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commit c1c1204c0d0c1dccc1310b9277fb2bd8b663d8fe upstream.
If a readahead is issued to a sequential zone file with an offset
exactly equal to the current file size, the iomap type is set to
IOMAP_UNWRITTEN, which will prevent an IO, but the iomap length is
calculated as 0. This causes a WARN_ON() in iomap_iter():
[17309.548939] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 2137 at fs/iomap/iter.c:34 iomap_iter+0x9cf/0xe80
[...]
[17309.650907] RIP: 0010:iomap_iter+0x9cf/0xe80
[...]
[17309.754560] Call Trace:
[17309.757078] <TASK>
[17309.759240] ? lock_is_held_type+0xd8/0x130
[17309.763531] iomap_readahead+0x1a8/0x870
[17309.767550] ? iomap_read_folio+0x4c0/0x4c0
[17309.771817] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x400/0x400
[17309.778848] ? lock_release+0x370/0x750
[17309.784462] ? folio_add_lru+0x217/0x3f0
[17309.790220] ? reacquire_held_locks+0x4e0/0x4e0
[17309.796543] read_pages+0x17d/0xb60
[17309.801854] ? folio_add_lru+0x238/0x3f0
[17309.807573] ? readahead_expand+0x5f0/0x5f0
[17309.813554] ? policy_node+0xb5/0x140
[17309.819018] page_cache_ra_unbounded+0x27d/0x450
[17309.825439] filemap_get_pages+0x500/0x1450
[17309.831444] ? filemap_add_folio+0x140/0x140
[17309.837519] ? lock_is_held_type+0xd8/0x130
[17309.843509] filemap_read+0x28c/0x9f0
[17309.848953] ? zonefs_file_read_iter+0x1ea/0x4d0 [zonefs]
[17309.856162] ? trace_contention_end+0xd6/0x130
[17309.862416] ? __mutex_lock+0x221/0x1480
[17309.868151] ? zonefs_file_read_iter+0x166/0x4d0 [zonefs]
[17309.875364] ? filemap_get_pages+0x1450/0x1450
[17309.881647] ? __mutex_unlock_slowpath+0x15e/0x620
[17309.888248] ? wait_for_completion_io_timeout+0x20/0x20
[17309.895231] ? lock_is_held_type+0xd8/0x130
[17309.901115] ? lock_is_held_type+0xd8/0x130
[17309.906934] zonefs_file_read_iter+0x356/0x4d0 [zonefs]
[17309.913750] new_sync_read+0x2d8/0x520
[17309.919035] ? __x64_sys_lseek+0x1d0/0x1d0
Furthermore, this causes iomap_readahead() to loop forever as
iomap_readahead_iter() always returns 0, making no progress.
Fix this by treating reads after the file size as access to holes,
setting the iomap type to IOMAP_HOLE, the iomap addr to IOMAP_NULL_ADDR
and using the length argument as is for the iomap length. To simplify
the code with this change, zonefs_iomap_begin() is split into the read
variant, zonefs_read_iomap_begin() and zonefs_read_iomap_ops, and the
write variant, zonefs_write_iomap_begin() and zonefs_write_iomap_ops.
Reported-by: Jorgen Hansen <Jorgen.Hansen@wdc.com>
Fixes: 8dcc1a9d90c1 ("fs: New zonefs file system")
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Hansen <Jorgen.Hansen@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit b55c3cd102a6f48b90e61c44f7f3dda8c290c694 upstream.
We capture a NULL pointer issue when resizing a corrupt ext4 image which
is freshly clear resize_inode feature (not run e2fsck). It could be
simply reproduced by following steps. The problem is because of the
resize_inode feature was cleared, and it will convert the filesystem to
meta_bg mode in ext4_resize_fs(), but the es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks was
not reduced to zero, so could we mistakenly call reserve_backup_gdb()
and passing an uninitialized resize_inode to it when adding new group
descriptors.
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda 3G
tune2fs -O ^resize_inode /dev/sda #forget to run requested e2fsck
mount /dev/sda /mnt
resize2fs /dev/sda 8G
========
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000028
CPU: 19 PID: 3243 Comm: resize2fs Not tainted 5.18.0-rc7-00001-gfde086c5ebfd #748
...
RIP: 0010:ext4_flex_group_add+0xe08/0x2570
...
Call Trace:
<TASK>
ext4_resize_fs+0xbec/0x1660
__ext4_ioctl+0x1749/0x24e0
ext4_ioctl+0x12/0x20
__x64_sys_ioctl+0xa6/0x110
do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
RIP: 0033:0x7f2dd739617b
========
The fix is simple, add a check in ext4_resize_begin() to make sure that
the es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks is zero when the resize_inode feature is
disabled.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Ritesh Harjani <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220601092717.763694-1-yi.zhang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit bc75a6eb856cb1507fa907bf6c1eda91b3fef52f upstream.
