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Correct some things, e.g. set mode and policy on
the cache lv, not the pool, lvm.conf field for
mode changed.
Add smq which was missing.
Make the sections on cache mode and cache policy
consistent in structure and style.
We want most of our units to be started before any local/remote mount
points are mounted - we used {local,remote}-fs.target for this purpose
before, but it was not 100% correct as there's even {local,remote}-fs-pre.target
special systemd unit reserved for this exact purpose.
See also man 7 systemd.special and "local-fs-pre.target"/"remote-fs-pre.target"
description.
Replace the histogram stats subcommand with a --histogram switch
to enable histogram related fields for both list and report output.
To avoid overloading the existing --histogram rename it to --bounds:
this is also a better description of the option.
Make sure that correct 'dmstats create' messages are shown for all
examples and fix LV examples to use correct dmsetup output name
format (vg/lv -> vg-lv).
Improve the names and labels of stats reports columns, ensure that
the minimum field widths allow unambiguos labels to be shown and
update the man page descriptions of these fields.
Add support to dmstats to create and report histograms.
Add a --histogram switch to 'create' that accepts a string
description of bin boundaries and DR_STATS and DR_STATS_META fields
to report bin configuration and absolute and relative histogram
values:
hist_bins
hist_bounds
hist_ranges
hist_count
hist_count_bounds
hist_count_ranges
hist_percent
hist_percent_bounds
hist_percent_ranges
A new 'histogram' subcommand displays a report that emphasizes
histogram data as either counters or percentage values.
When dmstats is run with -v or higher enable a per-area reporting
mode for statistics regions. This will output one row per area
(rather than one row per region) and adds additional fields of use
when viewing areas:
area_id - index within the region assigned by libdm-stats
area_start - the start location of the area in the containing
device.
Add a pair of fields to expose the current per-interval duation
estimate. The 'interval' field provides a real value in units of
seconds and the 'interval_ns' field provides the same quantity
expressed as a whole number of nanoseconds.
The '--force' switch is only used by dmstats to allow either
creation or deletion of one or more regions on all devices.
These operations do not carry any risk: just a possible mess of
region IDs to be cleaned up.
Remove the use of '--force' for stats commands and change current
uses to a new '--alldevices' switch.
Add the libdm-stats module to libdm: this implements a simple interface
for creating, managing and interrogating I/O statistics regions and
areas on device-mapper devices.
The library interface is documented in libdevmapper.h and provides a
'dm_stats' handle that is used to perform statistics operations and
obtain data.
Public methods are provided to create and destroy handles and to list,
create, and destroy statistics regions as well as to obtain and parse
counter data and calculate rate-based metrics.
This commit also adds a 'dmsetup stats' (aka 'dmstats') command with
'clear', 'create', 'delete', 'list', 'print', and 'report' sub-commands.
See the library documentation and the dmstats.8 manual page for detailed
API and command descriptions.
Display comment abour value from existing config being used. For example:
$ lvmconfig --type full --withsummary report/compact_output report/buffered
# Configuration option report/compact_output.
# Do not print empty report fields.
# Value defined in existing configuration has been used for this setting.
compact_output=1
# Configuration option report/buffered.
# Buffer report output.
buffered=1
The lvmconfig --type full is actually a combination of --type current
and --type missing together with --mergedconfig options used.
The overall outcome is a configuration tree with settings as LVM sees
it when it looks for the values - that means, if the setting is defined
in some config source (lvm.conf, --config, lvmlocal.conf or any profile
that is used), the setting is used. Otherwise, if the setting is not
defined in any part of the config cascade, the defaults are used.
The --type full displays exactly this final tree with all the values
defined, either coming from configuration tree or from defaults.
We shouldn't be adding spaces by default in output as that
may be be used already in scripts and especially for the eval
in shell scripts where spaces are not allowed between key
and value!
Add --withspaces option to lvmconfig for pretty output with
more space in for readability.
This patch adds supporting code for handling deprecated settings.
Deprecated settings are not displayed by default in lvmconfig output
(except for --type current and --type diff). There's a new
"--showdeprecated" lvmconfig option to display them if needed.
Also, when using lvmconfig --withcomments, the comments with info
about deprecation are displayed for deprecated settings and with
lvmconfig --withversions, the version in which the setting was
deprecated is displayed in addition to the version of introduction.
If using --atversion with a version that is lower than the one
in which the setting was deprecated, the setting is then considered
as not deprecated (simply because at that version it was not
deprecated).
For example:
$ lvmconfig --type default activation
activation {
...
raid_region_size=512
...
}
$ lvmconfig --type default activation --showdeprecated
activation {
...
mirror_region_size=512
raid_region_size=512
...
}
$ lvmconfig --type default activation --showdeprecated --withversions
activation {
...
# Available since version 1.0.0.
# Deprecated since version 2.2.99.
mirror_region_size=512
# Available since version 2.2.99.
raid_region_size=512
...
}
$ lvmconfig --type default activation --showdeprecated --withcomments
activation {
...
# Configuration option activation/mirror_region_size.
# This has been replaced by the activation/raid_region_size
# setting.
# Size (in KB) of each copy operation when mirroring.
# This configuration option is deprecated.
mirror_region_size=512
# Configuration option activation/raid_region_size.
# Size in KiB of each raid or mirror synchronization region.
# For raid or mirror segment types, this is the amount of
# data that is copied at once when initializing, or moved
# at once by pvmove.
raid_region_size=512
...
}
$ lvmconfig --type default activation --withcomments --atversion 2.2.98
activation {
...
# Configuration option activation/mirror_region_size.
# Size (in KB) of each copy operation when mirroring.
mirror_region_size=512
...
}
These settings are in the "unsupported" group:
devices/loopfiles
log/activate_file
metadata/disk_areas (section)
metadata/disk_areas/<disk_area> (section)
metadata/disk_areas/<disk_area>/size
metadata/disk_areas/<disk_area>/id
These settings are in the "advanced" group:
devices/dir
devices/scan
devices/types
global/proc
activation/missing_stripe_filler
activation/mlock_filter
metadata/pvmetadatacopies
metadata/pvmetadataignore
metadata/stripesize
metadata/dirs
Also, this patch causes the --ignoreunsupported and --ignoreadvanced
switches to be honoured for all config types (lvmconfig --type).
By default, the --type current and --type diff display unsupported
settings, the other types ignore them - this patch also introduces
--showunsupported switch for all these other types to display even
unsupported settings in their output if needed.
lvmconfig --type list displays plain list of configuration settings.
