allocating
huge pages with 'nr_hugepages' but only set 'nr_overcommit_hugepages'
and then let the pages be allocated from the buddy allocator at fault
time. We can confirm it is a real use case from the commit
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Muchun Song
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6e02c46b4d |
mm: memory_hotplug: override memmap_on_memory when hugetlb_free_vmemmap=on
Optimizing HugeTLB vmemmap pages is not compatible with allocating memmap on hot added memory. If "hugetlb_free_vmemmap=on" and memory_hotplug.memmap_on_memory" are both passed on the kernel command line, optimizing hugetlb pages takes precedence. However, the global variable memmap_on_memory will still be set to 1, even though we will not try to allocate memmap on hot added memory. Also introduce mhp_memmap_on_memory() helper to move the definition of "memmap_on_memory" to the scope of CONFIG_MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY. In the next patch, mhp_memmap_on_memory() will also be exported to be used in hugetlb_vmemmap.c. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220512041142.39501-3-songmuchun@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@google.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Zi Yan
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b2c9e2fbba |
mm: make alloc_contig_range work at pageblock granularity
alloc_contig_range() worked at MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES granularity to avoid merging pageblocks with different migratetypes. It might unnecessarily convert extra pageblocks at the beginning and at the end of the range. Change alloc_contig_range() to work at pageblock granularity. Special handling is needed for free pages and in-use pages across the boundaries of the range specified by alloc_contig_range(). Because these= Partially isolated pages causes free page accounting issues. The free pages will be split and freed into separate migratetype lists; the in-use= Pages will be migrated then the freed pages will be handled in the aforementioned way. [ziy@nvidia.com: fix deadlock/crash] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/23A7297E-6C84-4138-A9FE-3598234004E6@nvidia.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220425143118.2850746-4-zi.yan@sent.com Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Eric Ren <renzhengeek@gmail.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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liusongtang
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6366238b8d |
mm/memory_hotplug: use pgprot_val to get value of pgprot
pgprot.pgprot is non-portable code. It should be replaced by portable macro pgprot_val. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220426071302.220646-1-liusongtang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: liusongtang <liusongtang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Xiaoming Ni <nixiaoming@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Joao Martins
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e3246d8f52 |
mm/sparse-vmemmap: add a pgmap argument to section activation
Patch series "sparse-vmemmap: memory savings for compound devmaps (device-dax)", v9.
This series minimizes 'struct page' overhead by pursuing a similar
approach as Muchun Song series "Free some vmemmap pages of hugetlb page"
(now merged since v5.14), but applied to devmap with @vmemmap_shift
(device-dax).
The vmemmap dedpulication original idea (already used in HugeTLB) is to
reuse/deduplicate tail page vmemmap areas, particular the area which only
describes tail pages. So a vmemmap page describes 64 struct pages, and
the first page for a given ZONE_DEVICE vmemmap would contain the head page
and 63 tail pages. The second vmemmap page would contain only tail pages,
and that's what gets reused across the rest of the subsection/section.
The bigger the page size, the bigger the savings (2M hpage -> save 6
vmemmap pages; 1G hpage -> save 4094 vmemmap pages).
This is done for PMEM /specifically only/ on device-dax configured
namespaces, not fsdax. In other words, a devmap with a @vmemmap_shift.
In terms of savings, per 1Tb of memory, the struct page cost would go down
with compound devmap:
* with 2M pages we lose 4G instead of 16G (0.39% instead of 1.5% of
total memory)
* with 1G pages we lose 40MB instead of 16G (0.0014% instead of 1.5% of
total memory)
The series is mostly summed up by patch 4, and to summarize what the
series does:
Patches 1 - 3: Minor cleanups in preparation for patch 4. Move the very
nice docs of hugetlb_vmemmap.c into a Documentation/vm/ entry.
Patch 4: Patch 4 is the one that takes care of the struct page savings
(also referred to here as tail-page/vmemmap deduplication). Much like
Muchun series, we reuse the second PTE tail page vmemmap areas across a
given @vmemmap_shift On important difference though, is that contrary to
the hugetlbfs series, there's no vmemmap for the area because we are
late-populating it as opposed to remapping a system-ram range. IOW no
freeing of pages of already initialized vmemmap like the case for
hugetlbfs, which greatly simplifies the logic (besides not being
arch-specific). altmap case unchanged and still goes via the
vmemmap_populate(). Also adjust the newly added docs to the device-dax
case.
[Note that device-dax is still a little behind HugeTLB in terms of
savings. I have an additional simple patch that reuses the head vmemmap
page too, as a follow-up. That will double the savings and namespaces
initialization.]
Patch 5: Initialize fewer struct pages depending on the page size with
DRAM backed struct pages -- because fewer pages are unique and most tail
pages (with bigger vmemmap_shift).
NVDIMM namespace bootstrap improves from ~268-358 ms to
~80-110/<1ms on 128G NVDIMMs with 2M and 1G respectivally. And struct
page needed capacity will be 3.8x / 1071x smaller for 2M and 1G
respectivelly. Tested on x86 with 1.5Tb of pmem (including pinning,
and RDMA registration/deregistration scalability with 2M MRs)
This patch (of 5):
In support of using compound pages for devmap mappings, plumb the pgmap
down to the vmemmap_populate implementation. Note that while altmap is
retrievable from pgmap the memory hotplug code passes altmap without
pgmap[*], so both need to be independently plumbed.
So in addition to @altmap, pass @pgmap to sparse section populate
functions namely:
sparse_add_section
section_activate
populate_section_memmap
__populate_section_memmap
Passing @pgmap allows __populate_section_memmap() to both fetch the
vmemmap_shift in which memmap metadata is created for and also to let
sparse-vmemmap fetch pgmap ranges to co-relate to a given section and pick
whether to just reuse tail pages from past onlined sections.
While at it, fix the kdoc for @altmap for sparse_add_section().
