zint/backend/composite.c

/* composite.c - Handles GS1 Composite Symbols */

/*
    libzint - the open source barcode library
    Copyright (C) 2008-2016 Robin Stuart <rstuart114@gmail.com>

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
       without specific prior written permission.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
    SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/* The functions "getBit", "init928" and "encode928" are copyright BSI and are
   released with permission under the following terms:

   "Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the
   UK, of the international standardisation bodies. Except as
   permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be
   reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
   means - electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise - without prior written
   permission from BSI.

   "This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard,
   of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
   details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
   written permission of BSI must be obtained."

   The date of publication for these functions is 31 May 2006
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <malloc.h>
#endif
#include "common.h"
#include "large.h"
#include "composite.h"
#include "pdf417.h"
#include "gs1.h"

#define UINT unsigned short

extern int general_rules(char field[], char type[]);
extern int eanx(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length);
extern int ean_128(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length);
extern int rss14(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length);
extern int rsslimited(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length);
extern int rssexpanded(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length);

static UINT pwr928[69][7];

int _min(int first, int second) {

    if (first <= second)
        return first;
    else
        return second;
}

/* gets bit in bitString at bitPos */
int getBit(UINT *bitStr, int bitPos) {
    return !!(bitStr[bitPos >> 4] & (0x8000 >> (bitPos & 15)));
}

/* initialize pwr928 encoding table */
void init928(void) {
    int i, j, v;
    int cw[7];
    cw[6] = 1L;
    for (i = 5; i >= 0; i--)
        cw[i] = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
        pwr928[0][i] = cw[i];
    for (j = 1; j < 69; j++) {
        for (v = 0, i = 6; i >= 1; i--) {
            v = (2 * cw[i]) + (v / 928);
            pwr928[j][i] = cw[i] = v % 928;
        }
        pwr928[j][0] = cw[0] = (2 * cw[0]) + (v / 928);
    }
    return;
}

/* converts bit string to base 928 values, codeWords[0] is highest order */
int encode928(UINT bitString[], UINT codeWords[], int bitLng) {
    int i, j, b, bitCnt, cwNdx, cwCnt, cwLng;
    for (cwNdx = cwLng = b = 0; b < bitLng; b += 69, cwNdx += 7) {
        bitCnt = _min(bitLng - b, 69);
        cwLng += cwCnt = bitCnt / 10 + 1;
        for (i = 0; i < cwCnt; i++)
            codeWords[cwNdx + i] = 0; /* init 0 */
        for (i = 0; i < bitCnt; i++) {
            if (getBit(bitString, b + bitCnt - i - 1)) {
                for (j = 0; j < cwCnt; j++)
                    codeWords[cwNdx + j] += pwr928[i][j + 7 - cwCnt];
            }
        }
        for (i = cwCnt - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            /* add "carries" */
            codeWords[cwNdx + i - 1] += codeWords[cwNdx + i] / 928L;
            codeWords[cwNdx + i] %= 928L;
        }
    }
    return (cwLng);
}

/* CC-A 2D component */
int cc_a(struct zint_symbol *symbol, char source[], int cc_width) {
    int i, strpos, segment, bitlen, cwCnt, variant, rows;
    int k, offset, j, total, rsCodeWords[8];
    int LeftRAPStart, RightRAPStart, CentreRAPStart, StartCluster;
    int LeftRAP, RightRAP, CentreRAP, Cluster, dummy[5];
    int writer, flip, loop;
    UINT codeWords[28];
    UINT bitStr[13];
    char codebarre[100], pattern[580];
    char local_source[210]; /* A copy of source but with padding zeroes to make 208 bits */

    variant = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 13; i++) {
        bitStr[i] = 0;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
        codeWords[i] = 0;
    }

    bitlen = strlen(source);

    for (i = 0; i < 208; i++) {
        local_source[i] = '0';
    }
    for (i = 0; i < bitlen; i++) {
        local_source[i] = source[i];
    }
    local_source[208] = '\0';

    for (segment = 0; segment < 13; segment++) {
        strpos = segment * 16;
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
            if (local_source[strpos + i] == '1') {
                bitStr[segment] += (0x8000 >> i);
            }
        }
    }

    init928();
    /* encode codeWords from bitStr */
    cwCnt = encode928(bitStr, codeWords, bitlen);

    switch (cc_width) {
        case 2:
            switch (cwCnt) {
                case 6: variant = 0;
                    break;
                case 8: variant = 1;
                    break;
                case 9: variant = 2;
                    break;
                case 11: variant = 3;
                    break;
                case 12: variant = 4;
                    break;
                case 14: variant = 5;
                    break;
                case 17: variant = 6;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            switch (cwCnt) {
                case 8: variant = 7;
                    break;
                case 10: variant = 8;
                    break;
                case 12: variant = 9;
                    break;
                case 14: variant = 10;
                    break;
                case 17: variant = 11;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            switch (cwCnt) {
                case 8: variant = 12;
                    break;
                case 11: variant = 13;
                    break;
                case 14: variant = 14;
                    break;
                case 17: variant = 15;
                    break;
                case 20: variant = 16;
                    break;
            }
            break;
    }

    rows = ccaVariants[variant];
    k = ccaVariants[17 + variant];
    offset = ccaVariants[34 + variant];

    /* Reed-Solomon error correction */

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        rsCodeWords[i] = 0;
    }
    total = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < cwCnt; i++) {
        total = (codeWords[i] + rsCodeWords[k - 1]) % 929;
        for (j = k - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
            if (j == 0) {
                rsCodeWords[j] = (929 - (total * ccaCoeffs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            } else {
                rsCodeWords[j] = (rsCodeWords[j - 1] + 929 - (total * ccaCoeffs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            }
        }
    }

    for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
        if (rsCodeWords[j] != 0) {
            rsCodeWords[j] = 929 - rsCodeWords[j];
        }
    }

    for (i = k - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        codeWords[cwCnt] = rsCodeWords[i];
        cwCnt++;
    }

    /* Place data into table */
    LeftRAPStart = aRAPTable[variant];
    CentreRAPStart = aRAPTable[variant + 17];
    RightRAPStart = aRAPTable[variant + 34];
    StartCluster = aRAPTable[variant + 51] / 3;

    LeftRAP = LeftRAPStart;
    CentreRAP = CentreRAPStart;
    RightRAP = RightRAPStart;
    Cluster = StartCluster; /* Cluster can be 0, 1 or 2 for Cluster(0), Cluster(3) and Cluster(6) */

    for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
        strcpy(codebarre, "");
        offset = 929 * Cluster;
        for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
            dummy[j] = 0;
        }
        for (j = 0; j < cc_width; j++) {
            dummy[j + 1] = codeWords[i * cc_width + j];
        }
        /* Copy the data into codebarre */
        concat(codebarre, RAPLR[LeftRAP]);
        concat(codebarre, "1");
        concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[1]]);
        concat(codebarre, "1");
        if (cc_width == 3) {
            concat(codebarre, RAPC[CentreRAP]);
        }
        if (cc_width >= 2) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[2]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        if (cc_width == 4) {
            concat(codebarre, RAPC[CentreRAP]);
        }
        if (cc_width >= 3) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[3]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        if (cc_width == 4) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[4]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        concat(codebarre, RAPLR[RightRAP]);
        concat(codebarre, "1"); /* stop */

