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Support swapping of metadata device if the thin pool already exists. This way it's easy to i.e. resize metadata or their repair operation. User may create some empty LV, replace existing metadata or dump and restore them into bigger LV.
388 lines
14 KiB
Groff
388 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.TH LVCONVERT 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" \" -*- nroff -*-
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.SH NAME
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lvconvert \- convert a logical volume from linear to mirror or snapshot
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B lvconvert
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.BR \-m | \-\-mirrors
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.I Mirrors
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.RB [ \-\-mirrorlog
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.RI { disk | core | mirrored }]
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.RB [ \-\-corelog ]
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.RB [ \-R | \-\-regionsize
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.IR MirrorLogRegionSize ]
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.RB [ \-\-type
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.IR SegmentType ]
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.RB [ \-A | \-\-alloc
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.IR AllocationPolicy ]
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.RB [ \-b | \-\-background ]
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.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
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.RB [ \-i | \-\-interval
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.IR Seconds ]
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-\-stripes
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.I Stripes
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.RB [ \-I | \-\-stripesize
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.IR StripeSize ]]
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.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-y | \-\-yes ]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.IR LogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.RI [ PhysicalVolume [ Path ][ :PE [ -PE ]]...]
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-splitmirrors \fIImages
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.RB [ \-\-name
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.IR SplitLogicalVolumeName ]
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.RB [ \-\-trackchanges ]
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.IR MirrorLogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.RI [ SplittablePhysicalVolume [ Path ][ :PE [ -PE ]]...]
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.sp
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.B lvconvert
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.BR \-s | \-\-snapshot
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.RB [ \-c | \-\-chunksize
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.IR ChunkSize [ bBsSkK ]]
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-Z | \-\-zero
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.RI { y | n }]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.IR OriginalLogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.IR SnapshotLogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-merge
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.RB [ \-b | \-\-background ]
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.RB [ \-i | \-\-interval
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.IR Seconds ]
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.IR LogicalVolume [ Path ]...
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-repair
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.IR LogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.RI [ PhysicalVolume [ Path ]...]
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-replace \fIPhysicalVolume
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.IR LogicalVolume [ Path ]
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.RI [ PhysicalVolume [ Path ]...]
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-thinpool
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.IR ThinPoolLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
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.RB [ \-c | \-\-chunksize
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.IR ChunkSize [ bBsSkKmMgG ]]
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.RB [ \-\-discards
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.RI { ignore | nopassdown | passdown }]
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.RB [[ \-\-poolmetadata
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.IR ThinPoolMetadataLogicalVolume { Name | Path }]
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.RB [ \-\-poolmetadatasize
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.IR ThinPoolMetadataSize [ bBsSkKmMgG ]]
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.RB [ \-r | \-\-readahead
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.RI { ReadAheadSectors | auto | none }]
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.RB [ \-\-stripes
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.I Stripes
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.RB [ \-I | \-\-stripesize
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.IR StripeSize ]]]
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.RB [ \-Z | \-\-zero
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.RI { y | n }]
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.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
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.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
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.RB [ \-\-version ]
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.RI [ PhysicalVolume [ Path ][ :PE [ -PE ]]...]
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.sp
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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lvconvert is used to change the segment type (i.e. linear, mirror, etc) or
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characteristics of a logical volume. For example, it can add or remove the
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redundant images of a logical volume, change the log type of a mirror, or
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designate a logical volume as a snapshot repository.
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.br
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If the conversion requires allocation of physical extents (for
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example, when converting from linear to mirror) and you specify
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one or more PhysicalVolumes (optionally with ranges of physical
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extents), allocation of physical extents will be restricted to
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these physical extents. If the conversion frees physical extents
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(for example, when converting from a mirror to a linear, or reducing
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mirror legs) and you specify one or more PhysicalVolumes,
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the freed extents come first from the specified PhysicalVolumes.