[*] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20210319092635.6214-1-osalvador@suse.de/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220420155310.9712-1-joao.m.martins@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220420155310.9712-2-joao.m.martins@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Muchun Song
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f10f1442c3 |
mm: hugetlb_vmemmap: cleanup hugetlb_free_vmemmap_enabled*
The word of "free" is not expressive enough to express the feature of optimizing vmemmap pages associated with each HugeTLB, rename this keywork to "optimize". In this patch , cheanup the static key and hugetlb_free_vmemmap_enabled() to make code more expressive. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220404074652.68024-3-songmuchun@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Linus Torvalds
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9030fb0bb9 |
Folio changes for 5.18
- Rewrite how munlock works to massively reduce the contention
on i_mmap_rwsem (Hugh Dickins):
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/8e4356d-9622-a7f0-b2c-f116b5f2efea@google.com/
- Sort out the page refcount mess for ZONE_DEVICE pages (Christoph Hellwig):
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20220210072828.2930359-1-hch@lst.de/
- Convert GUP to use folios and make pincount available for order-1
pages. (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert a few more truncation functions to use folios (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert page_vma_mapped_walk to use PFNs instead of pages (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert rmap_walk to use folios (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert most of shrink_page_list() to use a folio (Matthew Wilcox)
- Add support for creating large folios in readahead (Matthew Wilcox)
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Merge tag 'folio-5.18c' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache
Pull folio updates from Matthew Wilcox:
- Rewrite how munlock works to massively reduce the contention on
i_mmap_rwsem (Hugh Dickins):
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/8e4356d-9622-a7f0-b2c-f116b5f2efea@google.com/
- Sort out the page refcount mess for ZONE_DEVICE pages (Christoph
Hellwig):
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20220210072828.2930359-1-hch@lst.de/
- Convert GUP to use folios and make pincount available for order-1
pages. (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert a few more truncation functions to use folios (Matthew
Wilcox)
- Convert page_vma_mapped_walk to use PFNs instead of pages (Matthew
Wilcox)
- Convert rmap_walk to use folios (Matthew Wilcox)
- Convert most of shrink_page_list() to use a folio (Matthew Wilcox)
- Add support for creating large folios in readahead (Matthew Wilcox)
* tag 'folio-5.18c' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache: (114 commits)
mm/damon: minor cleanup for damon_pa_young
selftests/vm/transhuge-stress: Support file-backed PMD folios
mm/filemap: Support VM_HUGEPAGE for file mappings
mm/readahead: Switch to page_cache_ra_order
mm/readahead: Align file mappings for non-DAX
mm/readahead: Add large folio readahead
mm: Support arbitrary THP sizes
mm: Make large folios depend on THP
mm: Fix READ_ONLY_THP warning
mm/filemap: Allow large folios to be added to the page cache
mm: Turn can_split_huge_page() into can_split_folio()
mm/vmscan: Convert pageout() to take a folio
mm/vmscan: Turn page_check_references() into folio_check_references()
mm/vmscan: Account large folios correctly
mm/vmscan: Optimise shrink_page_list for non-PMD-sized folios
mm/vmscan: Free non-shmem folios without splitting them
mm/rmap: Constify the rmap_walk_control argument
mm/rmap: Convert rmap_walk() to take a folio
mm: Turn page_anon_vma() into folio_anon_vma()
mm/rmap: Turn page_lock_anon_vma_read() into folio_lock_anon_vma_read()
...
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David Hildenbrand
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395f6081ba |
drivers/base/memory: determine and store zone for single-zone memory blocks
test_pages_in_a_zone() is just another nasty PFN walker that can easily stumble over ZONE_DEVICE memory ranges falling into the same memory block as ordinary system RAM: the memmap of parts of these ranges might possibly be uninitialized. In fact, we observed (on an older kernel) with UBSAN: UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in ./include/linux/mm.h:1133:50 index 7 is out of range for type 'zone [5]' CPU: 121 PID: 35603 Comm: read_all Kdump: loaded Tainted: [...] Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R7425/08V001, BIOS 1.12.2 11/15/2019 Call Trace: dump_stack+0x9a/0xf0 ubsan_epilogue+0x9/0x7a __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x13a/0x181 test_pages_in_a_zone+0x3c4/0x500 show_valid_zones+0x1fa/0x380 dev_attr_show+0x43/0xb0 sysfs_kf_seq_show+0x1c5/0x440 seq_read+0x49d/0x1190 vfs_read+0xff/0x300 ksys_read+0xb8/0x170 do_syscall_64+0xa5/0x4b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6a/0xdf RIP: 0033:0x7f01f4439b52 We seem to stumble over a memmap that contains a garbage zone id. While we could try inserting pfn_to_online_page() calls, it will just make memory offlining slower, because we use test_pages_in_a_zone() to make sure we're offlining pages that all belong to the same zone. Let's just get rid of this PFN walker and determine the single zone of a memory block -- if any -- for early memory blocks during boot. For memory onlining, we know the single zone already. Let's avoid any additional memmap scanning and just rely on the zone information available during boot. For memory hot(un)plug, we only really care about memory blocks that: * span a single zone (and, thereby, a single node) * are completely System RAM (IOW, no holes, no ZONE_DEVICE) If one of these conditions is not met, we reject memory offlining. Hotplugged memory blocks (starting out offline), always meet both conditions. There are three scenarios to handle: (1) Memory hot(un)plug A memory block with zone == NULL cannot be offlined, corresponding to our previous test_pages_in_a_zone() check. After successful memory onlining/offlining, we simply set the zone accordingly. * Memory onlining: set the zone we just used for onlining * Memory offlining: set zone = NULL So a hotplugged memory block starts with zone = NULL. Once memory onlining is done, we set the proper zone. (2) Boot memory with !CONFIG_NUMA We know that there is just a single pgdat, so we simply scan all zones of that pgdat for an intersection with our memory block PFN range when adding the memory block. If more than one zone intersects (e.g., DMA and DMA32 on x86 for the first memory block) we set zone = NULL and consequently mimic what test_pages_in_a_zone() used to do. (3) Boot memory with CONFIG_NUMA At the point in time we create the memory block devices during boot, we don't know yet which nodes *actually* span a memory block. While we could scan all zones of all nodes for intersections, overlapping nodes complicate the situation and scanning all nodes is possibly expensive. But that problem has already been solved by the code that sets the node of a memory block and creates the link in the sysfs -- do_register_memory_block_under_node(). So, we hook into the code that sets the node id for a memory block. If we already have a different node id set for the memory block, we know that multiple nodes *actually* have PFNs falling into our memory block: we set zone = NULL and consequently mimic what test_pages_in_a_zone() used to do. If there is no node id set, we do the same as (2) for the given node. Note that the call order in driver_init() is: -> memory_dev_init(): create memory block devices -> node_dev_init(): link memory block devices to the node and set the node id So in summary, we detect if there is a single zone responsible for this memory block and we consequently store the zone in that case in the memory block, updating it during memory onlining/offlining. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220210184359.235565-3-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reported-by: Rafael Parra <rparrazo@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Rafael Parra <rparrazo@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
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cc6515591b |
drivers/base/node: rename link_mem_sections() to register_memory_block_under_node()
Patch series "drivers/base/memory: determine and store zone for single-zone memory blocks", v2. I remember talking to Michal in the past about removing test_pages_in_a_zone(), which we use for: * verifying that a memory block we intend to offline is really only managed by a single zone. We don't support offlining of memory blocks that are managed by multiple zones (e.g., multiple nodes, DMA and DMA32) * exposing that zone to user space via /sys/devices/system/memory/memory*/valid_zones Now that I identified some more cases where test_pages_in_a_zone() might go wrong, and we received an UBSAN report (see patch #3), let's get rid of this PFN walker. So instead of detecting the zone at runtime with test_pages_in_a_zone() by scanning the memmap, let's determine and remember for each memory block if it's managed by a single zone. The stored zone can then be used for the above two cases, avoiding a manual lookup using test_pages_in_a_zone(). This avoids eventually stumbling over uninitialized memmaps in corner cases, especially when ZONE_DEVICE ranges partly fall into memory block (that are responsible for managing System RAM). Handling memory onlining is easy, because we online to exactly one zone. Handling boot memory is more tricky, because we want to avoid scanning all zones of all nodes to detect possible zones that overlap with the physical memory region of interest. Fortunately, we already have code that determines the applicable nodes for a memory block, to create sysfs links -- we'll hook into that. Patch #1 is a simple cleanup I had laying around for a longer time. Patch #2 contains the main logic to remove test_pages_in_a_zone() and further details. [1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220128144540.153902-1-david@redhat.com [2] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220203105212.30385-1-david@redhat.com This patch (of 2): Let's adjust the stale terminology, making it match unregister_memory_block_under_nodes() and do_register_memory_block_under_node(). We're dealing with memory block devices, which span 1..X memory sections. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220210184359.235565-1-david@redhat.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220210184359.235565-2-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Rafael Parra <rparrazo@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Miaohe Lin
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36ba30bc1d |
mm/memory_hotplug: fix misplaced comment in offline_pages
It's misplaced since commit
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Miaohe Lin
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b27340a5bd |
mm/memory_hotplug: clean up try_offline_node
We can use helper macro node_spanned_pages to check whether node spans pages. And we can change the parameter of check_cpu_on_node to nid as that's what it really cares. Thus we can further get rid of the local variable pgdat and improve the readability a bit. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220207133643.23427-4-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Miaohe Lin
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d6aad2016a |
mm/memory_hotplug: avoid calling zone_intersects() for ZONE_NORMAL
If zid reaches ZONE_NORMAL, the caller will always get the NORMAL zone no matter what zone_intersects() returns. So we can save some possible cpu cycles by avoid calling zone_intersects() for ZONE_NORMAL. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220207133643.23427-3-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Miaohe Lin
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2b6bf15f46 |
mm/memory_hotplug: remove obsolete comment of __add_pages
Patch series "A few cleanup patches around memory_hotplug".