Since dx_make_map() may return -EFSCORRUPTED now, so change "count" to
be a signed integer so we can correctly check for an error code returned
by dx_make_map().
Fixes: 46c116b920eb ("ext4: verify dir block before splitting it")
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ding Xiang <dingxiang@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220530100047.537598-1-dingxiang@cmss.chinamobile.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit a08f789d2ab5242c07e716baf9a835725046be89 upstream.
Hulk Robot reported a BUG_ON:
==================================================================
kernel BUG at fs/ext4/mballoc.c:3211!
[...]
RIP: 0010:ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used.cold+0x85/0x136f
[...]
Call Trace:
ext4_mb_new_blocks+0x9df/0x5d30
ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x1803/0x4d80
ext4_map_blocks+0x3a4/0x1a10
ext4_writepages+0x126d/0x2c30
do_writepages+0x7f/0x1b0
__filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x285/0x3b0
file_write_and_wait_range+0xb1/0x140
ext4_sync_file+0x1aa/0xca0
vfs_fsync_range+0xfb/0x260
do_fsync+0x48/0xa0
[...]
==================================================================
Above issue may happen as follows:
-------------------------------------
do_fsync
vfs_fsync_range
ext4_sync_file
file_write_and_wait_range
__filemap_fdatawrite_range
do_writepages
ext4_writepages
mpage_map_and_submit_extent
mpage_map_one_extent
ext4_map_blocks
ext4_mb_new_blocks
ext4_mb_normalize_request
>>> start + size <= ac->ac_o_ex.fe_logical
ext4_mb_regular_allocator
ext4_mb_simple_scan_group
ext4_mb_use_best_found
ext4_mb_new_preallocation
ext4_mb_new_inode_pa
ext4_mb_use_inode_pa
>>> set ac->ac_b_ex.fe_len <= 0
ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used
>>> BUG_ON(ac->ac_b_ex.fe_len <= 0);
we can easily reproduce this problem with the following commands:
`fallocate -l100M disk`
`mkfs.ext4 -b 1024 -g 256 disk`
`mount disk /mnt`
`fsstress -d /mnt -l 0 -n 1000 -p 1`
The size must be smaller than or equal to EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP.
Therefore, "start + size <= ac->ac_o_ex.fe_logical" may occur
when the size is truncated. So start should be the start position of
the group where ac_o_ex.fe_logical is located after alignment.
In addition, when the value of fe_logical or EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP
is very large, the value calculated by start_off is more accurate.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Fixes: cd648b8a8fd5 ("ext4: trim allocation requests to group size")
Reported-by: Hulk Robot <hulkci@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Ritesh Harjani <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220528110017.354175-2-libaokun1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 9b6641dd95a0c441b277dd72ba22fed8d61f76ad upstream.
We got issue as follows:
[home]# mount /dev/sda test
EXT4-fs (sda): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended
[home]# dmesg
EXT4-fs (sda): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended
EXT4-fs (sda): Errors on filesystem, clearing orphan list.
EXT4-fs (sda): recovery complete
EXT4-fs (sda): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none.
[home]# debugfs /dev/sda
debugfs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Checksum errors in superblock! Retrying...
Reason is ext4_orphan_cleanup will reset ‘s_last_orphan’ but not update
super block checksum.
To solve above issue, defer update super block checksum after
ext4_orphan_cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Ye Bin <yebin10@huawei.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Ritesh Harjani <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220525012904.1604737-1-yebin10@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit d11d31fc5d8a96f707facee0babdcffaafa38de2 ]
Fixed buffer table quiesce might unlock ->uring_lock, potentially
letting new requests to be submitted, don't allow those requests to
use the table as they will race with unregistration.
Reported-and-tested-by: van fantasy <g1042620637@gmail.com>
Fixes: bd54b6fe3316ec ("io_uring: implement fixed buffers registration similar to fixed files")
Signed-off-by: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b0380bf6dad4601d92025841e2b7a135d566c6e3 ]
Fixed file table quiesce might unlock ->uring_lock, potentially letting
new requests to be submitted, don't allow those requests to use the
table as they will race with unregistration.
Reported-and-tested-by: van fantasy <g1042620637@gmail.com>
Fixes: 05f3fb3c53975 ("io_uring: avoid ring quiesce for fixed file set unregister and update")
Signed-off-by: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 880265c77ac415090090d1fe72a188fee71cb458 ]
If we're about to send the first layoutget for an empty layout, we want
to make sure that we drain out the existing pending layoutget calls
first. The reason is that these layouts may have been already implicitly
returned to the server by a recall to which the client gave a
NFS4ERR_NOMATCHING_LAYOUT response.