        /* Now codebarre is a mixture of letters and numbers */

        writer = 0;
        flip = 1;
        strcpy(pattern, "");
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(codebarre); loop++) {
            if ((codebarre[loop] >= '0') && (codebarre[loop] <= '9')) {
                for (k = 0; k < ctoi(codebarre[loop]); k++) {
                    if (flip == 0) {
                        pattern[writer] = '0';
                    } else {
                        pattern[writer] = '1';
                    }
                    writer++;
                }
                pattern[writer] = '\0';
                if (flip == 0) {
                    flip = 1;
                } else {
                    flip = 0;
                }
            } else {
                lookup(BRSET, PDFttf, codebarre[loop], pattern);
                writer += 5;
            }
        }
        symbol->width = writer;

        /* so now pattern[] holds the string of '1's and '0's. - copy this to the symbol */
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(pattern); loop++) {
            if (pattern[loop] == '1') {
                set_module(symbol, i, loop);
            }
        }
        symbol->row_height[i] = 2;
        symbol->rows++;

        /* Set up RAPs and Cluster for next row */
        LeftRAP++;
        CentreRAP++;
        RightRAP++;
        Cluster++;

        if (LeftRAP == 53) {
            LeftRAP = 1;
        }
        if (CentreRAP == 53) {
            CentreRAP = 1;
        }
        if (RightRAP == 53) {
            RightRAP = 1;
        }
        if (Cluster == 3) {
            Cluster = 0;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

/* CC-B 2D component */
int cc_b(struct zint_symbol *symbol, char source[], int cc_width) {
    int length, i, binloc;
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char data_string[(strlen(source) / 8) + 3];
#else
    unsigned char* data_string = (unsigned char*) _alloca((strlen(source) / 8) + 3);
#endif
    int chainemc[180], mclength;
    int k, j, p, longueur, mccorrection[50], offset;
    int total, dummy[5];
    char codebarre[100], pattern[580];
    int variant, LeftRAPStart, CentreRAPStart, RightRAPStart, StartCluster;
    int LeftRAP, CentreRAP, RightRAP, Cluster, writer, flip, loop;

    length = strlen(source) / 8;

    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        binloc = i * 8;

        data_string[i] = 0;
        for (p = 0; p < 8; p++) {
            if (source[binloc + p] == '1') {
                data_string[i] += (0x80 >> p);
            }
        }
    }


    mclength = 0;

    /* "the CC-B component shall have codeword 920 in the first symbol character position" (section 9a) */
    chainemc[mclength] = 920;
    mclength++;

    byteprocess(chainemc, &mclength, data_string, 0, length, 0);

    /* Now figure out which variant of the symbol to use and load values accordingly */

    variant = 0;

    if (cc_width == 2) {
        variant = 13;
        if (mclength <= 33) {
            variant = 12;
        }
        if (mclength <= 29) {
            variant = 11;
        }
        if (mclength <= 24) {
            variant = 10;
        }
        if (mclength <= 19) {
            variant = 9;
        }
        if (mclength <= 13) {
            variant = 8;
        }
        if (mclength <= 8) {
            variant = 7;
        }
    }

    if (cc_width == 3) {
        variant = 23;
        if (mclength <= 70) {
            variant = 22;
        }
        if (mclength <= 58) {
            variant = 21;
        }
        if (mclength <= 46) {
            variant = 20;
        }
        if (mclength <= 34) {
            variant = 19;
        }
        if (mclength <= 24) {
            variant = 18;
        }
        if (mclength <= 18) {
            variant = 17;
        }
        if (mclength <= 14) {
            variant = 16;
        }
        if (mclength <= 10) {
            variant = 15;
        }
        if (mclength <= 6) {
            variant = 14;
        }
    }

    if (cc_width == 4) {
        variant = 34;
        if (mclength <= 108) {
            variant = 33;
        }
        if (mclength <= 90) {
            variant = 32;
        }
        if (mclength <= 72) {
            variant = 31;
        }
        if (mclength <= 54) {
            variant = 30;
        }
        if (mclength <= 39) {
            variant = 29;
        }
        if (mclength <= 30) {
            variant = 28;
        }
        if (mclength <= 24) {
            variant = 27;
        }
        if (mclength <= 18) {
            variant = 26;
        }
        if (mclength <= 12) {
            variant = 25;
        }
        if (mclength <= 8) {
            variant = 24;
        }
    }

    /* Now we have the variant we can load the data - from here on the same as MicroPDF417 code */
    variant--;
    symbol->option_2 = MicroVariants[variant]; /* columns */
    symbol->rows = MicroVariants[variant + 34]; /* rows */
    k = MicroVariants[variant + 68]; /* number of EC CWs */
    longueur = (symbol->option_2 * symbol->rows) - k; /* number of non-EC CWs */
    i = longueur - mclength; /* amount of padding required */
    offset = MicroVariants[variant + 102]; /* coefficient offset */

    /* We add the padding */
    while (i > 0) {
        chainemc[mclength] = 900;
        mclength++;
        i--;
    }

    /* Reed-Solomon error correction */
    longueur = mclength;
    for (loop = 0; loop < 50; loop++) {
        mccorrection[loop] = 0;
    }
    total = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < longueur; i++) {
        total = (chainemc[i] + mccorrection[k - 1]) % 929;
        for (j = k - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
            if (j == 0) {
                mccorrection[j] = (929 - (total * Microcoeffs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            } else {
                mccorrection[j] = (mccorrection[j - 1] + 929 - (total * Microcoeffs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            }
        }
    }

    for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
        if (mccorrection[j] != 0) {
            mccorrection[j] = 929 - mccorrection[j];
        }
    }
    /* we add these codes to the string */
    for (i = k - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        chainemc[mclength] = mccorrection[i];
        mclength++;
    }

    /* Now get the RAP (Row Address Pattern) start values */
    LeftRAPStart = RAPTable[variant];
    CentreRAPStart = RAPTable[variant + 34];
    RightRAPStart = RAPTable[variant + 68];
    StartCluster = RAPTable[variant + 102] / 3;

    /* That's all values loaded, get on with the encoding */

    LeftRAP = LeftRAPStart;
    CentreRAP = CentreRAPStart;
    RightRAP = RightRAPStart;
    Cluster = StartCluster;
    /* Cluster can be 0, 1 or 2 for Cluster(0), Cluster(3) and Cluster(6) */

    for (i = 0; i < symbol->rows; i++) {
        strcpy(codebarre, "");
        offset = 929 * Cluster;
        for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
            dummy[j] = 0;
        }
        for (j = 0; j < symbol->option_2; j++) {
            dummy[j + 1] = chainemc[i * symbol->option_2 + j];
        }
        /* Copy the data into codebarre */
        concat(codebarre, RAPLR[LeftRAP]);
        concat(codebarre, "1");
        concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[1]]);
        concat(codebarre, "1");
        if (cc_width == 3) {
            concat(codebarre, RAPC[CentreRAP]);
        }
        if (cc_width >= 2) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[2]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        if (cc_width == 4) {
            concat(codebarre, RAPC[CentreRAP]);
        }
        if (cc_width >= 3) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[3]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        if (cc_width == 4) {
            concat(codebarre, "1");
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[4]]);
            concat(codebarre, "1");
        }
        concat(codebarre, RAPLR[RightRAP]);
        concat(codebarre, "1"); /* stop */