This series contains a few patches to fix obsolete and misplaced comments,
clean up the try_offline_node function and so on.
This patch (of 4):
Since commit
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Michal Hocko
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70b5b46a75 |
mm, memory_hotplug: reorganize new pgdat initialization
When a !node_online node is brought up it needs a hotplug specific initialization because the node could be either uninitialized yet or it could have been recycled after previous hotremove. hotadd_init_pgdat is responsible for that. Internal pgdat state is initialized at two places currently - hotadd_init_pgdat - free_area_init_core_hotplug There is no real clear cut what should go where but this patch's chosen to move the whole internal state initialization into free_area_init_core_hotplug. hotadd_init_pgdat is still responsible to pull all the parts together - most notably to initialize zonelists because those depend on the overall topology. This patch doesn't introduce any functional change. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220127085305.20890-5-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <raquini@redhat.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Alexey Makhalov <amakhalov@vmware.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Michal Hocko
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390511e147 |
mm, memory_hotplug: drop arch_free_nodedata
Prior to "mm: handle uninitialized numa nodes gracefully" memory hotplug used to allocate pgdat when memory has been added to a node (hotadd_init_pgdat) arch_free_nodedata has been only used in the failure path because once the pgdat is exported (to be visible by NODA_DATA(nid)) it cannot really be freed because there is no synchronization available for that. pgdat is allocated for each possible nodes now so the memory hotplug doesn't need to do the ever use arch_free_nodedata so drop it. This patch doesn't introduce any functional change. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220127085305.20890-4-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <raquini@redhat.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Alexey Makhalov <amakhalov@vmware.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Michal Hocko
|
09f49dca57 |
mm: handle uninitialized numa nodes gracefully
We have had several reports [1][2][3] that page allocator blows up when an allocation from a possible node is requested. The underlying reason is that NODE_DATA for the specific node is not allocated. NUMA specific initialization is arch specific and it can vary a lot. E.g. x86 tries to initialize all nodes that have some cpu affinity (see init_cpu_to_node) but this can be insufficient because the node might be cpuless for example. One way to address this problem would be to check for !node_online nodes when trying to get a zonelist and silently fall back to another node. That is unfortunately adding a branch into allocator hot path and it doesn't handle any other potential NODE_DATA users. This patch takes a different approach (following a lead of [3]) and it pre allocates pgdat for all possible nodes in an arch indipendent code - free_area_init. All uninitialized nodes are treated as memoryless nodes. node_state of the node is not changed because that would lead to other side effects - e.g. sysfs representation of such a node and from past discussions [4] it is known that some tools might have problems digesting that. Newly allocated pgdat only gets a minimal initialization and the rest of the work is expected to be done by the memory hotplug - hotadd_new_pgdat (renamed to hotadd_init_pgdat). generic_alloc_nodedata is changed to use the memblock allocator because neither page nor slab allocators are available at the stage when all pgdats are allocated. Hotplug doesn't allocate pgdat anymore so we can use the early boot allocator. The only arch specific implementation is ia64 and that is changed to use the early allocator as well. [1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211101201312.11589-1-amakhalov@vmware.com [2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211207224013.880775-1-npache@redhat.com [3] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190114082416.30939-1-mhocko@kernel.org [4] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200428093836.27190-1-srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com [akpm@linux-foundation.org: replace comment, per Mike] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/Yfe7RBeLCijnWBON@dhcp22.suse.cz Reported-by: Alexey Makhalov <amakhalov@vmware.com> Tested-by: Alexey Makhalov <amakhalov@vmware.com> Reported-by: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <raquini@redhat.com> Tested-by: Rafael Aquini <raquini@redhat.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Muchun Song
|
a6b40850c4 |
mm: hugetlb: replace hugetlb_free_vmemmap_enabled with a static_key
The page_fixed_fake_head() is used throughout memory management and the conditional check requires checking a global variable, although the overhead of this check may be small, it increases when the memory cache comes under pressure. Also, the global variable will not be modified after system boot, so it is very appropriate to use static key machanism. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211101031651.75851-3-songmuchun@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com> Cc: Bodeddula Balasubramaniam <bodeddub@amazon.com> Cc: Chen Huang <chenhuang5@huawei.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Fam Zheng <fam.zheng@bytedance.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com> Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
|
869f7ee6f6 |
mm/rmap: Convert try_to_unmap() to take a folio
Change all three callers and the worker function try_to_unmap_one(). Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> |
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Jakub Kicinski
|
8581fd402a |
treewide: Add missing includes masked by cgroup -> bpf dependency
cgroup.h (therefore swap.h, therefore half of the universe) includes bpf.h which in turn includes module.h and slab.h. Since we're about to get rid of that dependency we need to clean things up. v2: drop the cpu.h include from cacheinfo.h, it's not necessary and it makes riscv sensitive to ordering of include files. Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Acked-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kw@linux.com> Acked-by: Peter Chen <peter.chen@kernel.org> Acked-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211120035253.72074-1-kuba@kernel.org/ # v1 Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211120165528.197359-1-kuba@kernel.org/ # cacheinfo discussion Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20211202203400.1208663-1-kuba@kernel.org |
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David Hildenbrand
|
32befe9e27 |
mm/memory_hotplug: indicate MEMBLOCK_DRIVER_MANAGED with IORESOURCE_SYSRAM_DRIVER_MANAGED
Let's communicate driver-managed regions to memblock, to properly teach kexec_file with CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK to not place images on these memory regions. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211004093605.5830-6-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Jianyong Wu <Jianyong.Wu@arm.com> Cc: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Shahab Vahedi <shahab@synopsys.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
952eea9b01 |
memblock: allow to specify flags with memblock_add_node()
We want to specify flags when hotplugging memory. Let's prepare to pass flags to memblock_add_node() by adjusting all existing users. Note that when hotplugging memory the system is already up and running and we might have concurrent memblock users: for example, while we're hotplugging memory, kexec_file code might search for suitable memory regions to place kexec images. It's important to add the memory directly to memblock via a single call with the right flags, instead of adding the memory first and apply flags later: otherwise, concurrent memblock users might temporarily stumble over memblocks with wrong flags, which will be important in a follow-up patch that introduces a new flag to properly handle add_memory_driver_managed(). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211004093605.5830-4-david@redhat.com Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Shahab Vahedi <shahab@synopsys.com> [arch/arc] Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Jianyong Wu <Jianyong.Wu@arm.com> Cc: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
53d38316ab |
mm/memory_hotplug: handle memblock_add_node() failures in add_memory_resource()
Patch series "mm/memory_hotplug: full support for add_memory_driver_managed() with CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK", v2.