The problem is that wait_var_event_killable() could in principle see the
plh_outstanding count go back to '1' when the first process to wake up
starts sending a new layoutget. If it fails to get a layout, then this
loop can continue ad infinitum...
Fixes: 0b77f97a7e42 ("NFSv4/pnfs: Fix layoutget behaviour after invalidation")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit fe44fb23d6ccde4c914c44ef74ab8d9d9ba02bea ]
If the server tells us that a pNFS layout is not available for a
specific file, then we should not keep pounding it with further
layoutget requests.
Fixes: 183d9e7b112a ("pnfs: rework LAYOUTGET retry handling")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 537e11cdc7a6b3ce94fa25ed41306193df9677b7 ]
As described in commit 02117b8ae9c0 ("f2fs: Set GF_NOFS in
read_cache_page_gfp while doing f2fs_quota_read"), we must not enter
filesystem reclaim while holding the dq_lock. Prevent this more generally
by using memalloc_nofs_save() while holding the lock.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220605143815.2330891-2-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 555dbf1a9aac6d3150c8b52fa35f768a692f4eeb upstream.
The nfsd_file nf_rwsem is currently being used to separate file write
and commit instances to ensure that we catch errors and apply them to
the correct write/commit.
We can improve scalability at the expense of a little accuracy (some
extra false positives) by replacing the nf_rwsem with more careful
use of the errseq_t mechanism to track errors across the different
operations.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
[ cel: rebased on zero-verifier fix ]
Signed-off-by: Leah Rumancik <leah.rumancik@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit a2a513be7139b279f1b5b2cee59c6c4950c34346 upstream.
Ignoring the explicit_open mount option on mount for devices that do not
have a limit on the number of open zones must be done after the mount
options are parsed and set in s_mount_opts. Move the check to ignore
the explicit_open option after the call to zonefs_parse_options() in
zonefs_fill_super().
Fixes: b5c00e975779 ("zonefs: open/close zone on file open/close")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 10e14073107dd0b6d97d9516a02845a8e501c2c9 upstream.
Commit b35250c0816c ("writeback: Protect inode->i_io_list with
inode->i_lock") made inode->i_io_list not only protected by
wb->list_lock but also inode->i_lock, but inode_io_list_move_locked()
was missed. Add lock there and also update comment describing
things protected by inode->i_lock. This also fixes a race where
__mark_inode_dirty() could move inode under flush worker's hands
and thus sync(2) could miss writing some inodes.
Fixes: b35250c0816c ("writeback: Protect inode->i_io_list with inode->i_lock")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220524150540.12552-1-sunjunchao2870@gmail.com
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jchao Sun <sunjunchao2870@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit c36ee7dab7749f7be21f7a72392744490b2a9a2b upstream.
cifs.ko defines two file system types: cifs & smb3, and
__cifs_get_super() was not including smb3 file system type when
looking up superblocks, therefore failing to reconnect tcons in
cifs_tree_connect().
Fix this by calling iterate_supers_type() on both file system types.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAFrh3J9soC36+BVuwHB=g9z_KB5Og2+p2_W+BBoBOZveErz14w@mail.gmail.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Tested-by: Satadru Pramanik <satadru@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Satadru Pramanik <satadru@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paulo Alcantara (SUSE) <pc@cjr.nz>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 8ea21823aa584b55ba4b861307093b78054b0c1b upstream.
During reconnects, we check the return value from
cifs_negotiate_protocol, and have handlers for both success
and failures. But if that passes, and cifs_setup_session
returns any errors other than -EACCES, we do not handle
that. This fix adds a handler for that, so that we don't
go ahead and try a tree_connect on a failed session.
Signed-off-by: Shyam Prasad N <sprasad@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Enzo Matsumiya <ematsumiya@suse.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 7ef93ffccd55fb0ba000ed16ef6a81cd7dee07b5 ]
We should not be including unused smb20 specific code when legacy
support is disabled (CONFIG_CIFS_ALLOW_INSECURE_LEGACY turned
off). For example smb2_operations and smb2_values aren't used
in that case. Over time we can move more and more SMB1/CIFS and SMB2.0
code into the insecure legacy ifdefs
Reviewed-by: Ronnie Sahlberg <lsahlber@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 1b2ba3c5616e17ff951359e25c658a1c3f146f1e ]
Before waiting for a request's safe reply, we will send the mdlog flush
request to the relevant MDS. And this will also flush the mdlog for all
the other unsafe requests in the same session, so we can record the last
session and no need to flush mdlog again in the next loop. But there
still have cases that it may send the mdlog flush requst twice or more,
but that should be not often.
