Commit Graph

625 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Tejun Heo
fba9480783 cgroup, memcg: move cgroup->event_list[_lock] and event callbacks into memcg
cgroup_event is being moved from cgroup core to memcg and the
implementation is already moved by the previous patch.  This patch
moves the data fields and callbacks.

* cgroup->event_list[_lock] are moved to mem_cgroup.

* cftype->[un]register_event() are moved to cgroup_event.  This makes
  it impossible for individual cftype definitions to specify their
  event callbacks.  This is worked around by simply hard-coding
  filename to event callback mapping in cgroup_write_event_control().
  This is awkward and inflexible, which is actually desirable given
  that we don't want to grow more usages of this feature.

* eventfd_ctx declaration is removed from cgroup.h, which makes
  vmpressure.h miss eventfd_ctx declaration.  Include eventfd.h from
  vmpressure.h.

v2: Use file name from dentry instead of cftype.  This will allow
    removing all cftype handling in the function.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-11-22 18:20:43 -05:00
Tejun Heo
b5557c4c3b memcg: cgroup_write_event_control() now knows @css is for memcg
@css for cgroup_write_event_control() is now always for memcg and the
target file should be a memcg file too.  Drop code which assumes @css
is dummy_css and the target file may belong to different subsystems.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
2013-11-22 18:20:42 -05:00
Tejun Heo
79bd9814e5 cgroup, memcg: move cgroup_event implementation to memcg
cgroup_event is way over-designed and tries to build a generic
flexible event mechanism into cgroup - fully customizable event
specification for each user of the interface.  This is utterly
unnecessary and overboard especially in the light of the planned
unified hierarchy as there's gonna be single agent.  Simply generating
events at fixed points, or if that's too restrictive, configureable
cadence or single set of configureable points should be enough.

Thankfully, memcg is the only user and gets to keep it.  Replacing it
with something simpler on sane_behavior is strongly recommended.

This patch moves cgroup_event and "cgroup.event_control"
implementation to mm/memcontrol.c.  Clearing of events on cgroup
destruction is moved from cgroup_destroy_locked() to
mem_cgroup_css_offline(), which shouldn't make any noticeable
difference.

cgroup_css() and __file_cft() are exported to enable the move;
however, this will soon be reverted once the event code is updated to
be memcg specific.

Note that "cgroup.event_control" will now exist only on the hierarchy
with memcg attached to it.  While this change is visible to userland,
it is unlikely to be noticeable as the file has never been meaningful
outside memcg.

Aside from the above change, this is pure code relocation.

v2: Per Li Zefan's comments, init/Kconfig updated accordingly and
    poll.h inclusion moved from cgroup.c to memcontrol.c.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-11-22 18:20:42 -05:00
Greg Thelen
6920a1bd03 memcg: remove incorrect underflow check
When a memcg is deleted mem_cgroup_reparent_charges() moves charged
memory to the parent memcg.  As of v3.11-9444-g3ea67d0 "memcg: add per
cgroup writeback pages accounting" there's bad pointer read.  The goal
was to check for counter underflow.  The counter is a per cpu counter
and there are two problems with the code:

 (1) per cpu access function isn't used, instead a naked pointer is used
     which easily causes oops.
 (2) the check doesn't sum all cpus

Test:
  $ cd /sys/fs/cgroup/memory
  $ mkdir x
  $ echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
  $ (echo $BASHPID >> x/tasks && exec cat) &
  [1] 7154
  $ grep ^mapped x/memory.stat
  mapped_file 53248
  $ echo 7154 > tasks
  $ rmdir x
  <OOPS>

The fix is to remove the check.  It's currently dangerous and isn't
worth fixing it to use something expensive, such as
percpu_counter_sum(), for each reparented page.  __this_cpu_read() isn't
enough to fix this because there's no guarantees of the current cpus
count.  The only guarantees is that the sum of all per-cpu counter is >=
nr_pages.

Fixes: 3ea67d06e4 ("memcg: add per cgroup writeback pages accounting")
Reported-and-tested-by: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-11-01 12:22:28 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
696ac172ff mm: memcg: fix test for child groups
When memcg code needs to know whether any given memcg has children, it
uses the cgroup child iteration primitives and returns true/false
depending on whether the iteration loop is executed at least once or
not.

Because a cgroup's list of children is RCU protected, these primitives
require the RCU read-lock to be held, which is not the case for all
memcg callers.  This results in the following splat when e.g.  enabling
hierarchy mode:

  WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 1 at kernel/cgroup.c:3043 css_next_child+0xa3/0x160()
  CPU: 3 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Not tainted 3.12.0-rc5-00117-g83f11a9-dirty #18
  Hardware name: LENOVO 3680B56/3680B56, BIOS 6QET69WW (1.39 ) 04/26/2012
  Call Trace:
    dump_stack+0x54/0x74
    warn_slowpath_common+0x78/0xa0
    warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
    css_next_child+0xa3/0x160
    mem_cgroup_hierarchy_write+0x5b/0xa0
    cgroup_file_write+0x108/0x2a0
    vfs_write+0xbd/0x1e0
    SyS_write+0x4c/0xa0
    system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

In the memcg case, we only care about children when we are attempting to
modify inheritable attributes interactively.  Racing with deletion could
mean a spurious -EBUSY, no problem.  Racing with addition is handled
just fine as well through the memcg_create_mutex: if the child group is
not on the list after the mutex is acquired, it won't be initialized
from the parent's attributes until after the unlock.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-31 16:58:13 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
0056f4e66a mm: memcg: lockdep annotation for memcg OOM lock
The memcg OOM lock is a mutex-type lock that is open-coded due to
memcg's special needs.  Add annotations for lockdep coverage.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-31 16:58:13 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
3168ecbe1c mm: memcg: use proper memcg in limit bypass
Commit 84235de394 ("fs: buffer: move allocation failure loop into the
allocator") allowed __GFP_NOFAIL allocations to bypass the limit if they
fail to reclaim enough memory for the charge.  But because the main test
case was on a 3.2-based system, the patch missed the fact that on newer
kernels the charge function needs to return root_mem_cgroup when
bypassing the limit, and not NULL.  This will corrupt whatever memory is
at NULL + percpu pointer offset.  Fix this quickly before problems are
reported.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-31 16:58:13 -07:00
Greg Thelen
5e8cfc3c75 memcg: use __this_cpu_sub() to dec stats to avoid incorrect subtrahend casting
As of commit 3ea67d06e4 ("memcg: add per cgroup writeback pages
accounting") memcg counter errors are possible when moving charged
memory to a different memcg.  Charge movement occurs when processing
writes to memory.force_empty, moving tasks to a memcg with
memcg.move_charge_at_immigrate=1, or memcg deletion.

An example showing error after memory.force_empty:

  $ cd /sys/fs/cgroup/memory
  $ mkdir x
  $ rm /data/tmp/file
  $ (echo $BASHPID >> x/tasks && exec mmap_writer /data/tmp/file 1M) &
  [1] 13600
  $ grep ^mapped x/memory.stat
  mapped_file 1048576
  $ echo 13600 > tasks
  $ echo 1 > x/memory.force_empty
  $ grep ^mapped x/memory.stat
  mapped_file 4503599627370496

mapped_file should end with 0.
  4503599627370496 == 0x10,0000,0000,0000 == 0x100,0000,0000 pages
  1048576          == 0x10,0000           == 0x100 pages

This issue only affects the source memcg on 64 bit machines; the
destination memcg counters are correct.  So the rmdir case is not too
important because such counters are soon disappearing with the entire
memcg.  But the memcg.force_empty and memory.move_charge_at_immigrate=1
cases are larger problems as the bogus counters are visible for the
(possibly long) remaining life of the source memcg.

The problem is due to memcg use of __this_cpu_from(.., -nr_pages), which
is subtly wrong because it subtracts the unsigned int nr_pages (either
-1 or -512 for THP) from a signed long percpu counter.  When
nr_pages=-1, -nr_pages=0xffffffff.  On 64 bit machines stat->count[idx]
is signed 64 bit.  So memcg's attempt to simply decrement a count (e.g.
from 1 to 0) boils down to:

  long count = 1
  unsigned int nr_pages = 1
  count += -nr_pages  /* -nr_pages == 0xffff,ffff */
  count is now 0x1,0000,0000 instead of 0

The fix is to subtract the unsigned page count rather than adding its
negation.  This only works once "percpu: fix this_cpu_sub() subtrahend
casting for unsigneds" is applied to fix this_cpu_sub().

Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-30 14:27:03 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
84235de394 fs: buffer: move allocation failure loop into the allocator
Buffer allocation has a very crude indefinite loop around waking the
flusher threads and performing global NOFS direct reclaim because it can
not handle allocation failures.

The most immediate problem with this is that the allocation may fail due
to a memory cgroup limit, where flushers + direct reclaim might not make
any progress towards resolving the situation at all.  Because unlike the
global case, a memory cgroup may not have any cache at all, only
anonymous pages but no swap.  This situation will lead to a reclaim
livelock with insane IO from waking the flushers and thrashing unrelated
filesystem cache in a tight loop.

Use __GFP_NOFAIL allocations for buffers for now.  This makes sure that
any looping happens in the page allocator, which knows how to
orchestrate kswapd, direct reclaim, and the flushers sensibly.  It also
allows memory cgroups to detect allocations that can't handle failure
and will allow them to ultimately bypass the limit if reclaim can not
make progress.

Reported-by: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-16 21:35:53 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
4942642080 mm: memcg: handle non-error OOM situations more gracefully
Commit 3812c8c8f3 ("mm: memcg: do not trap chargers with full
callstack on OOM") assumed that only a few places that can trigger a
memcg OOM situation do not return VM_FAULT_OOM, like optional page cache
readahead.  But there are many more and it's impractical to annotate
them all.

First of all, we don't want to invoke the OOM killer when the failed
allocation is gracefully handled, so defer the actual kill to the end of
the fault handling as well.  This simplifies the code quite a bit for
added bonus.

Second, since a failed allocation might not be the abrupt end of the
fault, the memcg OOM handler needs to be re-entrant until the fault
finishes for subsequent allocation attempts.  If an allocation is
attempted after the task already OOMed, allow it to bypass the limit so
that it can quickly finish the fault and invoke the OOM killer.

Reported-by: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-16 21:35:53 -07:00
David Rientjes
9c56751271 mm, memcg: protect mem_cgroup_read_events for cpu hotplug
for_each_online_cpu() needs the protection of {get,put}_online_cpus() so
cpu_online_mask doesn't change during the iteration.

cpu_hotplug.lock is held while a cpu is going down, it's a coarse lock
that is used kernel-wide to synchronize cpu hotplug activity.  Memcg has
a cpu hotplug notifier, called while there may not be any cpu hotplug
refcounts, which drains per-cpu event counts to memcg->nocpu_base.events
to maintain a cumulative event count as cpus disappear.  Without
get_online_cpus() in mem_cgroup_read_events(), it's possible to account
for the event count on a dying cpu twice, and this value may be
significantly large.

In fact, all memcg->pcp_counter_lock use should be nested by
{get,put}_online_cpus().

This fixes that issue and ensures the reported statistics are not vastly
over-reported during cpu hotplug.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-10-16 21:35:52 -07:00
Andrew Morton
0608f43da6 revert "memcg, vmscan: integrate soft reclaim tighter with zone shrinking code"
Revert commit 3b38722efd ("memcg, vmscan: integrate soft reclaim
tighter with zone shrinking code")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:26 -07:00
Andrew Morton
bb4cc1a8b5 revert "memcg: get rid of soft-limit tree infrastructure"
Revert commit e883110aad ("memcg: get rid of soft-limit tree
infrastructure")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:26 -07:00
Andrew Morton
b1aff7fcf8 revert "vmscan, memcg: do softlimit reclaim also for targeted reclaim"
Revert commit a5b7c87f92 ("vmscan, memcg: do softlimit reclaim also
for targeted reclaim")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:26 -07:00
Andrew Morton
694fbc0fe7 revert "memcg: enhance memcg iterator to support predicates"
Revert commit de57780dc6 ("memcg: enhance memcg iterator to support
predicates")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:26 -07:00
Andrew Morton
30361e51ca revert "memcg: track children in soft limit excess to improve soft limit"
Revert commit 7d910c054b ("memcg: track children in soft limit excess
to improve soft limit")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:25 -07:00
Andrew Morton
3120055e86 revert "memcg, vmscan: do not attempt soft limit reclaim if it would not scan anything"
Revert commit e839b6a1c8 ("memcg, vmscan: do not attempt soft limit
reclaim if it would not scan anything")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:25 -07:00
Andrew Morton
8f939a9f4c revert "memcg: track all children over limit in the root"
Revert commit 1be171d60b ("memcg: track all children over limit in the
root")

I merged this prematurely - Michal and Johannes still disagree about the
overall design direction and the future remains unclear.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-24 17:00:25 -07:00
Sha Zhengju
3ea67d06e4 memcg: add per cgroup writeback pages accounting
Add memcg routines to count writeback pages, later dirty pages will also
be accounted.

After Kame's commit 89c06bd52f ("memcg: use new logic for page stat
accounting"), we can use 'struct page' flag to test page state instead
of per page_cgroup flag.  But memcg has a feature to move a page from a
cgroup to another one and may have race between "move" and "page stat
accounting".  So in order to avoid the race we have designed a new lock:

         mem_cgroup_begin_update_page_stat()
         modify page information        -->(a)
         mem_cgroup_update_page_stat()  -->(b)
         mem_cgroup_end_update_page_stat()

It requires both (a) and (b)(writeback pages accounting) to be pretected
in mem_cgroup_{begin/end}_update_page_stat().  It's full no-op for
!CONFIG_MEMCG, almost no-op if memcg is disabled (but compiled in), rcu
read lock in the most cases (no task is moving), and spin_lock_irqsave
on top in the slow path.

There're two writeback interfaces to modify: test_{clear/set}_page_writeback().
And the lock order is:
	--> memcg->move_lock
	  --> mapping->tree_lock

Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
Sha Zhengju
658b72c5a7 memcg: check for proper lock held in mem_cgroup_update_page_stat
We should call mem_cgroup_begin_update_page_stat() before
mem_cgroup_update_page_stat() to get proper locks, however the latter
doesn't do any checking that we use proper locking, which would be hard.
Suggested by Michal Hock we could at least test for rcu_read_lock_held()
because RCU is held if !mem_cgroup_disabled().

Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
Sha Zhengju
68b4876d99 memcg: remove MEMCG_NR_FILE_MAPPED
While accounting memcg page stat, it's not worth to use
MEMCG_NR_FILE_MAPPED as an extra layer of indirection because of the
complexity and presumed performance overhead.  We can use
MEM_CGROUP_STAT_FILE_MAPPED directly.

Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
Sha Zhengju
6de5a8bfca memcg: rename RESOURCE_MAX to RES_COUNTER_MAX
RESOURCE_MAX is far too general name, change it to RES_COUNTER_MAX.

Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: Qiang Huang <h.huangqiang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Jeff Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
3812c8c8f3 mm: memcg: do not trap chargers with full callstack on OOM
The memcg OOM handling is incredibly fragile and can deadlock.  When a
task fails to charge memory, it invokes the OOM killer and loops right
there in the charge code until it succeeds.  Comparably, any other task
that enters the charge path at this point will go to a waitqueue right
then and there and sleep until the OOM situation is resolved.  The problem
is that these tasks may hold filesystem locks and the mmap_sem; locks that
the selected OOM victim may need to exit.

For example, in one reported case, the task invoking the OOM killer was
about to charge a page cache page during a write(), which holds the
i_mutex.  The OOM killer selected a task that was just entering truncate()
and trying to acquire the i_mutex:

OOM invoking task:
  mem_cgroup_handle_oom+0x241/0x3b0
  mem_cgroup_cache_charge+0xbe/0xe0
  add_to_page_cache_locked+0x4c/0x140
  add_to_page_cache_lru+0x22/0x50
  grab_cache_page_write_begin+0x8b/0xe0
  ext3_write_begin+0x88/0x270
  generic_file_buffered_write+0x116/0x290
  __generic_file_aio_write+0x27c/0x480
  generic_file_aio_write+0x76/0xf0           # takes ->i_mutex
  do_sync_write+0xea/0x130
  vfs_write+0xf3/0x1f0
  sys_write+0x51/0x90
  system_call_fastpath+0x18/0x1d

OOM kill victim:
  do_truncate+0x58/0xa0              # takes i_mutex
  do_last+0x250/0xa30
  path_openat+0xd7/0x440
  do_filp_open+0x49/0xa0
  do_sys_open+0x106/0x240
  sys_open+0x20/0x30
  system_call_fastpath+0x18/0x1d

The OOM handling task will retry the charge indefinitely while the OOM
killed task is not releasing any resources.

