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< h1 > Bhyve driver< / h1 >
< ul id = "toc" > < / ul >
< p >
Bhyve is a FreeBSD hypervisor. It first appeared in FreeBSD 10.0. However, it's
recommended to keep tracking FreeBSD 10-STABLE to make sure all new features
of bhyve are supported.
In order to enable bhyve on your FreeBSD host, you'll need to load the < code > vmm< / code >
kernel module. Additionally, < code > if_tap< / code > and < code > if_bridge< / code > modules
should be loaded for networking support.
< / p >
< p >
Additional information on bhyve could be obtained on < a href = "http://bhyve.org/" > bhyve.org< / a > .
< / p >
< h2 > < a name = "uri" > Connections to the Bhyve driver< / a > < / h2 >
< p >
The libvirt bhyve driver is a single-instance privileged driver. Some sample
connection URIs are:
< / p >
< pre >
bhyve:///system (local access)
bhyve+unix:///system (local access)
bhyve+ssh://root@example.com/system (remote access, SSH tunnelled)
< / pre >
< h2 > < a name = "exconfig" > Example guest domain XML configurations< / a > < / h2 >
< h3 > Example config< / h3 >
< p >
The bhyve driver in libvirt is in its early stage and under active development. So it supports
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only limited number of features bhyve provides.
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< / p >
< p >
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Note: in older libvirt versions, only a single network device and a single
disk device were supported per-domain. However,
< span class = "since" > since 1.2.6< / span > the libvirt bhyve driver supports
up to 31 PCI devices.
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< / p >
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< p >
Note: the Bhyve driver in libvirt will boot whichever device is first. If you
want to install from CD, put the CD device first. If not, put the root HDD
first.
< / p >
< p >
Note: Only the SATA bus is supported. Only < code > cdrom< / code > - and
< code > disk< / code > -type disks are supported.
< / p >
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< pre >
< domain type='bhyve'>
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< name> bhyve< /name>
< uuid> df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc< /uuid>
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< memory> 219136< /memory>
< currentMemory> 219136< /currentMemory>
< vcpu> 1< /vcpu>
< os>
< type> hvm< /type>
< /os>
< features>
< apic/>
< acpi/>
< /features>
< clock offset='utc'/>
< on_poweroff> destroy< /on_poweroff>
< on_reboot> restart< /on_reboot>
< on_crash> destroy< /on_crash>
< devices>
< disk type='file'>
< driver name='file' type='raw'/>
< source file='/path/to/bhyve_freebsd.img'/>
< target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
< /disk>
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< disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
< driver name='file' type='raw'/>
< source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
< target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
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< readonly/>
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< /disk>
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< interface type='bridge'>
< model type='virtio'/>
< source bridge="virbr0"/>
< /interface>
< /devices>
< /domain>
< / pre >
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< p > (The < disk> sections may be swapped in order to install from
< em > cdrom.iso< / em > .)< / p >
< h3 > Example config (Linux guest)< / h3 >
< p >
Note the addition of < bootloader> .
< / p >
< pre >
< domain type='bhyve'>
< name> linux_guest< /name>
< uuid> df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc< /uuid>
< memory> 131072< /memory>
< currentMemory> 131072< /currentMemory>
< vcpu> 1< /vcpu>
< bootloader> /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve< /bootloader>
< os>
< type> hvm< /type>
< /os>
< features>
< apic/>
< acpi/>
< /features>
< clock offset='utc'/>
< on_poweroff> destroy< /on_poweroff>
< on_reboot> restart< /on_reboot>
< on_crash> destroy< /on_crash>
< devices>
< disk type='file' device='disk'>
< driver name='file' type='raw'/>
< source file='/path/to/guest_hdd.img'/>
< target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
< /disk>
< disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
< driver name='file' type='raw'/>
< source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
< target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
< readonly/>
< /disk>
< interface type='bridge'>
< model type='virtio'/>
< source bridge="virbr0"/>
< /interface>
< /devices>
< /domain>
< / pre >
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< h2 > < a name = "usage" > Guest usage / management< / a > < / h2 >
< h3 > < a name = "console" > Connecting to a guest console< / a > < / h3 >
< p >
Guest console connection is supported through the < code > nmdm< / code > device. It could be enabled by adding
the following to the domain XML (< span class = "since" > Since 1.2.4< / span > ):
< / p >
< pre >
...