Architectures that require CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK=y, such as arm64,
don't cleanly support add_memory_driver_managed() yet. Most
prominently, kexec_file can still end up placing kexec images on such
driver-managed memory, resulting in undesired behavior, for example,
having kexec images located on memory not part of the firmware-provided
memory map.
Teaching kexec to not place images on driver-managed memory is
especially relevant for virtio-mem. Details can be found in commit
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David Hildenbrand
|
6b740c6c3a |
mm/memory_hotplug: remove HIGHMEM leftovers
We don't support CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG on 32 bit and consequently not HIGHMEM. Let's remove any leftover code -- including the unused "status_change_nid_high" field part of the memory notifier. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210929143600.49379-5-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
50f9481ed9 |
mm/memory_hotplug: remove CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG depends on CONFIG_SPARSEMEM, so there is no need for CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE anymore; adjust all instances to use CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG and remove CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210929143600.49379-3-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> [kselftest] Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Acked-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Tang Yizhou
|
ac62554ba7 |
mm/memory_hotplug: add static qualifier for online_policy_to_str()
online_policy_to_str is only used in memory_hotplug.c and should be defined as static. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210913024534.26161-1-tangyizhou@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Tang Yizhou <tangyizhou@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Mike Rapoport
|
3ecc68349b |
memblock: rename memblock_free to memblock_phys_free
Since memblock_free() operates on a physical range, make its name
reflect it and rename it to memblock_phys_free(), so it will be a
logical counterpart to memblock_phys_alloc().
The callers are updated with the below semantic patch:
@@
expression addr;
expression size;
@@
- memblock_free(addr, size);
+ memblock_phys_free(addr, size);
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930185031.18648-6-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Shahab Vahedi <Shahab.Vahedi@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Linus Torvalds
|
2d338201d5 |
Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)
Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:
"147 patches, based on
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Miaohe Lin
|
5ef5f81019 |
mm/memory_hotplug: use helper zone_is_zone_device() to simplify the code
Patch series "Cleanup and fixups for memory hotplug". This series contains cleanup to use helper function to simplify the code. Also we fix some potential bugs. More details can be found in the respective changelogs. This patch (of 3): Use helper zone_is_zone_device() to simplify the code and remove some explicit CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE codes. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210821094246.10149-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210821094246.10149-2-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Chris Goldsworthy <cgoldswo@codeaurora.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
3fcebf9020 |
mm/memory_hotplug: improved dynamic memory group aware "auto-movable" online policy
Currently, the "auto-movable" online policy does not allow for hotplugged KERNEL (ZONE_NORMAL) memory to increase the amount of MOVABLE memory we can have, primarily, because there is no coordiantion across memory devices and we don't want to create zone-imbalances accidentially when unplugging memory. However, within a single memory device it's different. Let's allow for KERNEL memory within a dynamic memory group to allow for more MOVABLE within the same memory group. The only thing we have to take care of is that the managing driver avoids zone imbalances by unplugging MOVABLE memory first, otherwise there can be corner cases where unplug of memory could result in (accidential) zone imbalances. virtio-mem is the only user of dynamic memory groups and recently added support for prioritizing unplug of ZONE_MOVABLE over ZONE_NORMAL, so we don't need a new toggle to enable it for dynamic memory groups. We limit this handling to dynamic memory groups, because: * We want to keep the runtime overhead for collecting stats when onlining a single memory block small. We tend to have only a handful of dynamic memory groups, but we can have quite some static memory groups (e.g., 256 DIMMs). * It doesn't make too much sense for static memory groups, as we try onlining all applicable memory blocks either completely to ZONE_MOVABLE or not. In ordinary operation, we won't have a mixture of zones within a static memory group. When adding memory to a dynamic memory group, we'll first online memory to ZONE_MOVABLE as long as early KERNEL memory allows for it. Then, we'll online the next unit(s) to ZONE_NORMAL, until we can online the next unit(s) to ZONE_MOVABLE. For a simple virtio-mem device with a MOVABLE:KERNEL ratio of 3:1, it will result in a layout like: [M][M][M][M][M][M][M][M][N][M][M][M][N][M][M][M]... ^ movable memory due to early kernel memory ^ allows for more movable memory ... ^-----^ ... here ^ allows for more movable memory ... ^-----^ ... here While the created layout is sub-optimal when it comes to contiguous zones, it gives us the maximum flexibility when dynamically growing/shrinking a device; we can grow small VMs really big in small steps, and still shrink reliably to e.g., 1/4 of the maximum VM size in this example, removing full memory blocks along with meta data more reliably. Mark dynamic memory groups in the xarray such that we can efficiently iterate over them when collecting stats. In usual setups, we have one virtio-mem device per NUMA node, and usually only a small number of NUMA nodes. Note: for now, there seems to be no compelling reason to make this behavior configurable. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-10-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
David Hildenbrand
|
445fcf7c72 |
mm/memory_hotplug: memory group aware "auto-movable" online policy
Use memory groups to improve our "auto-movable" onlining policy: 1. For static memory groups (e.g., a DIMM), online a memory block MOVABLE only if all other memory blocks in the group are either MOVABLE or could be onlined MOVABLE. A DIMM will either be MOVABLE or not, not a mixture. 2. For dynamic memory groups (e.g., a virtio-mem device), online a memory block MOVABLE only if all other memory blocks inside the current unit are either MOVABLE or could be onlined MOVABLE. For a virtio-mem device with a device block size with 512 MiB, all 128 MiB memory blocks wihin a 512 MiB unit will either be MOVABLE or not, not a mixture. We have to pass the memory group to zone_for_pfn_range() to take the memory group into account. Note: for now, there seems to be no compelling reason to make this behavior configurable. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-9-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
David Hildenbrand
|
836809ec75 |
mm/memory_hotplug: track present pages in memory groups
Let's track all present pages in each memory group. Especially, track memory present in ZONE_MOVABLE and memory present in one of the kernel zones (which really only is ZONE_NORMAL right now as memory groups only apply to hotplugged memory) separately within a memory group, to prepare for making smart auto-online decision for individual memory blocks within a memory group based on group statistics. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-5-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
David Hildenbrand
|
028fc57a1c |
drivers/base/memory: introduce "memory groups" to logically group memory blocks