A similar scenario can happen when the kernel OOM killer for a memcg is
disabled and a userspace task is in charge of resolving OOM situations.
In this case, ALL tasks that enter the OOM path will be made to sleep on
the OOM waitqueue and wait for userspace to free resources or increase
the group's limit.  But a userspace OOM handler is prone to deadlock
itself on the locks held by the waiting tasks.  For example one of the
sleeping tasks may be stuck in a brk() call with the mmap_sem held for
writing but the userspace handler, in order to pick an optimal victim,
may need to read files from /proc/<pid>, which tries to acquire the same
mmap_sem for reading and deadlocks.

This patch changes the way tasks behave after detecting a memcg OOM and
makes sure nobody loops or sleeps with locks held:

1. When OOMing in a user fault, invoke the OOM killer and restart the
   fault instead of looping on the charge attempt.  This way, the OOM
   victim can not get stuck on locks the looping task may hold.

2. When OOMing in a user fault but somebody else is handling it
   (either the kernel OOM killer or a userspace handler), don't go to
   sleep in the charge context.  Instead, remember the OOMing memcg in
   the task struct and then fully unwind the page fault stack with
   -ENOMEM.  pagefault_out_of_memory() will then call back into the
   memcg code to check if the -ENOMEM came from the memcg, and then
   either put the task to sleep on the memcg's OOM waitqueue or just
   restart the fault.  The OOM victim can no longer get stuck on any
   lock a sleeping task may hold.

Debugged by Michal Hocko.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
fb2a6fc56b mm: memcg: rework and document OOM waiting and wakeup
The memcg OOM handler open-codes a sleeping lock for OOM serialization
(trylock, wait, repeat) because the required locking is so specific to
memcg hierarchies.  However, it would be nice if this construct would be
clearly recognizable and not be as obfuscated as it is right now.  Clean
up as follows:

1. Remove the return value of mem_cgroup_oom_unlock()

2. Rename mem_cgroup_oom_lock() to mem_cgroup_oom_trylock().

3. Pull the prepare_to_wait() out of the memcg_oom_lock scope.  This
   makes it more obvious that the task has to be on the waitqueue
   before attempting to OOM-trylock the hierarchy, to not miss any
   wakeups before going to sleep.  It just didn't matter until now
   because it was all lumped together into the global memcg_oom_lock
   spinlock section.

4. Pull the mem_cgroup_oom_notify() out of the memcg_oom_lock scope.
   It is proctected by the hierarchical OOM-lock.

5. The memcg_oom_lock spinlock is only required to propagate the OOM
   lock in any given hierarchy atomically.  Restrict its scope to
   mem_cgroup_oom_(trylock|unlock).

6. Do not wake up the waitqueue unconditionally at the end of the
   function.  Only the lockholder has to wake up the next in line
   after releasing the lock.

   Note that the lockholder kicks off the OOM-killer, which in turn
   leads to wakeups from the uncharges of the exiting task.  But a
   contender is not guaranteed to see them if it enters the OOM path
   after the OOM kills but before the lockholder releases the lock.
   Thus there has to be an explicit wakeup after releasing the lock.

7. Put the OOM task on the waitqueue before marking the hierarchy as
   under OOM as that is the point where we start to receive wakeups.
   No point in listening before being on the waitqueue.

8. Likewise, unmark the hierarchy before finishing the sleep, for
   symmetry.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:01 -07:00
Johannes Weiner
519e52473e mm: memcg: enable memcg OOM killer only for user faults
System calls and kernel faults (uaccess, gup) can handle an out of memory
situation gracefully and just return -ENOMEM.

Enable the memcg OOM killer only for user faults, where it's really the
only option available.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:01 -07:00
Andrew Morton
f894ffa865 memcg: trivial cleanups
Clean up some mess made by the "Soft limit rework" series, and a few other
things.

Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:01 -07:00
Michal Hocko
1be171d60b memcg: track all children over limit in the root
Children in soft limit excess are currently tracked up the hierarchy in
memcg->children_in_excess.  Nevertheless there still might exist tons of
groups that are not in hierarchy relation to the root cgroup (e.g.  all
first level groups if root_mem_cgroup->use_hierarchy == false).

As the whole tree walk has to be done when the iteration starts at
root_mem_cgroup the iterator should be able to skip the walk if there is
no child above the limit without iterating them.  This can be done
easily if the root tracks all children rather than only hierarchical
children.  This is done by this patch which updates root_mem_cgroup
children_in_excess if root_mem_cgroup->use_hierarchy == false so the
root knows about all children in excess.

Please note that this is not an issue for inner memcgs which have
use_hierarchy == false because then only the single group is visited so
no special optimization is necessary.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:01 -07:00
Michal Hocko
e839b6a1c8 memcg, vmscan: do not attempt soft limit reclaim if it would not scan anything
mem_cgroup_should_soft_reclaim controls whether soft reclaim pass is
done and it always says yes currently.  Memcg iterators are clever to
skip nodes that are not soft reclaimable quite efficiently but
mem_cgroup_should_soft_reclaim can be more clever and do not start the
soft reclaim pass at all if it knows that nothing would be scanned
anyway.

In order to do that, simply reuse mem_cgroup_soft_reclaim_eligible for
the target group of the reclaim and allow the pass only if the whole
subtree wouldn't be skipped.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:01 -07:00
Michal Hocko
7d910c054b memcg: track children in soft limit excess to improve soft limit
Soft limit reclaim has to check the whole reclaim hierarchy while doing
the first pass of the reclaim.  This leads to a higher system time which
can be visible especially when there are many groups in the hierarchy.

This patch adds a per-memcg counter of children in excess.  It also
restores MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT into mem_cgroup_event_ratelimit for a
proper batching.

If a group crosses soft limit for the first time it increases parent's
children_in_excess up the hierarchy.  The similarly if a group gets below
the limit it will decrease the counter.  The transition phase is recorded
in soft_contributed flag.

mem_cgroup_soft_reclaim_eligible then uses this information to better
decide whether to skip the node or the whole subtree.  The rule is simple.
 Skip the node with a children in excess or skip the whole subtree
otherwise.

This has been tested by a stream IO (dd if=/dev/zero of=file with
4*MemTotal size) which is quite sensitive to overhead during reclaim.  The
load is running in a group with soft limit set to 0 and without any limit.
 Apart from that there was a hierarchy with ~500, 2k and 8k groups (two
groups on each level) without any pages in them.  base denotes to the
kernel on which the whole series is based on, rework is the kernel before
this patch and reworkoptim is with this patch applied:

* Run with soft limit set to 0
Elapsed
0-0-limit/base: min: 88.21 max: 94.61 avg: 91.73 std: 2.65 runs: 3
0-0-limit/rework: min: 76.05 [86.2%] max: 79.08 [83.6%] avg: 77.84 [84.9%] std: 1.30 runs: 3
0-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 77.98 [88.4%] max: 80.36 [84.9%] avg: 78.92 [86.0%] std: 1.03 runs: 3
System
0.5k-0-limit/base: min: 34.86 max: 36.42 avg: 35.89 std: 0.73 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/rework: min: 43.26 [124.1%] max: 48.95 [134.4%] avg: 46.09 [128.4%] std: 2.32 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 46.98 [134.8%] max: 50.98 [140.0%] avg: 48.49 [135.1%] std: 1.77 runs: 3
Elapsed
0.5k-0-limit/base: min: 88.50 max: 97.52 avg: 93.92 std: 3.90 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/rework: min: 75.92 [85.8%] max: 78.45 [80.4%] avg: 77.34 [82.3%] std: 1.06 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 75.79 [85.6%] max: 79.37 [81.4%] avg: 77.55 [82.6%] std: 1.46 runs: 3
System
2k-0-limit/base: min: 34.57 max: 37.65 avg: 36.34 std: 1.30 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/rework: min: 64.17 [185.6%] max: 68.20 [181.1%] avg: 66.21 [182.2%] std: 1.65 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 49.78 [144.0%] max: 52.99 [140.7%] avg: 51.00 [140.3%] std: 1.42 runs: 3
Elapsed
2k-0-limit/base: min: 92.61 max: 97.83 avg: 95.03 std: 2.15 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/rework: min: 78.33 [84.6%] max: 84.08 [85.9%] avg: 81.09 [85.3%] std: 2.35 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 75.72 [81.8%] max: 78.57 [80.3%] avg: 76.73 [80.7%] std: 1.30 runs: 3
System
8k-0-limit/base: min: 39.78 max: 42.09 avg: 41.09 std: 0.97 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/rework: min: 200.86 [504.9%] max: 265.42 [630.6%] avg: 241.80 [588.5%] std: 29.06 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 53.70 [135.0%] max: 54.89 [130.4%] avg: 54.43 [132.5%] std: 0.52 runs: 3
Elapsed
8k-0-limit/base: min: 95.11 max: 98.61 avg: 96.81 std: 1.43 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/rework: min: 246.96 [259.7%] max: 331.47 [336.1%] avg: 301.32 [311.2%] std: 38.52 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 76.79 [80.7%] max: 81.71 [82.9%] avg: 78.97 [81.6%] std: 2.05 runs: 3