Some of the existing decorations can be used (--withsummary and
--withversions) as well as existing options/switches (--ignoreadvanced,
--ignoreunsupported, --ignorelocal, --atversion).
For example (displaying only "config" section so the list is not long):
$lvmconfig --type list config
config/checks
config/abort_on_errors
config/profile_dir
$ lvmconfig --type list --withsummary config
config/checks - If enabled, any LVM configuration mismatch is reported.
config/abort_on_errors - Abort the LVM process if a configuration mismatch is found.
config/profile_dir - Directory where LVM looks for configuration profiles.
$ lvmconfig -l config
config/checks - If enabled, any LVM configuration mismatch is reported.
config/abort_on_errors - Abort the LVM process if a configuration mismatch is found.
config/profile_dir - Directory where LVM looks for configuration profiles.
$ lvmconfig --type list --withsummary --withversions config
config/checks - If enabled, any LVM configuration mismatch is reported. [2.2.99]
config/abort_on_errors - Abort the LVM process if a configuration mismatch is found. [2.2.99]
config/profile_dir - Directory where LVM looks for configuration profiles. [2.2.99]
Example with --atversion (displaying global section):
$ lvmconfig --type list global
global/umask
global/test
global/units
global/si_unit_consistency
global/suffix
global/activation
global/fallback_to_lvm1
global/format
global/format_libraries
global/segment_libraries
global/proc
global/etc
global/locking_type
global/wait_for_locks
global/fallback_to_clustered_locking
global/fallback_to_local_locking
global/locking_dir
global/prioritise_write_locks
global/library_dir
global/locking_library
global/abort_on_internal_errors
global/detect_internal_vg_cache_corruption
global/metadata_read_only
global/mirror_segtype_default
global/raid10_segtype_default
global/sparse_segtype_default
global/lvdisplay_shows_full_device_path
global/use_lvmetad
global/thin_check_executable
global/thin_dump_executable
global/thin_repair_executable
global/thin_check_options
global/thin_repair_options
global/thin_disabled_features
global/cache_check_executable
global/cache_dump_executable
global/cache_repair_executable
global/cache_check_options
global/cache_repair_options
global/system_id_source
global/system_id_file
$ lvmconfig --type list global --atversion 2.2.50
global/umask
global/test
global/units
global/suffix
global/activation
global/fallback_to_lvm1
global/format
global/format_libraries
global/segment_libraries
global/proc
global/locking_type
global/wait_for_locks
global/fallback_to_clustered_locking
global/fallback_to_local_locking
global/locking_dir
global/library_dir
global/locking_library
'lvm dumpconfig' now does a lot more than just dumping configuration
information and is no longer only a support tool. Users now need
to run it to find out about configuration information that has been
removed from the lvm.conf man page so we need to promote this to full
command line status as 'lvmconfig'. Also accept 'lvm config' and mention
it in the usage information of lvmconf (which should also get merged in
eventually).
The specific config settings have been removed
from the lvm.conf(5) man page, and replaced with
a description of how to use lvm dumpconfig to
view the settings.
The sample lvm.conf and lvmlocal.conf files are now generated:
example.conf.base - initial ungenerated part of the file
example.conf.gen - generated portion from dumpconfig
example.conf.in - combination of .base and .gen files
example.conf - result of configure processing .in file
lvmlocal.conf.base - initial ungenerated part of the file
lvmlocal.conf.gen - generated portion from dumpconfig
lvmlocal.conf.in - combination of .base and .gen files
lvmlocal.conf - result of configure processing .in file
Do not edit the .in files, but edit config_settings.h
or the .base files, and then use 'make generate' to create
the new .in files.
- configure
with options
- make
creates tools/lvm
- make generate
uses tools/lvm to create example.conf.in and lvmlocal.conf.in
by combining .base files with dumpconfig output.
- configure
with same options as above
creates example.conf and lvmlocal.conf from .in files
--withfullcomments prints all comment lines for each config option.
--withcomments prints only the first comment line, which should be
a short one-line summary of the option.
This patch adds new options to lvmconf:
--enable-halvm (just like --enable-cluster, but configure LVM
for use in HA LVM - meaning disabling lvmetad and
making sure we have locking_type=1)
--disable-halvm (just like --disable-cluster, but configure LVM
back from HA LVM - meaning enabling lvmetad if
it's enabled by default and making sure we have
default locking type set)
--services (causes clvmd and lvmetad services to be enabled or
disabled appropriately and conforming to the changes
in lvm configuration we've just made with lvmconf)
--mirrorservice (in addition to clvmd and lvmetad services, also
enable or disable cmirrord service appropriately;
this is a separate option because cmirrord is
optional and it doesn't need to be always enabled
when clvmd is enabled)
--startstopservices (in addition to enabling or disabling services,
start and stop these services immediately)
These options are supposed to help users to make their system ready
for cluster with clvmd (active-active) or HA LVM (active-passive) use
while lvmconf script can handle services as well so users don't need
to bother about setting them manually.
Also, before this patch, we hardcoded global/use_lvmetad=0 as default
value in lvmconf script. Howeverm this default may change by just
flipping the value in config_settings.h and we may forget to edit
the lvmconf. It's better to use lvm dumpconfig --type default global/use_lvmetad
to get the actual default value and use this one instead of hardcoded one.
There is no reason to support persistent major/minor numbers
for pool volumes - it's only meant to be supported for filesystems
(since i.e. nfs may need to keep volume on a persistent device node.)
Support for pools is now explicitely disabled and documented.
Previous versions of lvm will not obey the restrictions
imposed by the new system_id, and would allow such a VG
to be written. So, a VG with a new system_id is further
changed to force previous lvm versions to treat it as
read-only. This is done by removing the WRITE flag from
the metadata status line of these VGs, and putting a new
WRITE_LOCKED flag in the flags line of the metadata.
Versions of lvm that recognize WRITE_LOCKED, also obey the
new system_id. For these lvm versions, WRITE_LOCKED is
identical to WRITE, and the rules associated with matching
system_id's are imposed.
A new VG lock_type field is also added that causes the same
WRITE/WRITE_LOCKED transformation when set. A previous
version of lvm will also see a VG with lock_type as read-only.
Versions of lvm that recognize WRITE_LOCKED, must also obey
the lock_type setting. Until the lock_type feature is added,
lvm will fail to read any VG with lock_type set and report an
error about an unsupported lock_type. Once the lock_type
feature is added, lvm will allow VGs with lock_type to be
used according to the rules imposed by the lock_type.
