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The compiler uses the PIC-relative method to access static variables instead of GOT when the code model is PIC. Therefore, the limitation of the access range from the instruction to the symbol address is +-2GB. Under this circumstance, the kernel cannot load a kernel module if this module has static per-CPU symbols declared by DEFINE_PER_CPU(). The reason is that kernel relocates the .data..percpu section of the kernel module to the end of kernel's .data..percpu. Hence, the distance between the per-CPU symbols and the instruction will exceed the 2GB limits. To solve this problem, the kernel should place the loaded module in the memory area [&_end-2G, VMALLOC_END]. Signed-off-by: Vincent Chen <vincent.chen@sifive.com> Suggested-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Suggested-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org> Tested-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Tested-by: Carlos de Paula <me@carlosedp.com> Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.