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813 lines
21 KiB
XML
813 lines
21 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl"
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href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/manpages/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" [
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]>
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<refentry>
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>xmllint Manual</title>
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<copyright>
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<year>2001</year>
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</copyright>
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<copyright>
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<year>2004</year>
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</copyright>
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<author>
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<firstname>John</firstname>
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<surname>Fleck</surname>
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</author>
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<address><email>jfleck@inkstain.net</email></address>
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<author>
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<firstname>Ziying</firstname>
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<surname>Sherwin</surname>
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</author>
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<address><email>sherwin@nlm.nih.gov</email></address>
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<author>
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<firstname>Heiko</firstname>
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<surname>Rupp</surname>
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</author>
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<address><email>hwr@pilhuhn.de</email></address>
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<releaseinfo>This is release 0.5 of the xmllint Manual.</releaseinfo>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>xmllint</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>xmllint</refname>
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<refpurpose>command line <acronym>XML</acronym> tool</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>xmllint</command>
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<group>
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<arg>--version</arg>
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<arg>--debug</arg>
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<arg>--shell</arg>
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<arg>--debugent</arg>
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<arg>--copy</arg>
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<arg>--recover</arg>
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<arg>--noent</arg>
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<arg>--noout</arg>
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<arg>--nonet</arg>
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<arg>--path <replaceable>paths</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--load-trace</arg>
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<arg>--htmlout</arg>
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<arg>--nowrap</arg>
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<arg>--valid</arg>
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<arg>--postvalid</arg>
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<arg>--dtdvalid <replaceable>URL</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--dtdvalidfpi <replaceable>FPI</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--timing</arg>
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<arg>--output <replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--repeat</arg>
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<arg>--insert</arg>
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<arg>--compress</arg>
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<arg>--html</arg>
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<arg>--xmlout</arg>
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<arg>--push</arg>
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<arg>--memory</arg>
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<arg>--maxmem <replaceable>nbbytes</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--nowarning</arg>
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<arg>--noblanks</arg>
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<arg>--nocdata</arg>
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<arg>--format</arg>
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<arg>--encode <replaceable>encoding</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--dropdtd</arg>
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<arg>--nsclean</arg>
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<arg>--testIO</arg>
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<arg>--catalogs</arg>
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<arg>--nocatalogs</arg>
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<arg>--auto</arg>
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<arg>--xinclude</arg>
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<arg>--noxincludenode</arg>
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<arg>--loaddtd</arg>
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<arg>--dtdattr</arg>
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<arg>--stream</arg>
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<arg>--walker</arg>
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<arg>--pattern <replaceable>patternvalue</replaceable></arg>
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<arg>--chkregister</arg>
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<arg>--relaxng</arg>
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<arg>--schema</arg>
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<arg>--c14n</arg>
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</group>
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<arg><option><replaceable>xmlfile</replaceable></option></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1 id="introduction">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>
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The xmllint program parses one or more XML files, specified on the
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command line as <replaceable>xmlfile</replaceable> (or the standard
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input if the filename provided is - ). It prints various
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types of output, depending upon the options selected. It is useful for
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detecting errors both in <acronym>XML</acronym> code and in the
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<acronym>XML</acronym> parser itself.
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</para>
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<para>
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It is included in <application>libxml2</application>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 id="options">
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<title>Options</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--version</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Display the version of
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<application>libxml2</application> used.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--debug</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Parse a file and output an annotated tree of the
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in-memory version of the document.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--shell</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Run a navigating shell. Details on available commands in shell mode
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are below.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--debugent</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Debug the entities defined in the document.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--copy</option> </term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Test the internal copy implementation.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--recover</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Output any parsable portions of an invalid
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document.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--noent</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Substitute entity values for entity
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references. By default, <application>xmllint</application> leaves entity
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references in place.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nocdata</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Substitute CDATA section by equivalent text nodes.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nsclean</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Remove redundant namespace declarations.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--noout</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Suppress output. By default,
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<application>xmllint</application> outputs the result tree.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nonet</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do not use the Internet to fetch DTD's or entities.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nonet</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do not use the Internet to fetch DTD's or entities.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term> <option>--path</option> <replaceable>paths</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the list (separated by space or column) of filesystem path
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specified by <replaceable>paths</replaceable> to load
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<acronym>DTDs</acronym> or entities .