In our "auto-movable" memory onlining policy, we want to make decisions across memory blocks of a single memory device. Examples of memory devices include ACPI memory devices (in the simplest case a single DIMM) and virtio-mem. For now, we don't have a connection between a single memory block device and the real memory device. Each memory device consists of 1..X memory block devices. Let's logically group memory blocks belonging to the same memory device in "memory groups". Memory groups can span multiple physical ranges and a memory group itself does not contain any information regarding physical ranges, only properties (e.g., "max_pages") necessary for improved memory onlining. Introduce two memory group types: 1) Static memory group: E.g., a single ACPI memory device, consisting of 1..X memory resources. A memory group consists of 1..Y memory blocks. The whole group is added/removed in one go. If any part cannot get offlined, the whole group cannot be removed. 2) Dynamic memory group: E.g., a single virtio-mem device. Memory is dynamically added/removed in a fixed granularity, called a "unit", consisting of 1..X memory blocks. A unit is added/removed in one go. If any part of a unit cannot get offlined, the whole unit cannot be removed. In case of 1) we usually want either all memory managed by ZONE_MOVABLE or none. In case of 2) we usually want to have as many units as possible managed by ZONE_MOVABLE. We want a single unit to be of the same type. For now, memory groups are an internal concept that is not exposed to user space; we might want to change that in the future, though. add_memory() users can specify a mgid instead of a nid when passing the MHP_NID_IS_MGID flag. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-4-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
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e83a437faa |
mm/memory_hotplug: introduce "auto-movable" online policy
When onlining without specifying a zone (using "online" instead of "online_kernel" or "online_movable"), we currently select a zone such that existing zones are kept contiguous. This online policy made sense in the past, where contiguous zones where required. We'd like to implement smarter policies, however: * User space has little insight. As one example, it has no idea which memory blocks logically belong together (e.g., to a DIMM or to a virtio-mem device). * Drivers that add memory in separate memory blocks, especially virtio-mem, want memory to get onlined right from the kernel when adding. So we really want to have onlining to differing zones managed in the kernel, configured by user space. We see more and more cases where we might eventually hotplug a lot of memory in the future (e.g., eventually grow a 2 GiB VM to 64 GiB), however: * Resizing happens dynamically, in smaller steps in both directions (e.g., 2 GiB -> 8 GiB -> 4 GiB -> 16 GiB ...) * We still want as much flexibility as possible, especially, hotunplugging as much memory as possible later. We can really only use "online_movable" if we know that the amount of memory we are going to hotplug upfront, and we know that it won't result in a zone imbalance. So in our example, a 2 GiB VM that could grow to 64 GiB could currently not use "online_movable", and instead, "online_kernel" would have to be used, resulting in worse (no) memory hotunplug reliability. Let's add a new "auto-movable" online policy that considers the current zone ratios (global, per-node) to determine, whether we a memory block can be onlined to ZONE_MOVABLE: MOVABLE : KERNEL However, internally we'll only consider the following ratio for now: MOVABLE : KERNEL_EARLY For now, we don't allow for hotplugged KERNEL memory to allow for more MOVABLE memory, because there is no coordination across memory devices. In follow-up patches, we will allow for more KERNEL memory within a memory device to allow for more MOVABLE memory within the same memory device -- which only makes sense for special memory device types. We base our calculation on "present pages", see the code comments for details. Hotplugged memory will get online to ZONE_MOVABLE if the configured ratio allows for it. Depending on the setup, this can result in fragmented zones, which can make compaction slower and dynamic allocation of gigantic pages when not using CMA less reliable (... which is already pretty unreliable). The old policy will be the default and called "contig-zones". In follow-up patches, our new policy will use additional information, such as memory groups, to make even smarter decisions across memory blocks. Configuration: * memory_hotplug.online_policy is used to switch between both polices and defaults to "contig-zones". * memory_hotplug.auto_movable_ratio defines the maximum ratio is in percent and defaults to "301" -- allowing e.g., most 8 GiB machines to grow to 32 GiB and have all hotplugged memory in ZONE_MOVABLE. The additional percent accounts for a handful of lost present pages (e.g., firmware allocations). User space is expected to adjust this ratio when enabling the new "auto-movable" policy, though. * memory_hotplug.auto_movable_numa_aware considers numa node stats in addition to global stats, and defaults to "true". Note: just like the old policy, the new policy won't take things like unmovable huge pages or memory ballooning that doesn't support balloon compaction into account. User space has to configure onlining accordingly. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-3-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
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4b09700244 |
mm: track present early pages per zone
Patch series "mm/memory_hotplug: "auto-movable" online policy and memory groups", v3.
I. Goal
The goal of this series is improving in-kernel auto-online support. It
tackles the fundamental problems that:
1) We can create zone imbalances when onlining all memory blindly to
ZONE_MOVABLE, in the worst case crashing the system. We have to know
upfront how much memory we are going to hotplug such that we can
safely enable auto-onlining of all hotplugged memory to ZONE_MOVABLE
via "online_movable". This is far from practical and only applicable in
limited setups -- like inside VMs under the RHV/oVirt hypervisor which
will never hotplug more than 3 times the boot memory (and the
limitation is only in place due to the Linux limitation).
2) We see more setups that implement dynamic VM resizing, hot(un)plugging
memory to resize VM memory. In these setups, we might hotplug a lot of
memory, but it might happen in various small steps in both directions
(e.g., 2 GiB -> 8 GiB -> 4 GiB -> 16 GiB ...). virtio-mem is the
primary driver of this upstream right now, performing such dynamic
resizing NUMA-aware via multiple virtio-mem devices.
Onlining all hotplugged memory to ZONE_NORMAL means we basically have
no hotunplug guarantees. Onlining all to ZONE_MOVABLE means we can
easily run into zone imbalances when growing a VM. We want a mixture,
and we want as much memory as reasonable/configured in ZONE_MOVABLE.
Details regarding zone imbalances can be found at [1].
3) Memory devices consist of 1..X memory block devices, however, the
kernel doesn't really track the relationship. Consequently, also user
space has no idea. We want to make per-device decisions.
As one example, for memory hotunplug it doesn't make sense to use a
mixture of zones within a single DIMM: we want all MOVABLE if
possible, otherwise all !MOVABLE, because any !MOVABLE part will easily
block the whole DIMM from getting hotunplugged.
As another example, virtio-mem operates on individual units that span
1..X memory blocks. Similar to a DIMM, we want a unit to either be all
MOVABLE or !MOVABLE. A "unit" can be thought of like a DIMM, however,
all units of a virtio-mem device logically belong together and are
managed (added/removed) by a single driver. We want as much memory of
a virtio-mem device to be MOVABLE as possible.
4) We want memory onlining to be done right from the kernel while adding
memory, not triggered by user space via udev rules; for example, this
is reqired for fast memory hotplug for drivers that add individual
memory blocks, like virito-mem. We want a way to configure a policy in
the kernel and avoid implementing advanced policies in user space.
