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Commit e83a437faa62 ("mm/memory_hotplug: introduce "auto-movable" online
policy") introduced a new memory online policy to automatically select a
zone for memory blocks to be onlined. It added a way to set the active
online policy and tunables for the auto-movable online policy.
Follow-up commits tweaked the "auto-movable" policy to also consider
memory device details when selecting zones for memory blocks to be
onlined.
Let's document the new toggles and how the two online policies we have
work.
[david@redhat.com: updates]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211011082058.6076-4-david@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930144117.23641-4-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We accidentially added a superfluous "s".
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930144117.23641-3-david@redhat.com
Fixes: ac3332c44767 ("memory-hotplug.rst: complete admin-guide overhaul")
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "memory-hotplug.rst: document the "auto-movable" online
policy".
Now that the memory-hotplug.rst overhaul is upstream, proper
documentation for the "auto-movable" online policy, documenting all new
toggles and options. Along, two fixes for the original overhaul.
This patch (of 3):
We really want to refer to the "movable_node" kernel command line
parameter here.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930144117.23641-2-david@redhat.com
Fixes: ac3332c44767 ("memory-hotplug.rst: complete admin-guide overhaul")
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The memory hot(un)plug documentation is outdated and incomplete. Most of
the content dates back to 2007, so it's time for a major overhaul.
Let's rewrite, reorganize and update most parts of the documentation. In
addition to memory hot(un)plug, also add some details regarding
ZONE_MOVABLE, with memory hotunplug being one of its main consumers.
Drop the file history, that information can more reliably be had from the
git log.
The style of the document is also properly fixed that e.g., "restview"
renders it cleanly now.
In the future, we might add some more details about virt users like
virtio-mem, the XEN balloon, the Hyper-V balloon and ppc64 dlpar.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210707073205.3835-3-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "memory-hotplug.rst: complete admin-guide overhaul", v3.
This patch (of 2):
We have the same content at Documentation/core-api/memory-hotplug.rst and
it doesn't fit into the admin-guide. The documentation was accidentially
duplicated when merging.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210707073205.3835-1-david@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210707073205.3835-2-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When we free a HugeTLB page to the buddy allocator, we need to allocate
the vmemmap pages associated with it. However, we may not be able to
allocate the vmemmap pages when the system is under memory pressure. In
this case, we just refuse to free the HugeTLB page. This changes behavior
in some corner cases as listed below:
1) Failing to free a huge page triggered by the user (decrease nr_pages).
User needs to try again later.
2) Failing to free a surplus huge page when freed by the application.
Try again later when freeing a huge page next time.
3) Failing to dissolve a free huge page on ZONE_MOVABLE via
offline_pages().
This can happen when we have plenty of ZONE_MOVABLE memory, but
not enough kernel memory to allocate vmemmmap pages. We may even
be able to migrate huge page contents, but will not be able to
dissolve the source huge page. This will prevent an offline
operation and is unfortunate as memory offlining is expected to
succeed on movable zones. Users that depend on memory hotplug
to succeed for movable zones should carefully consider whether the
memory savings gained from this feature are worth the risk of
possibly not being able to offline memory in certain situations.
4) Failing to dissolve a huge page on CMA/ZONE_MOVABLE via
alloc_contig_range() - once we have that handling in place. Mainly
affects CMA and virtio-mem.
Similar to 3). virito-mem will handle migration errors gracefully.
CMA might be able to fallback on other free areas within the CMA
region.
Vmemmap pages are allocated from the page freeing context. In order for
those allocations to be not disruptive (e.g. trigger oom killer)
__GFP_NORETRY is used. hugetlb_lock is dropped for the allocation because
a non sleeping allocation would be too fragile and it could fail too
easily under memory pressure. GFP_ATOMIC or other modes to access memory
reserves is not used because we want to prevent consuming reserves under
heavy hugetlb freeing.
[mike.kravetz@oracle.com: fix dissolve_free_huge_page use of tail/head page]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210527231225.226987-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
[willy@infradead.org: fix alloc_vmemmap_page_list documentation warning]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210615200242.1716568-6-willy@infradead.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210510030027.56044-7-songmuchun@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com>
Cc: Bodeddula Balasubramaniam <bodeddub@amazon.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chen Huang <chenhuang5@huawei.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: HORIGUCHI NAOYA <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Document the special handling of page pinning when ZONE_MOVABLE present.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210215161349.246722-11-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Suggested-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit 53cdc1cb29e8 ("drivers/base/memory.c: indicate all memory blocks
as removable") we changed the output of the "removable" property of memory
devices to return "1" if and only if the kernel supports memory offlining.
Let's update documentation, stating that the interface is legacy. Also
update documentation of the "state" property and "valid_zones" properties.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210201181347.13262-3-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No need to store the value for each and every memory block, as we can
easily query the value at runtime. Reshuffle the members to optimize the
memory layout. Also, let's clarify what the interface once was used for
and why it's legacy nowadays.
"phys_device" was used on s390x in older versions of lsmem[2]/chmem[3],
back when they were still part of s390x-tools. They were later replaced
by the variants in linux-utils. For example, RHEL6 and RHEL7 contain
lsmem/chmem from s390-utils. RHEL8 switched to versions from util-linux
on s390x [4].
"phys_device" was added with sysfs support for memory hotplug in commit
3947be1969a9 ("[PATCH] memory hotplug: sysfs and add/remove functions") in
2005. It always returned 0.
s390x started returning something != 0 on some setups (if sclp.rzm is set
by HW) in 2010 via commit 57b552ba0b2f ("memory hotplug/s390: set
phys_device").
For s390x, it allowed for identifying which memory block devices belong to
the same storage increment (RZM). Only if all memory block devices
comprising a single storage increment were offline, the memory could
actually be removed in the hypervisor.
Since commit e5d709bb5fb7 ("s390/memory hotplug: provide
memory_block_size_bytes() function") in 2013 a memory block device spans
at least one storage increment - which is why the interface isn't really
helpful/used anymore (except by old lsmem/chmem tools).
There were once RFC patches to make use of "phys_device" in ACPI context;
however, the underlying problem could be solved using different interfaces
[1].
[1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/2163871/
[2] https://github.com/ibm-s390-tools/s390-tools/blob/v2.1.0/zconf/lsmem
[3] https://github.com/ibm-s390-tools/s390-tools/blob/v2.1.0/zconf/chmem
[4] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1504134
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210201181347.13262-2-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Vaibhav Jain <vaibhav@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's document the magic a bit, especially why device_hotplug_lock is
required when adding/removing memory and how it all play together with
requests to online/offline memory from user space.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180925091457.28651-7-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tatashin <pavel.tatashin@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Rashmica Gupta <rashmica.g@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: John Allen <jallen@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mathieu Malaterre <malat@debian.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <sthemmin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: YASUAKI ISHIMATSU <yasu.isimatu@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove "manual" table of contents and leave only the ReST tag so that
Sphinx will take care of TOC generation.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
The memory hotplug notifier description is about kernel internals rather
than admin/user visible API. Place it appropriately.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
The memory hotplug description in Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt is
already formatted as ReST and can be easily added to admin-guide/mm
section.
While on it, slightly update formatting to make it consistent with the
doc-guide.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