System time is increased by 30-40% but it is reduced a lot comparing to
kernel without this patch.  The higher time can be explained by the fact
that the original soft reclaim scanned at priority 0 so it was much more
effective for this workload (which is basically touch once and writeback).
 The Elapsed time looks better though (~20%).

* Run with no soft limit set
System
0-no-limit/base: min: 42.18 max: 50.38 avg: 46.44 std: 3.36 runs: 3
0-no-limit/rework: min: 40.57 [96.2%] max: 47.04 [93.4%] avg: 43.82 [94.4%] std: 2.64 runs: 3
0-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 40.45 [95.9%] max: 45.28 [89.9%] avg: 42.10 [90.7%] std: 2.25 runs: 3
Elapsed
0-no-limit/base: min: 75.97 max: 78.21 avg: 76.87 std: 0.96 runs: 3
0-no-limit/rework: min: 75.59 [99.5%] max: 80.73 [103.2%] avg: 77.64 [101.0%] std: 2.23 runs: 3
0-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 77.85 [102.5%] max: 82.42 [105.4%] avg: 79.64 [103.6%] std: 1.99 runs: 3
System
0.5k-no-limit/base: min: 44.54 max: 46.93 avg: 46.12 std: 1.12 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/rework: min: 42.09 [94.5%] max: 46.16 [98.4%] avg: 43.92 [95.2%] std: 1.69 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 42.47 [95.4%] max: 45.67 [97.3%] avg: 44.06 [95.5%] std: 1.31 runs: 3
Elapsed
0.5k-no-limit/base: min: 78.26 max: 81.49 avg: 79.65 std: 1.36 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/rework: min: 77.01 [98.4%] max: 80.43 [98.7%] avg: 78.30 [98.3%] std: 1.52 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 76.13 [97.3%] max: 77.87 [95.6%] avg: 77.18 [96.9%] std: 0.75 runs: 3
System
2k-no-limit/base: min: 62.96 max: 69.14 avg: 66.14 std: 2.53 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/rework: min: 76.01 [120.7%] max: 81.06 [117.2%] avg: 78.17 [118.2%] std: 2.12 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 62.57 [99.4%] max: 66.10 [95.6%] avg: 64.53 [97.6%] std: 1.47 runs: 3
Elapsed
2k-no-limit/base: min: 76.47 max: 84.22 avg: 79.12 std: 3.60 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/rework: min: 89.67 [117.3%] max: 93.26 [110.7%] avg: 91.10 [115.1%] std: 1.55 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 76.94 [100.6%] max: 79.21 [94.1%] avg: 78.45 [99.2%] std: 1.07 runs: 3
System
8k-no-limit/base: min: 104.74 max: 151.34 avg: 129.21 std: 19.10 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/rework: min: 205.23 [195.9%] max: 285.94 [188.9%] avg: 258.98 [200.4%] std: 38.01 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 161.16 [153.9%] max: 184.54 [121.9%] avg: 174.52 [135.1%] std: 9.83 runs: 3
Elapsed
8k-no-limit/base: min: 125.43 max: 181.00 avg: 154.81 std: 22.80 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/rework: min: 254.05 [202.5%] max: 355.67 [196.5%] avg: 321.46 [207.6%] std: 47.67 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 193.77 [154.5%] max: 222.72 [123.0%] avg: 210.18 [135.8%] std: 12.13 runs: 3

Both System and Elapsed are in stdev with the base kernel for all
configurations except for 8k where both System and Elapsed are up by 35%.
I do not have a good explanation for this because there is no soft reclaim
pass going on as no group is above the limit which is checked in
mem_cgroup_should_soft_reclaim.

Then I have tested kernel build with the same configuration to see the
behavior with a more general behavior.

* Soft limit set to 0 for the build
System
0-0-limit/base: min: 242.70 max: 245.17 avg: 243.85 std: 1.02 runs: 3
0-0-limit/rework min: 237.86 [98.0%] max: 240.22 [98.0%] avg: 239.00 [98.0%] std: 0.97 runs: 3
0-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 241.11 [99.3%] max: 243.53 [99.3%] avg: 242.01 [99.2%] std: 1.08 runs: 3
Elapsed
0-0-limit/base: min: 348.48 max: 360.86 avg: 356.04 std: 5.41 runs: 3
0-0-limit/rework min: 286.95 [82.3%] max: 290.26 [80.4%] avg: 288.27 [81.0%] std: 1.43 runs: 3
0-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 286.55 [82.2%] max: 289.00 [80.1%] avg: 287.69 [80.8%] std: 1.01 runs: 3
System
0.5k-0-limit/base: min: 251.77 max: 254.41 avg: 252.70 std: 1.21 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/rework min: 286.44 [113.8%] max: 289.30 [113.7%] avg: 287.60 [113.8%] std: 1.23 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 252.18 [100.2%] max: 253.16 [99.5%] avg: 252.62 [100.0%] std: 0.41 runs: 3
Elapsed
0.5k-0-limit/base: min: 347.83 max: 353.06 avg: 350.04 std: 2.21 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/rework min: 290.19 [83.4%] max: 295.62 [83.7%] avg: 293.12 [83.7%] std: 2.24 runs: 3
0.5k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 293.91 [84.5%] max: 294.87 [83.5%] avg: 294.29 [84.1%] std: 0.42 runs: 3
System
2k-0-limit/base: min: 263.05 max: 271.52 avg: 267.94 std: 3.58 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/rework min: 458.99 [174.5%] max: 468.31 [172.5%] avg: 464.45 [173.3%] std: 3.97 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 267.10 [101.5%] max: 279.38 [102.9%] avg: 272.78 [101.8%] std: 5.05 runs: 3
Elapsed
2k-0-limit/base: min: 372.33 max: 379.32 avg: 375.47 std: 2.90 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/rework min: 334.40 [89.8%] max: 339.52 [89.5%] avg: 337.44 [89.9%] std: 2.20 runs: 3
2k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 301.47 [81.0%] max: 319.19 [84.1%] avg: 307.90 [82.0%] std: 8.01 runs: 3
System
8k-0-limit/base: min: 320.50 max: 332.10 avg: 325.46 std: 4.88 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/rework min: 1115.76 [348.1%] max: 1165.66 [351.0%] avg: 1132.65 [348.0%] std: 23.34 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 403.75 [126.0%] max: 409.22 [123.2%] avg: 406.16 [124.8%] std: 2.28 runs: 3
Elapsed
8k-0-limit/base: min: 475.48 max: 585.19 avg: 525.54 std: 45.30 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/rework min: 616.25 [129.6%] max: 625.90 [107.0%] avg: 620.68 [118.1%] std: 3.98 runs: 3
8k-0-limit/reworkoptim: min: 420.18 [88.4%] max: 428.28 [73.2%] avg: 423.05 [80.5%] std: 3.71 runs: 3

Apart from 8k the system time is comparable with the base kernel while
Elapsed is up to 20% better with all configurations.