When both system_id and lock_type settings are removed, a VG
is written with the old WRITE status flag, and without the
new WRITE_LOCKED flag. This allows old versions of lvm to
use the VG as before.
In log messages refer to it as system ID (not System ID).
Do not put quotes around the system_id string when printing.
On the command line use systemid.
In code, metadata, and config files use system_id.
In lvmsystemid refer to the concept/entity as system_id.
The LVM_COMMAND_PROFILE env var is new - mention it in dumpconfig's
man page.
Also, dumpconfig always displays the top of the config cascade.
To display all the config found in the cascade merged (just like
it's used during LVM command processing), --mergedconfig option
must be used - this one's already described in that man page,
just make sure it's clear and add reference for this option also
in --profile/--commandprofile/--metadataprofile description.
Once LVM_COMMAND_PROFILE environment variable is specified, the profile
referenced is used just like it was specified using "<lvm command> --commandprofile".
If both --commandprofile cmd line option and LVM_COMMAND_PROFILE env
var is used, the --commandprofile cmd line option gets preference.
If pvscan is run with device path instead of major:minor pair and this
device still exists in the system and the device is not visible anymore
(due to a filter that is applied), notify lvmetad properly about this.
This makes it more consistent with respect to existing pvscan with
major:minor which already notifies lvmetad about device that is gone
due to filters.
However, if the device is not in the system anymore, we're not able
to translate the original device path into major:minor pair which
lvmetad needs for its action (lvmetad_pv_gone fn). So in this case,
we still need to use major:minor pair only, not device path. But at
least make "pvscan --cache DevicePath" as near as possible to "pvscan
--cahce <major>:<minor>" functionality.
Also add a note to pvscan man page about this difference when using
pvscan --cache with DevicePath and major:minor pair.
The {pv,vg,lv}display commands don't use reporting capabilites and
as such they can't use --binary. This got into the man pages by
mistake - the display commands do not recognize --binary option.
- closer to the recommendation of man-pages (7) if possible
- Add crossrefs
- Sort options and crossrefs
- Fix default timeout (60 secs) of -t
- Documents -I[auto]
Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
- Closer to the recommendation of man-pages and groff_man (7) if
possible
- Sort options and crossrefs
- Relocate sub-options on the right places
Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
lvcreate of thin pools can now use '-n lv vg' like other lv types,
or it can name the new thin pool in the free arg as 'vg/lv', which
is not allowed with other lv types.
The cache mode of a new cache pool is always explicitly
included in the vg metadata. If a cache mode is not
specified on the command line, the cache mode is taken
from lvm.conf allocation/cache_pool_cachemode, which
defaults to "writethrough".
The cache mode can be displayed with lvs -o+cachemode.
Previously, this was the recommended form for creating a thin pool:
lvconvert --thinpool VG/ThinDataLV --poolmetadata VG/ThinMetaLV
but this is confusing, because --thinpool does not actually take
an arg, and is more naturally used to specify an existing thin pool.
The new recommended form is:
lvconvert --type thin-pool --poolmetadata VG/ThinMetaLV VG/ThinDataLV
Previously, this was the recommended form for creating a cache pool:
lvconvert --cachepool VG/CacheDataLV --poolmetadata VG/CacheMetaLV
but this is confusing, because --cachepool does not actually take
an arg, and is more natually used to specify an existing cache pool.
The new recommended form is:
lvconvert --type cache-pool --poolmetadata VG/CacheMetaLV VG/CacheDataLV
This patch adds a new flag --deferred to dmsetup remove. If this flag is
specified and the device is open, it is scheduled to be deleted on
close.
struct dm_info is extended.
The existing dm_task_get_info() is converted into a wrapper around the
new version dm_task_get_info_with_deferred_remove() so existing binaries
can still use the old smaller structure.
Recompiled code will pick up the new larger structure.
From: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Currently, we have two modes of activation, an unnamed nominal mode
(which I will refer to as "complete") and "partial" mode. The
"complete" mode requires that a volume group be 'complete' - that
is, no missing PVs. If there are any missing PVs, no affected LVs
are allowed to activate - even RAID LVs which might be able to
tolerate a failure. The "partial" mode allows anything to be
activated (or at least attempted). If a non-redundant LV is
missing a portion of its addressable space due to a device failure,
it will be replaced with an error target. RAID LVs will either
activate or fail to activate depending on how badly their
redundancy is compromised.
This patch adds a third option, "degraded" mode. This mode can
be selected via the '--activationmode {complete|degraded|partial}'
option to lvchange/vgchange. It can also be set in lvm.conf.
The "degraded" activation mode allows RAID LVs with a sufficient
level of redundancy to activate (e.g. a RAID5 LV with one device
failure, a RAID6 with two device failures, or RAID1 with n-1
failures). RAID LVs with too many device failures are not allowed
to activate - nor are any non-redundant LVs that may have been
affected. This patch also makes the "degraded" mode the default
activation mode.
The degraded activation mode does not yet work in a cluster. A
new cluster lock flag (LCK_DEGRADED_MODE) will need to be created
to make that work. Currently, there is limited space for this
extra flag and I am looking for possible solutions. One possible
solution is to usurp LCK_CONVERT, as it is not used. When the
locking_type is 3, the degraded mode flag simply gets dropped and
the old ("complete") behavior is exhibited.
The --binary option, if used, causes all the binary values reported
in reporting commands to be displayed as "0" or "1" instead of descriptive
literal values (value "unknown" is still used for values that could not be
determined).
Also, add report/binary_values_as_numeric lvm.conf option with the same
functionality as the --binary option (the --binary option prevails
if both --binary cmd option and report/binary_values_as_numeric lvm.conf
option is used at the same time). The report/binary_values_as_numeric is
also profilable.
This makes it easier to use and check lvm reporting command output in scripts.
pvmove can be used to move single LVs by name or multiple LVs that
lie within the specified PV range (e.g. /dev/sdb1:0-1000). When
moving more than one LV, the portions of those LVs that are in the
range to be moved are added to a new temporary pvmove LV. The LVs
then point to the range in the pvmove LV, rather than the PV
range.
Example 1:
We have two LVs in this example. After they were
created, the first LV was grown, yeilding two segments
in LV1. So, there are two LVs with a total of three
segments.