The auto-onlining support we have in the kernel is not sufficient. All we
have is a) online everything MOVABLE (online_movable) b) online everything
!MOVABLE (online_kernel) c) keep zones contiguous (online). This series
allows configuring c) to mean instead "online movable if possible
according to the coniguration, driven by a maximum MOVABLE:KERNEL ratio"
-- a new onlining policy.
II. Approach
This series does 3 things:
1) Introduces the "auto-movable" online policy that initially operates on
individual memory blocks only. It uses a maximum MOVABLE:KERNEL ratio
to make a decision whether a memory block will be onlined to
ZONE_MOVABLE or not. However, in the basic form, hotplugged KERNEL
memory does not allow for more MOVABLE memory (details in the
patches). CMA memory is treated like MOVABLE memory.
2) Introduces static (e.g., DIMM) and dynamic (e.g., virtio-mem) memory
groups and uses group information to make decisions in the
"auto-movable" online policy across memory blocks of a single memory
device (modeled as memory group). More details can be found in patch
#3 or in the DIMM example below.
3) Maximizes ZONE_MOVABLE memory within dynamic memory groups, by
allowing ZONE_NORMAL memory within a dynamic memory group to allow for
more ZONE_MOVABLE memory within the same memory group. The target use
case is dynamic VM resizing using virtio-mem. See the virtio-mem
example below.
I remember that the basic idea of using a ratio to implement a policy in
the kernel was once mentioned by Vitaly Kuznetsov, but I might be wrong (I
lost the pointer to that discussion).
For me, the main use case is using it along with virtio-mem (and DIMMs /
ppc64 dlpar where necessary) for dynamic resizing of VMs, increasing the
amount of memory we can hotunplug reliably again if we might eventually
hotplug a lot of memory to a VM.
III. Target Usage
The target usage will be:
1) Linux boots with "mhp_default_online_type=offline"
2) User space (e.g., systemd unit) configures memory onlining (according
to a config file and system properties), for example:
* Setting memory_hotplug.online_policy=auto-movable
* Setting memory_hotplug.auto_movable_ratio=301
* Setting memory_hotplug.auto_movable_numa_aware=true
3) User space enabled auto onlining via "echo online >
/sys/devices/system/memory/auto_online_blocks"
4) User space triggers manual onlining of all already-offline memory
blocks (go over offline memory blocks and set them to "online")
IV. Example
For DIMMs, hotplugging 4 GiB DIMMs to a 4 GiB VM with a configured ratio of
301% results in the following layout:
Memory block 0-15: DMA32 (early)
Memory block 32-47: Normal (early)
Memory block 48-79: Movable (DIMM 0)
Memory block 80-111: Movable (DIMM 1)
Memory block 112-143: Movable (DIMM 2)
Memory block 144-275: Normal (DIMM 3)
Memory block 176-207: Normal (DIMM 4)
... all Normal
(-> hotplugged Normal memory does not allow for more Movable memory)
For virtio-mem, using a simple, single virtio-mem device with a 4 GiB VM
will result in the following layout:
Memory block 0-15: DMA32 (early)
Memory block 32-47: Normal (early)
Memory block 48-143: Movable (virtio-mem, first 12 GiB)
Memory block 144: Normal (virtio-mem, next 128 MiB)
Memory block 145-147: Movable (virtio-mem, next 384 MiB)
Memory block 148: Normal (virtio-mem, next 128 MiB)
Memory block 149-151: Movable (virtio-mem, next 384 MiB)
... Normal/Movable mixture as above
(-> hotplugged Normal memory allows for more Movable memory within
the same device)
Which gives us maximum flexibility when dynamically growing/shrinking a
VM in smaller steps.
V. Doc Update
I'll update the memory-hotplug.rst documentation, once the overhaul [1] is
usptream. Until then, details can be found in patch #2.
VI. Future Work
1) Use memory groups for ppc64 dlpar
2) Being able to specify a portion of (early) kernel memory that will be
excluded from the ratio. Like "128 MiB globally/per node" are excluded.
This might be helpful when starting VMs with extremely small memory
footprint (e.g., 128 MiB) and hotplugging memory later -- not wanting
the first hotplugged units getting onlined to ZONE_MOVABLE. One
alternative would be a trigger to not consider ZONE_DMA memory
in the ratio. We'll have to see if this is really rrequired.
3) Indicate to user space that MOVABLE might be a bad idea -- especially
relevant when memory ballooning without support for balloon compaction
is active.
This patch (of 9):
For implementing a new memory onlining policy, which determines when to
online memory blocks to ZONE_MOVABLE semi-automatically, we need the
number of present early (boot) pages -- present pages excluding hotplugged
pages. Let's track these pages per zone.
Pass a page instead of the zone to adjust_present_page_count(), similar as
adjust_managed_page_count() and derive the zone from the page.
It's worth noting that a memory block to be offlined/onlined is either
completely "early" or "not early". add_memory() and friends can only add
complete memory blocks and we only online/offline complete (individual)
memory blocks.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-1-david@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210806124715.17090-2-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Marek Kedzierski <mkedzier@redhat.com>
Cc: Hui Zhu <teawater@gmail.com>
Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
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David Hildenbrand
|
e1c158e495 |
mm/memory_hotplug: remove nid parameter from remove_memory() and friends
There is only a single user remaining. We can simply lookup the nid only used for node offlining purposes when walking our memory blocks. We don't expect to remove multi-nid ranges; and if we'd ever do, we most probably don't care about removing multi-nid ranges that actually result in empty nodes. If ever required, we can detect the "multi-nid" scenario and simply try offlining all online nodes. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210712124052.26491-4-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc) Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com> Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Nathan Lynch <nathanl@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Scott Cheloha <cheloha@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@ozlabs.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jia He <justin.he@arm.com> Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michel Lespinasse <michel@lespinasse.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta@ionos.com> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org> Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
65a2aa5f48 |
mm/memory_hotplug: remove nid parameter from arch_remove_memory()
The parameter is unused, let's remove it. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210712124052.26491-3-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> [powerpc] Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> [s390] Reviewed-by: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta@ionos.com> Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Michel Lespinasse <michel@lespinasse.org> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Cc: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jia He <justin.he@arm.com> Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@ozlabs.org> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Nathan Lynch <nathanl@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Scott Cheloha <cheloha@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com> Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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David Hildenbrand
|
7cf209ba8a |
mm/memory_hotplug: use "unsigned long" for PFN in zone_for_pfn_range()
Patch series "mm/memory_hotplug: preparatory patches for new online policy and memory"
These are all cleanups and one fix previously sent as part of [1]:
[PATCH v1 00/12] mm/memory_hotplug: "auto-movable" online policy and memory
groups.
These patches make sense even without the other series, therefore I pulled
them out to make the other series easier to digest.
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210607195430.48228-1-david@redhat.com
This patch (of 4):
Checkpatch complained on a follow-up patch that we are using "unsigned"
here, which defaults to "unsigned int" and checkpatch is correct.
As we will search for a fitting zone using the wrong pfn, we might end
up onlining memory to one of the special kernel zones, such as ZONE_DMA,
which can end badly as the onlined memory does not satisfy properties of
these zones.
