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Commit Graph

762 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Zdenek Kabelac
becffe4567 gcc-fanalyzer: drop zeroing of pointers
This explicit pointer zeroing is not needed since
we use 'zalloced' buffers.
2021-09-20 14:18:13 +02:00
Zdenek Kabelac
63930f576a cov: add some initializers 2021-09-13 12:34:41 +02:00
David Teigland
9e79a022ea logging: messages for found metadata 2021-08-20 14:51:09 -05:00
David Teigland
96b777167c cov: clean up pvid and vgid usage
pvid and vgid are sometimes a null-terminated string, and
other times a 'struct id', and the two types were often
cast between each other.  When a struct id was cast to a char
pointer, the resulting string would not necessarily be null
terminated.  Casting a null-terminated string id to a
struct id is fine, but is still avoided when possible.

A struct id is:  int8_t uuid[ID_LEN]
A string id is:  char pvid[ID_LEN + 1]

A convention is introduced to help distinguish them:

- variables and struct fields named "pvid" or "vgid"
  should be null-terminated strings.

- variables and struct fields named "pv_id" or "vg_id"
  should be struct id's.

- examples:
  char pvid[ID_LEN + 1];
  char vgid[ID_LEN + 1];
  struct id pv_id;
  struct id vg_id;

Function names also attempt to follow this convention.

Avoid casting between the two types as much as possible,
with limited exceptions when known to be safe and clearly
commented.

Avoid using variations of strcpy and strcmp, and instead
use memcpy/memcmp with ID_LEN (with similar limited
exceptions possible.)
2021-08-16 11:31:15 -05:00
Zdenek Kabelac
a4eb378fe4 cov: add explicit check for vg existence
Since we check !vg - add check before accessing ->status.
2021-07-28 00:49:28 +02:00
David Teigland
b876dbfc24 scan: move metadata vgname check
There have been two separate checks for metadata
validity: first that the metadata text begins with
a valid VG name, and second the checksum of the
metadata text.  These happen in different places,
which means there have been two separate error paths
for invalid metadata.  This also causes large metadata
to be read in multiple parts, the first part is read
just to check the vgname, and then remaining parts are
read later when the full metadata is needed.

This patch moves the vg name verification so it's
done just before the checksum verification, which
results in a single error path for invalid metadata,
and causes the entire metadata to be read together
rather that in parts from different parts of the code.
2021-07-06 10:10:23 -05:00
David Teigland
e035e32350 scan: retry reading metadata on error
If label_scan encounters bad vg metadata, invalidate
bcache data for the device and reread the mda_header
and metadata text back to back.  With concurrent commands
modifying large metadata, it's possible that the entire
metadata area can be rewritten in the time between a
command reading the mda_header and reading the metadata
text that the header points to.  Since the label_scan
is just assembling an initial overview of devices, it
doesn't use locking to serialize with other commands
that may be modifying the vg metadata at the same time.
2021-07-06 10:10:23 -05:00
Zdenek Kabelac
bb45e33518 backup: automatically store data on vg_unlock
Previously there have been necessary explicit call of backup (often
either forgotten or over-used). With this patch the necessity to
store backup is remember at vg_commit and once the VG is unlocked,
the committed metadata are automatically store in backup file.

This may possibly alter some printed messages from command when the
backup is now taken later.
2021-06-09 14:56:13 +02:00
Zdenek Kabelac
25b672417e cov: use correct enum type
Correct function declaration.
2021-04-23 23:00:55 +02:00
David Teigland
0a28e3c44b Add metadata-based autoactivation property for VG and LV
The autoactivation property can be specified in lvcreate
or vgcreate for new LVs/VGs, and the property can be changed
by lvchange or vgchange for existing LVs/VGs.

 --setautoactivation y|n
 enables|disables autoactivation of a VG or LV.

Autoactivation is enabled by default, which is consistent with
past behavior.  The disabled state is stored as a new flag
in the VG metadata, and the absence of the flag allows
autoactivation.

If autoactivation is disabled for the VG, then no LVs in the VG
will be autoactivated (the LV autoactivation property will have
no effect.)  When autoactivation is enabled for the VG, then
autoactivation can be controlled on individual LVs.