Rename wait_unsafe_requests() to
flush_mdlog_and_wait_mdsc_unsafe_requests() to make it more
descriptive.
[xiubli: fold in MDS request refcount leak fix from Jeff]
URL: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/55284
URL: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/55411
Signed-off-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit d7a2dc523085f8b8c60548ceedc696934aefeb0e ]
`rctime' has been a pain point in cephfs due to its buggy
nature - inconsistent values reported and those sorts.
Fixing rctime is non-trivial needing an overall redesign
of the entire nested statistics infrastructure.
As a workaround, PR
http://github.com/ceph/ceph/pull/37938
allows this extended attribute to be manually set. This allows
users to "fixup" inconsistent rctime values. While this sounds
messy, its probably the wisest approach allowing users/scripts
to workaround buggy rctime values.
The above PR enables Ceph MDS to allow manually setting
rctime extended attribute with the corresponding user-land
changes. We may as well allow the same to be done via kclient
for parity.
Signed-off-by: Venky Shankar <vshankar@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 1a702dc88e150487c9c173a249b3d236498b9183 ]
Previously the protection of kernfs_pr_cont_buf was piggy backed by
rename_lock, which means that pr_cont() needs to be protected under
rename_lock. This can cause potential circular lock dependencies.
If there is an OOM, we have the following call hierarchy:
-> cpuset_print_current_mems_allowed()
-> pr_cont_cgroup_name()
-> pr_cont_kernfs_name()
pr_cont_kernfs_name() will grab rename_lock and call printk. So we have
the following lock dependencies:
kernfs_rename_lock -> console_sem
Sometimes, printk does a wakeup before releasing console_sem, which has
the dependence chain:
console_sem -> p->pi_lock -> rq->lock
Now, imagine one wants to read cgroup_name under rq->lock, for example,
printing cgroup_name in a tracepoint in the scheduler code. They will
be holding rq->lock and take rename_lock:
rq->lock -> kernfs_rename_lock
Now they will deadlock.
A prevention to this circular lock dependency is to separate the
protection of pr_cont_buf from rename_lock. In principle, rename_lock
is to protect the integrity of cgroup name when copying to buf. Once
pr_cont_buf has got its content, rename_lock can be dropped. So it's
safe to drop rename_lock after kernfs_name_locked (and
kernfs_path_from_node_locked) and rely on a dedicated pr_cont_lock
to protect pr_cont_buf.
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220516190951.3144144-1-haoluo@google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 2d1fe8a86bf5e0663866fd0da83c2af1e1b0e362 ]
In order to garantee migrated data be persisted during checkpoint,
otherwise out-of-order persistency between data and node may cause
data corruption after SPOR.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 6949493884fe88500de4af182588e071cf1544ee ]
When doing layoutget as part of the open() compound, we have to be
careful to release the layout locks before we can call any further RPC
calls, such as setattr(). The reason is that those calls could trigger
a recall, which could deadlock.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit dc2f78e2d4cc844a1458653d57ce1b54d4a29f21 ]
Syzbot triggers two WARNs in f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr and
__is_bitmap_valid. For example, in f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr,
if type is DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE or DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE_READ,
it invokes WARN_ON if blkaddr is not in the right range.
The call trace is as follows:
f2fs_get_node_info+0x45f/0x1070
read_node_page+0x577/0x1190
__get_node_page.part.0+0x9e/0x10e0
__get_node_page
f2fs_get_node_page+0x109/0x180
do_read_inode
f2fs_iget+0x2a5/0x58b0
f2fs_fill_super+0x3b39/0x7ca0
Fix these two WARNs by replacing WARN_ON with dump_stack.
Reported-by: syzbot+763ae12a2ede1d99d4dc@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dongliang Mu <mudongliangabcd@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 17eabd42560f4636648ad65ba5b20228071e2363 ]
In AFS, a directory is handled as a file that the client downloads and
parses locally for the purposes of performing lookup and getdents
operations. The in-kernel afs filesystem has a number of functions that
do this.
A directory file is arranged as a series of 2K blocks divided into
32-byte slots, where a directory entry occupies one or more slots, plus
each block starts with one or more metadata blocks.
When parsing a block, if the last slots are occupied by a dirent that
occupies more than a single slot and the file position points at a slot
that's not the initial one, the logic in afs_dir_iterate_block() that
skips over it won't advance the file pointer to the end of it. This
will cause an infinite loop in getdents() as it will keep retrying that
block and failing to advance beyond the final entry.
Fix this by advancing the file pointer if the next entry will be beyond
it when we skip a block.