Before pvmove:
--------- --------- ---------
| LV1s0 | | LV2s0 | | LV1s1 |
--------- --------- ---------
| | |
-------------------------------------
PV | 000 - 255 | 256 - 511 | 512 - 767 |
-------------------------------------
After pvmove inserts the temporary pvmove LV:
--------- --------- ---------
| LV1s0 | | LV2s0 | | LV1s1 |
--------- --------- ---------
| | |
-------------------------------------
pvmove0 | seg 0 | seg 1 | seg 2 |
-------------------------------------
| | |
-------------------------------------
PV | 000 - 255 | 256 - 511 | 512 - 767 |
-------------------------------------
Each of the affected LV segments now point to a
range of blocks in the pvmove LV, which purposefully
corresponds to the segments moved from the original
LVs into the temporary pvmove LV.
The current implementation goes on from here to mirror the temporary
pvmove LV by segment. Further, as the pvmove LV is activated, only
one of its segments is actually mirrored (i.e. "moving") at a time.
The rest are either complete or not addressed yet. If the pvmove
is aborted, those segments that are completed will remain on the
destination and those that are not yet addressed or in the process
of moving will stay on the source PV. Thus, it is possible to have
a partially completed move - some LVs (or certain segments of LVs)
on the source PV and some on the destination.
Example 2:
What 'example 1' might look if it was half-way
through the move.
--------- --------- ---------
| LV1s0 | | LV2s0 | | LV1s1 |
--------- --------- ---------
| | |
-------------------------------------
pvmove0 | seg 0 | seg 1 | seg 2 |
-------------------------------------
| | |
| -------------------------
source PV | | 256 - 511 | 512 - 767 |
| -------------------------
| ||
-------------------------
dest PV | 000 - 255 | 256 - 511 |
-------------------------
This update allows the user to specify that they would like the
pvmove mirror created "by LV" rather than "by segment". That is,
the pvmove LV becomes an image in an encapsulating mirror along
with the allocated copy image.
Example 3:
A pvmove that is performed "by LV" rather than "by segment".
--------- ---------
| LV1s0 | | LV2s0 |
--------- ---------
| |
-------------------------
pvmove0 | * LV-level mirror * |
-------------------------
/ \
pvmove_mimage0 / pvmove_mimage1
------------------------- -------------------------
| seg 0 | seg 1 | | seg 0 | seg 1 |
------------------------- -------------------------
| | | |
------------------------- -------------------------
| 000 - 255 | 256 - 511 | | 000 - 255 | 256 - 511 |
------------------------- -------------------------
source PV dest PV
The thing that differentiates a pvmove done in this way and a simple
"up-convert" from linear to mirror is the preservation of the
distinct segments. A normal up-convert would simply allocate the
necessary space with no regard for segment boundaries. The pvmove
operation must preserve the segments because they are the critical
boundary between the segments of the LVs being moved. So, when the
pvmove copy image is allocated, all corresponding segments must be
allocated. The code that merges ajoining segments that are part of
the same LV when the metadata is written must also be avoided in
this case. This method of mirroring is unique enough to warrant its
own definitional macro, MIRROR_BY_SEGMENTED_LV. This joins the two
existing macros: MIRROR_BY_SEG (for original pvmove) and MIRROR_BY_LV
(for user created mirrors).
The advantages of performing pvmove in this way is that all of the
LVs affected can be moved together. It is an all-or-nothing approach
that leaves all LV segments on the source PV if the move is aborted.
Additionally, a mirror log can be used (in the future) to provide tracking
of progress; allowing the copy to continue where it left off in the event
there is a deactivation.
Let's use the size of origin as the real base for percenta calculation,
and 'silenly' add needed metadata space for snapshot.
So now command 'lvcreate -s -l100%ORIGIN vg/lv' should always create a
snapshot to handle full device overwrite.
Expresing -lXX%LV is not valid for snapshot, but error message for
snapshost case was not complete and missed %ORIGIN.
Also document correct settings for in manpage properly where
it missed %PVS.
More updates to manglename option.
Add reference to LVM2 resource page, since for a long time,
this is the right places for sources for libdevmapper....
Warn when --udevcookie/DM_UDEV_COOKIE is used with 'dmsetup remove --force'.
When command is doing multiple ioctl operations on a single device,
it may invoke udev activity, that is colliding with further ioctl commands.
The result of such operation becomes unpredictable.
Use of --retry could partially help...
When MAN7, MAN8CLUSTER or MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS would be empty,
don't call respective INSTALL tools.
On older systems they even generate error causing abort
of makefile target.
Since decisions in the silent mode may not be always obvious,
print skipped prompt with answer 'n'.
Also document '-qq' behaviour (single -q only shuts
logging, while -qq sets silent mode).
- better add reference to lvm dumpconfig --type default
than stating that lvmetad is not enabled by default
- substitute #DEFAULT_PID_DIR# with concrete value
This is sort of info we always ask people to retrieve when
inspecting problems in systemd environment so let's have this
as part of lvmdump directly.
The -s option does not need to be bound to systemd only. We could
add support for initscripts or any other system-wide/service tracking
info that can help us with debugging problems.
Sort order for -C|--columns as with other options,
and use short capital name as the first (as with other options).
Also drop multiple reference for pvs/lvs/vgs, since now
the text for -C is really close to referrence of lvm anyway.
The PV size is displayed in sectors, not kilobytes
for 'pvdisplay -c'
Signed-off-by: Thomas Fehr <fehr@suse.de>
Acked-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
man/lvm2-activation-generator.8:
Generator Specification -> Generators Specification
(this is the exact word in the systemd man page)
conf/example.conf.in:
cleanup recent edits related to report section
man/lvm.conf.5:
add a line about a possibility to generate a new
profile with lvm dumpconfig command as an alternative
to copying the default profile
This breaks brew/koji as DESTDIR should not be contained in any file and
results in message like:
+ /usr/lib/rpm/check-buildroot
/builddir/build/BUILDROOT/lvm2-2.02.106-0.311.el7.x86_64/usr/share/man/man8/lvm2-activation-generator.8:.B /builddir/build/BUILDROOT/lvm2-2.02.106-0.311.el7.x86_64/usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/lvm2-activation-generator
Found '/builddir/build/BUILDROOT/lvm2-2.02.106-0.311.el7.x86_64' in installed files; aborting
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.UfX2SX (%install)
While stripe size is twice the physical extent size,
the original code will not reduce stripe size to maximum
(physical extent size).