The state of this property can be reported for LVs/VGs using
the "-o autoactivation" option in lvs/vgs commands, which will
report "enabled", or "" for the disabled state.

Previous versions of lvm do not recognize this property.  Since
autoactivation is enabled by default, the disabled setting will
have no effect in older lvm versions.  If the VG is modified by
older lvm versions, the disabled state will also be dropped from
the metadata.

The autoactivation property is an alternative to using the lvm.conf
auto_activation_volume_list, which is still applied to to VGs/LVs
in addition to the new property.

If VG or LV autoactivation is disabled either in metadata or in
auto_activation_volume_list, it will not be autoactivated.

An autoactivation command will silently skip activating an LV
when the autoactivation property is disabled.

To determine the effective autoactivation behavior for a specific
LV, multiple settings would need to be checked:
the VG autoactivation property, the LV autoactivation property,
the auto_activation_volume_list.  The "activation skip" property
would also be relevant, since it applies to both normal and auto
activation.
2021-04-07 15:32:49 -05:00
Zdenek Kabelac
8a03675241 cov: variable initialization 2021-03-10 01:34:58 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
c05077f4d4 cleanup: easier print of historical lv
Drop unneeded macros.
2021-03-10 01:11:52 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
d2a3bfe6ca vg_write: shift check for exported metadata
Since we now immediatelly use created buffer for CFT creation,
the result needs to be validate before such use.
2021-03-10 01:00:18 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
e5456c259f cleanup: simpler checks first
Minor optimizatoins...
2021-03-08 15:43:27 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
f4200acac2 cleanup: on stack structure instead of allocation 2021-03-08 15:43:27 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
dac990ae03 cleanup: avoid allocating memory for hash key
Hash always allocates its own copy of the key so avoid
this extra uuid copy.
2021-03-08 15:43:27 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
2d64ffaee5 hash: use individual hint sizes
Use different 'hint' size for dm_hash_create() call - so
when debug info about hash is printed we can recognize which
hash was in use.

This patch doesn't change actual used size since that is always
rounded to be power of 2 and >=16 - so as such is only a
help to developer.

We could eventually use 'name' arg, but since this would have changed
API and this patchset will be routed to libdm & stable - we will
just use this small trick.
2021-03-08 15:33:15 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
936c7b5104 vg_read: reuse already parsed config tree
When parsing VG metadata we can create from a single config tree
also 'vg_committed' that is always created for writable VG.

This avoids extra uncessary step of serializing and deserilizing
just parsed VG.
2021-03-08 15:30:18 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
bc0cb66304 vg_write: optimize caching of precommitted VG
Every vg_write stores new 'metadata' into precommitted slot.
For this step we use 'serialized buffer' to ascii metadata.

Instead of recreating this buffer after whole 'vg_write()' we
use this buffer instantly for creating of precommitted VG.

This has also the advantage of catching any problems with
reparsing of ascii metadata back to VG early before any write.
2021-03-08 15:30:18 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
eb3dcc72eb cleanup: free already checks for NULL 2021-03-02 22:57:35 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
2a9a3346e7 archive: support interruption
When lvm2 calls archive() or backup() it can be useful to allow handling
break signal so the command can be interrupted at some consistent point.

Signal is accepted during processing these calls - and can be evaluated
later during even lengthy processing loops.

So now user can interrupt lengthy lvremove().
2021-03-02 22:54:40 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
eb1160ee42 lvremove: backup at the end of loop
Taking backup with each removed LV is slowing down the process
considerable and is largerly uneeded. We are supposed to take
backup only on significant points and making sure the backup
is correct when the command is finished.

TODO: check how many other commands can be improved.
2021-03-02 22:54:40 +01:00
David Teigland
83fe6e720f device usage based on devices file
The LVM devices file lists devices that lvm can use.  The default
file is /etc/lvm/devices/system.devices, and the lvmdevices(8)
command is used to add or remove device entries.  If the file
does not exist, or if lvm.conf includes use_devicesfile=0, then
lvm will not use a devices file.  When the devices file is in use,
the regex filter is not used, and the filter settings in lvm.conf
or on the command line are ignored.