* No soft limit set
System
0-no-limit/base: min: 234.76 max: 237.42 avg: 236.25 std: 1.11 runs: 3
0-no-limit/rework min: 233.09 [99.3%] max: 238.65 [100.5%] avg: 236.09 [99.9%] std: 2.29 runs: 3
0-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 236.12 [100.6%] max: 240.53 [101.3%] avg: 237.94 [100.7%] std: 1.88 runs: 3
Elapsed
0-no-limit/base: min: 288.52 max: 295.42 avg: 291.29 std: 2.98 runs: 3
0-no-limit/rework min: 283.17 [98.1%] max: 284.33 [96.2%] avg: 283.78 [97.4%] std: 0.48 runs: 3
0-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 288.50 [100.0%] max: 290.79 [98.4%] avg: 289.78 [99.5%] std: 0.95 runs: 3
System
0.5k-no-limit/base: min: 286.51 max: 293.23 avg: 290.21 std: 2.78 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/rework min: 291.69 [101.8%] max: 294.38 [100.4%] avg: 292.97 [101.0%] std: 1.10 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 277.05 [96.7%] max: 288.76 [98.5%] avg: 284.17 [97.9%] std: 5.11 runs: 3
Elapsed
0.5k-no-limit/base: min: 294.94 max: 298.92 avg: 296.47 std: 1.75 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/rework min: 292.55 [99.2%] max: 294.21 [98.4%] avg: 293.55 [99.0%] std: 0.72 runs: 3
0.5k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 294.41 [99.8%] max: 301.67 [100.9%] avg: 297.78 [100.4%] std: 2.99 runs: 3
System
2k-no-limit/base: min: 443.41 max: 466.66 avg: 457.66 std: 10.19 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/rework min: 490.11 [110.5%] max: 516.02 [110.6%] avg: 501.42 [109.6%] std: 10.83 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 435.25 [98.2%] max: 458.11 [98.2%] avg: 446.73 [97.6%] std: 9.33 runs: 3
Elapsed
2k-no-limit/base: min: 330.85 max: 333.75 avg: 332.52 std: 1.23 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/rework min: 343.06 [103.7%] max: 349.59 [104.7%] avg: 345.95 [104.0%] std: 2.72 runs: 3
2k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 330.01 [99.7%] max: 333.92 [100.1%] avg: 332.22 [99.9%] std: 1.64 runs: 3
System
8k-no-limit/base: min: 1175.64 max: 1259.38 avg: 1222.39 std: 34.88 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/rework min: 1226.31 [104.3%] max: 1241.60 [98.6%] avg: 1233.74 [100.9%] std: 6.25 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 1023.45 [87.1%] max: 1056.74 [83.9%] avg: 1038.92 [85.0%] std: 13.69 runs: 3
Elapsed
8k-no-limit/base: min: 613.36 max: 619.60 avg: 616.47 std: 2.55 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/rework min: 627.56 [102.3%] max: 642.33 [103.7%] avg: 633.44 [102.8%] std: 6.39 runs: 3
8k-no-limit/reworkoptim: min: 545.89 [89.0%] max: 555.36 [89.6%] avg: 552.06 [89.6%] std: 4.37 runs: 3

and these numbers look good as well.  System time is around 100%
(suprisingly better for the 8k case) and Elapsed is copies that trend.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Michal Hocko
de57780dc6 memcg: enhance memcg iterator to support predicates
The caller of the iterator might know that some nodes or even subtrees
should be skipped but there is no way to tell iterators about that so the
only choice left is to let iterators to visit each node and do the
selection outside of the iterating code.  This, however, doesn't scale
well with hierarchies with many groups where only few groups are
interesting.

This patch adds mem_cgroup_iter_cond variant of the iterator with a
callback which gets called for every visited node.  There are three
possible ways how the callback can influence the walk.  Either the node is
visited, it is skipped but the tree walk continues down the tree or the
whole subtree of the current group is skipped.

[hughd@google.com: fix memcg-less page reclaim]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Michal Hocko
a5b7c87f92 vmscan, memcg: do softlimit reclaim also for targeted reclaim
Soft reclaim has been done only for the global reclaim (both background
and direct).  Since "memcg: integrate soft reclaim tighter with zone
shrinking code" there is no reason for this limitation anymore as the soft
limit reclaim doesn't use any special code paths and it is a part of the
zone shrinking code which is used by both global and targeted reclaims.

From the semantic point of view it is natural to consider soft limit
before touching all groups in the hierarchy tree which is touching the
hard limit because soft limit tells us where to push back when there is a
memory pressure.  It is not important whether the pressure comes from the
limit or imbalanced zones.

This patch simply enables soft reclaim unconditionally in
mem_cgroup_should_soft_reclaim so it is enabled for both global and
targeted reclaim paths.  mem_cgroup_soft_reclaim_eligible needs to learn
about the root of the reclaim to know where to stop checking soft limit
state of parents up the hierarchy.  Say we have

A (over soft limit)
 \
  B (below s.l., hit the hard limit)
 / \
C   D (below s.l.)

B is the source of the outside memory pressure now for D but we shouldn't
soft reclaim it because it is behaving well under B subtree and we can
still reclaim from C (pressumably it is over the limit).
mem_cgroup_soft_reclaim_eligible should therefore stop climbing up the
hierarchy at B (root of the memory pressure).

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Michal Hocko
e883110aad memcg: get rid of soft-limit tree infrastructure
Now that the soft limit is integrated to the reclaim directly the whole
soft-limit tree infrastructure is not needed anymore.  Rip it out.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Michal Hocko
3b38722efd memcg, vmscan: integrate soft reclaim tighter with zone shrinking code
This patchset is sitting out of tree for quite some time without any
objections.  I would be really happy if it made it into 3.12.  I do not
want to push it too hard but I think this work is basically ready and
waiting more doesn't help.

The basic idea is quite simple.  Pull soft reclaim into shrink_zone in the
first step and get rid of the previous soft reclaim infrastructure.
shrink_zone is done in two passes now.  First it tries to do the soft
limit reclaim and it falls back to reclaim-all mode if no group is over
the limit or no pages have been scanned.  The second pass happens at the
same priority so the only time we waste is the memcg tree walk which has
been updated in the third step to have only negligible overhead.

As a bonus we will get rid of a _lot_ of code by this and soft reclaim
will not stand out like before when it wasn't integrated into the zone
shrinking code and it reclaimed at priority 0 (the testing results show
that some workloads suffers from such an aggressive reclaim).  The clean
up is in a separate patch because I felt it would be easier to review that
way.

The second step is soft limit reclaim integration into targeted reclaim.
It should be rather straight forward.  Soft limit has been used only for
the global reclaim so far but it makes sense for any kind of pressure
coming from up-the-hierarchy, including targeted reclaim.

The third step (patches 4-8) addresses the tree walk overhead by enhancing
memcg iterators to enable skipping whole subtrees and tracking number of
over soft limit children at each level of the hierarchy.  This information
is updated same way the old soft limit tree was updated (from
memcg_check_events) so we shouldn't see an additional overhead.  In fact
mem_cgroup_update_soft_limit is much simpler than tree manipulation done
previously.

__shrink_zone uses mem_cgroup_soft_reclaim_eligible as a predicate for
mem_cgroup_iter so the decision whether a particular group should be
visited is done at the iterator level which allows us to decide to skip
the whole subtree as well (if there is no child in excess).  This reduces
the tree walk overhead considerably.

* TEST 1
========

My primary test case was a parallel kernel build with 2 groups (make is
running with -j8 with a distribution .config in a separate cgroup without
any hard limit) on a 32 CPU machine booted with 1GB memory and both builds
run taskset to Node 0 cpus.

I was mostly interested in 2 setups.  Default - no soft limit set and -
and 0 soft limit set to both groups.  The first one should tell us whether
the rework regresses the default behavior while the second one should show
us improvements in an extreme case where both workloads are always over
the soft limit.

/usr/bin/time -v has been used to collect the statistics and each
configuration had 3 runs after fresh boot without any other load on the
system.

base is mmotm-2013-07-18-16-40
rework all 8 patches applied on top of base

* No-limit
User
no-limit/base: min: 651.92 max: 672.65 avg: 664.33 std: 8.01 runs: 6
no-limit/rework: min: 657.34 [100.8%] max: 668.39 [99.4%] avg: 663.13 [99.8%] std: 3.61 runs: 6
System
no-limit/base: min: 69.33 max: 71.39 avg: 70.32 std: 0.79 runs: 6
no-limit/rework: min: 69.12 [99.7%] max: 71.05 [99.5%] avg: 70.04 [99.6%] std: 0.59 runs: 6
Elapsed
no-limit/base: min: 398.27 max: 422.36 avg: 408.85 std: 7.74 runs: 6
no-limit/rework: min: 386.36 [97.0%] max: 438.40 [103.8%] avg: 416.34 [101.8%] std: 18.85 runs: 6

The results are within noise. Elapsed time has a bigger variance but the
average looks good.