Signed-off-by: Zhiqing Zhang <zhangzq.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Start to convert percentage size handling in lvresize to the new
standard. Note in the man pages that this code is incomplete.
Fix a regression in non-percentage allocation in my last check in.
This is what I am aiming for:
-l<extents>
-l<percent> LV/ORIGIN
sets or changes the LV size based on the specified quantity
of logical logical extents (that might be backed by
a higher number of physical extents)
-l<percent> PVS/VG/FREE
sets or changes the LV size so as to allocate or free the
desired quantity of physical extents (that might amount to a
lower number of logical extents for the LV concerned)
-l+50%FREE - Use up half the remaining free space in the VG when
carrying out this operation.
-l50%VG - After this operation, this LV should be using up half the
space in the VG.
-l200%LV - Double the logical size of this LV.
-l+100%LV - Double the logical size of this LV.
-l-50%LV - Reduce the logical size of this LV by half.
There are typically 2 functions for the more advanced segment types that
deal with parameters in lvcreate.c: _get_*_params() and _check_*_params().
(Not all segment types name their functions according to this scheme.)
The former function is responsible for reading parameters before the VG
has been read. The latter is for sanity checking and possibly setting
parameters after the VG has been read.
This patch adds a _check_raid_parameters() function that will determine
if the user has specified 'stripe' or 'mirror' parameters. If not, the
proper number is computed from the list of PVs the user has supplied or
the number that are available in the VG. Now that _check_raid_parameters()
is available, we move the check for proper number of stripes from
_get_* to _check_*.
This gives the user the ability to create RAID LVs as follows:
# 5-device RAID5, 4-data, 1-parity (i.e. implicit '-i 4')
~> lvcreate --type raid5 -L 100G -n lv vg /dev/sd[abcde]1
# 5-device RAID6, 3-data, 2-parity (i.e. implicit '-i 3')
~> lvcreate --type raid6 -L 100G -n lv vg /dev/sd[abcde]1
# If 5 PVs in VG, 4-data, 1-parity RAID5
~> lvcreate --type raid5 -L 100G -n lv vg
Considerations:
This patch only affects RAID. It might also be useful to apply this to
the 'stripe' segment type. LVM RAID may include RAID0 at some point in
the future and the implicit stripes would apply there. It would be odd
to have RAID0 be able to auto-determine the stripe count while 'stripe'
could not.
The only draw-back of this patch that I can see is that there might be
less error checking. Rather than informing the user that they forgot
to supply an argument (e.g. '-i'), the value would be computed and it
may differ from what the user actually wanted. I don't see this as a
problem, because the user can check the device count after creation
and remove the LV if they have made an error.
I've added an "Advanced Logical Volume Types" section that I hope
to contain information on the logical volume types that may use
multiple steps and multiple commands to create. Cache is the
first entry into this section. I'd like to see thin and RAID in
here in the future.
Update the man page so the user knows that dm-cache 1.3.0 module
is needed. Also, enforce that in the code and print a warning if
the module is not new enough.
Test LVM_LVMETAD_PIDFILE for pid for lvm command.
Fix WHATS_NEW envvar name usage
Fix init order in prepare_lvmetad to respect set vars
and avoid clash with system settings.
Update test to really test the 'is running' message.
Introduce FMT_OBSOLETE to identify pool metadata and use it and FMT_MDAS
instead of hard-coded format names.
Explain device accesses on pvscan --cache man page.
Make it easier to run a live lvmetad in debugging mode and
to avoid conflicts if multiple test instances need to be run
alongside a live one.
No longer require -s when -f is used: use built-in default.
Add -p to lvmetad to specify the pid file.
No longer disable pidfile if -f used to run in foreground.
If specified socket file appears to be genuine but stale, remove it
before use.
On error, only remove lvmetad socket file if created by the same
process. (Previous code removes socket even while a running instance
is using it!)
Before, pvscan recognized either:
pvscan --cache --major <major> --minor <minor>
or
pvscan --cache <DevicePath>
When the device is gone and we need to notify lvmetad about device
removal, only --major/--minor works as we can't translate DevicePath
into major/minor pair anymore. The device does not exist in the system
and we don't keep DevicePath index in lvmetad cache to make the
translation internally into original major/minor pair. It would be
useless to keep this index just for this one exact case.
There's nothing bad about using "--major <major> --minor <minor>",
but it makes our life a bit harder when trying to make an
interconnection with systemd units, mainly with instantiated services
where only one and only one arg can be passed (which is encoded in the
service name).
This patch tries to make this easier by adding support for recognizing
the "<major>:<minor>" as a shortcut for the longer form
"--major <major> --minor <minor>". The rule here is simple: if the argument
starts with "/", it's a DevicePath, otherwise it's a <major>:<minor> pair.
Accept --ignoreskippedcluster with pvs, vgs, lvs, pvdisplay, vgdisplay,
lvdisplay, vgchange and lvchange to avoid the 'Skipping clustered
VG' errors when requesting information about a clustered VG
without using clustered locking and still exit with success.
The messages can still be seen with -v.
lvmetad is not yet supported in clustered environment so
disable it automatically if using lvmconf --enable-cluster
and reset it to default value if using lvmconf --disable-cluster.
Also, add a few comments in lvm.conf about locking_type vs. use_lvmetad
if setting it for clustered environment.
Add internal devtypes reporting command to display built-in recognised
block device types. (The output does not include any additional
types added by a configuration file.)
> lvm devtypes -o help
Device Types Fields
-------------------
devtype_all - All fields in this section.
devtype_name - Name of Device Type exactly as it appears in /proc/devices.
devtype_max_partitions - Maximum number of partitions. (How many device minor numbers get reserved for each device.)
devtype_description - Description of Device Type.
> lvm devtypes
DevType MaxParts Description
aoe 16 ATA over Ethernet
ataraid 16 ATA Raid
bcache 1 bcache block device cache
blkext 1 Extended device partitions
...
Udev daemon has recently introduced a limit on the number of udev
processes (there was no limit before). This causes a problem
when calling pvscan --cache -aay in lvmetad udev rules which
is supposed to activate the volumes. This activation is itself
synced with udev and so it waits for the activation to complete
before the pvscan finishes. The event processing can't continue
until this pvscan call is finished.
But if we're at the limit with the udev process count, we can't
instatiate any more udev processes, all such events are queued
and so we can't process the lvm activation event for which the
pvscan is waiting.
Then we're in a deadlock since the udev process with the
pvscan --cache -aay call waits for the lvm activation udev
processing to complete, but that will never happen as there's
this limit hit with the number of udev processes.