LVM records devices in the devices file using hardware-specific
IDs, such as the WWID, and attempts to use subsystem-specific
IDs for virtual device types.  These device IDs are also written
in the VG metadata.  When no hardware or virtual ID is available,
lvm falls back using the unstable device name as the device ID.
When devnames are used, lvm performs extra scanning to find
devices if their devname changes, e.g. after reboot.

When proper device IDs are used, an lvm command will not look
at devices outside the devices file, but when devnames are used
as a fallback, lvm will scan devices outside the devices file
to locate PVs on renamed devices.  A config setting
search_for_devnames can be used to control the scanning for
renamed devname entries.

Related to the devices file, the new command option
--devices <devnames> allows a list of devices to be specified for
the command to use, overriding the devices file.  The listed
devices act as a sort of devices file in terms of limiting which
devices lvm will see and use.  Devices that are not listed will
appear to be missing to the lvm command.

Multiple devices files can be kept in /etc/lvm/devices, which
allows lvm to be used with different sets of devices, e.g.
system devices do not need to be exposed to a specific application,
and the application can use lvm on its own set of devices that are
not exposed to the system.  The option --devicesfile <filename> is
used to select the devices file to use with the command.  Without
the option set, the default system devices file is used.

Setting --devicesfile "" causes lvm to not use a devices file.

An existing, empty devices file means lvm will see no devices.

The new command vgimportdevices adds PVs from a VG to the devices
file and updates the VG metadata to include the device IDs.
vgimportdevices -a will import all VGs into the system devices file.

LVM commands run by dmeventd not use a devices file by default,
and will look at all devices on the system.  A devices file can
be created for dmeventd (/etc/lvm/devices/dmeventd.devices)  If
this file exists, lvm commands run by dmeventd will use it.

Internal implementaion:

- device_ids_read - read the devices file
  . add struct dev_use (du) to cmd->use_devices for each devices file entry
- dev_cache_scan - get /dev entries
  . add struct device (dev) to dev_cache for each device on the system
- device_ids_match - match devices file entries to /dev entries
  . match each du on cmd->use_devices to a dev in dev_cache, using device ID
  . on match, set du->dev, dev->id, dev->flags MATCHED_USE_ID
- label_scan - read lvm headers and metadata from devices
  . filters are applied, those that do not need data from the device
  . filter-deviceid skips devs without MATCHED_USE_ID, i.e.
    skips /dev entries that are not listed in the devices file
  . read lvm label from dev
  . filters are applied, those that use data from the device
  . read lvm metadata from dev
  . add info/vginfo structs for PVs/VGs (info is "lvmcache")
- device_ids_find_renamed_devs - handle devices with unstable devname ID
  where devname changed
  . this step only needed when devs do not have proper device IDs,
    and their dev names change, e.g. after reboot sdb becomes sdc.
  . detect incorrect match because PVID in the devices file entry
    does not match the PVID found when the device was read above
  . undo incorrect match between du and dev above
  . search system devices for new location of PVID
  . update devices file with new devnames for PVIDs on renamed devices
  . label_scan the renamed devs
- continue with command processing
2021-02-23 16:43:32 -06:00
David Teigland
87ee401eea md component detection changes
Move extra md component detection into the label scan phase.
It had been in set_pv_devices which was deep within the vg_read
phase, which wasn't a good place (better to detect that earlier.)
Now that pv metadata info is available in the scan phase, the pv
details (size and device_hint) can be used for extra md checking.

Use the device_hint from the pv metadata to trigger a full md
component check if the device_hint begins with /dev/md.

Stop triggering full md component checks based on missing
udev info for a dev.

Changes to tests to reflect that the code is now detecting
md components in some test case that it wasn't before.
2021-02-05 16:23:51 -06:00
Zdenek Kabelac
b4212be2e7 thin: improve 16g support for thin pool metadata
Initial support for thin-pool used slightly smaller max size 15.81GiB
for thin-pool metadata. However the real limit later settled at 15.88GiB
(difference is ~64MiB - 16448 4K blocks).

lvm2 could not simply increase the size as it has been using hard cropping
of the loaded metadata device to avoid warnings printing warning of kernel
when the size was bigger (i.e. due to bigger extent_size).