* 0-limit
User
0-limit/base: min: 573.76 max: 605.63 avg: 585.73 std: 12.21 runs: 6
0-limit/rework: min: 645.77 [112.6%] max: 666.25 [110.0%] avg: 656.97 [112.2%] std: 7.77 runs: 6
System
0-limit/base: min: 69.57 max: 71.13 avg: 70.29 std: 0.54 runs: 6
0-limit/rework: min: 68.68 [98.7%] max: 71.40 [100.4%] avg: 69.91 [99.5%] std: 0.87 runs: 6
Elapsed
0-limit/base: min: 1306.14 max: 1550.17 avg: 1430.35 std: 90.86 runs: 6
0-limit/rework: min: 404.06 [30.9%] max: 465.94 [30.1%] avg: 434.81 [30.4%] std: 22.68 runs: 6

The improvement is really huge here (even bigger than with my previous
testing and I suspect that this highly depends on the storage).  Page
fault statistics tell us at least part of the story:

Minor
0-limit/base: min: 37180461.00 max: 37319986.00 avg: 37247470.00 std: 54772.71 runs: 6
0-limit/rework: min: 36751685.00 [98.8%] max: 36805379.00 [98.6%] avg: 36774506.33 [98.7%] std: 17109.03 runs: 6
Major
0-limit/base: min: 170604.00 max: 221141.00 avg: 196081.83 std: 18217.01 runs: 6
0-limit/rework: min: 2864.00 [1.7%] max: 10029.00 [4.5%] avg: 5627.33 [2.9%] std: 2252.71 runs: 6

Same as with my previous testing Minor faults are more or less within
noise but Major fault count is way bellow the base kernel.

While this looks as a nice win it is fair to say that 0-limit
configuration is quite artificial. So I was playing with 0-no-limit
loads as well.

* TEST 2
========

The following results are from 2 groups configuration on a 16GB machine
(single NUMA node).

- A running stream IO (dd if=/dev/zero of=local.file bs=1024) with
  2*TotalMem with 0 soft limit.
- B running a mem_eater which consumes TotalMem-1G without any limit. The
  mem_eater consumes the memory in 100 chunks with 1s nap after each
  mmap+poppulate so that both loads have chance to fight for the memory.

The expected result is that B shouldn't be reclaimed and A shouldn't see
a big dropdown in elapsed time.

User
base: min: 2.68 max: 2.89 avg: 2.76 std: 0.09 runs: 3
rework: min: 3.27 [122.0%] max: 3.74 [129.4%] avg: 3.44 [124.6%] std: 0.21 runs: 3
System
base: min: 86.26 max: 88.29 avg: 87.28 std: 0.83 runs: 3
rework: min: 81.05 [94.0%] max: 84.96 [96.2%] avg: 83.14 [95.3%] std: 1.61 runs: 3
Elapsed
base: min: 317.28 max: 332.39 avg: 325.84 std: 6.33 runs: 3
rework: min: 281.53 [88.7%] max: 298.16 [89.7%] avg: 290.99 [89.3%] std: 6.98 runs: 3

System time improved slightly as well as Elapsed. My previous testing
has shown worse numbers but this again seem to depend on the storage
speed.

My theory is that the writeback doesn't catch up and prio-0 soft reclaim
falls into wait on writeback page too often in the base kernel. The
patched kernel doesn't do that because the soft reclaim is done from the
kswapd/direct reclaim context. This can be seen on the following graph
nicely. The A's group usage_in_bytes regurarly drops really low very often.

All 3 runs
http://labs.suse.cz/mhocko/soft_limit_rework/stream_io-vs-mem_eater/stream.png
resp. a detail of the single run
http://labs.suse.cz/mhocko/soft_limit_rework/stream_io-vs-mem_eater/stream-one-run.png

mem_eater seems to be doing better as well. It gets to the full
allocation size faster as can be seen on the following graph:
http://labs.suse.cz/mhocko/soft_limit_rework/stream_io-vs-mem_eater/mem_eater-one-run.png

/proc/meminfo collected during the test also shows that rework kernel
hasn't swapped that much (well almost not at all):
base: max: 123900 K avg: 56388.29 K
rework: max: 300 K avg: 128.68 K

kswapd and direct reclaim statistics are of no use unfortunatelly because
soft reclaim is not accounted properly as the counters are hidden by
global_reclaim() checks in the base kernel.

* TEST 3
========

Another test was the same configuration as TEST2 except the stream IO was
replaced by a single kbuild (16 parallel jobs bound to Node0 cpus same as
in TEST1) and mem_eater allocated TotalMem-200M so kbuild had only 200MB
left.

Kbuild did better with the rework kernel here as well:
User
base: min: 860.28 max: 872.86 avg: 868.03 std: 5.54 runs: 3
rework: min: 880.81 [102.4%] max: 887.45 [101.7%] avg: 883.56 [101.8%] std: 2.83 runs: 3
System
base: min: 84.35 max: 85.06 avg: 84.79 std: 0.31 runs: 3
rework: min: 85.62 [101.5%] max: 86.09 [101.2%] avg: 85.79 [101.2%] std: 0.21 runs: 3
Elapsed
base: min: 135.36 max: 243.30 avg: 182.47 std: 45.12 runs: 3
rework: min: 110.46 [81.6%] max: 116.20 [47.8%] avg: 114.15 [62.6%] std: 2.61 runs: 3
Minor
base: min: 36635476.00 max: 36673365.00 avg: 36654812.00 std: 15478.03 runs: 3
rework: min: 36639301.00 [100.0%] max: 36695541.00 [100.1%] avg: 36665511.00 [100.0%] std: 23118.23 runs: 3
Major
base: min: 14708.00 max: 53328.00 avg: 31379.00 std: 16202.24 runs: 3
rework: min: 302.00 [2.1%] max: 414.00 [0.8%] avg: 366.33 [1.2%] std: 47.22 runs: 3

Again we can see a significant improvement in Elapsed (it also seems to
be more stable), there is a huge dropdown for the Major page faults and
much more swapping:
base: max: 583736 K avg: 112547.43 K
rework: max: 4012 K avg: 124.36 K

Graphs from all three runs show the variability of the kbuild quite
nicely.  It even seems that it took longer after every run with the base
kernel which would be quite surprising as the source tree for the build is
removed and caches are dropped after each run so the build operates on a
freshly extracted sources everytime.
http://labs.suse.cz/mhocko/soft_limit_rework/stream_io-vs-mem_eater/kbuild-mem_eater.png

My other testing shows that this is just a matter of timing and other runs
behave differently the std for Elapsed time is similar ~50.  Example of
other three runs:
http://labs.suse.cz/mhocko/soft_limit_rework/stream_io-vs-mem_eater/kbuild-mem_eater2.png

So to wrap this up.  The series is still doing good and improves the soft
limit.

The testing results for bunch of cgroups with both stream IO and kbuild
loads can be found in "memcg: track children in soft limit excess to
improve soft limit".

This patch:

Memcg soft reclaim has been traditionally triggered from the global
reclaim paths before calling shrink_zone.  mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim
then picked up a group which exceeds the soft limit the most and reclaimed
it with 0 priority to reclaim at least SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX pages.

The infrastructure requires per-node-zone trees which hold over-limit
groups and keep them up-to-date (via memcg_check_events) which is not cost
free.  Although this overhead hasn't turned out to be a bottle neck the
implementation is suboptimal because mem_cgroup_update_tree has no idea
which zones consumed memory over the limit so we could easily end up
having a group on a node-zone tree having only few pages from that
node-zone.

This patch doesn't try to fix node-zone trees management because it seems
that integrating soft reclaim into zone shrinking sounds much easier and
more appropriate for several reasons.  First of all 0 priority reclaim was
a crude hack which might lead to big stalls if the group's LRUs are big
and hard to reclaim (e.g.  a lot of dirty/writeback pages).  Soft reclaim
should be applicable also to the targeted reclaim which is awkward right
now without additional hacks.  Last but not least the whole infrastructure
eats quite some code.

After this patch shrink_zone is done in 2 passes.  First it tries to do
the soft reclaim if appropriate (only for global reclaim for now to keep
compatible with the original state) and fall back to ignoring soft limit
if no group is eligible to soft reclaim or nothing has been scanned during
the first pass.  Only groups which are over their soft limit or any of
their parents up the hierarchy is over the limit are considered eligible
during the first pass.