This was found by the generic/676 xfstest but can also be triggered with
something like:
~/xfstests-dev/src/t_readdir_3 /xfstest.test/z 4000 1
Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Tested-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lore.kernel.org/r/165391973497.110268.2939296942213894166.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit d21a580dafc69aa04f46e6099616146a536b0724 ]
The issue happens in a specific path in smb_check_perm_dacl(). When
"id" and "uid" have the same value, the function simply jumps out of
the loop without decrementing the reference count of the object
"posix_acls", which is increased by get_acl() earlier. This may
result in memory leaks.
Fix it by decreasing the reference count of "posix_acls" before
jumping to label "check_access_bits".
Fixes: 777cad1604d6 ("ksmbd: remove select FS_POSIX_ACL in Kconfig")
Signed-off-by: Xin Xiong <xiongx18@fudan.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Xin Tan <tanxin.ctf@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit f26967b9f7a830e228bb13fb41bd516ddd9d789d upstream.
log_read_rst() returns ENOMEM error when there is not enough memory.
In this case, if info is returned without initialization,
it attempts to kfree the uninitialized info->r_page pointer. This patch
moves the memset initialization code to before log_read_rst() is called.
Reported-by: Gerald Lee <sundaywind2004@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Komarov <almaz.alexandrovich@paragon-software.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3a761d72fa62eec8913e45d29375344f61706541 upstream.
Make the two locations where exportfs helpers check permission to lookup
a given inode idmapped mount aware by switching it to the lookup_one()
helper. This is a bugfix for the open_by_handle_at() system call which
doesn't take idmapped mounts into account currently. It's not tied to a
specific commit so we'll just Cc stable.
In addition this is required to support idmapped base layers in overlay.
The overlay filesystem uses exportfs to encode and decode file handles
for its index=on mount option and when nfs_export=on.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org>
Tested-by: Giuseppe Scrivano <gscrivan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 00675017e0aeba5305665c52ded4ddce6a4c0231 upstream.
Similar to the addition of lookup_one() add a version of
lookup_one_unlocked() and lookup_one_positive_unlocked() that take
idmapped mounts into account. This is required to port overlay to
support idmapped base layers.
Cc: <linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org>
Tested-by: Giuseppe Scrivano <gscrivan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 5f41fdaea63ddf96d921ab36b2af4a90ccdb5744 upstream.
Make the test_dummy_encryption mount option require that the encrypt
feature flag be already enabled on the filesystem, rather than
automatically enabling it. Practically, this means that "-O encrypt"
will need to be included in MKFS_OPTIONS when running xfstests with the
test_dummy_encryption mount option. (ext4/053 also needs an update.)
Moreover, as long as the preconditions for test_dummy_encryption are
being tightened anyway, take the opportunity to start rejecting it when
!CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION rather than ignoring it.
The motivation for requiring the encrypt feature flag is that:
- Having the filesystem auto-enable feature flags is problematic, as it
bypasses the usual sanity checks. The specific issue which came up
recently is that in kernel versions where ext4 supports casefold but
not encrypt+casefold (v5.1 through v5.10), the kernel will happily add
the encrypt flag to a filesystem that has the casefold flag, making it
unmountable -- but only for subsequent mounts, not the initial one.
This confused the casefold support detection in xfstests, causing
generic/556 to fail rather than be skipped.
- The xfstests-bld test runners (kvm-xfstests et al.) already use the
required mkfs flag, so they will not be affected by this change. Only
users of test_dummy_encryption alone will be affected. But, this
option has always been for testing only, so it should be fine to
require that the few users of this option update their test scripts.
- f2fs already requires it (for its equivalent feature flag).
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabriel Krisman Bertazi <krisman@collabora.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220519204437.61645-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 0a55cf74ffb5d004b93647e4389096880ce37d6b upstream.
There is a race condition in smb2_compound_op:
after_close:
num_rqst++;
if (cfile) {
cifsFileInfo_put(cfile); // sends SMB2_CLOSE to the server
cfile = NULL;
This is triggered by smb2_query_path_info operation that happens during
revalidate_dentry. In smb2_query_path_info, get_readable_path is called to
load the cfile, increasing the reference counter. If in the meantime, this
reference becomes the very last, this call to cifsFileInfo_put(cfile) will
trigger a SMB2_CLOSE request sent to the server just before sending this compound
request – and so then the compound request fails either with EBADF/EIO depending
on the timing at the server, because the handle is already closed.