This patch adds the new lvm.conf configurable setting:
allocation/thin_pool_crop_metadata
which defaults to 0 -> no crop of metadata beyond 15.81GiB.
Only user with these sizes of metadata will be affected.

Without cropping lvm2 now limits metadata allocation size to 15.88GiB.
Any space beyond is currently not used by thin-pool target.
Even if i.e. bigger LV is used for metadata via lvconvert,
or allocated bigger because of to large extent size.

With cropping enabled (=1) lvm2 preserves the old limitation
15.81GiB and should allow to work in the evironement with
older lvm2 tools (i.e. older distribution).

Thin-pool metadata with size bigger then 15.81G is now using CROP_METADATA
flag within lvm2 metadata, so older lvm2 recognizes an
incompatible thin-pool and cannot activate such pool!

Users should use uncropped version as it is not suffering
from various issues between thin_repair results and allocated
metadata LV as thin_repair limit is 15.88GiB
Users should use cropping only when really needed!

Patch also better handles resize of thin-pool metadata and prevents resize
beoyond usable size 15.88GiB. Resize beyond 15.81GiB automatically
switches pool to no-crop version. Even with existing bigger thin-pool
metadata command 'lvextend -l+1 vg/pool_tmeta' does the change.

Patch gives better controls 'coverted' metadata LV and
reports less confusing message during conversion.

Patch set also moves the code for updating min/max into pool_manip.c
for better sharing with cache_pool code.
2021-02-01 12:06:13 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
1b8c6f09bc debug: show actually reason for taking this code path
Instead of not so useful backtrace, report what was the reason.
2020-10-02 21:04:16 +02:00
Zdenek Kabelac
e1af80c81c debug: drop FD from error message
Since now the error path already has device close and set -1,
there is not much in printing this info - actually shouldn't be
there at all..
2020-10-02 21:04:16 +02:00
Zdenek Kabelac
fd96f1014b gcc: zero-sized array to fexlible array C99
Switch remaining zero sized struct to flexible arrays to be C99
complient.

These simple rules should apply:

- The incomplete array type must be the last element within the structure.
- There cannot be an array of structures that contain a flexible array member.
- Structures that contain a flexible array member cannot be used as a member of another structure.
- The structure must contain at least one named member in addition to the flexible array member.

Although some of the code pieces should be still improved.
2020-09-01 17:57:50 +02:00
David Teigland
cc4051eec0 pass cmd struct through more functions
no functional change
2020-04-21 10:58:05 -05:00
David Teigland
d9e8895a96 Allow dm-integrity to be used for raid images
dm-integrity stores checksums of the data written to an
LV, and returns an error if data read from the LV does
not match the previously saved checksum.  When used on
raid images, dm-raid will correct the error by reading
the block from another image, and the device user sees
no error.  The integrity metadata (checksums) are stored
on an internal LV allocated by lvm for each linear image.
The internal LV is allocated on the same PV as the image.

Create a raid LV with an integrity layer over each
raid image (for raid levels 1,4,5,6,10):

lvcreate --type raidN --raidintegrity y [options]

Add an integrity layer to images of an existing raid LV:

lvconvert --raidintegrity y LV

Remove the integrity layer from images of a raid LV:

lvconvert --raidintegrity n LV

Settings

Use --raidintegritymode journal|bitmap (journal is default)
to configure the method used by dm-integrity to ensure
crash consistency.

Initialization

When integrity is added to an LV, the kernel needs to
initialize the integrity metadata/checksums for all blocks
in the LV.  The data corruption checking performed by
dm-integrity will only operate on areas of the LV that
are already initialized.  The progress of integrity
initialization is reported by the "syncpercent" LV
reporting field (and under the Cpy%Sync lvs column.)