Soft limit tree which is not necessary anymore will be removed in the
follow up patch to make this patch smaller and easier to review.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Li Zefan
c33bd8354f memcg: remove redundant code in mem_cgroup_force_empty_write()
vfs guarantees the cgroup won't be destroyed, so it's redundant to get a
css reference.

Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-12 15:38:00 -07:00
Greg Thelen
2bff24a370 memcg: fix multiple large threshold notifications
A memory cgroup with (1) multiple threshold notifications and (2) at least
one threshold >=2G was not reliable.  Specifically the notifications would
either not fire or would not fire in the proper order.

The __mem_cgroup_threshold() signaling logic depends on keeping 64 bit
thresholds in sorted order.  mem_cgroup_usage_register_event() sorts them
with compare_thresholds(), which returns the difference of two 64 bit
thresholds as an int.  If the difference is positive but has bit[31] set,
then sort() treats the difference as negative and breaks sort order.

This fix compares the two arbitrary 64 bit thresholds returning the
classic -1, 0, 1 result.

The test below sets two notifications (at 0x1000 and 0x81001000):
  cd /sys/fs/cgroup/memory
  mkdir x
  for x in 4096 2164264960; do
    cgroup_event_listener x/memory.usage_in_bytes $x | sed "s/^/$x listener:/" &
  done
  echo $$ > x/cgroup.procs
  anon_leaker 500M

v3.11-rc7 fails to signal the 4096 event listener:
  Leaking...
  Done leaking pages.

Patched v3.11-rc7 properly notifies:
  Leaking...
  4096 listener:2013:8:31:14:13:36
  Done leaking pages.

The fixed bug is old.  It appears to date back to the introduction of
memcg threshold notifications in v2.6.34-rc1-116-g2e72b6347c94 "memcg:
implement memory thresholds"

Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-11 15:58:15 -07:00
Andrey Vagin
90c7a79cc4 kmemcg: don't allocate extra memory for root memcg_cache_params
The memcg_cache_params structure contains the common part and the union,
which represents two different types of data: one for root cashes and
another for child caches.

The size of child data is fixed.  The size of the memcg_caches array is
calculated in runtime.

Currently the size of memcg_cache_params for root caches is calculated
incorrectly, because it includes the size of parameters for child caches.

ssize_t size = memcg_caches_array_size(num_groups);
size *= sizeof(void *);

size += sizeof(struct memcg_cache_params);

v2: Fix a typo in calculations

Signed-off-by: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-09-11 15:57:53 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
32dad03d16 Merge branch 'for-3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
 "A lot of activities on the cgroup front.  Most changes aren't visible
  to userland at all at this point and are laying foundation for the
  planned unified hierarchy.

   - The biggest change is decoupling the lifetime management of css
     (cgroup_subsys_state) from that of cgroup's.  Because controllers
     (cpu, memory, block and so on) will need to be dynamically enabled
     and disabled, css which is the association point between a cgroup
     and a controller may come and go dynamically across the lifetime of
     a cgroup.  Till now, css's were created when the associated cgroup
     was created and stayed till the cgroup got destroyed.

     Assumptions around this tight coupling permeated through cgroup
     core and controllers.  These assumptions are gradually removed,
     which consists bulk of patches, and css destruction path is
     completely decoupled from cgroup destruction path.  Note that
     decoupling of creation path is relatively easy on top of these
     changes and the patchset is pending for the next window.

   - cgroup has its own event mechanism cgroup.event_control, which is
     only used by memcg.  It is overly complex trying to achieve high
     flexibility whose benefits seem dubious at best.  Going forward,
     new events will simply generate file modified event and the
     existing mechanism is being made specific to memcg.  This pull
     request contains prepatory patches for such change.

   - Various fixes and cleanups"

Fixed up conflict in kernel/cgroup.c as per Tejun.

* 'for-3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (69 commits)
  cgroup: fix cgroup_css() invocation in css_from_id()
  cgroup: make cgroup_write_event_control() use css_from_dir() instead of __d_cgrp()
  cgroup: make cgroup_event hold onto cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup
  cgroup: implement CFTYPE_NO_PREFIX
  cgroup: make cgroup_css() take cgroup_subsys * instead and allow NULL subsys
  cgroup: rename cgroup_css_from_dir() to css_from_dir() and update its syntax
  cgroup: fix cgroup_write_event_control()
  cgroup: fix subsystem file accesses on the root cgroup
  cgroup: change cgroup_from_id() to css_from_id()
  cgroup: use css_get() in cgroup_create() to check CSS_ROOT
  cpuset: remove an unncessary forward declaration
  cgroup: RCU protect each cgroup_subsys_state release
  cgroup: move subsys file removal to kill_css()
  cgroup: factor out kill_css()
  cgroup: decouple cgroup_subsys_state destruction from cgroup destruction
  cgroup: replace cgroup->css_kill_cnt with ->nr_css
  cgroup: bounce cgroup_subsys_state ref kill confirmation to a work item
  cgroup: move cgroup->subsys[] assignment to online_css()
  cgroup: reorganize css init / exit paths
  cgroup: add __rcu modifier to cgroup->subsys[]
  ...
2013-09-03 18:25:03 -07:00
Michal Hocko
07555ac144 memcg: get rid of swapaccount leftovers
The swapaccount kernel parameter without any values has been removed by
commit a2c8990aed ("memsw: remove noswapaccount kernel parameter") but
it seems that we didn't get rid of all the left overs.

Make sure that menuconfig help text and kernel-parameters.txt are clear
about value for the paramter and remove the stalled comment which is not
very much useful on its own.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Gergely Risko <gergely@risko.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-08-23 09:51:22 -07:00
Andrey Vagin
3e6b11df24 memcg: don't initialize kmem-cache destroying work for root caches
struct memcg_cache_params has a union.  Different parts of this union
are used for root and non-root caches.  A part with destroying work is
used only for non-root caches.

I fixed the same problem in another place v3.9-rc1-16204-gf101a94, but
didn't notice this one.

This patch fixes the kernel panic:

[   46.848187] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at 000000fffffffeb8
[   46.849026] IP: [<ffffffff811a484c>] kmem_cache_destroy_memcg_children+0x6c/0xc0
[   46.849092] PGD 0
[   46.849092] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
...

Signed-off-by: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>    [3.9.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-08-13 17:57:47 -07:00
Tejun Heo
bd8815a6d8 cgroup: make css_for_each_descendant() and friends include the origin css in the iteration
Previously, all css descendant iterators didn't include the origin
(root of subtree) css in the iteration.  The reasons were maintaining
consistency with css_for_each_child() and that at the time of
introduction more use cases needed skipping the origin anyway;
however, given that css_is_descendant() considers self to be a
descendant, omitting the origin css has become more confusing and
looking at the accumulated use cases rather clearly indicates that
including origin would result in simpler code overall.

While this is a change which can easily lead to subtle bugs, cgroup
API including the iterators has recently gone through major
restructuring and no out-of-tree changes will be applicable without
adjustments making this a relatively acceptable opportunity for this
type of change.

The conversions are mostly straight-forward.  If the iteration block
had explicit origin handling before or after, it's moved inside the
iteration.  If not, if (pos == origin) continue; is added.  Some
conversions add extra reference get/put around origin handling by
consolidating origin handling and the rest.  While the extra ref
operations aren't strictly necessary, this shouldn't cause any
noticeable difference.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:27 -04:00
Tejun Heo
81eeaf0411 cgroup: make cftype->[un]register_event() deal with cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup
cgroup is in the process of converting to css (cgroup_subsys_state)
from cgroup as the principal subsystem interface handle.  This is
mostly to prepare for the unified hierarchy support where css's will
be created and destroyed dynamically but also helps cleaning up
subsystem implementations as css is usually what they are interested
in anyway.

cftype->[un]register_event() is among the remaining couple interfaces
which still use struct cgroup.  Convert it to cgroup_subsys_state.
The conversion is mostly mechanical and removes the last users of
mem_cgroup_from_cont() and cg_to_vmpressure(), which are removed.

v2: indentation update as suggested by Li Zefan.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:26 -04:00
Tejun Heo
72ec702993 cgroup: make task iterators deal with cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup
cgroup is in the process of converting to css (cgroup_subsys_state)
from cgroup as the principal subsystem interface handle.  This is
mostly to prepare for the unified hierarchy support where css's will
be created and destroyed dynamically but also helps cleaning up
subsystem implementations as css is usually what they are interested
in anyway.