        /* Now codebarre is a mixture of letters and numbers */

        writer = 0;
        flip = 1;
        strcpy(pattern, "");
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(codebarre); loop++) {
            if ((codebarre[loop] >= '0') && (codebarre[loop] <= '9')) {
                for (k = 0; k < ctoi(codebarre[loop]); k++) {
                    if (flip == 0) {
                        pattern[writer] = '0';
                    } else {
                        pattern[writer] = '1';
                    }
                    writer++;
                }
                pattern[writer] = '\0';
                if (flip == 0) {
                    flip = 1;
                } else {
                    flip = 0;
                }
            } else {
                lookup(BRSET, PDFttf, codebarre[loop], pattern);
                writer += 5;
            }
        }
        symbol->width = writer;

        /* so now pattern[] holds the string of '1's and '0's. - copy this to the symbol */
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(pattern); loop++) {
            if (pattern[loop] == '1') {
                set_module(symbol, i, loop);
            }
        }
        symbol->row_height[i] = 2;

        /* Set up RAPs and Cluster for next row */
        LeftRAP++;
        CentreRAP++;
        RightRAP++;
        Cluster++;

        if (LeftRAP == 53) {
            LeftRAP = 1;
        }
        if (CentreRAP == 53) {
            CentreRAP = 1;
        }
        if (RightRAP == 53) {
            RightRAP = 1;
        }
        if (Cluster == 3) {
            Cluster = 0;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

/* CC-C 2D component - byte compressed PDF417 */
int cc_c(struct zint_symbol *symbol, char source[], int cc_width, int ecc_level) {
    int length, i, p, binloc;
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char data_string[(strlen(source) / 8) + 4];
#else
    unsigned char* data_string = (unsigned char*) _alloca((strlen(source) / 8) + 4);
#endif
    int chainemc[1000], mclength, k;
    int offset, longueur, loop, total, j, mccorrection[520];
    int c1, c2, c3, dummy[35];
    char codebarre[100], pattern[580];

    length = strlen(source) / 8;

    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        binloc = i * 8;

        data_string[i] = 0;
        for (p = 0; p < 8; p++) {
            if (source[binloc + p] == '1') {
                data_string[i] += (0x80 >> p);
            }
        }
    }

    mclength = 0;

    chainemc[mclength] = 0; /* space for length descriptor */
    mclength++;
    chainemc[mclength] = 920; /* CC-C identifier */
    mclength++;

    byteprocess(chainemc, &mclength, data_string, 0, length, 0);

    chainemc[0] = mclength;

    k = 1;
    for (i = 1; i <= (ecc_level + 1); i++) {
        k *= 2;
    }

    /* 796 - we now take care of the Reed Solomon codes */
    switch (ecc_level) {
        case 1: offset = 2;
            break;
        case 2: offset = 6;
            break;
        case 3: offset = 14;
            break;
        case 4: offset = 30;
            break;
        case 5: offset = 62;
            break;
        case 6: offset = 126;
            break;
        case 7: offset = 254;
            break;
        case 8: offset = 510;
            break;
        default: offset = 0;
            break;
    }

    longueur = mclength;
    for (loop = 0; loop < 520; loop++) {
        mccorrection[loop] = 0;
    }
    total = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < longueur; i++) {
        total = (chainemc[i] + mccorrection[k - 1]) % 929;
        for (j = k - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
            if (j == 0) {
                mccorrection[j] = (929 - (total * coefrs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            } else {
                mccorrection[j] = (mccorrection[j - 1] + 929 - (total * coefrs[offset + j]) % 929) % 929;
            }
        }
    }

    for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
        if (mccorrection[j] != 0) {
            mccorrection[j] = 929 - mccorrection[j];
        }
    }
    /* we add these codes to the string */
    for (i = k - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        chainemc[mclength] = mccorrection[i];
        mclength++;
    }

    /* 818 - The CW string is finished */
    c1 = (mclength / cc_width - 1) / 3;
    c2 = ecc_level * 3 + (mclength / cc_width - 1) % 3;
    c3 = cc_width - 1;

    /* we now encode each row */
    for (i = 0; i <= (mclength / cc_width) - 1; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < cc_width; j++) {
            dummy[j + 1] = chainemc[i * cc_width + j];
        }
        k = (i / 3) * 30;
        switch (i % 3) {
            case 0:
                dummy[0] = k + c1;
                dummy[cc_width + 1] = k + c3;
                break;
            case 1:
                dummy[0] = k + c2;
                dummy[cc_width + 1] = k + c1;
                break;
            case 2:
                dummy[0] = k + c3;
                dummy[cc_width + 1] = k + c2;
                break;
        }
        strcpy(codebarre, "+*"); /* Start with a start char and a separator */

        for (j = 0; j <= cc_width + 1; j++) {
            switch (i % 3) {
                case 1: offset = 929; /* cluster(3) */
                    break;
                case 2: offset = 1858; /* cluster(6) */
                    break;
                default: offset = 0; /* cluster(0) */
                    break;
            }
            concat(codebarre, codagemc[offset + dummy[j]]);
            concat(codebarre, "*");
        }
        concat(codebarre, "-");

        strcpy(pattern, "");
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(codebarre); loop++) {
            lookup(BRSET, PDFttf, codebarre[loop], pattern);
        }
        for (loop = 0; loop < (int) strlen(pattern); loop++) {
            if (pattern[loop] == '1') {
                set_module(symbol, i, loop);
            }
        }
        symbol->row_height[i] = 3;
    }
    symbol->rows = (mclength / cc_width);
    symbol->width = strlen(pattern);

    return 0;
}

int cc_binary_string(struct zint_symbol *symbol, const char source[], char binary_string[], int cc_mode, int *cc_width, int *ecc, int lin_width) { /* Handles all data encodation from section 5 of ISO/IEC 24723 */
    int encoding_method, read_posn, d1, d2, value, alpha_pad;
    int i, j, mask, ai_crop, fnc1_latch;
    long int group_val;
    int ai90_mode, latch, remainder, binary_length;
    char date_str[4];
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    char general_field[strlen(source) + 1], general_field_type[strlen(source) + 1];
#else
    char* general_field = (char*) _alloca(strlen(source) + 1);
    char* general_field_type = (char*) _alloca(strlen(source) + 1);
#endif
    int target_bitsize;

    encoding_method = 1;
    read_posn = 0;
    ai_crop = 0;
    fnc1_latch = 0;
    alpha_pad = 0;
    ai90_mode = 0;
    *ecc = 0;
    value = 0;
    target_bitsize = 0;

