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Signed-off-by: Erik Skultety <eskultet@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Krempa <pkrempa@redhat.com>
322 lines
8.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
322 lines
8.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
=========
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Audit log
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=========
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.. contents::
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Introduction
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------------
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A number of the libvirt virtualization drivers (QEMU/KVM and LXC)
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include support for logging details of important operations to the
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host's audit subsystem. This provides administrators / auditors with a
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canonical historical record of changes to virtual machines' /
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containers' lifecycle states and their configuration. On hosts which are
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running the Linux audit daemon, the logs will usually end up in
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``/var/log/audit/audit.log``
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Configuration
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-------------
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The libvirt audit integration is enabled by default on any host which
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has the Linux audit subsystem active, and disabled otherwise. It is
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possible to alter this behaviour in the ``/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf``
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configuration file, via the ``audit_level`` parameter
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- ``audit_level=0`` - libvirt auditing is disabled regardless of host
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audit subsystem enablement.
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- ``audit_level=1`` - libvirt auditing is enabled if the host audit
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subsystem is enabled, otherwise it is disabled. This is the default
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behaviour.
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- ``audit_level=2`` - libvirt auditing is enabled regardless of host
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audit subsystem enablement. If the host audit subsystem is disabled,
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then libvirtd will refuse to complete startup and exit with an error.
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In addition to have formal messages sent to the audit subsystem it is
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possible to tell libvirt to inject messages into its own logging layer.
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This will result in messages ending up in the systemd journal or
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``/var/log/libvirt/libvirtd.log`` on non-systemd hosts. This is disabled
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by default, but can be requested by setting the ``audit_logging=1``
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configuration parameter in the same file mentioned above.
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Message types
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-------------
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Libvirt defines three core audit message types each of which will be
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described below. There are a number of common fields that will be
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reported for all message types.
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``pid``
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Process ID of the libvirtd daemon generating the audit record.
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``uid``
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User ID of the libvirtd daemon process generating the audit record.
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``subj``
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Security context of the libvirtd daemon process generating the audit
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record.
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``msg``
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String containing a list of key=value pairs specific to the type of
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audit record being reported.
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Some fields in the ``msg`` string are common to audit records
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``virt``
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Type of virtualization driver used. One of ``qemu`` or ``lxc``
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``vm``
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Host driver unique name of the guest
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``uuid``
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Globally unique identifier for the guest
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``exe``
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Path of the libvirtd daemon
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``hostname``
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Currently unused
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``addr``
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Currently unused
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``terminal``
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Currently unused
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``res``
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Result of the action, either ``success`` or ``failed``
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VIRT_CONTROL
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Reports change in the lifecycle state of a virtual machine. The ``msg``
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field will include the following sub-fields
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``op``
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Type of operation performed. One of ``start``, ``stop`` or ``init``
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the operation to happen
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``vm-pid``
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ID of the primary/leading process associated with the guest
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``init-pid``
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ID of the ``init`` process in a container. Only if ``op=init`` and
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``virt=lxc``
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``pid-ns``
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Namespace ID of the ``init`` process in a container. Only if
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``op=init`` and ``virt=lxc``
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VIRT_MACHINE_ID
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Reports the association of a security context with a guest. The ``msg``
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field will include the following sub-fields
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``model``
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The security driver type. One of ``selinux`` or ``apparmor``
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``vm-ctx``
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Security context for the guest process
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``img-ctx``
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Security context for the guest disk images and other assigned host
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resources
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VIRT_RESOURCE
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Reports the usage of a host resource by a guest. The fields include will
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vary according to the type of device being reported. When the guest is
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initially booted records will be generated for all assigned resources.
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If any changes are made to the running guest configuration, for example
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hotplug devices, or adjust resources allocation, further records will be
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generated.
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Virtual CPU
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^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``vcpu``
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``old-vcpu``
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Original vCPU count, or 0
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``new-vcpu``
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Updated vCPU count
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Memory
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^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``mem``
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``old-mem``
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Original memory size in bytes, or 0
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``new-mem``
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Updated memory size in bytes
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Disk
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^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``disk``
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``old-disk``
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Original host file or device path acting as the disk backing file
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``new-disk``
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Updated host file or device path acting as the disk backing file
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Network interface
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``net``
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``old-net``
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Original MAC address of the guest network interface
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``new-net``
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Updated MAC address of the guest network interface
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If there is a host network interface associated with the guest NIC then
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further records may be generated
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``net``
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``net``
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MAC address of the host network interface
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``rdev``
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Name of the host network interface
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Filesystem
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^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``fs``
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``old-fs``
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Original host directory, file or device path backing the filesystem
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``new-fs``
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Updated host directory, file or device path backing the filesystem
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Host device
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^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``hostdev`` or ``dev``
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``dev``
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The unique bus identifier of the USB, PCI or SCSI device, if
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``resrc=dev``
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``disk``
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The path of the block device assigned to the guest, if
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``resrc=hostdev``
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``chardev``
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The path of the character device assigned to the guest, if
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``resrc=hostdev``
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TPM
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^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``tpm`` or ``tpm-emulator``
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``device``
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The path of the host TPM device assigned to the guest
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RNG
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^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``rng``
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``old-rng``
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Original path of the host entropy source for the RNG
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``new-rng``
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Updated path of the host entropy source for the RNG
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console/serial/parallel/channel
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``chardev``
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``old-chardev``
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Original path of the backing character device for given emulated
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device
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``new-chardev``
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Updated path of the backing character device for given emulated
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device
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smartcard
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^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``smartcard``
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``old-smartcard``
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Original path of the backing character device, certificate store or
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"nss-smartcard-device" for host smartcard passthrough.
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``new-smartcard``
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Updated path of the backing character device, certificate store or
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"nss-smartcard-device" for host smartcard passthrough.
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Redirected device
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``redir``
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``bus``
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The bus type, only ``usb`` allowed
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``device``
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The device type, only ``USB redir`` allowed
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Control group
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``cgroup``
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``cgroup``
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The name of the cgroup controller
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Shared memory
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``msg`` field will include the following sub-fields
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``resrc``
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The type of resource assigned. Set to ``shmem``
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``reason``
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The reason which caused the resource to be assigned to happen
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``size``
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The size of the shared memory region
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``shmem``
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Name of the shared memory region
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``source``
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Path of the backing character device for given emulated device
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