The process with pvscan --cache -aay actually times out eventually
(3min or 30sec, depends on the version of udev).
This patch makes it possible to run the pvscan --cache -aay
in the background so the udev processing can continue and hence
we can avoid the deadlock mentioned above.
The patch allows the user to also pvmove snapshots and origin logical
volumes. This means pvmove should be able to move all segment types.
I have, however, disallowed moving converting or merging logical volumes.
This patch allows pvmove to operate on RAID, mirror and thin LVs.
The key component is the ability to avoid moving a RAID or mirror
sub-LV onto a PV that already has another RAID sub-LV on it.
(e.g. Avoid placing both images of a RAID1 LV on the same PV.)
Top-level LVs are processed to determine which PVs to avoid for
the sake of redundancy, while bottom-level LVs are processed
to determine which segments/extents to move.
This approach does have some drawbacks. By eliminating whole PVs
from the allocation list, we might miss the opportunity to perform
pvmove in some senarios. For example, if we have 3 devices and
a linear uses half of the first, a RAID1 uses half of the first and
half of the second, and a linear uses half of the third (FIGURE 1);
we should be able to pvmove the first device (FIGURE 2).
FIGURE 1:
[ linear ] [ -RAID- ] [ linear ]
[ -RAID- ] [ ] [ ]
FIGURE 2:
[ moved ] [ -RAID- ] [ linear ]
[ moved ] [ linear ] [ -RAID- ]
However, the approach we are using would eliminate the second
device from consideration and would leave us with too little space
for allocation. In these situations, the user does have the ability
to specify LVs and move them one at a time.
The blkdeactivate now suppresses error messages from external
tools that are called. Instead, only a summary message "done"
or "skipped" is issued by blkdeactivate as any error in calling
the external tool (e.g. unmounting or deactivating a device) causes
the device to be skipped and the blkdeactivate continues with the
next device in the tree.
Add new -e/--errors switch to display any error messages from
external tools.
Also, suppress any output given by the external tools and add
new -v/--verbose switch to display it including the verbose
output of the tools called (this will enable error reporting
as well).
Also add blkdeactivate -vv for even more debug (the script's debug).
Some of the names for various RAID options have been changed and the man
pages need to reflect it.
lvcreate:
from: minrecoveryrate to: [raid]minrecoveryrate
from: maxrecoveryrate to: [raid]maxrecoveryrate
* plus better clarity on what the arg to these options is
specifying
lvchange:
from: minrecoveryrate to: [raid]minrecoveryrate
from: maxrecoveryrate to: [raid]maxrecoveryrate
* plus better clarity on what the arg to these options is
specifying
from: syncaction to: [raid]syncaction
from: writebehind to [raid]writebehind
* plus change arg from BehindCount to IO/count
from: writemostly to: [raid]writemostly
* plus addition to document [:{t|n|y}] option
lvs:
from: mismatches to: raid_mismatch_count
from: sync_action to: raid_sync_action
add : raid_min|max_recovery_rate, raid_write_behind
Add --poolmetadataspare option and creates and handles
pool metadata spare lv when thin pool is created.
With default setting 'y' it tries to ensure, spare has
at least the size of created LV.
The lvchange has both -k/--setactivationskip and
-K/--ignoreactivationskip option available for use.
The vgchange has only -K/--ignoreactivationskip, but
not the -k/--setactivationskip as the ACTIVATION_SKIP
flag is an LV property, not a VG one and so we change it
only by using the lvchange...
Also add -k/--setactivationskip y/n and -K/--ignoreactivationskip
options to lvcreate.
The --setactivationskip y sets the flag in metadata for an LV to
skip the LV during activation. Also, the newly created LV is not
activated.
Thin snapsots have this flag set automatically if not specified
directly by the --setactivationskip y/n option.
The --ignoreactivationskip overrides the activation skip flag set
in metadata for an LV (just for the run of the command - the flag
is not changed in metadata!)
A few examples for the lvcreate with the new options:
(non-thin snap LV => skip flag not set in MDA + LV activated)
raw/~ $ lvcreate -l1 vg
Logical volume "lvol0" created
raw/~ $ lvs -o lv_name,attr vg/lvol0
LV Attr
lvol0 -wi-a----
(non-thin snap LV + -ky => skip flag set in MDA + LV not activated)
raw/~ $ lvcreate -l1 -ky vg
Logical volume "lvol1" created
raw/~ $ lvs -o lv_name,attr vg/lvol1
LV Attr
lvol1 -wi------
(non-thin snap LV + -ky + -K => skip flag set in MDA + LV activated)
raw/~ $ lvcreate -l1 -ky -K vg
Logical volume "lvol2" created
raw/~ $ lvs -o lv_name,attr vg/lvol2
LV Attr
lvol2 -wi-a----
(thin snap LV => skip flag set in MDA (default behaviour) + LV not activated)
raw/~ $ lvcreate -L100M -T vg/pool -V 1T -n thin_lv
Logical volume "thin_lv" created
raw/~ $ lvcreate -s vg/thin_lv -n thin_snap
Logical volume "thin_snap" created
raw/~ $ lvs -o name,attr vg
LV Attr
pool twi-a-tz-
thin_lv Vwi-a-tz-
thin_snap Vwi---tz-
(thin snap LV + -K => skip flag set in MDA (default behaviour) + LV activated)
raw/~ $ lvcreate -s vg/thin_lv -n thin_snap -K
Logical volume "thin_snap" created
raw/~ $ lvs -o name,attr vg/thin_lv
LV Attr
thin_lv Vwi-a-tz-
(thins snap LV + -kn => no skip flag in MDA (default behaviour overridden) + LV activated)
[0] raw/~ # lvcreate -s vg/thin_lv -n thin_snap -kn
Logical volume "thin_snap" created
[0] raw/~ # lvs -o name,attr vg/thin_snap
LV Attr
thin_snap Vwi-a-tz-
Document following items:
configuration cascade (man lvm.conf)
--profile ProfileName (man lvm)
--detachprofile (man vgchange/lvchange)
-o vg_profile/lv_profile (man vgs/lvs)
Also document --config a bit so we can see where it fits in the
configuration cascade - will be documented more in following commit...
Add support for lvresize of thin pool metadata device.
lvresize --poolmetadatasize +20 vgname/thinpool_lv
or
lvresize -L +20 vgname/thinpool_lv_tmeta
Where the second one allows all the args for resize (striping...)
and the first option resizes accoding to the last metadata lv segment.