    if ((source[0] == '1') && ((source[1] == '0') || (source[1] == '1') || (source[1] == '7')) && (strlen(source) > 8)) {
        /* Source starts (10), (11) or (17) */
        encoding_method = 2;
    }

    if ((source[0] == '9') && (source[1] == '0')) {
        /* Source starts (90) */
        encoding_method = 3;
    }

    if (encoding_method == 1) {
        concat(binary_string, "0");
    }

    if (encoding_method == 2) {
        /* Encoding Method field "10" - date and lot number */

        concat(binary_string, "10");

        if (source[1] == '0') {
            /* No date data */
            concat(binary_string, "11");
            read_posn = 2;
        } else {
            /* Production Date (11) or Expiration Date (17) */
            date_str[0] = source[2];
            date_str[1] = source[3];
            date_str[2] = '\0';
            group_val = atoi(date_str) * 384;

            date_str[0] = source[4];
            date_str[1] = source[5];
            group_val += (atoi(date_str) - 1) * 32;

            date_str[0] = source[6];
            date_str[1] = source[7];
            group_val += atoi(date_str);

            mask = 0x8000;
            for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
                if ((group_val & mask) == 0x00) {
                    concat(binary_string, "0");
                } else {
                    concat(binary_string, "1");
                }
                mask = mask >> 1;
            }

            if (source[1] == '1') {
                /* Production Date AI 11 */
                concat(binary_string, "0");
            } else {
                /* Expiration Date AI 17 */
                concat(binary_string, "1");
            }
            read_posn = 8;
        }

        if ((source[read_posn] == '1') && (source[read_posn + 1] == '0')) {
            /* Followed by AI 10 - strip this from general field */
            read_posn += 2;
        } else {
            /* An FNC1 character needs to be inserted in the general field */
            fnc1_latch = 1;
        }
    }

    if (encoding_method == 3) {
        /* Encodation Method field of "11" - AI 90 */
#ifndef _MSC_VER
        char ninety[strlen(source) + 1];
#else
        char* ninety = (char*) _alloca(strlen(source) + 1);
#endif
        char numeric_part[4];
        int alpha, alphanum, numeric, test1, test2, test3, next_ai_posn;
        int numeric_value, table3_letter, mask;

        /* "This encodation method may be used if an element string with an AI
        90 occurs at the start of the data message, and if the data field
        following the two-digit AI 90 starts with an alphanumeric string which
        complies with a specific format." (para 5.2.2) */

        i = 0;
        do {
            ninety[i] = source[i + 2];
            i++;
        } while ((strlen(source) > i + 2) && ('[' != source[i + 2]));
        ninety[i] = '\0';

        /* Find out if the AI 90 data is alphabetic or numeric or both */

        alpha = 0;
        alphanum = 0;
        numeric = 0;

        for (i = 0; i < (int) strlen(ninety); i++) {

            if ((ninety[i] >= 'A') && (ninety[i] <= 'Z')) {
                /* Character is alphabetic */
                alpha += 1;
            }

            if ((ninety[i] >= '0') && (ninety[i] <= '9')) {
                /* Character is numeric */
                numeric += 1;
            }

            switch (ninety[i]) {
                case '*':
                case ',':
                case '-':
                case '.':
                case '/': alphanum += 1;
                    break;
            }

            if (!(((ninety[i] >= '0') && (ninety[i] <= '9')) || ((ninety[i] >= 'A') && (ninety[i] <= 'Z')))) {
                if ((ninety[i] != '*') && (ninety[i] != ',') && (ninety[i] != '-') && (ninety[i] != '.') && (ninety[i] != '/')) {
                    /* An Invalid AI 90 character */
                    strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Invalid AI 90 data");
                    return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_DATA;
                }
            }
        }

        /* must start with 0, 1, 2 or 3 digits followed by an uppercase character */
        test1 = -1;
        for (i = 3; i >= 0; i--) {
            if ((ninety[i] >= 'A') && (ninety[i] <= 'Z')) {
                test1 = i;
            }
        }

        test2 = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < test1; i++) {
            if (!((ninety[i] >= '0') && (ninety[i] <= '9'))) {
                test2 = 1;
            }
        }

        /* leading zeros are not permitted */
        test3 = 0;
        if ((test1 >= 1) && (ninety[0] == '0')) {
            test3 = 1;
        }

        if ((test1 != -1) && (test2 != 1) && (test3 == 0)) {
            /* Encodation method "11" can be used */
            concat(binary_string, "11");

            numeric -= test1;
            alpha--;

            /* Decide on numeric, alpha or alphanumeric mode */
            /* Alpha mode is a special mode for AI 90 */

            if (alphanum > 0) {
                /* Alphanumeric mode */
                concat(binary_string, "0");
                ai90_mode = 1;
            } else {
                if (alpha > numeric) {
                    /* Alphabetic mode */
                    concat(binary_string, "11");
                    ai90_mode = 2;
                } else {
                    /* Numeric mode */
                    concat(binary_string, "10");
                    ai90_mode = 3;
                }
            }

            next_ai_posn = 2 + strlen(ninety);

            if (source[next_ai_posn] == '[') {
                /* There are more AIs afterwords */
                if ((source[next_ai_posn + 1] == '2') && (source[next_ai_posn + 2] == '1')) {
                    /* AI 21 follows */
                    ai_crop = 1;
                }

                if ((source[next_ai_posn + 1] == '8') && (source[next_ai_posn + 2] == '0') && (source[next_ai_posn + 3] == '0') && (source[next_ai_posn + 4] == '4')) {
                    /* AI 8004 follows */
                    ai_crop = 2;
                }
            }

            switch (ai_crop) {
                case 0: concat(binary_string, "0");
                    break;
                case 1: concat(binary_string, "10");
                    break;
                case 2: concat(binary_string, "11");
                    break;
            }

            if (test1 == 0) {
                strcpy(numeric_part, "0");
            } else {
                for (i = 0; i < test1; i++) {
                    numeric_part[i] = ninety[i];
                }
                numeric_part[i] = '\0';
            }

            numeric_value = atoi(numeric_part);

            table3_letter = -1;
            if (numeric_value < 31) {
                switch (ninety[test1]) {
                    case 'B': table3_letter = 0;
                        break;
                    case 'D': table3_letter = 1;
                        break;
                    case 'H': table3_letter = 2;
                        break;
                    case 'I': table3_letter = 3;
                        break;
                    case 'J': table3_letter = 4;
                        break;
                    case 'K': table3_letter = 5;
                        break;
                    case 'L': table3_letter = 6;
                        break;
                    case 'N': table3_letter = 7;
                        break;
                    case 'P': table3_letter = 8;
                        break;
                    case 'Q': table3_letter = 9;
                        break;
                    case 'R': table3_letter = 10;
                        break;
                    case 'S': table3_letter = 11;
                        break;
                    case 'T': table3_letter = 12;
                        break;
                    case 'V': table3_letter = 13;
                        break;
                    case 'W': table3_letter = 14;
                        break;
                    case 'Z': table3_letter = 15;
                        break;
                }
            }

            if (table3_letter != -1) {
                /* Encoding can be done according to 5.2.2 c) 2) */
                /* five bit binary string representing value before letter */
                mask = 0x10;
                for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                    if ((numeric_value & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }

                /* followed by four bit representation of letter from Table 3 */
                mask = 0x08;
                for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                    if ((table3_letter & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            } else {
                /* Encoding is done according to 5.2.2 c) 3) */
                concat(binary_string, "11111");
                /* ten bit representation of number */
                mask = 0x200;
                for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
                    if ((numeric_value & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }

                /* five bit representation of ASCII character */
                mask = 0x10;
                for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                    if (((ninety[test1] - 65) & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            }

            read_posn = test1 + 3;
        } else {
            /* Use general field encodation instead */
            concat(binary_string, "0");
            read_posn = 0;
        }
    }

    /* Now encode the rest of the AI 90 data field */
    if (ai90_mode == 2) {
        /* Alpha encodation (section 5.2.3) */
        do {
            if ((source[read_posn] >= '0') && (source[read_posn] <= '9')) {
                mask = 0x10;
                for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                    if (((source[read_posn] + 4) & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            }

            if ((source[read_posn] >= 'A') && (source[read_posn] <= 'Z')) {
                mask = 0x20;
                for (j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
                    if (((source[read_posn] - 65) & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            }

            if (source[read_posn] == '[') {
                concat(binary_string, "11111");
            }

            read_posn++;
        } while ((source[read_posn - 1] != '[') && (source[read_posn - 1] != '\0'));
        alpha_pad = 1; /* This is overwritten if a general field is encoded */
    }

    if (ai90_mode == 1) {
        /* Alphanumeric mode */
        do {
            if ((source[read_posn] >= '0') && (source[read_posn] <= '9')) {
                mask = 0x10;
                for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                    if (((source[read_posn] - 43) & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            }

            if ((source[read_posn] >= 'A') && (source[read_posn] <= 'Z')) {
                mask = 0x20;
                for (j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
                    if (((source[read_posn] - 33) & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }
            }

            switch (source[read_posn]) {
                case '[': concat(binary_string, "01111");
                    break;
                case '*': concat(binary_string, "111010");
                    break;
                case ',': concat(binary_string, "111011");
                    break;
                case '-': concat(binary_string, "111100");
                    break;
                case '.': concat(binary_string, "111101");
                    break;
                case '/': concat(binary_string, "111110");
                    break;
            }

            read_posn++;
        } while ((source[read_posn - 1] != '[') && (source[read_posn - 1] != '\0'));
    }

    read_posn += (2 * ai_crop);

    /* The compressed data field has been processed if appropriate - the
    rest of the data (if any) goes into a general-purpose data compaction field */

    j = 0;
    if (fnc1_latch == 1) {
        /* Encodation method "10" has been used but it is not followed by
           AI 10, so a FNC1 character needs to be added */
        general_field[j] = '[';
        j++;
    }

    for (i = read_posn; i < (int) strlen(source); i++) {
        general_field[j] = source[i];
        j++;
    }
    general_field[j] = '\0';

    if (strlen(general_field) != 0) {
        alpha_pad = 0;
    }

    latch = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < (int) strlen(general_field); i++) {
        /* Table 13 - ISO/IEC 646 encodation */
        if ((general_field[i] < ' ') || (general_field[i] > 'z')) {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        } else {
            general_field_type[i] = ISOIEC;
        }

        if (general_field[i] == '#') {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '$') {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '@') {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == 92) {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '^') {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == 96) {
            general_field_type[i] = INVALID_CHAR;
            latch = 1;
        }

        /* Table 12 - Alphanumeric encodation */
        if ((general_field[i] >= 'A') && (general_field[i] <= 'Z')) {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '*') {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == ',') {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '-') {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '.') {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '/') {
            general_field_type[i] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }

        /* Numeric encodation */
        if ((general_field[i] >= '0') && (general_field[i] <= '9')) {
            general_field_type[i] = ANY_ENC;
        }
        if (general_field[i] == '[') {
            /* FNC1 can be encoded in any system */
            general_field_type[i] = ANY_ENC;
        }

    }

    general_field_type[strlen(general_field)] = '\0';

    if (latch == 1) {
        /* Invalid characters in input data */
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Invalid characters in input data");
        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_DATA;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < (int) strlen(general_field); i++) {
        if ((general_field_type[i] == ISOIEC) && (general_field[i + 1] == '[')) {
            general_field_type[i + 1] = ISOIEC;
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < (int) strlen(general_field); i++) {
        if ((general_field_type[i] == ALPHA_OR_ISO) && (general_field[i + 1] == '[')) {
            general_field_type[i + 1] = ALPHA_OR_ISO;
        }
    }

    latch = general_rules(general_field, general_field_type);

    i = 0;
    do {
        switch (general_field_type[i]) {
            case NUMERIC:

                if (i != 0) {
                    if ((general_field_type[i - 1] != NUMERIC) && (general_field[i - 1] != '[')) {
                        concat(binary_string, "000"); /* Numeric latch */
                    }
                }

                if (general_field[i] != '[') {
                    d1 = ctoi(general_field[i]);
                } else {
                    d1 = 10;
                }

                if (general_field[i + 1] != '[') {
                    d2 = ctoi(general_field[i + 1]);
                } else {
                    d2 = 10;
                }

                value = (11 * d1) + d2 + 8;

                mask = 0x40;
                for (j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
                    if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0");
                    } else {
                        concat(binary_string, "1");
                    }
                    mask = mask >> 1;
                }

                i += 2;
                break;

            case ALPHA:

                if (i != 0) {
                    if ((general_field_type[i - 1] == NUMERIC) || (general_field[i - 1] == '[')) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0000"); /* Alphanumeric latch */
                    }
                    if (general_field_type[i - 1] == ISOIEC) {
                        concat(binary_string, "00100"); /* ISO/IEC 646 latch */
                    }
                }

                if ((general_field[i] >= '0') && (general_field[i] <= '9')) {

                    value = general_field[i] - 43;

                    mask = 0x10;
                    for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                        if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                            concat(binary_string, "0");
                        } else {
                            concat(binary_string, "1");
                        }
                        mask = mask >> 1;
                    }
                }

                if ((general_field[i] >= 'A') && (general_field[i] <= 'Z')) {

                    value = general_field[i] - 33;

                    mask = 0x20;
                    for (j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
                        if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                            concat(binary_string, "0");
                        } else {
                            concat(binary_string, "1");
                        }
                        mask = mask >> 1;
                    }
                }

                if (general_field[i] == '[') concat(binary_string, "01111"); /* FNC1/Numeric latch */
                if (general_field[i] == '*') concat(binary_string, "111010"); /* asterisk */
                if (general_field[i] == ',') concat(binary_string, "111011"); /* comma */
                if (general_field[i] == '-') concat(binary_string, "111100"); /* minus or hyphen */
                if (general_field[i] == '.') concat(binary_string, "111101"); /* period or full stop */
                if (general_field[i] == '/') concat(binary_string, "111110"); /* slash or solidus */

                i++;
                break;

            case ISOIEC:

                if (i != 0) {
                    if ((general_field_type[i - 1] == NUMERIC) || (general_field[i - 1] == '[')) {
                        concat(binary_string, "0000"); /* Alphanumeric latch */
                        concat(binary_string, "00100"); /* ISO/IEC 646 latch */
                    }
                    if (general_field_type[i - 1] == ALPHA) {
                        concat(binary_string, "00100"); /* ISO/IEC 646 latch */
                    }
                }

                if ((general_field[i] >= '0') && (general_field[i] <= '9')) {

                    value = general_field[i] - 43;

                    mask = 0x10;
                    for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                        if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                            concat(binary_string, "0");
                        } else {
                            concat(binary_string, "1");
                        }
                        mask = mask >> 1;
                    }
                }

                if ((general_field[i] >= 'A') && (general_field[i] <= 'Z')) {

                    value = general_field[i] - 1;

                    mask = 0x40;
                    for (j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
                        if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                            concat(binary_string, "0");
                        } else {
                            concat(binary_string, "1");
                        }
                        mask = mask >> 1;
                    }
                }

                if ((general_field[i] >= 'a') && (general_field[i] <= 'z')) {

                    value = general_field[i] - 7;

                    mask = 0x40;
                    for (j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
                        if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                            concat(binary_string, "0");
                        } else {
                            concat(binary_string, "1");
                        }
                        mask = mask >> 1;
                    }
                }

                if (general_field[i] == '[') concat(binary_string, "01111"); /* FNC1/Numeric latch */
                if (general_field[i] == '!') concat(binary_string, "11101000"); /* exclamation mark */
                if (general_field[i] == 34) concat(binary_string, "11101001"); /* quotation mark */
                if (general_field[i] == 37) concat(binary_string, "11101010"); /* percent sign */
                if (general_field[i] == '&') concat(binary_string, "11101011"); /* ampersand */
                if (general_field[i] == 39) concat(binary_string, "11101100"); /* apostrophe */
                if (general_field[i] == '(') concat(binary_string, "11101101"); /* left parenthesis */
                if (general_field[i] == ')') concat(binary_string, "11101110"); /* right parenthesis */
                if (general_field[i] == '*') concat(binary_string, "11101111"); /* asterisk */
                if (general_field[i] == '+') concat(binary_string, "11110000"); /* plus sign */
                if (general_field[i] == ',') concat(binary_string, "11110001"); /* comma */
                if (general_field[i] == '-') concat(binary_string, "11110010"); /* minus or hyphen */
                if (general_field[i] == '.') concat(binary_string, "11110011"); /* period or full stop */
                if (general_field[i] == '/') concat(binary_string, "11110100"); /* slash or solidus */
                if (general_field[i] == ':') concat(binary_string, "11110101"); /* colon */
                if (general_field[i] == ';') concat(binary_string, "11110110"); /* semicolon */
                if (general_field[i] == '<') concat(binary_string, "11110111"); /* less-than sign */
                if (general_field[i] == '=') concat(binary_string, "11111000"); /* equals sign */
                if (general_field[i] == '>') concat(binary_string, "11111001"); /* greater-than sign */
                if (general_field[i] == '?') concat(binary_string, "11111010"); /* question mark */
                if (general_field[i] == '_') concat(binary_string, "11111011"); /* underline or low line */
                if (general_field[i] == ' ') concat(binary_string, "11111100"); /* space */

                i++;
                break;
        }
    } while (i + latch < (int) strlen(general_field));

    binary_length = strlen(binary_string);
    if (cc_mode == 1) {
        /* CC-A 2D component - calculate remaining space */
        switch (*(cc_width)) {
            case 2:
                if (binary_length > 167) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 118) {
                    target_bitsize = 118;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 108) {
                    target_bitsize = 108;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 88) {
                    target_bitsize = 88;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 59) {
                    target_bitsize = 59;
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                if (binary_length > 167) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 118) {
                    target_bitsize = 118;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 98) {
                    target_bitsize = 98;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                if (binary_length > 197) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 197) {
                    target_bitsize = 197;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 108) {
                    target_bitsize = 108;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 2) {
        /* CC-B 2D component - calculated from ISO/IEC 24728 Table 1  */
        switch (*(cc_width)) {
            case 2:
                if (binary_length > 336) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 336) {
                    target_bitsize = 336;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 296) {
                    target_bitsize = 296;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 256) {
                    target_bitsize = 256;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 160) {
                    target_bitsize = 160;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 104) {
                    target_bitsize = 104;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 56) {
                    target_bitsize = 56;
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                if (binary_length > 768) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 768) {
                    target_bitsize = 768;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 648) {
                    target_bitsize = 648;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 536) {
                    target_bitsize = 536;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 416) {
                    target_bitsize = 416;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 304) {
                    target_bitsize = 304;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 152) {
                    target_bitsize = 152;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 112) {
                    target_bitsize = 112;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 72) {
                    target_bitsize = 72;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 32) {
                    target_bitsize = 32;
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                if (binary_length > 1184) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 1184) {
                    target_bitsize = 1184;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 1016) {
                    target_bitsize = 1016;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 840) {
                    target_bitsize = 840;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 672) {
                    target_bitsize = 672;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 496) {
                    target_bitsize = 496;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 352) {
                    target_bitsize = 352;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 264) {
                    target_bitsize = 264;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 152) {
                    target_bitsize = 152;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 96) {
                    target_bitsize = 96;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 56) {
                    target_bitsize = 56;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 3) {
        /* CC-C 2D Component is a bit more complex! */
        int byte_length, codewords_used, ecc_level, ecc_codewords, rows;
        int codewords_total, target_codewords, target_bytesize;

        byte_length = binary_length / 8;
        if (binary_length % 8 != 0) {
            byte_length++;
        }

        codewords_used = (byte_length / 6) * 5;
        codewords_used += byte_length % 6;

        ecc_level = 7;
        if (codewords_used <= 1280) {
            ecc_level = 6;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 640) {
            ecc_level = 5;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 320) {
            ecc_level = 4;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 160) {
            ecc_level = 3;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 40) {
            ecc_level = 2;
        }
        *(ecc) = ecc_level;
        ecc_codewords = 1;
        for (i = 1; i <= (ecc_level + 1); i++) {
            ecc_codewords *= 2;
        }

        codewords_used += ecc_codewords;
        codewords_used += 3;

        if (codewords_used > symbol->option_3) {
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }

        *(cc_width) = (lin_width - 62) / 17;
        if ((codewords_used / *(cc_width)) > 90) {
            /* stop the symbol from becoming too high */
            *(cc_width) = *(cc_width) + 1;
        }

        rows = codewords_used / *(cc_width);
        if (codewords_used % *(cc_width) != 0) {
            rows++;
        }

        codewords_total = *(cc_width) * rows;

        target_codewords = codewords_total - ecc_codewords;
        target_codewords -= 3;

        target_bytesize = 6 * (target_codewords / 5);
        target_bytesize += target_codewords % 5;

        target_bitsize = 8 * target_bytesize;
    }

    remainder = binary_length - target_bitsize;

    if (latch == 1) {
        i = 0;
        /* There is still one more numeric digit to encode */

        if ((remainder >= 4) && (remainder <= 6)) {
            d1 = ctoi(general_field[i]);
            d1++;

            mask = 0x08;
            for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                    concat(binary_string, "0");
                } else {
                    concat(binary_string, "1");
                }
                mask = mask >> 1;
            }
        } else {
            d1 = ctoi(general_field[i]);
            d2 = 10;

            value = (11 * d1) + d2 + 8;

            mask = 0x40;
            for (j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
                if ((value & mask) == 0x00) {
                    concat(binary_string, "0");
                } else {
                    concat(binary_string, "1");
                }
                mask = mask >> 1;
            }
            /* This may push the symbol up to the next size */
        }
    }

    if (strlen(binary_string) > 11805) { /* (2361 * 5) */
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input too long");
        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
    }

    /* all the code below is repeated from above - it needs to be calculated again because the
       size of the symbol may have changed when adding data in the above sequence */

    binary_length = strlen(binary_string);
    if (cc_mode == 1) {
        /* CC-A 2D component - calculate padding required */
        switch (*(cc_width)) {
            case 2:
                if (binary_length > 167) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 118) {
                    target_bitsize = 118;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 108) {
                    target_bitsize = 108;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 88) {
                    target_bitsize = 88;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 59) {
                    target_bitsize = 59;
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                if (binary_length > 167) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 118) {
                    target_bitsize = 118;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 98) {
                    target_bitsize = 98;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                if (binary_length > 197) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 197) {
                    target_bitsize = 197;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 167) {
                    target_bitsize = 167;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 138) {
                    target_bitsize = 138;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 108) {
                    target_bitsize = 108;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 78) {
                    target_bitsize = 78;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 2) {
        /* CC-B 2D component */
        switch (*(cc_width)) {
            case 2:
                if (binary_length > 336) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 336) {
                    target_bitsize = 336;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 296) {
                    target_bitsize = 296;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 256) {
                    target_bitsize = 256;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 160) {
                    target_bitsize = 160;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 104) {
                    target_bitsize = 104;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 56) {
                    target_bitsize = 56;
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                if (binary_length > 768) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 768) {
                    target_bitsize = 768;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 648) {
                    target_bitsize = 648;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 536) {
                    target_bitsize = 536;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 416) {
                    target_bitsize = 416;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 304) {
                    target_bitsize = 304;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 152) {
                    target_bitsize = 152;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 112) {
                    target_bitsize = 112;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 72) {
                    target_bitsize = 72;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 32) {
                    target_bitsize = 32;
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                if (binary_length > 1184) {
                    return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 1184) {
                    target_bitsize = 1184;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 1016) {
                    target_bitsize = 1016;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 840) {
                    target_bitsize = 840;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 672) {
                    target_bitsize = 672;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 496) {
                    target_bitsize = 496;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 352) {
                    target_bitsize = 352;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 264) {
                    target_bitsize = 264;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 208) {
                    target_bitsize = 208;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 152) {
                    target_bitsize = 152;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 96) {
                    target_bitsize = 96;
                }
                if (binary_length <= 56) {
                    target_bitsize = 56;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 3) {
        /* CC-C 2D Component is a bit more complex! */
        int byte_length, codewords_used, ecc_level, ecc_codewords, rows;
        int codewords_total, target_codewords, target_bytesize;

        byte_length = binary_length / 8;
        if (binary_length % 8 != 0) {
            byte_length++;
        }

        codewords_used = (byte_length / 6) * 5;
        codewords_used += byte_length % 6;

        ecc_level = 7;
        if (codewords_used <= 1280) {
            ecc_level = 6;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 640) {
            ecc_level = 5;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 320) {
            ecc_level = 4;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 160) {
            ecc_level = 3;
        }
        if (codewords_used <= 40) {
            ecc_level = 2;
        }
        *(ecc) = ecc_level;
        ecc_codewords = 1;
        for (i = 1; i <= (ecc_level + 1); i++) {
            ecc_codewords *= 2;
        }

        codewords_used += ecc_codewords;
        codewords_used += 3;

        if (codewords_used > symbol->option_3) {
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }

        *(cc_width) = (lin_width - 62) / 17;
        if ((codewords_used / *(cc_width)) > 90) {
            /* stop the symbol from becoming too high */
            *(cc_width) = *(cc_width) + 1;
        }

        rows = codewords_used / *(cc_width);
        if (codewords_used % *(cc_width) != 0) {
            rows++;
        }

        codewords_total = *(cc_width) * rows;

        target_codewords = codewords_total - ecc_codewords;
        target_codewords -= 3;

        target_bytesize = 6 * (target_codewords / 5);
        target_bytesize += target_codewords % 5;

        target_bitsize = 8 * target_bytesize;
    }

    if (binary_length < target_bitsize) {
        /* Now add padding to binary string */
        if (alpha_pad == 1) {
            concat(binary_string, "11111");
            alpha_pad = 0;
            /* Extra FNC1 character required after Alpha encodation (section 5.2.3) */
        }

        if ((strlen(general_field) != 0) && (general_field_type[strlen(general_field) - 1] == NUMERIC)) {
            concat(binary_string, "0000");
        }

        while (strlen(binary_string) < (unsigned int) target_bitsize) {
            concat(binary_string, "00100");
        }

        if (strlen(binary_string) > (unsigned int) target_bitsize) {
            binary_string[target_bitsize] = '\0';
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

void add_leading_zeroes(struct zint_symbol *symbol) {
    int with_addon = 0;
    int first_len = 0, second_len = 0, zfirst_len = 0, zsecond_len = 0, i, h, n = 0;

    h = strlen(symbol->primary);
    for (i = 0; i < h; i++) {
        if (symbol->primary[i] == '+') {
            with_addon = 1;
        } else {
            if (with_addon == 0) {
                first_len++;
            } else {
                second_len++;
            }
        }
    }

    /* Calculate target lengths */
    if (first_len <= 12) {
        zfirst_len = 12;
    }
    if (first_len <= 7) {
        zfirst_len = 7;
    }
    if (second_len <= 5) {
        zsecond_len = 5;
    }
    if (second_len <= 2) {
        zsecond_len = 2;
    }
    if (second_len == 0) {
        zsecond_len = 0;
    }