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.SH OPTIONS
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See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
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.br
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Exactly one of
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.BR \-\-merge ", " \-\-mirrors ", " \-\-repair ", " \-\-replace
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.RB ", " \-\-snapshot ", " \-\-splitmirrors " or " \-\-thinpool
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arguments is required.
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.TP
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.BR \-m ", " \-\-mirrors " " \fIMirrors
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Specifies the degree of the mirror you wish to create.
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For example, "\fB-m 1\fP" would convert the original logical
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volume to a mirror volume with 2-sides; that is, a
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linear volume plus one copy.
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.TP
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.IR \fB\-\-mirrorlog " {" disk | core | mirrored }
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Specifies the type of log to use.
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The default is disk, which is persistent and requires
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a small amount of storage space, usually on a separate device
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from the data being mirrored.
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Core may be useful for short-lived mirrors: It means the mirror is
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regenerated by copying the data from the first device again every
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time the device is activated - perhaps, for example, after every reboot.
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Using "mirrored" will create a persistent log that is itself mirrored.
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.TP
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.B \-\-corelog
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The optional argument \fB--corelog\fP is the same as specifying
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\fB--mirrorlog core\fP.
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.TP
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.BR \-R ", " \-\-regionsize " " \fIMirrorLogRegionSize
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A mirror is divided into regions of this size (in MB), and the mirror log
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uses this granularity to track which regions are in sync.
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.TP
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.B \-\-type \fISegmentType
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Used to convert a logical volume to another segment type or to explicitly state
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the desired RAID1 segment type (\fImirror\fP or \fIraid1\fP) when converting
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a linear logical volume to a mirror with the \fB-m\fP argument.
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.TP
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.BR \-b ", " \-\-background
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Run the daemon in the background.
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.TP
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.BR \-i ", " \-\-interval " " \fISeconds
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Report progress as a percentage at regular intervals.
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.TP
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.B \-\-noudevsync
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Disable udev synchronisation. The
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process will not wait for notification from udev.
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It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
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in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
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or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
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.TP
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.B \-\-splitmirrors \fIImages
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The number of redundant Images of a mirror to be split off and used
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to form a new logical volume. A name must be supplied for the
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newly-split-off logical volume using the \fB\-\-name\fP argument, unless
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the \fB\-\-trackchanges\fP argument is given.
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.TP
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.B \-n \fIName
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The name to apply to a logical volume which has been split off from
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a mirror logical volume.
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.TP
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.B \-\-trackchanges
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Used with \fB\-\-splitmirrors\fP on a raid1 device, this tracks changes so
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that the read-only detached image can be merged efficiently back into
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the mirror later. Only the regions of the detatched device where
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the data changed get resynchronized.
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Please note that this feature is only supported with the new md-based mirror
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implementation and not with the original device-mapper mirror implementation.
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.TP
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.B \-s, \-\-snapshot
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Create a snapshot from existing logical volume using another
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existing logical volume as its origin.
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.TP
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.BR \-c ", " \-\-chunksize " " \fIChunkSize [ \fIbBsSkKmMgG ]
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Gives the size of chunk for snapshot and thin pool logical volumes.
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For snapshots the value must be power of 2 between 4KiB and 512KiB
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and the default value is 4.
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For thin pools the value must be between 64KiB and
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1GiB and the default value starts with 64 and scales
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up to fit the pool metadata size within 128MB,
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if the pool metadata size is not specified.
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Older dm thin pool target version (<1.4) requires the value to be power of 2.
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The newer version requires to be the multiple of 64KiB, however discard is
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not supported for non power of 2 values.
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Default unit is in kilobytes.
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.TP
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.BR \-\-discards " {" \fIignore | \fInopassdown | \fIpassdown }
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Sets discards behavior for thin pool.
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Default is \fIpassdown\fP.
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.TP
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.BR \-Z ", " \-\-zero " {" \fIy | \fIn }
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Controls zeroing of the first KB of data in the snapshot.
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If the volume is read-only the snapshot will not be zeroed.
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For thin pool volumes it controls zeroing of provisioned blocks.