In the first scenario, the race seems to be happening between smb2_query_path_info
triggered by the rename operation, and between “cleanup” of asynchronous writes – while
fsync(fd) likely waits for the asynchronous writes to complete, releasing the writeback
structures can happen after the close(fd) call. So the EBADF/EIO errors will pop up if
the timing is such that:
1) There are still outstanding references after close(fd) in the writeback structures
2) smb2_query_path_info successfully fetches the cfile, increasing the refcounter by 1
3) All writeback structures release the same cfile, reducing refcounter to 1
4) smb2_compound_op is called with that cfile
In the second scenario, the race seems to be similar – here open triggers the
smb2_query_path_info operation, and if all other threads in the meantime decrease the
refcounter to 1 similarly to the first scenario, again SMB2_CLOSE will be sent to the
server just before issuing the compound request. This case is harder to reproduce.
See https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15051
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 8de9e86c67ba ("cifs: create a helper to find a writeable handle by path name")
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Hubsch <ohubsch@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ronnie Sahlberg <lsahlber@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paulo Alcantara (SUSE) <pc@cjr.nz>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 376b9133826865568167b4091ef92a68c4622b87 upstream.
outstanding credits must be initialized to 0,
because it means the sum of credits consumed by
in-flight requests.
And outstanding credits must be compared with
total credits in smb2_validate_credit_charge(),
because total credits are the sum of credits
granted by ksmbd.
This patch fix the following error,
while frametest with Windows clients:
Limits exceeding the maximum allowable outstanding requests,
given : 128, pending : 8065
Fixes: b589f5db6d4a ("ksmbd: limits exceeding the maximum allowable outstanding requests")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Yufan Chen <wiz.chen@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Yufan Chen <wiz.chen@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 1689c169134f4b5a39156122d799b7dca76d8ddb upstream.
We always call hold_lkb(lkb) if we increment lkb->lkb_wait_count.
So, we always need to call unhold_lkb(lkb) if we decrement
lkb->lkb_wait_count. This patch will add missing unhold_lkb(lkb) if we
decrement lkb->lkb_wait_count. In case of setting lkb->lkb_wait_count to
zero we need to countdown until reaching zero and call unhold_lkb(lkb).
The waiters list unhold_lkb(lkb) can be removed because it's done for
the last lkb_wait_count decrement iteration as it's done in
_remove_from_waiters().
This issue was discovered by a dlm gfs2 test case which use excessively
dlm_unlock(LKF_CANCEL) feature. Probably the lkb->lkb_wait_count value
never reached above 1 if this feature isn't used and so it was not
discovered before.
The testcase ended in a rsb on the rsb keep data structure with a
refcount of 1 but no lkb was associated with it, which is itself
an invalid behaviour. A side effect of that was a condition in which
the dlm was sending remove messages in a looping behaviour. With this
patch that has not been reproduced.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aahringo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Teigland <teigland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 1f4f10845e14690b02410de50d9ea9684625a4ae upstream.
The "sock" variable is not initialized on this error path.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 2dc6b1158c28 ("fs: dlm: introduce generic listen")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aahringo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Teigland <teigland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3ba733f879c2a88910744647e41edeefbc0d92b2 upstream.
A maliciously corrupted filesystem can contain cycles in the h-tree
stored inside a directory. That can easily lead to the kernel corrupting
tree nodes that were already verified under its hands while doing a node
split and consequently accessing unallocated memory. Fix the problem by
verifying traversed block numbers are unique.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220518093332.13986-2-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 46c116b920ebec58031f0a78c5ea9599b0d2a371 upstream.
Before splitting a directory block verify its directory entries are sane
so that the splitting code does not access memory it should not.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220518093332.13986-1-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit d36f6ed761b53933b0b4126486c10d3da7751e7f upstream.
Hulk Robot reported a BUG_ON:
==================================================================
kernel BUG at fs/ext4/extents_status.c:199!
[...]
RIP: 0010:ext4_es_end fs/ext4/extents_status.c:199 [inline]
RIP: 0010:__es_tree_search+0x1e0/0x260 fs/ext4/extents_status.c:217
[...]
Call Trace:
ext4_es_cache_extent+0x109/0x340 fs/ext4/extents_status.c:766
ext4_cache_extents+0x239/0x2e0 fs/ext4/extents.c:561
ext4_find_extent+0x6b7/0xa20 fs/ext4/extents.c:964
ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x16b/0x4b70 fs/ext4/extents.c:4384
ext4_map_blocks+0xe26/0x19f0 fs/ext4/inode.c:567
ext4_getblk+0x320/0x4c0 fs/ext4/inode.c:980
ext4_bread+0x2d/0x170 fs/ext4/inode.c:1031
ext4_quota_read+0x248/0x320 fs/ext4/super.c:6257
v2_read_header+0x78/0x110 fs/quota/quota_v2.c:63
v2_check_quota_file+0x76/0x230 fs/quota/quota_v2.c:82
vfs_load_quota_inode+0x5d1/0x1530 fs/quota/dquot.c:2368
dquot_enable+0x28a/0x330 fs/quota/dquot.c:2490
ext4_quota_enable fs/ext4/super.c:6137 [inline]
ext4_enable_quotas+0x5d7/0x960 fs/ext4/super.c:6163
ext4_fill_super+0xa7c9/0xdc00 fs/ext4/super.c:4754
mount_bdev+0x2e9/0x3b0 fs/super.c:1158
mount_fs+0x4b/0x1e4 fs/super.c:1261
[...]