Use "unsigned long" instead, just as we do in other places when handling
PFNs. This can bite us once we have physical addresses in the range of
multiple TB.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210712124052.26491-2-david@redhat.com
Fixes:
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|
Mike Rapoport
|
673d40c82e |
mm: memory_hotplug: cleanup after removal of pfn_valid_within()
When test_pages_in_a_zone() used pfn_valid_within() is has some logic surrounding pfn_valid_within() checks. Since pfn_valid_within() is gone, this logic can be removed. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210713080035.7464-3-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Mike Rapoport
|
859a85ddf9 |
mm: remove pfn_valid_within() and CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE
Patch series "mm: remove pfn_valid_within() and CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE". After recent updates to freeing unused parts of the memory map, no architecture can have holes in the memory map within a pageblock. This makes pfn_valid_within() check and CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE configuration option redundant. The first patch removes them both in a mechanical way and the second patch simplifies memory_hotplug::test_pages_in_a_zone() that had pfn_valid_within() surrounded by more logic than simple if. This patch (of 2): After recent changes in freeing of the unused parts of the memory map and rework of pfn_valid() in arm and arm64 there are no architectures that can have holes in the memory map within a pageblock and so nothing can enable CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE which guards non trivial implementation of pfn_valid_within(). With that, pfn_valid_within() is always hardwired to 1 and can be completely removed. Remove calls to pfn_valid_within() and CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210713080035.7464-1-rppt@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210713080035.7464-2-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Yang Shi
|
5ac95884a7 |
mm/migrate: enable returning precise migrate_pages() success count
Under normal circumstances, migrate_pages() returns the number of pages migrated. In error conditions, it returns an error code. When returning an error code, there is no way to know how many pages were migrated or not migrated. Make migrate_pages() return how many pages are demoted successfully for all cases, including when encountering errors. Page reclaim behavior will depend on this in subsequent patches. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210721063926.3024591-3-ying.huang@intel.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210715055145.195411-4-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Suggested-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> [optional parameter] Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Miaohe Lin
|
946746d1ad |
mm/memory_hotplug: fix potential permanent lru cache disable
If offline_pages failed after lru_cache_disable(), it forgot to do
lru_cache_enable() in error path. So we would have lru cache disabled
permanently in this case.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210821094246.10149-3-linmiaohe@huawei.com
Fixes:
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Mel Gorman
|
5640c9ca7e |
mm/memory_hotplug: fix kerneldoc comment for __remove_memory
make W=1 generates the following warning for __remove_memory mm/memory_hotplug.c:2044: warning: expecting prototype for remove_memory(). Prototype was for __remove_memory() instead Commit |
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|
Mel Gorman
|
ba2d26660d |
mm/memory_hotplug: fix kerneldoc comment for __try_online_node
make W=1 generates the following warning for try_online_node mm/memory_hotplug.c:1087: warning: expecting prototype for try_online_node(). Prototype was for __try_online_node() instead Commit |
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Zhen Lei
|
041711ce7c |
mm: fix spelling mistakes
Fix some spelling mistakes in comments: each having differents usage ==> each has a different usage statments ==> statements adresses ==> addresses aggresive ==> aggressive datas ==> data posion ==> poison higer ==> higher precisly ==> precisely wont ==> won't We moves tha ==> We move the endianess ==> endianness Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210519065853.7723-2-thunder.leizhen@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Oscar Salvador
|
27cacaad16 |
mm,memory_hotplug: drop unneeded locking
Currently, memory-hotplug code takes zone's span_writelock and pgdat's
resize_lock when resizing the node/zone's spanned pages via
{move_pfn_range_to_zone(),remove_pfn_range_from_zone()} and when resizing
node and zone's present pages via adjust_present_page_count().
These locks are also taken during the initialization of the system at boot
time, where it protects parallel struct page initialization, but they
should not really be needed in memory-hotplug where all operations are a)
synchronized on device level and b) serialized by the mem_hotplug_lock
lock.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove now-unused locals]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210531093958.15021-1-osalvador@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Liam Mark
|
786dee8648 |
mm/memory_hotplug: rate limit page migration warnings
When offlining memory the system can attempt to migrate a lot of pages, if there are problems with migration this can flood the logs. Printing all the data hogs the CPU and cause some RT threads to run for a long time, which may have some bad consequences. Rate limit the page migration warnings in order to avoid this. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210505140542.24935-1-georgi.djakov@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Liam Mark <lmark@codeaurora.org> Signed-off-by: Georgi Djakov <georgi.djakov@linaro.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Muchun Song
|
2d7a21715f |
mm: sparsemem: use huge PMD mapping for vmemmap pages
The preparation of splitting huge PMD mapping of vmemmap pages is ready, so switch the mapping from PTE to PMD. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210616094915.34432-3-songmuchun@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Chen Huang <chenhuang5@huawei.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Muchun Song
|
4bab4964a5 |
mm: memory_hotplug: disable memmap_on_memory when hugetlb_free_vmemmap enabled
The parameter of memory_hotplug.memmap_on_memory is not compatible with hugetlb_free_vmemmap. So disable it when hugetlb_free_vmemmap is enabled. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded include, per Oscar] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210510030027.56044-9-songmuchun@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com> Cc: Bodeddula Balasubramaniam <bodeddub@amazon.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Chen Huang <chenhuang5@huawei.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: HORIGUCHI NAOYA <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com> Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com> Cc: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Cc: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> |
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Muchun Song
|
426e5c429d |
mm: memory_hotplug: factor out bootmem core functions to bootmem_info.c
Patch series "Free some vmemmap pages of HugeTLB page", v23.
This patch series will free some vmemmap pages(struct page structures)
associated with each HugeTLB page when preallocated to save memory.
In order to reduce the difficulty of the first version of code review. In
this version, we disable PMD/huge page mapping of vmemmap if this feature
was enabled. This acutely eliminates a bunch of the complex code doing
page table manipulation. When this patch series is solid, we cam add the
code of vmemmap page table manipulation in the future.
The struct page structures (page structs) are used to describe a physical
page frame. By default, there is an one-to-one mapping from a page frame
to it's corresponding page struct.
The HugeTLB pages consist of multiple base page size pages and is
supported by many architectures. See hugetlbpage.rst in the Documentation
directory for more details. On the x86 architecture, HugeTLB pages of
size 2MB and 1GB are currently supported. Since the base page size on x86
is 4KB, a 2MB HugeTLB page consists of 512 base pages and a 1GB HugeTLB
page consists of 4096 base pages. For each base page, there is a
corresponding page struct.
Within the HugeTLB subsystem, only the first 4 page structs are used to
contain unique information about a HugeTLB page. HUGETLB_CGROUP_MIN_ORDER
provides this upper limit. The only 'useful' information in the remaining
page structs is the compound_head field, and this field is the same for
all tail pages.
By removing redundant page structs for HugeTLB pages, memory can returned
to the buddy allocator for other uses.
When the system boot up, every 2M HugeTLB has 512 struct page structs which
size is 8 pages(sizeof(struct page) * 512 / PAGE_SIZE).