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--load-trace</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Display to stderr all the documents loaded during the processing.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--htmlout</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Output results as an <acronym>HTML</acronym>
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file. This causes <application>xmllint</application> to output
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the necessary <acronym>HTML</acronym> tags surrounding the result tree
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output so the results can be displayed in a browser.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nowrap </option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do not output HTML doc wrapper.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--valid </option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Determine if the document is a valid instance
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of the included Document Type Definition (<acronym>DTD</acronym>). A
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<acronym>DTD</acronym> to be validated against also can be specified at
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the command line using the <option>--dtdvalid</option> option. By default,
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<application>xmllint</application> also checks to determine if the
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document is well-formed.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--postvalid</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Validate after parsing is completed.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term> <option>--dtdvalid</option> <replaceable>URL</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the
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<acronym>DTD</acronym> specified by <replaceable>URL</replaceable> for
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validation.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term> <option>--dtdvalidfpi</option> <replaceable>FPI</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the
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<acronym>DTD</acronym> specified by the Public Identifier
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<replaceable>FPI</replaceable> for validation, note that this
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will require a Catalog exporting that Public Identifier to work.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--timing</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Output information about the time it takes
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<application>xmllint</application> to perform the various steps.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--output</option> <replaceable>file</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>Define a file path where xmllint will save the result of
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parsing. Usually the programs build a tree and save it on stdout, with
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this option the result XML instance will be saved onto a file.</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--repeat</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Repeat 100 times, for timing or profiling.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--insert</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Test for valid insertions.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--compress</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Turn on gzip compression of output.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--html</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the <acronym>HTML</acronym> parser.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xmlout</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>Used in conjusntion with <option>--html</option>. Usually
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when HTML is parsed the document is saved with the HTML serializer, but with
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this option the resulting document is saved with the XML serializer. This is
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primarily used to generate XHTML from HTML input.</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--push</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the push mode of the parser.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--memory</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Parse from memory.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--maxmem</option> <replaceable>nnbytes</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>Test the parser memory
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support. <replaceable>nnbytes</replaceable> is the maximum number of bytes the
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library is allowed to allocate. This can also be used to make sure batch
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processing of XML files will not exhaust the virtual memory of the server
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running them.</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nowarning</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do not emit warnings from the parser and/or validator.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--noblanks</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Drop ignorable blank spaces.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--format</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Reformat and reindent the output. The $XMLLINT_INDENT
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environment variable controls the indentation (default
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value is two spaces " ").
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--testIO</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Test user input/output support.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--encode</option> <replaceable>encoding</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Output in the given encoding.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--catalogs</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Use the catalogs from $SGML_CATALOG_FILES. Otherwise /etc/xml/catalog
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is used by default.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--nocatalogs</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do not use any catalogs.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--auto</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Generate a small document for testing purposes.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xinclude</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do XInclude processing.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--noxincludenode</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Do XInclude processing but do not generate XInclude start and end
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nodes.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--loaddtd</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Fetch external DTD.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--dtdattr</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Fetch external DTD and populate the tree with inherited attributes.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--dropdtd</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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|
Remove <acronym>DTD</acronym> from output.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--stream</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
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<simpara>Use streaming API - useful when used in combination with
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--relaxng or --valid options for validation of files that are
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too large to be held in memory.</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--walker</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
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<simpara>Test the walker module, which is a reader interface but for a
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document tree, instead of using the reader API on an unparsed document it
|
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works on a existing in-memory tree. Used in debugging.</simpara>
|
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--chkregister</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Turn on node registration. Useful for developers testing
|
|
libxml2 node tracking code.</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--pattern</option> <replaceable>patternvalue</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Used to exercise the pattern recognition engine, which can be
|
|
used with the reader interface to the parser. It allows to select some
|
|
nodes in the document based on an XPath (subset) expression. Used for
|
|
debugging.</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--relaxng</option> <replaceable>schema</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Use RelaxNG file named <replaceable>schema</replaceable> for
|
|
validation.</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--schema</option> <replaceable>schema</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Use a W3C XML Schema file named <replaceable>schema</replaceable> for validation.</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>
|
|
<option>--c14n</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Use the W3C XML Canonicalisation (C14N) to
|
|
serialize the result of parsing to stdout. It keeps comments in
|
|
the result.</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id="shell">
|
|
<title>Shell</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<application>xmllint</application> offers an interactive shell mode
|
|
invoked with the <option>--shell</option> command. Available commands in
|
|
shell mode include:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>base</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
display XML base of the node
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>bye</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
leave shell
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>cat <replaceable>node</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Display node if given or current node.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>cd <replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Change the current node to <replaceable>path</replaceable> (if given
|
|
and unique) or root if no argument given.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>dir <replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Dumps information about the node (namespace, attributes, content).
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>du <replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Show the structure of the subtree under path or the current node.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>exit</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Leave the shell.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>help</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Show this help.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>free</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Display memory usage.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>load <replaceable>name</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Load a new document with the given name.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>ls <replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
List contents of <replaceable>path</replaceable> (if given) or the
|
|
current directory.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>pwd</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Display the path to the current node.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>quit</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Leave the shell.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>save <replaceable>name</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Saves the current document to <replaceable>name</replaceable> if
|
|
given or to the original name.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>validate</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Check the document for error.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>write <replaceable>name</replaceable></option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>
|
|
Write the current node to the given filename.
|
|
</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Catalogs</title>
|
|
<para>Catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting
|
|
queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting the
|
|
<varname>XML_CATALOG_FILES</varname> environment variable to a list of
|
|
catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the default
|
|
<filename>/etc/xml/catalog</filename> default catalog.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Debugging Catalogs</title>
|
|
<para>Setting the environment variable <varname>XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</varname>
|
|
using the command <command>"export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG="</command>
|
|
outputs debugging information related to catalog operations.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Error Return Codes</title>
|
|
<para>On the completion of execution, <application>Xmllint</application>
|
|
returns the following error codes:</para>
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>0</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>No error</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>1</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Unclassified</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>2</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Error in DTD</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>3</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Validation error</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>4</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Validation error</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>5</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Error in schema compilation</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>6</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Error writing output</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>7</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Error in pattern (generated when
|
|
<optional>--pattern</optional> option is used)</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>8</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Error in Reader registration (generated when
|
|
<optional>--chkregister</optional> option is used)</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>9</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<simpara>Out of memory error</simpara>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|