< devices>
< serial type="nmdm">
< source master="/dev/nmdm0A" slave="/dev/nmdm0B"/>
< /serial>
< /devices>
...< / pre >
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< p > Make sure to load the < code > nmdm< / code > kernel module if you plan to use that.< / p >
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< p >
Then < code > virsh console< / code > command can be used to connect to the text console
of a guest.< / p >
< p > < b > NB:< / b > Some versions of bhyve have a bug that prevents guests from booting
until the console is opened by a client. This bug was fixed in FreeBSD
< a href = "http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/262884" > r262884< / a > . If
an older version is used, one either has to open a console manually with < code > virsh console< / code >
to let a guest boot or start a guest using:< / p >
< pre > start --console domname< / pre >
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< p > < b > NB:< / b > An bootloader configured to require user interaction will prevent
the domain from starting (and thus < code > virsh console< / code > or < code > start
--console< / code > from functioning) until the user interacts with it manually on
the VM host. Because users typically do not have access to the VM host,
interactive bootloaders are unsupported by libvirt. < em > However,< / em > if you happen to
run into this scenario and also happen to have access to the Bhyve host
machine, you may select a boot option and allow the domain to finish starting
by using an alternative terminal client on the VM host to connect to the
domain-configured null modem device. One example (assuming
< code > /dev/nmdm0B< / code > is configured as the slave end of the domain serial
device) is:< / p >
< pre > cu -l /dev/nmdm0B< / pre >
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< h3 > < a name = "xmltonative" > Converting from domain XML to Bhyve args< / a > < / h3 >
< p >
The < code > virsh domxml-to-native< / code > command can preview the actual
< code > bhyve< / code > commands that will be executed for a given domain.
It outputs two lines, the first line is a < code > bhyveload< / code > command and
the second is a < code > bhyve< / code > command.
< / p >
< p > Please note that the < code > virsh domxml-to-native< / code > doesn't do any
real actions other than printing the command, for example, it doesn't try to
find a proper TAP interface and create it, like what is done when starting
a domain; and always returns < code > tap0< / code > for the network interface. So
if you're going to run these commands manually, most likely you might want to
tweak them.< / p >
< pre >
# virsh -c "bhyve:///system" domxml-to-native --format bhyve-argv --xml /path/to/bhyve.xml
/usr/sbin/bhyveload -m 214 -d /home/user/vm1.img vm1
/usr/sbin/bhyve -c 2 -m 214 -A -I -H -P -s 0:0,hostbridge -s 3:0,virtio-net,tap0,mac=52:54:00:5d:74:e3 -s 2:0,virtio-blk,/home/user/vm1.img -s 1,lpc -l com1,/dev/nmdm0A vm1
< / pre >
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< h3 > < a name = "zfsvolume" > Using ZFS volumes< / a > < / h3 >
< p > It's possible to use ZFS volumes as disk devices < span class = "since" > since 1.2.8< / span > .
An example of domain XML device entry for that will look like:< / p >
< pre >
...
< disk type='volume' device='disk'>
< source pool='zfspool' volume='vol1'/>
< target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
< /disk>
...< / pre >
< p > Please refer to the < a href = "storage.html" > Storage documentation< / a > for more details on storage
management.< / p >
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< h3 > < a name = "grubbhyve" > Using grub2-bhyve or Alternative Bootloaders< / a > < / h3 >
< p > It's possible to boot non-FreeBSD guests by specifying an explicit
bootloader, e.g. < code > grub-bhyve(1)< / code > . Arguments to the bootloader may be
specified as well. If the bootloader is < code > grub-bhyve< / code > and arguments
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are omitted, libvirt will try and infer boot ordering from user-supplied
< boot order='N'> configuration in the domain. Failing that, it will boot
the first disk in the domain (either < code > cdrom< / code > - or
< code > disk< / code > -type devices). If the disk type is < code > disk< / code > , it will
attempt to boot from the first partition in the disk image.< / p >
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< pre >
...
< bootloader> /usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve< /bootloader>
< bootloader_args> ...< /bootloader_args>
...
< / pre >
< p > Caveat: < code > bootloader_args< / code > does not support any quoting.
Filenames, etc, must not have spaces or they will be tokenized incorrectly.< / p >
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