diff --git a/src/conf/domain_conf.c b/src/conf/domain_conf.c
index d88d352fb6..0c6504348c 100644
--- a/src/conf/domain_conf.c
+++ b/src/conf/domain_conf.c
@@ -4879,6 +4879,13 @@ virDomainDefPostParseOs(virDomainDef *def)
     if (def->os.firmwareFeatures &&
         def->os.firmwareFeatures[VIR_DOMAIN_OS_DEF_FIRMWARE_FEATURE_ENROLLED_KEYS] == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
 
+        if (def->os.firmwareFeatures[VIR_DOMAIN_OS_DEF_FIRMWARE_FEATURE_SECURE_BOOT] == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
+                           _("firmware feature 'enrolled-keys' cannot be enabled when "
+                             "firmware feature 'secure-boot' is disabled"));
+            return -1;
+        }
+
         /* For all non-broken firmware builds, enrolled-keys implies
          * secure-boot, and having the Secure Boot keys in the NVRAM file
          * when the firmware doesn't support the Secure Boot feature doesn't
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.x86_64-latest.err b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.x86_64-latest.err
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..989d3dbf5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.x86_64-latest.err
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+firmware feature 'enrolled-keys' cannot be enabled when firmware feature 'secure-boot' is disabled
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.xml b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..722793684c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<domain type='kvm'>
+  <name>fedora</name>
+  <uuid>63840878-0deb-4095-97e6-fc444d9bc9fa</uuid>
+  <memory unit='KiB'>8192</memory>
+  <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
+  <os firmware='efi'>
+    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-q35-4.0'>hvm</type>
+    <firmware>
+      <feature enabled='yes' name='enrolled-keys'/>
+      <feature enabled='no' name='secure-boot'/>
+    </firmware>
+  </os>
+  <features>
+    <acpi/>
+  </features>
+  <devices>
+    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
+    <controller type='usb' model='none'/>
+    <memballoon model='none'/>
+  </devices>
+</domain>
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
index d21b2d9154..b01ad8d4e9 100644
--- a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
@@ -1224,6 +1224,7 @@ mymain(void)
     DO_TEST_CAPS_LATEST("firmware-auto-efi-no-secboot");
     DO_TEST_CAPS_LATEST("firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys");
     DO_TEST_CAPS_LATEST("firmware-auto-efi-no-enrolled-keys");
+    DO_TEST_CAPS_LATEST_PARSE_ERROR("firmware-auto-efi-enrolled-keys-no-secboot");
     DO_TEST_CAPS_ARCH_LATEST("firmware-auto-efi-aarch64", "aarch64");
 
     DO_TEST_NOCAPS("clock-utc");