    /* Add leading zeroes */
    n = zfirst_len - first_len;
    if (n > 0) {
        memmove(symbol->primary + n, symbol->primary, h);
        memset(symbol->primary, '0', n);
    }
    n += first_len + 1;
    if (zsecond_len) {
        memmove(symbol->primary + n + zsecond_len, symbol->primary + n, second_len);
        memset(symbol->primary + n, '0', zsecond_len);
        n += zsecond_len + second_len;
    }
    symbol->primary[n] = '\0';
}

int composite(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length) {
    int error_number, cc_mode, cc_width, ecc_level;
    int j, i, k;
    unsigned int rs = length + 1;
    unsigned int bs = 20 * rs;
    unsigned int pri_len;
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    char reduced[rs];
    char binary_string[bs];
#else
    char* reduced = (char*) _alloca(rs);
    char* binary_string = (char*) _alloca(bs);
#endif
    struct zint_symbol *linear;
    int top_shift, bottom_shift;

    error_number = 0;
    pri_len = strlen(symbol->primary);
    if (pri_len == 0) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "No primary (linear) message in 2D composite");
        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_OPTION;
    }

    if (length > 2990) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "2D component input data too long");
        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
    }

    linear = ZBarcode_Create(); /* Symbol contains the 2D component and Linear contains the rest */

    error_number = gs1_verify(symbol, source, length, reduced);
    if (error_number != 0) {
        return error_number;
    }

    cc_mode = symbol->option_1;

    if ((cc_mode == 3) && (symbol->symbology != BARCODE_EAN128_CC)) {
        /* CC-C can only be used with a GS1-128 linear part */
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Invalid mode (CC-C only valid with GS1-128 linear component)");
        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_OPTION;
    }

    linear->symbology = symbol->symbology;

    if (linear->symbology != BARCODE_EAN128_CC) {
        /* Set the "component linkage" flag in the linear component */
        linear->option_1 = 2;
    } else {
        /* GS1-128 needs to know which type of 2D component is used */
        linear->option_1 = cc_mode;
    }

    switch (symbol->symbology) {
        case BARCODE_EANX_CC: error_number = eanx(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_EAN128_CC: error_number = ean_128(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_CC: error_number = rss14(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_LTD_CC: error_number = rsslimited(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXP_CC: error_number = rssexpanded(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCA_CC: error_number = eanx(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCE_CC: error_number = eanx(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14STACK_CC: error_number = rss14(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_OMNI_CC: error_number = rss14(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXPSTACK_CC: error_number = rssexpanded(linear, (unsigned char *) symbol->primary, pri_len);
            break;
    }

    if (error_number != 0) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, linear->errtxt);
        concat(symbol->errtxt, " in linear component");
        return error_number;
    }

    switch (symbol->symbology) {
            /* Determine width of 2D component according to ISO/IEC 24723 Table 1 */
        case BARCODE_EANX_CC:
            switch (pri_len) {
                case 7: /* EAN-8 */
                case 10: /* EAN-8 + 2 */
                case 13: /* EAN-8 + 5 */
                    cc_width = 3;
                    break;
                case 12: /* EAN-13 */
                case 15: /* EAN-13 + 2 */
                case 18: /* EAN-13 + 5 */
                    cc_width = 4;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case BARCODE_EAN128_CC: cc_width = 4;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_CC: cc_width = 4;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_LTD_CC: cc_width = 3;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXP_CC: cc_width = 4;
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCA_CC: cc_width = 4;
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCE_CC: cc_width = 2;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14STACK_CC: cc_width = 2;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_OMNI_CC: cc_width = 2;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXPSTACK_CC: cc_width = 4;
            break;
    }

    memset(binary_string, 0, bs);

    if (cc_mode < 1 || cc_mode > 3) {
        cc_mode = 1;
    }

    if (cc_mode == 1) {
        i = cc_binary_string(symbol, reduced, binary_string, cc_mode, &cc_width, &ecc_level, linear->width);
        if (i == ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG) {
            cc_mode = 2;
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 2) {
        /* If the data didn't fit into CC-A it is recalculated for CC-B */
        i = cc_binary_string(symbol, reduced, binary_string, cc_mode, &cc_width, &ecc_level, linear->width);
        if (i == ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG) {
            if (symbol->symbology != BARCODE_EAN128_CC) {
                return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
            } else {
                cc_mode = 3;
            }
        }
    }

    if (cc_mode == 3) {
        /* If the data didn't fit in CC-B (and linear part is GS1-128) it is recalculated for CC-C */
        i = cc_binary_string(symbol, reduced, binary_string, cc_mode, &cc_width, &ecc_level, linear->width);
        if (i == ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG) {
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }
    }

    switch (cc_mode) {
            /* Note that ecc_level is only relevant to CC-C */
        case 1: error_number = cc_a(symbol, binary_string, cc_width);
            break;
        case 2: error_number = cc_b(symbol, binary_string, cc_width);
            break;
        case 3: error_number = cc_c(symbol, binary_string, cc_width, ecc_level);
            break;
    }

    if (error_number != 0) {
        return ZINT_ERROR_ENCODING_PROBLEM;
    }

    /* Merge the linear component with the 2D component */

    top_shift = 0;
    bottom_shift = 0;

    switch (symbol->symbology) {
            /* Determine horizontal alignment (according to section 12.3) */
        case BARCODE_EANX_CC:
            switch (pri_len) {
                case 7: /* EAN-8 */
                case 10: /* EAN-8 + 2 */
                case 13: /* EAN-8 + 5 */
                    bottom_shift = 13;
                    break;
                case 12: /* EAN-13 */
                case 15: /* EAN-13 + 2 */
                case 18: /* EAN-13 + 5 */
                    bottom_shift = 2;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case BARCODE_EAN128_CC: if (cc_mode == 3) {
                bottom_shift = 7;
            }
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_CC: bottom_shift = 4;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_LTD_CC: bottom_shift = 9;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXP_CC: k = 1;
            while ((!(module_is_set(linear, 1, k - 1))) && module_is_set(linear, 1, k)) {
                k++;
            }
            top_shift = k;
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCA_CC: bottom_shift = 2;
            break;
        case BARCODE_UPCE_CC: bottom_shift = 2;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14STACK_CC: top_shift = 1;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS14_OMNI_CC: top_shift = 1;
            break;
        case BARCODE_RSS_EXPSTACK_CC: k = 1;
            while ((!(module_is_set(linear, 1, k - 1))) && module_is_set(linear, 1, k)) {
                k++;
            }
            top_shift = k;
            break;
    }

    if (top_shift != 0) {
        /* Move the 2d component of the symbol horizontally */
        for (i = 0; i <= symbol->rows; i++) {
            for (j = (symbol->width + top_shift); j >= top_shift; j--) {
                if (module_is_set(symbol, i, j - top_shift)) {
                    set_module(symbol, i, j);
                } else {
                    unset_module(symbol, i, j);
                }
            }
            for (j = 0; j < top_shift; j++) {
                unset_module(symbol, i, j);
            }
        }
    }

    /* Merge linear and 2D components into one structure */
    for (i = 0; i <= linear->rows; i++) {
        symbol->row_height[symbol->rows + i] = linear->row_height[i];
        for (j = 0; j <= linear->width; j++) {
            if (module_is_set(linear, i, j)) {
                set_module(symbol, i + symbol->rows, j + bottom_shift);
            } else {
                unset_module(symbol, i + symbol->rows, j + bottom_shift);
            }
        }
    }
    if ((linear->width + bottom_shift) > symbol->width) {
        symbol->width = linear->width + bottom_shift;
    }
    if ((symbol->width + top_shift) > symbol->width) {
        symbol->width += top_shift;
    }
    symbol->rows += linear->rows;
    ustrcpy(symbol->text, (unsigned char *) linear->text);

    ZBarcode_Delete(linear);

    return error_number;
}