Example: create a raid1 LV with integrity:

$ lvcreate --type raid1 -m1 --raidintegrity y -n rr -L1G foo
  Creating integrity metadata LV rr_rimage_0_imeta with size 12.00 MiB.
  Logical volume "rr_rimage_0_imeta" created.
  Creating integrity metadata LV rr_rimage_1_imeta with size 12.00 MiB.
  Logical volume "rr_rimage_1_imeta" created.
  Logical volume "rr" created.
$ lvs -a foo
  LV                  VG  Attr       LSize  Origin              Cpy%Sync
  rr                  foo rwi-a-r---  1.00g                     4.93
  [rr_rimage_0]       foo gwi-aor---  1.00g [rr_rimage_0_iorig] 41.02
  [rr_rimage_0_imeta] foo ewi-ao---- 12.00m
  [rr_rimage_0_iorig] foo -wi-ao----  1.00g
  [rr_rimage_1]       foo gwi-aor---  1.00g [rr_rimage_1_iorig] 39.45
  [rr_rimage_1_imeta] foo ewi-ao---- 12.00m
  [rr_rimage_1_iorig] foo -wi-ao----  1.00g
  [rr_rmeta_0]        foo ewi-aor---  4.00m
  [rr_rmeta_1]        foo ewi-aor---  4.00m
2020-04-15 12:10:32 -05:00
Zdenek Kabelac
de43527f94 cov: unused header file removal
cov: unused header removed
Also ensure library header file with config settings goes first.
Move inclusion of format-text.h into layout.h
2020-02-04 17:22:06 +01:00
David Teigland
74ad2cd76f metadata: add vg_from_config_tree
Add cmd/fmt args to import functions so that
they can be used without the fid arg which.
2019-11-27 11:13:47 -06:00
David Teigland
0c1316cda8 scanning: optimize by checking text offset and checksum
After the VG lock is taken for vg_read, reread the mda_header
and compare the metadata text offset and checksum to what was
seen during label scan.  If it is unchanged, then the metadata
has not changed since the label scan, and the metadata does not
need to be reread under the lock for command processing.

For commands that do not make changes (e.g. reporting), the
mda_header is reread and checked on one mda to decide if the
full metadata rereading can be skipped.  For other commands
(e.g. modifying the vg) the mda_header is reread and checked
from all PVs.  (These could probably just check one mda also.)
2019-11-26 16:52:28 -06:00
Zdenek Kabelac
1da5fd8226 cov: inline _build_desc_write
Embed function into the code, since the function is actually
simpler written this as there are no memleak troubles
with failing allocation error path.
2019-11-14 18:06:42 +01:00
Zdenek Kabelac
82e6b820b8 cov: check for NULL
Since we check for NULL pointers earlier we need
to be consistent across function - since the NULL
would applies across whole function.

When dropping 'mda' check - we are actually
already dereferencing it before - so it can't
be NULL at that places (and it's validated
before entering  _read_mda_header_and_metadata).
2019-11-14 18:06:42 +01:00
Heming Zhao
13c254fc05 fix dev_unset_last_byte after write error
dev_unset_last_byte() must be called while the fd is still valid.
After a write error, dev_unset_last_byte() must be called before
closing the dev and resetting the fd.

In the write error path, dev_unset_last_byte() was being called
after label_scan_invalidate() which meant that it would not unset
the last_byte values.

After a write error, dev_unset_last_byte() is now called in
dev_write_bytes() before label_scan_invalidate(), instead of by
the caller of dev_write_bytes().

In the common case of a successful write, the sequence is still:
dev_set_last_byte(); dev_write_bytes(); dev_unset_last_byte();

Signed-off-by: Zhao Heming <heming.zhao@suse.com>
2019-11-13 09:36:58 -06:00
David Teigland
91ee025d5b cache: change cachevol flags for backward compat
A cachevol LV had the CACHE_VOL status flag in metadata,
and the cache LV using it had no new flag.  This caused
problems if the new metadata was used by an old version
of lvm.  An old version of lvm would have two problems
processing the new metadata:

. The old lvm would return an error when reading the VG
  metadata when it saw the unknown CACHE_VOL status flag.

. The old lvm would return an error when reading the VG
  metadata because it would not find an expected cache pool
  attached to the cache LV (since the cache LV had a
  cachevol attached instead.)

Change the use of flags:

. Change the CACHE_VOL flag to be a COMPATIBLE flag (instead
  of a STATUS flag) so that old versions will not fail when
  they see it.