==================================================================
Above issue may happen as follows:
-------------------------------------
ext4_fill_super
ext4_enable_quotas
ext4_quota_enable
ext4_iget
__ext4_iget
ext4_ext_check_inode
ext4_ext_check
__ext4_ext_check
ext4_valid_extent_entries
Check for overlapping extents does't take effect
dquot_enable
vfs_load_quota_inode
v2_check_quota_file
v2_read_header
ext4_quota_read
ext4_bread
ext4_getblk
ext4_map_blocks
ext4_ext_map_blocks
ext4_find_extent
ext4_cache_extents
ext4_es_cache_extent
ext4_es_cache_extent
__es_tree_search
ext4_es_end
BUG_ON(es->es_lblk + es->es_len < es->es_lblk)
The error ext4 extents is as follows:
0af3 0300 0400 0000 00000000 extent_header
00000000 0100 0000 12000000 extent1
00000000 0100 0000 18000000 extent2
02000000 0400 0000 14000000 extent3
In the ext4_valid_extent_entries function,
if prev is 0, no error is returned even if lblock<=prev.
This was intended to skip the check on the first extent, but
in the error image above, prev=0+1-1=0 when checking the second extent,
so even though lblock<=prev, the function does not return an error.
As a result, bug_ON occurs in __es_tree_search and the system panics.
To solve this problem, we only need to check that:
1. The lblock of the first extent is not less than 0.
2. The lblock of the next extent is not less than
the next block of the previous extent.
The same applies to extent_idx.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Fixes: 5946d089379a ("ext4: check for overlapping extents in ext4_valid_extent_entries()")
Reported-by: Hulk Robot <hulkci@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220518120816.1541863-1-libaokun1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit c878bea3c9d724ddfa05a813f30de3d25a0ba83f upstream.
The EXT4_FC_REPLAY bit in sbi->s_mount_state is used to indicate that
we are in the middle of replay the fast commit journal. This was
actually a mistake, since the sbi->s_mount_info is initialized from
es->s_state. Arguably s_mount_state is misleadingly named, but the
name is historical --- s_mount_state and s_state dates back to ext2.
What should have been used is the ext4_{set,clear,test}_mount_flag()
inline functions, which sets EXT4_MF_* bits in sbi->s_mount_flags.
The problem with using EXT4_FC_REPLAY is that a maliciously corrupted
superblock could result in EXT4_FC_REPLAY getting set in
s_mount_state. This bypasses some sanity checks, and this can trigger
a BUG() in ext4_es_cache_extent(). As a easy-to-backport-fix, filter
out the EXT4_FC_REPLAY bit for now. We should eventually transition
away from EXT4_FC_REPLAY to something like EXT4_MF_REPLAY.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220420192312.1655305-1-phind.uet@gmail.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220517174028.942119-1-tytso@mit.edu
Reported-by: syzbot+c7358a3cd05ee786eb31@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit d63c00ea435a5352f486c259665a4ced60399421 upstream.
Otherwise nonaligned fstrim calls will works inconveniently for iterative
scanners, for example:
// trim [0,16MB] for group-1, but mark full group as trimmed
fstrim -o $((1024*1024*128)) -l $((1024*1024*16)) ./m
// handle [16MB,16MB] for group-1, do nothing because group already has the flag.
fstrim -o $((1024*1024*144)) -l $((1024*1024*16)) ./m
[ Update function documentation for ext4_trim_all_free -- TYT ]
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmtrmonakhov@yandex-team.ru>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1650214995-860245-1-git-send-email-dmtrmonakhov@yandex-team.ru
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 677a82b44ebf263d4f9a0cfbd576a6ade797a07b upstream.
Yanming reported a kernel bug in Bugzilla kernel [1], which can be
reproduced. The bug message is:
The kernel message is shown below:
kernel BUG at fs/inode.c:611!
Call Trace:
evict+0x282/0x4e0
__dentry_kill+0x2b2/0x4d0
dput+0x2dd/0x720
do_renameat2+0x596/0x970
__x64_sys_rename+0x78/0x90
do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215895
The bug is due to fuzzed inode has both inline_data and encrypted flags.