This patch adds the ability to set the minimum and maximum I/O rate for
sync operations in RAID LVs. The options are available for 'lvcreate' and
'lvchange' and are as follows:
--minrecoveryrate <Rate> [bBsSkKmMgG]
--maxrecoveryrate <Rate> [bBsSkKmMgG]
The rate is specified in size/sec/device. If a suffix is not given,
kiB/sec/device is assumed. Setting the rate to 0 removes the preference.
Accept --yes on all commands, even ones that don't today have prompts,
so that test scripts that don't care about interactive prompts no
longer need to deal with them.
But continue to mention --yes only in the command prototypes that
actually use it.
'lvchange' is used to alter a RAID 1 logical volume's write-mostly and
write-behind characteristics. The '--writemostly' parameter takes a
PV as an argument with an optional trailing character to specify whether
to set ('y'), unset ('n'), or toggle ('t') the value. If no trailing
character is given, it will set the flag.
Synopsis:
lvchange [--writemostly <PV>:{t|y|n}] [--writebehind <count>] vg/lv
Example:
lvchange --writemostly /dev/sdb1:y --writebehind 512 vg/raid1_lv
The last character in the 'lv_attr' field is used to show whether a device
has the WriteMostly flag set. It is signified with a 'w'. If the device
has failed, the 'p'artial flag has priority.
Example ("nosync" raid1 with mismatch_cnt and writemostly):
[~]# lvs -a --segment vg
LV VG Attr #Str Type SSize
raid1 vg Rwi---r-m 2 raid1 500.00m
[raid1_rimage_0] vg Iwi---r-- 1 linear 500.00m
[raid1_rimage_1] vg Iwi---r-w 1 linear 500.00m
[raid1_rmeta_0] vg ewi---r-- 1 linear 4.00m
[raid1_rmeta_1] vg ewi---r-- 1 linear 4.00m
Example (raid1 with mismatch_cnt, writemostly - but failed drive):
[~]# lvs -a --segment vg
LV VG Attr #Str Type SSize
raid1 vg rwi---r-p 2 raid1 500.00m
[raid1_rimage_0] vg Iwi---r-- 1 linear 500.00m
[raid1_rimage_1] vg Iwi---r-p 1 linear 500.00m
[raid1_rmeta_0] vg ewi---r-- 1 linear 4.00m
[raid1_rmeta_1] vg ewi---r-p 1 linear 4.00m
A new reportable field has been added for writebehind as well. If
write-behind has not been set or the LV is not RAID1, the field will
be blank.
Example (writebehind is set):
[~]# lvs -a -o name,attr,writebehind vg
LV Attr WBehind
lv rwi-a-r-- 512
[lv_rimage_0] iwi-aor-w
[lv_rimage_1] iwi-aor--
[lv_rmeta_0] ewi-aor--
[lv_rmeta_1] ewi-aor--
Example (writebehind is not set):
[~]# lvs -a -o name,attr,writebehind vg
LV Attr WBehind
lv rwi-a-r--
[lv_rimage_0] iwi-aor-w
[lv_rimage_1] iwi-aor--
[lv_rmeta_0] ewi-aor--
[lv_rmeta_1] ewi-aor--
New options to 'lvchange' allow users to scrub their RAID LVs.
Synopsis:
lvchange --syncaction {check|repair} vg/raid_lv
RAID scrubbing is the process of reading all the data and parity blocks in
an array and checking to see whether they are coherent. 'lvchange' can
now initaite the two scrubbing operations: "check" and "repair". "check"
will go over the array and recored the number of discrepancies but not
repair them. "repair" will correct the discrepancies as it finds them.
'lvchange --syncaction repair vg/raid_lv' is not to be confused with
'lvconvert --repair vg/raid_lv'. The former initiates a background
synchronization operation on the array, while the latter is designed to
repair/replace failed devices in a mirror or RAID logical volume.
Additional reporting has been added for 'lvs' to support the new
operations. Two new printable fields (which are not printed by
default) have been added: "syncaction" and "mismatches". These
can be accessed using the '-o' option to 'lvs', like:
lvs -o +syncaction,mismatches vg/lv
"syncaction" will print the current synchronization operation that the
RAID volume is performing. It can be one of the following:
- idle: All sync operations complete (doing nothing)
- resync: Initializing an array or recovering after a machine failure
- recover: Replacing a device in the array
- check: Looking for array inconsistencies
- repair: Looking for and repairing inconsistencies
The "mismatches" field with print the number of descrepancies found during
a check or repair operation.
The 'Cpy%Sync' field already available to 'lvs' will print the progress
of any of the above syncactions, including check and repair.
Finally, the lv_attr field has changed to accomadate the scrubbing operations
as well. The role of the 'p'artial character in the lv_attr report field
as expanded. "Partial" is really an indicator for the health of a
logical volume and it makes sense to extend this include other health
indicators as well, specifically:
'm'ismatches: Indicates that there are discrepancies in a RAID
LV. This character is shown after a scrubbing
operation has detected that portions of the RAID
are not coherent.
'r'efresh : Indicates that a device in a RAID array has suffered
a failure and the kernel regards it as failed -
even though LVM can read the device label and
considers the device to be ok. The LV should be
'r'efreshed to notify the kernel that the device is
now available, or the device should be 'r'eplaced
if it is suspected of failing.
Add basic support for converting LV into an external origin volume.
Syntax:
lvconvert --thinpool vg/pool --originname renamed_origin -T origin
It will convert volume 'origin' into a thin volume, which will
use 'renamed_origin' as an external read-only origin.
All read/write into origin will go via 'pool'.
renamed_origin volume is read-only volume, that could be activated
only in read-only mode, and cannot be modified.
When there are missing PVs in a volume group, most operations that alter
the LVM metadata are disallowed. It turns out that 'vgimport' is one of
those disallowed operations. This is bad because it creates a circular
dependency. 'vgimport' will complain that the VG is inconsistent and that
'vgreduce --removemissing' must be run. However, 'vgreduce' cannot be run
because it has not been imported. Therefore, 'vgimport' must be one of
the operations allowed to change the metadata when PVs are missing. The
'--force' option is the way to make 'vgimport' happen in spite of the
missing PVs.
Support swapping of metadata device if the thin pool already
exists. This way it's easy to i.e. resize metadata or their
repair operation.
User may create some empty LV, replace existing metadata
or dump and restore them into bigger LV.
