diff --git a/crates/typst-syntax/src/ast.rs b/crates/typst-syntax/src/ast.rs
index f411326f6..8da045e65 100644
--- a/crates/typst-syntax/src/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-syntax/src/ast.rs
@@ -1270,11 +1270,8 @@ node! {
 
 impl<'a> Keyed<'a> {
     /// The key: `"spacy key"`.
-    pub fn key(self) -> Str<'a> {
-        self.0
-            .children()
-            .find_map(|node| node.cast::<Str>())
-            .unwrap_or_default()
+    pub fn key(self) -> Expr<'a> {
+        self.0.cast_first_match().unwrap_or_default()
     }
 
     /// The right-hand side of the pair: `true`.
diff --git a/crates/typst-syntax/src/parser.rs b/crates/typst-syntax/src/parser.rs
index 0cc733e6c..56fe3c9b7 100644
--- a/crates/typst-syntax/src/parser.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-syntax/src/parser.rs
@@ -943,19 +943,18 @@ fn item(p: &mut Parser, keyed: bool) -> SyntaxKind {
 
     let kind = match p.node(m).map(SyntaxNode::kind) {
         Some(SyntaxKind::Ident) => SyntaxKind::Named,
-        Some(SyntaxKind::Str) if keyed => SyntaxKind::Keyed,
+        Some(_) if keyed => SyntaxKind::Keyed,
         _ => {
             for child in p.post_process(m) {
                 if child.kind() == SyntaxKind::Colon {
                     break;
                 }
 
-                let mut message = EcoString::from("expected identifier");
-                if keyed {
-                    message.push_str(" or string");
-                }
-                message.push_str(", found ");
-                message.push_str(child.kind().name());
+                let expected = if keyed { "expression" } else { "identifier" };
+                let message = eco_format!(
+                    "expected {expected}, found {found}",
+                    found = child.kind().name(),
+                );
                 child.convert_to_error(message);
             }
             SyntaxKind::Named
@@ -1235,9 +1234,12 @@ fn validate_dict<'a>(children: impl Iterator<Item = &'a mut SyntaxNode>) {
         match child.kind() {
             SyntaxKind::Named | SyntaxKind::Keyed => {
                 let Some(first) = child.children_mut().first_mut() else { continue };
-                let key = match first.cast::<ast::Str>() {
-                    Some(str) => str.get(),
-                    None => first.text().clone(),
+                let key = if let Some(str) = first.cast::<ast::Str>() {
+                    str.get()
+                } else if let Some(ident) = first.cast::<ast::Ident>() {
+                    ident.get().clone()
+                } else {
+                    continue;
                 };
 
                 if !used.insert(key.clone()) {
diff --git a/crates/typst/src/eval/mod.rs b/crates/typst/src/eval/mod.rs
index 3dea512e1..ede21c528 100644
--- a/crates/typst/src/eval/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/typst/src/eval/mod.rs
@@ -1012,13 +1012,22 @@ impl Eval for ast::Dict<'_> {
     fn eval(self, vm: &mut Vm) -> SourceResult<Self::Output> {
         let mut map = indexmap::IndexMap::new();
 
+        let mut invalid_keys = eco_vec![];
+
         for item in self.items() {
             match item {
                 ast::DictItem::Named(named) => {
                     map.insert(named.name().get().clone().into(), named.expr().eval(vm)?);
                 }
                 ast::DictItem::Keyed(keyed) => {
-                    map.insert(keyed.key().get().into(), keyed.expr().eval(vm)?);
+                    let raw_key = keyed.key();
+                    let key = raw_key.eval(vm)?;
+                    let key = key.cast::<Str>().unwrap_or_else(|error| {
+                        let error = SourceDiagnostic::error(raw_key.span(), error);
+                        invalid_keys.push(error);
+                        Str::default()
+                    });
+                    map.insert(key, keyed.expr().eval(vm)?);
                 }
                 ast::DictItem::Spread(expr) => match expr.eval(vm)? {
                     Value::None => {}
@@ -1028,6 +1037,10 @@ impl Eval for ast::Dict<'_> {
             }
         }
 
+        if !invalid_keys.is_empty() {
+            return Err(invalid_keys);
+        }
+
         Ok(map.into())
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/typ/compiler/dict.typ b/tests/typ/compiler/dict.typ
index f3a70c2b6..138aa7d42 100644
--- a/tests/typ/compiler/dict.typ
+++ b/tests/typ/compiler/dict.typ
@@ -92,15 +92,12 @@
 #(a: 1, b)
 
 // Identified as dictionary due to initial colon.
+// The boolean key is allowed for now since it will only cause an error at the evaluation stage.
 // Error: 4-5 expected named or keyed pair, found integer
 // Error: 5 expected comma
-// Error: 12-16 expected identifier or string, found boolean
 // Error: 17 expected expression
 #(:1 b:"", true:)
 
-// Error: 3-8 expected identifier or string, found binary expression
-#(a + b: "hey")
-
 ---
 // Error: 3-15 cannot mutate a temporary value
 #((key: "val").other = "some")
@@ -124,3 +121,24 @@
   // Error: 8-15 type dictionary has no method `nonfunc`
   dict.nonfunc()
 }
+
+---
+#let a = "hello"
+#let b = "world"
+#let c = "value"
+#let d = "conflict"
+
+#assert.eq(((a): b), ("hello": "world"))
+#assert.eq(((a): 1, (a): 2), ("hello": 2))
+#assert.eq((hello: 1, (a): 2), ("hello": 2))
+#assert.eq((a + b: c, (a + b): d, (a): "value2", a: "value3"), ("helloworld": "conflict", "hello": "value2", "a": "value3"))
+
+---
+// Error: 7-10 expected identifier, found group
+// Error: 12-14 expected identifier, found integer
+#let ((a): 10) = "world"
+
+---
+// Error: 3-7 expected string, found boolean
+// Error: 16-18 expected string, found integer
+#(true: false, 42: 3)