. When a cache LV is using a cachevol, the cache LV gets
  a new SEGTYPE flag CACHE_USES_CACHEVOL.  This flag is
  appended to the segtype name, so that old lvm versions
  will fail to use the LV because of an unknown segtype,
  as opposed to failing to read the VG.
2019-10-15 09:05:52 -05:00
David Teigland
bd21736e8b vgck: let updatemetadata repair mismatched metadata
Let vgck --updatemetadata repair cases where different mdas
hold indepedently valid but unmatching copies of the metadata,
i.e. different text metadata checksums or text metadata sizes.
2019-10-11 12:57:39 -05:00
David Teigland
d6ffc99052 vgck: fix updatemetadata writing different descriptions
vgck --updatemetadata would write the same correct
metadata to good mdas, and then to bad mdas, but the
sequence of vg_write/vg_commit calls betwen good and
bad mdas could cause a different description field to
be generated for good/bad mdas. (The description field
describing the command was recently included in the
ondisk copy of the metadata text.)
2019-10-11 12:57:32 -05:00
David Teigland
f3084ee2e5 scan: add PV summary info to lvmcache
Expand the lvmcache info that is saved by the scan to
include PV info from the metadata.
2019-09-30 11:38:10 -05:00
David Teigland
3a8e41a67b metadata: import device name hint from metadata
Start by using it in a comment for a missing PV.
2019-09-30 11:38:10 -05:00
David Teigland
fcfabb26a5 metadata: add args to metadata import functions
instead of getting them through fid arg
no functional change
2019-09-30 11:38:10 -05:00
David Teigland
65bcd16be2 md component detection addition in vg_read
Usually md components are eliminated in label scan and/or
duplicate resolution, but they could sometimes get into
the vg_read stage, where set_pv_devices compares the
device to the PV.

If set_pv_devices runs an md component check and finds
one, vg_read should eliminate the components.

In set_pv_devices, run an md component check always
if the PV is smaller than the device (this is not
very common.)  If the PV is larger than the device,
(more common), do the component check when the config
setting is "auto" (the default).
2019-08-16 13:24:34 -05:00
David Teigland
c22ad12bab metadata: extend writes to zero space
Previously, consecutive copies of metadata would have garbage
data in the space between them.  After metadata wrapping,
the garbage would be portions of old metadata.  This made
analysis of the metadata area more difficult.

This would happen because the start of new copy of metadata
is advanced from the end of the last copy to start at the
next 512 byte boundary.

Zero the space between consecutive copies of metadata by
extending each metadata write to end at the next 512 byte
boundary.  The size of the metadata itself is not extended,
only the write.  The buffer being written contains the
metadata text followed by the necessary number of zeros.
2019-07-12 15:00:12 -05:00
David Teigland
8fecd9c14e metadata: include description with command in metadata areas
Previously the VG metadata description field (which contains
the command line) was only included in backup/archive copies
of the metadata.  Now also include it in the metadata written
to the metadata areas.
2019-06-20 16:09:05 -05:00
David Teigland
ba7ff96faf improve reading and repairing vg metadata
The fact that vg repair is implemented as a part of vg read
has led to a messy and complicated implementation of vg_read,
and limited and uncontrolled repair capability.  This splits
read and repair apart.

Summary
-------

- take all kinds of various repairs out of vg_read
- vg_read no longer writes anything
- vg_read now simply reads and returns vg metadata
- vg_read ignores bad or old copies of metadata
- vg_read proceeds with a single good copy of metadata
- improve error checks and handling when reading
- keep track of bad (corrupt) copies of metadata in lvmcache
- keep track of old (seqno) copies of metadata in lvmcache
- keep track of outdated PVs in lvmcache
- vg_write will do basic repairs
- new command vgck --updatemetdata will do all repairs

Details
-------

- In scan, do not delete dev from lvmcache if reading/processing fails;
  the dev is still present, and removing it makes it look like the dev
  is not there.  Records are now kept about the problems with each PV
  so they be fixed/repaired in the appropriate places.

- In scan, record a bad mda on failure, and delete the mda from
  mda in use list so it will not be used by vg_read or vg_write,
  only by repair.

- In scan, succeed if any good mda on a device is found, instead of
  failing if any is bad.  The bad/old copies of metadata should not
  interfere with normal usage while good copies can be used.