This patch converts task iterators to deal with css instead of cgroup.
Note that under unified hierarchy, different sets of tasks will be
considered belonging to a given cgroup depending on the subsystem in
question and making the iterators deal with css instead cgroup
provides them with enough information about the iteration.

While at it, fix several function comment formats in cpuset.c.

This patch doesn't introduce any behavior differences.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:26 -04:00
Tejun Heo
c59cd3d840 cgroup: make cgroup_task_iter remember the cgroup being iterated
Currently all cgroup_task_iter functions require @cgrp to be passed
in, which is superflous and increases chance of usage error.  Make
cgroup_task_iter remember the cgroup being iterated and drop @cgrp
argument from next and end functions.

This patch doesn't introduce any behavior differences.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:26 -04:00
Tejun Heo
0942eeeef6 cgroup: rename cgroup_iter to cgroup_task_iter
cgroup now has multiple iterators and it's quite confusing to have
something which walks over tasks of a single cgroup named cgroup_iter.
Let's rename it to cgroup_task_iter.

While at it, reformat / update comments and replace the overview
comment above the interface function decls with proper function
comments.  Such overview can be useful but function comments should be
more than enough here.

This is pure rename and doesn't introduce any functional changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:26 -04:00
Tejun Heo
492eb21b98 cgroup: make hierarchy iterators deal with cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup
cgroup is currently in the process of transitioning to using css
(cgroup_subsys_state) as the primary handle instead of cgroup in
subsystem API.  For hierarchy iterators, this is beneficial because

* In most cases, css is the only thing subsystems care about anyway.

* On the planned unified hierarchy, iterations for different
  subsystems will need to skip over different subtrees of the
  hierarchy depending on which subsystems are enabled on each cgroup.
  Passing around css makes it unnecessary to explicitly specify the
  subsystem in question as css is intersection between cgroup and
  subsystem

* For the planned unified hierarchy, css's would need to be created
  and destroyed dynamically independent from cgroup hierarchy.  Having
  cgroup core manage css iteration makes enforcing deref rules a lot
  easier.

Most subsystem conversions are straight-forward.  Noteworthy changes
are

* blkio: cgroup_to_blkcg() is no longer used.  Removed.

* freezer: cgroup_freezer() is no longer used.  Removed.

* devices: cgroup_to_devcgroup() is no longer used.  Removed.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-08-08 20:11:25 -04:00
Tejun Heo
182446d087 cgroup: pass around cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup in file methods
cgroup is currently in the process of transitioning to using struct
cgroup_subsys_state * as the primary handle instead of struct cgroup.
Please see the previous commit which converts the subsystem methods
for rationale.

This patch converts all cftype file operations to take @css instead of
@cgroup.  cftypes for the cgroup core files don't have their subsytem
pointer set.  These will automatically use the dummy_css added by the
previous patch and can be converted the same way.

Most subsystem conversions are straight forwards but there are some
interesting ones.

* freezer: update_if_frozen() is also converted to take @css instead
  of @cgroup for consistency.  This will make the code look simpler
  too once iterators are converted to use css.

* memory/vmpressure: mem_cgroup_from_css() needs to be exported to
  vmpressure while mem_cgroup_from_cont() can be made static.
  Updated accordingly.

* cpu: cgroup_tg() doesn't have any user left.  Removed.

* cpuacct: cgroup_ca() doesn't have any user left.  Removed.

* hugetlb: hugetlb_cgroup_form_cgroup() doesn't have any user left.
  Removed.

* net_cls: cgrp_cls_state() doesn't have any user left.  Removed.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2013-08-08 20:11:24 -04:00
Tejun Heo
eb95419b02 cgroup: pass around cgroup_subsys_state instead of cgroup in subsystem methods
cgroup is currently in the process of transitioning to using struct
cgroup_subsys_state * as the primary handle instead of struct cgroup *
in subsystem implementations for the following reasons.

* With unified hierarchy, subsystems will be dynamically bound and
  unbound from cgroups and thus css's (cgroup_subsys_state) may be
  created and destroyed dynamically over the lifetime of a cgroup,
  which is different from the current state where all css's are
  allocated and destroyed together with the associated cgroup.  This
  in turn means that cgroup_css() should be synchronized and may
  return NULL, making it more cumbersome to use.

* Differing levels of per-subsystem granularity in the unified
  hierarchy means that the task and descendant iterators should behave
  differently depending on the specific subsystem the iteration is
  being performed for.

* In majority of the cases, subsystems only care about its part in the
  cgroup hierarchy - ie. the hierarchy of css's.  Subsystem methods
  often obtain the matching css pointer from the cgroup and don't
  bother with the cgroup pointer itself.  Passing around css fits
  much better.

This patch converts all cgroup_subsys methods to take @css instead of
@cgroup.  The conversions are mostly straight-forward.  A few
noteworthy changes are

* ->css_alloc() now takes css of the parent cgroup rather than the
  pointer to the new cgroup as the css for the new cgroup doesn't
  exist yet.  Knowing the parent css is enough for all the existing
  subsystems.

* In kernel/cgroup.c::offline_css(), unnecessary open coded css
  dereference is replaced with local variable access.

This patch shouldn't cause any behavior differences.

v2: Unnecessary explicit cgrp->subsys[] deref in css_online() replaced
    with local variable @css as suggested by Li Zefan.

    Rebased on top of new for-3.12 which includes for-3.11-fixes so
    that ->css_free() invocation added by da0a12caff ("cgroup: fix a
    leak when percpu_ref_init() fails") is converted too.  Suggested
    by Li Zefan.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2013-08-08 20:11:23 -04:00
Tejun Heo
6387698699 cgroup: add css_parent()
Currently, controllers have to explicitly follow the cgroup hierarchy
to find the parent of a given css.  cgroup is moving towards using
cgroup_subsys_state as the main controller interface construct, so
let's provide a way to climb the hierarchy using just csses.

This patch implements css_parent() which, given a css, returns its
parent.  The function is guarnateed to valid non-NULL parent css as
long as the target css is not at the top of the hierarchy.

freezer, cpuset, cpu, cpuacct, hugetlb, memory, net_cls and devices
are converted to use css_parent() instead of accessing cgroup->parent
directly.

* __parent_ca() is dropped from cpuacct and its usage is replaced with
  parent_ca().  The only difference between the two was NULL test on
  cgroup->parent which is now embedded in css_parent() making the
  distinction moot.  Note that eventually a css->parent field will be
  added to css and the NULL check in css_parent() will go away.

This patch shouldn't cause any behavior differences.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:23 -04:00
Tejun Heo
a7c6d554aa cgroup: add/update accessors which obtain subsys specific data from css
css (cgroup_subsys_state) is usually embedded in a subsys specific
data structure.  Subsystems either use container_of() directly to cast
from css to such data structure or has an accessor function wrapping
such cast.  As cgroup as whole is moving towards using css as the main
interface handle, add and update such accessors to ease dealing with
css's.

All accessors explicitly handle NULL input and return NULL in those
cases.  While this looks like an extra branch in the code, as all
controllers specific data structures have css as the first field, the
casting doesn't involve any offsetting and the compiler can trivially
optimize out the branch.

* blkio, freezer, cpuset, cpu, cpuacct and net_cls didn't have such
  accessor.  Added.

* memory, hugetlb and devices already had one but didn't explicitly
  handle NULL input.  Updated.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:23 -04:00
Tejun Heo
8af01f56a0 cgroup: s/cgroup_subsys_state/cgroup_css/ s/task_subsys_state/task_css/
The names of the two struct cgroup_subsys_state accessors -
cgroup_subsys_state() and task_subsys_state() - are somewhat awkward.
The former clashes with the type name and the latter doesn't even
indicate it's somehow related to cgroup.

We're about to revamp large portion of cgroup API, so, let's rename
them so that they're less awkward.  Most per-controller usages of the
accessors are localized in accessor wrappers and given the amount of
scheduled changes, this isn't gonna add any noticeable headache.

Rename cgroup_subsys_state() to cgroup_css() and task_subsys_state()
to task_css().  This patch is pure rename.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
2013-08-08 20:11:22 -04:00