During f2fs_evict_inode(), as the inode was deleted by rename(), it
will cause inline data conversion due to conflicting flags. The page
cache will be polluted and the panic will be triggered in clear_inode().
Try fixing the bug by doing more sanity checks for inline data inode in
sanity_check_inode().
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Ming Yan <yanming@tju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 958ed92922028ec67f504dcdc72bfdfd0f43936a upstream.
This patch tries to fix permission consistency issue as all other
mainline filesystems.
Since the initial introduction of (posix) fallocate back at the turn of
the century, it has been possible to use this syscall to change the
user-visible contents of files. This can happen by extending the file
size during a preallocation, or through any of the newer modes (punch,
zero, collapse, insert range). Because the call can be used to change
file contents, we should treat it like we do any other modification to a
file -- update the mtime, and drop set[ug]id privileges/capabilities.
The VFS function file_modified() does all this for us if pass it a
locked inode, so let's make fallocate drop permissions correctly.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit b5639bb4313b9d455fc9fc4768d23a5e4ca8cb9d upstream.
Tryng to rename a directory that has all following properties fails with
EINVAL and triggers the 'WARN_ON_ONCE(!fscrypt_has_encryption_key(dir))'
in f2fs_match_ci_name():
- The directory is casefolded
- The directory is encrypted
- The directory's encryption key is not yet set up
- The parent directory is *not* encrypted
The problem is incorrect handling of the lookup of ".." to get the
parent reference to update. fscrypt_setup_filename() treats ".." (and
".") specially, as it's never encrypted. It's passed through as-is, and
setting up the directory's key is not attempted. As the name isn't a
no-key name, f2fs treats it as a "normal" name and attempts a casefolded
comparison. That breaks the assumption of the WARN_ON_ONCE() in
f2fs_match_ci_name() which assumes that for encrypted directories,
casefolded comparisons only happen when the directory's key is set up.
We could just remove this WARN_ON_ONCE(). However, since casefolding is
always a no-op on "." and ".." anyway, let's instead just not casefold
these names. This results in the standard bytewise comparison.
Fixes: 7ad08a58bf67 ("f2fs: Handle casefolding with Encryption")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v5.11+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Gabriel Krisman Bertazi <krisman@collabora.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 6b8beca0edd32075a769bfe4178ca00c0dcd22a9 upstream.
As Yanming reported in bugzilla:
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=215916
The kernel message is shown below:
kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/segment.c:2560!
Call Trace:
allocate_segment_by_default+0x228/0x440
f2fs_allocate_data_block+0x13d1/0x31f0
do_write_page+0x18d/0x710
f2fs_outplace_write_data+0x151/0x250
f2fs_do_write_data_page+0xef9/0x1980
move_data_page+0x6af/0xbc0
do_garbage_collect+0x312f/0x46f0
f2fs_gc+0x6b0/0x3bc0
f2fs_balance_fs+0x921/0x2260
f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x16be/0x2370
f2fs_write_cache_pages+0x428/0xd00
f2fs_write_data_pages+0x96e/0xd50
do_writepages+0x168/0x550
__writeback_single_inode+0x9f/0x870
writeback_sb_inodes+0x47d/0xb20
__writeback_inodes_wb+0xb2/0x200
wb_writeback+0x4bd/0x660
wb_workfn+0x5f3/0xab0
process_one_work+0x79f/0x13e0
worker_thread+0x89/0xf60
kthread+0x26a/0x300
ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
RIP: 0010:new_curseg+0xe8d/0x15f0
The root cause is: ckpt.valid_block_count is inconsistent with SIT table,
stat info indicates filesystem has free blocks, but SIT table indicates
filesystem has no free segment.
So that during garbage colloection, it triggers panic when LFS allocator
fails to find free segment.
This patch tries to fix this issue by checking consistency in between
ckpt.valid_block_count and block accounted from SIT.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Ming Yan <yanming@tju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao.yu@oppo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Damien Le Moal
Zhang Yi
Ding Xiang
Baokun Li
Ye Bin
Pavel Begunkov
Trond Myklebust
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
Jchao Sun
Paulo Alcantara
Shyam Prasad N
Steve French
Xiubo Li
Venky Shankar
Hao Luo
Chao Yu
Dongliang Mu
David Howells
Xin Xiong
Namjae Jeon
Christian Brauner
Eric Biggers
Hyunchul Lee
Junxiao Bi via Ocfs2-devel
Alexander Aring
Dan Carpenter
Jan Kara
Theodore Ts'o
Dmitry Monakhov
Zhihao Cheng
Jaegeuk Kim