HugeTLB struct pages(8 pages) page frame(8 pages)
+-----------+ ---virt_to_page---> +-----------+ mapping to +-----------+
| | | 0 | -------------> | 0 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 1 | -------------> | 1 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 2 | -------------> | 2 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 3 | -------------> | 3 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 4 | -------------> | 4 |
| 2MB | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 5 | -------------> | 5 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 6 | -------------> | 6 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 7 | -------------> | 7 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| |
| |
| |
+-----------+
The value of page->compound_head is the same for all tail pages. The
first page of page structs (page 0) associated with the HugeTLB page
contains the 4 page structs necessary to describe the HugeTLB. The only
use of the remaining pages of page structs (page 1 to page 7) is to point
to page->compound_head. Therefore, we can remap pages 2 to 7 to page 1.
Only 2 pages of page structs will be used for each HugeTLB page. This
will allow us to free the remaining 6 pages to the buddy allocator.
Here is how things look after remapping.
HugeTLB struct pages(8 pages) page frame(8 pages)
+-----------+ ---virt_to_page---> +-----------+ mapping to +-----------+
| | | 0 | -------------> | 0 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 1 | -------------> | 1 |
| | +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | 2 | ----------------^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
| | +-----------+ | | | | |
| | | 3 | ------------------+ | | | |
| | +-----------+ | | | |
| | | 4 | --------------------+ | | |
| 2MB | +-----------+ | | |
| | | 5 | ----------------------+ | |
| | +-----------+ | |
| | | 6 | ------------------------+ |
| | +-----------+ |
| | | 7 | --------------------------+
| | +-----------+
| |
| |
| |
+-----------+
When a HugeTLB is freed to the buddy system, we should allocate 6 pages
for vmemmap pages and restore the previous mapping relationship.
Apart from 2MB HugeTLB page, we also have 1GB HugeTLB page. It is similar
to the 2MB HugeTLB page. We also can use this approach to free the
vmemmap pages.
In this case, for the 1GB HugeTLB page, we can save 4094 pages. This is a
very substantial gain. On our server, run some SPDK/QEMU applications
which will use 1024GB HugeTLB page. With this feature enabled, we can
save ~16GB (1G hugepage)/~12GB (2MB hugepage) memory.
Because there are vmemmap page tables reconstruction on the
freeing/allocating path, it increases some overhead. Here are some
overhead analysis.
1) Allocating 10240 2MB HugeTLB pages.
a) With this patch series applied:
# time echo 10240 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
real 0m0.166s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.166s
# bpftrace -e 'kprobe:alloc_fresh_huge_page { @start[tid] = nsecs; }
kretprobe:alloc_fresh_huge_page /@start[tid]/ { @latency = hist(nsecs -
@start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }'
Attaching 2 probes...
@latency:
[8K, 16K) 5476 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@|
[16K, 32K) 4760 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ |
[32K, 64K) 4 | |
b) Without this patch series:
# time echo 10240 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
real 0m0.067s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.067s
# bpftrace -e 'kprobe:alloc_fresh_huge_page { @start[tid] = nsecs; }
kretprobe:alloc_fresh_huge_page /@start[tid]/ { @latency = hist(nsecs -
@start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }'
Attaching 2 probes...
@latency:
[4K, 8K) 10147 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@|
[8K, 16K) 93 | |
Summarize: this feature is about ~2x slower than before.
2) Freeing 10240 2MB HugeTLB pages.
a) With this patch series applied:
# time echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
real 0m0.213s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.213s
# bpftrace -e 'kprobe:free_pool_huge_page { @start[tid] = nsecs; }
kretprobe:free_pool_huge_page /@start[tid]/ { @latency = hist(nsecs -
@start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }'
Attaching 2 probes...
@latency:
[8K, 16K) 6 | |
[16K, 32K) 10227 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@|
[32K, 64K) 7 | |
b) Without this patch series:
# time echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
real 0m0.081s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.081s
# bpftrace -e 'kprobe:free_pool_huge_page { @start[tid] = nsecs; }
kretprobe:free_pool_huge_page /@start[tid]/ { @latency = hist(nsecs -
@start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }'
Attaching 2 probes...
@latency:
[4K, 8K) 6805 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@|
[8K, 16K) 3427 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ |
[16K, 32K) 8 | |
Summary: The overhead of __free_hugepage is about ~2-3x slower than before.
Although the overhead has increased, the overhead is not significant.
Like Mike said, "However, remember that the majority of use cases create
HugeTLB pages at or shortly after boot time and add them to the pool. So,
additional overhead is at pool creation time. There is no change to
'normal run time' operations of getting a page from or returning a page to
the pool (think page fault/unmap)".
Despite the overhead and in addition to the memory gains from this series.
The following data is obtained by Joao Martins. Very thanks to his
effort.
There's an additional benefit which is page (un)pinners will see an improvement
and Joao presumes because there are fewer memmap pages and thus the tail/head
pages are staying in cache more often.
Out of the box Joao saw (when comparing linux-next against linux-next +
this series) with gup_test and pinning a 16G HugeTLB file (with 1G pages):
get_user_pages(): ~32k -> ~9k
unpin_user_pages(): ~75k -> ~70k
Usually any tight loop fetching compound_head(), or reading tail pages
data (e.g. compound_head) benefit a lot. There's some unpinning
inefficiencies Joao was fixing[2], but with that in added it shows even
more:
unpin_user_pages(): ~27k -> ~3.8k
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20210409205254.242291-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20210204202500.26474-1-joao.m.martins@oracle.com/
This patch (of 9):
Move bootmem info registration common API to individual bootmem_info.c.
And we will use {get,put}_page_bootmem() to initialize the page for the
vmemmap pages or free the vmemmap pages to buddy in the later patch. So
move them out of CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE. This is just code movement
without any functional change.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210510030027.56044-1-songmuchun@bytedance.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210510030027.56044-2-songmuchun@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Chen Huang <chenhuang5@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Bodeddula Balasubramaniam <bodeddub@amazon.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com>
Cc: HORIGUCHI NAOYA <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Cc: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Mel Gorman
|
b92ca18e8c |
mm/page_alloc: disassociate the pcp->high from pcp->batch
The pcp high watermark is based on the batch size but there is no
relationship between them other than it is convenient to use early in
boot.
This patch takes the first step and bases pcp->high on the zone low
watermark split across the number of CPUs local to a zone while the batch
size remains the same to avoid increasing allocation latencies. The
intent behind the default pcp->high is "set the number of PCP pages such
that if they are all full that background reclaim is not started
prematurely".
Note that in this patch the pcp->high values are adjusted after memory
hotplug events, min_free_kbytes adjustments and watermark scale factor
adjustments but not CPU hotplug events which is handled later in the
series.
On a test KVM instance;
Before grep -E "high:|batch" /proc/zoneinfo | tail -2
high: 378
batch: 63
After grep -E "high:|batch" /proc/zoneinfo | tail -2
high: 649
batch: 63
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix __setup_per_zone_wmarks for parallel memory
hotplug]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210528105925.GN30378@techsingularity.net
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210525080119.5455-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|