- In scan, add a record of old mdas in lvmcache for later, do not repair
  them while reading, and do not let them prevent us from finding and
  using a good copy of metadata from elsewhere.  One result is that
  "inconsistent metadata" is no longer a read error, but instead a
  record in lvmcache that can be addressed separate from the read.

- Treat a dev with no good mdas like a dev with no mdas, which is an
  existing case we already handle.

- Don't use a fake vg "handle" for returning an error from vg_read,
  or the vg_read_error function for getting that error number;
  just return null if the vg cannot be read or used, and an error_flags
  arg with flags set for the specific kind of error (which can be used
  later for determining the kind of repair.)

- Saving an original copy of the vg metadata, for purposes of reverting
  a write, is now done explicitly in vg_read instead of being hidden in
  the vg_make_handle function.

- When a vg is not accessible due to "access restrictions" but is
  otherwise fine, return the vg through the new error_vg arg so that
  process_each_pv can skip the PVs in the VG while processing.
  (This is a temporary accomodation for the way process_each_pv
  tracks which devs have been looked at, and can be dropped later
  when process_each_pv implementation dev tracking is changed.)

- vg_read does not try to fix or recover a vg, but now just reads the
  metadata, checks access restrictions and returns it.
  (Checking access restrictions might be better done outside of vg_read,
   but this is a later improvement.)

- _vg_read now simply makes one attempt to read metadata from
  each mda, and uses the most recent copy to return to the caller
  in the form of a 'vg' struct.
  (bad mdas were excluded during the scan and are not retried)
  (old mdas were not excluded during scan and are retried here)

- vg_read uses _vg_read to get the latest copy of metadata from mdas,
  and then makes various checks against it to produce warnings,
  and to check if VG access is allowed (access restrictions include:
  writable, foreign, shared, clustered, missing pvs).

- Things that were previously silently/automatically written by vg_read
  that are now done by vg_write, based on the records made in lvmcache
  during the scan and read:
  . clearing the missing flag
  . updating old copies of metadata
  . clearing outdated pvs
  . updating pv header flags

- Bad/corrupt metadata are now repaired; they were not before.

Test changes
------------

- A read command no longer writes the VG to repair it, so add a write
  command to do a repair.
  (inconsistent-metadata, unlost-pv)

- When a missing PV is removed from a VG, and then the device is
  enabled again, vgck --updatemetadata is needed to clear the
  outdated PV before it can be used again, where it wasn't before.
  (lvconvert-repair-policy, lvconvert-repair-raid, lvconvert-repair,
   mirror-vgreduce-removemissing, pv-ext-flags, unlost-pv)

Reading bad/old metadata
------------------------

- "bad metadata": the mda_header or metadata text has invalid fields
  or can't be parsed by lvm.  This is a form of corruption that would
  not be caused by known failure scenarios.  A checksum error is
  typically included among the errors reported.

- "old metadata": a valid copy of the metadata that has a smaller seqno
  than other copies of the metadata.  This can happen if the device
  failed, or io failed, or lvm failed while commiting new metadata
  to all the metadata areas.  Old metadata on a PV that has been
  removed from the VG is the "outdated" case below.

When a VG has some PVs with bad/old metadata, lvm can simply ignore
the bad/old copies, and use a good copy.  This is why there are
multiple copies of the metadata -- so it's available even when some
of the copies cannot be used.  The bad/old copies do not have to be
repaired before the VG can be used (the repair can happen later.)

A PV with no good copies of the metadata simply falls back to being
treated like a PV with no mdas; a common and harmless configuration.

When bad/old metadata exists, lvm warns the user about it, and
suggests repairing it using a new metadata repair command.
Bad metadata in particular is something that users will want to
investigate and repair themselves, since it should not happen and
may indicate some other problem that needs to be fixed.

PVs with bad/old metadata are not the same as missing devices.
Missing devices will block various kinds of VG modification or
activation, but bad/old metadata will not.

Previously, lvm would attempt to repair bad/old metadata whenever
it was read.  This was unnecessary since lvm does not require every
copy of the metadata to be used.  It would also hide potential
problems that should be investigated by the user.  It was also
dangerous in cases where the VG was on shared storage.  The user
is now allowed to investigate potential problems and decide how
and when to repair them.