Do a better job explaining the '--stripes/-i' option to lvcreate
when it comes to RAID 4/5/6. The extra devices needed for parity
are implicitly added to the argument given. So a 5-device RAID6
logical volume is created with '-i 3' - indicating 3 stripes plus
the implicit 2 devices needed for RAID6.
Allow restoring metadata with thin pool volumes.
No validation is done for this case within vgcfgrestore tool -
thus incorrect metadata may lead to destruction of pool content.
The heading 'Copy%' is specific to PVMOVE volumes, but can be generalized
to apply to LVM mirrors also. It is a bit awkward to use 'Copy%' for
RAID 4/5/6, however - 'Sync%' would be more appropriate. This is why
RAID 4/5/6 have not displayed their sync status by any means available to
'lvs' yet.
Example (old):
[root@hayes-02 lvm2]# lvs vg
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sy Convert
lv vg -wi-a---- 1.00g
raid1 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.00g 100.00
raid4 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g
raid5 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g
raid6 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g
This patch changes the heading to 'Cpy%Sync' and allows RAID 4/5/6 to print
their sync percent in this field.
Example (new):
[root@hayes-02 lvm2]# lvs vg
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv vg -wi-a---- 1.00g
raid1 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.00g 100.00
raid4 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g 100.00
raid5 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g 100.00
raid6 vg rwi-a-r-- 1.01g 100.00
Try to bring the lvmetad usage text and man page closer to the code.
There seem to be 3 useful ways to use -d with lvmetad at the moment:
-d all
-d wire
-d debug
(They can also be comma-separated like -d wire,debug.)
Prior to the last release, -d, -dd and -ddd were supported.
Fail if an unrecognised debug arg is supplied on the command line.
Change -V to report the same version as the lvm binary: previously it
just reported version 0.
blkdeactivate - utility to deactivate block devices
Traverses the tree of block devices and tries to deactivate them.
Currently, it supports device-mapper-based devices together with LVM.
See man/blkdeactivate.8 for more info.
It is targeted for use during shutdown to properly deactivate the
whole block device stack - systemd and init scripts are provided as
well. However, it might be used directly on command line too.
Please, see the commentary at the top of the blkdeactivate script
for dependencies and versions of other utilities required.
Update code for lvconvert.
Change the lvconvert user interface a bit - now we require 2 specifiers
--thinpool takes LV name for data device (and makes the name)
--poolmetadata takes LV name for metadata device.
Fix type in thin help text -z -> -Z.
Supported is also new flag --discards for thinpools.
Accept -q as the short form of --quiet.
Suppress non-essential standard output if -q is given twice.
Treat log/silent in lvm.conf as equivalent to -qq.
Review all log_print messages and change some to
log_print_unless_silent.
When silent, the following commands still produce output:
dumpconfig, lvdisplay, lvmdiskscan, lvs, pvck, pvdisplay,
pvs, version, vgcfgrestore -l, vgdisplay, vgs.
[Needs checking.]
Non-essential messages are shifted from log level 4 to log level 5
for syslog and lvm2_log_fn purposes.
Update lvchange to allow change of 'zero' flag for thinpool.
Add support for changing discard handling.
N.B. from/to ignore could be only changed for inactive pool.
Add arg support for discard.
Add discard ignore, nopassdown, passdown (=default) support.
Flags could be set per pool.
lvcreate [--discard {ignore|no_passdown|passdown}] vg/thinlv
When --sysinit -a ay is used with vg/lvchange and lvmetad is up and running,
we should skip manual activation as that would be a useless step - all volumes
are autoactivated once all the PVs for a VG are present.
If lvmetad is not active at the time of the vgchange --sysinit -a ay
call, the activation proceeds in standard 'manual' way.
This way, we can still have vg/lvchange --sysinit -a ay called
unconditionally in system initialization scripts no matter if lvmetad
is used or not.
We're refererring to 'activation' all over the code and we're talking
about 'LVs being activated' all the time so let's use 'activation/activate'
everywhere for clarity and consistency (still providing the old
'available' keyword as a synonym for backward compatibility with
existing environments).
Support has many limitations and lots of FIXMEs inside,
however it makes initial task when user creates a separate LV for
thin pool data and thin metadata already usable, so let's enable
it for testing.
Easiest API:
lvconvert --chunksize XX --thinpool data_lv metadata_lv
More functionality extensions will follow up.
TODO: Code needs some rework since a lot of same code is getting copied.
Calling vgscan alone should reuse information from the lvmetad (if running).
The --cache option should initiate direct device scan and update lvmetad
appropriately (if running).
This is mainly for vgscan to behave consistently compared to pvscan.
Fix regression in man page. The chunk size is in kilobyte units on command line
input though in the source code we work with sector size unit
so make it clear in the man page.
Update chunksize for thin pool in man page - it's max value is 1024M == 1G.
Fix warning range message to show proper max value.
Hold global lock in pvscan --lvmetad. (This might need refinement.)
Add PV name to "PV gone" messages.
Adjust some log message severities. (More changes needed.)
Add 'blkdevname' and 'blkdevs_used' field to dmsetup info -c -o.
Add 'blkdevname' option to dmsetup ls --tree to see block device names.
Add '-o options' to dmsetup deps and ls to select device name type on output.
We want to keep this logic -
when LV is extend - extend the LV by at least given amount,
when LV is reduced - reduce the LV by at most given amount.
So for this the rounding needs to be used.
Current logic which seems to satisfy give rule is to round up all
extent values for LV resize upward except for values with '-' sign
that are round downward.
This patch also fixes the problem when lvextend --use-polices tried
to extend LV the by i.e. 20% - but the resulting 20% were smaller
the extent size thus before this patch no extension happened.
RAID is not like traditional LVM mirroring. LVM mirroring required failed
devices to be removed or the logical volume would simply hang. RAID arrays can
keep on running with failed devices. In fact, for RAID types other than RAID1,
removing a device would mean substituting an error target or converting to a
lower level RAID (e.g. RAID6 -> RAID5, or RAID4/5 to RAID0). Therefore, rather
than removing a failed device unconditionally and potentially allocating a
replacement, RAID allows the user to "replace" a device with a new one. This
approach is a 1-step solution vs the current 2-step solution.
example> lvconvert --replace <dev_to_remove> vg/lv [possible_replacement_PVs]
'--replace' can be specified more than once.
example> lvconvert --replace /dev/sdb1 --replace /dev/sdc1 vg/lv