Repairing bad/old metadata
--------------------------

When label scan sees bad metadata in an mda, that mda is removed
from the lvmcache info->mdas list.  This means that vg_read will
skip it, and not attempt to read/process it again.  If it was
the only in-use mda on a PV, that PV is treated like a PV with
no mdas.  It also means that vg_write will also skip the bad mda,
and not attempt to write new metadata to it.  The only way to
repair bad metadata is with the metadata repair command.

When label scan sees old metadata in an mda, that mda is kept
in the lvmcache info->mdas list.  This means that vg_read will
read/process it again, and likely see the same mismatch with
the other copies of the metadata.  Like the label_scan, the
vg_read will simply ignore the old copy of the metadata and
use the latest copy.  If the command is modifying the vg
(e.g. lvcreate), then vg_write, which writes new metadata to
every mda on info->mdas, will write the new metadata to the
mda that had the old version.  If successful, this will resolve
the old metadata problem (without needing to run a metadata
repair command.)

Outdated PVs
------------

An outdated PV is a PV that has an old copy of VG metadata
that shows it is a member of the VG, but the latest copy of
the VG metadata does not include this PV.  This happens if
the PV is disconnected, vgreduce --removemissing is run to
remove the PV from the VG, then the PV is reconnected.
In this case, the outdated PV needs have its outdated metadata
removed and the PV used flag needs to be cleared.  This repair
will be done by the subsequent repair command.  It is also done
if vgremove is run on the VG.

MISSING PVs
-----------

When a device is missing, most commands will refuse to modify
the VG.  This is the simple case.  More complicated is when
a command is allowed to modify the VG while it is missing a
device.

When a VG is written while a device is missing for one of it's PVs,
the VG metadata is written to disk with the MISSING flag on the PV
with the missing device.  When the VG is next used, it is treated
as if the PV with the MISSING flag still has a missing device, even
if that device has reappeared.

If all LVs that were using a PV with the MISSING flag are removed
or repaired so that the MISSING PV is no longer used, then the
next time the VG metadata is written, the MISSING flag will be
dropped.

Alternative methods of clearing the MISSING flag are:

vgreduce --removemissing will remove PVs with missing devices,
or PVs with the MISSING flag where the device has reappeared.

vgextend --restoremissing will clear the MISSING flag on PVs
where the device has reappeared, allowing the VG to be used
normally.  This must be done with caution since the reappeared
device may have old data that is inconsistent with data on other PVs.

Bad mda repair
--------------

The new command:
vgck --updatemetadata VG

first uses vg_write to repair old metadata, and other basic
issues mentioned above (old metadata, outdated PVs, pv_header
flags, MISSING_PV flags).  It will also go further and repair
bad metadata:

. text metadata that has a bad checksum
. text metadata that is not parsable
. corrupt mda_header checksum and version fields

(To keep a clean diff, #if 0 is added around functions that
are replaced by new code.  These commented functions are
removed by the following commit.)
2019-06-07 15:54:04 -05:00
David Teigland
47effdc025 vgck --updatemetadata is a new command
uses vg_write to correct more common or less severe issues,
and also adds the ability to repair some metadata corruption
that couldn't be handled previously.
2019-06-07 15:54:04 -05:00
David Teigland
de3d3b11f4 move pv header repairs to vg_write
Correct PV header in-use or version fields
from vg_write instead of vg_read.
2019-06-07 15:54:04 -05:00
David Teigland
ab61a6d85d move wipe_outdated_pvs to vg_write
and implement it based on a device, not based
on a pv struct (which is not available when the
device is not a part of the vg.)

currently only the vgremove command wipes outdated
pvs until more advanced recovery is added in a
subsequent commit
2019-06-07 15:54:04 -05:00
David Teigland
86d831b916 change args for text label read function
Have the caller pass the label_sector to the read
function so the read function can set the sector
field in the label struct, instead of having the
read function return a pointer to the label for
the caller to set the sector field.

Also have the read function return a flag indicating
to the caller that the scanned device was identified
as a duplicate pv.
2019-06-07 15:54:04 -05:00