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Note: Provisioning of large zeroed chunks impacts performance.
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.TP
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.B \-\-merge
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Merges a snapshot into its origin volume or merges a raid1 image that has
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been split from its mirror with \fB\-\-trackchanges\fP back into its mirror.
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To check if your kernel supports the snapshot merge feature, look
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for 'snapshot-merge' in the output
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of \fBdmsetup targets\fP. If both the origin and snapshot volume are not
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open the merge will start immediately. Otherwise, the merge will start
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the first time either the origin or snapshot are activated and both are closed.
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Merging a snapshot into an origin that cannot be closed, for example a root
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filesystem, is deferred until the next time the origin volume is activated.
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When merging starts, the resulting logical volume will have the origin's name,
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minor number and UUID. While the merge is in progress, reads or writes to the
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origin appear as they were directed to the snapshot being merged. When the
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merge finishes, the merged snapshot is removed. Multiple snapshots may
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be specified on the commandline or a @tag may be used to specify
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multiple snapshots be merged to their respective origin.
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.TP
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.BR \-\-poolmetadata " " \fIThinPoolMetadataLogicalVolume { \fIName | \fIPath }
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Specifies thin pool metadata logical volume.
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The size should be in between 2MiB and 16GiB.
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Thin pool is specified with the option
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\fB\-\-thinpool\fP.
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When the specified thin pool already exists,
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the thin pool's metadata volume will be swapped with the given LV.
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Properties of the thin pool like chunk size, discards or zero
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are preserved by default in this case.
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It can be useful for thin pool metadata repair or its offline resize,
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since the content of metadata becomes accessible for
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thin provisioning tools \fBthin_dump\fP(8) and \fBthin_restore\fP(8).
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.TP
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.BR \-\-poolmetadatasize " " \fIThinPoolMetadataSize [ \fIbBsSkKmMgG ]
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Sets the size of thin pool's metadata logical volume,
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if the pool metadata volume is undefined.
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Thin pool is specified with the option
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\fB\-\-thinpool\fP.
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Supported value is in the range between 2MiB and 16GiB.
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The default value is estimated with this formula
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(Pool_LV_size / Pool_LV_chunk_size * 64b).
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Default unit is megabytes.
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.TP
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.IR \fB\-r ", " \fB\-\-readahead " {" ReadAheadSectors | auto | none }
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Sets read ahead sector count of thin pool metadata logical volume.
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The default value is "auto" which allows the kernel to choose
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a suitable value automatically.
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"None" is equivalent to specifying zero.
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.TP
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.B \-\-repair
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Repair a mirror after suffering a disk failure. The mirror will be brought back
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into a consistent state. By default, the original number of mirrors will be
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restored if possible. Specify \fB\-y\fP on the command line to skip
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the prompts. Use \fB\-f\fP if you do not want any replacement.
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Additionally, you may use \fB\-\-use-policies\fP to use the device
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replacement policy specified in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5),
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viz. activation/mirror_log_fault_policy or
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activation/mirror_device_fault_policy.
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.TP
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.B \-\-replace \fIPhysicalVolume
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Remove the specified device (\fIPhysicalVolume\fP) and replace it with one
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that is available in the volume group or from the specific list provided.
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This option is only available to RAID segment types
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(e.g. "raid1", "raid5", etc).
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.TP
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.BR \-\-stripes " " \fIStripes
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Gives the number of stripes.
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This is equal to the number of physical volumes to scatter
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the logical volume.
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.TP
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.BR \-I ", " \-\-stripesize " " \fIStripeSize
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Gives the number of kilobytes for the granularity of the stripes.
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.br
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StripeSize must be 2^n (n = 2 to 9) for metadata in LVM1 format.
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For metadata in LVM2 format, the stripe size may be a larger
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power of 2 but must not exceed the physical extent size.
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.TP
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.IR \fB\-\-thinpool " " ThinPoolLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
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Changes logical volume into a thin pool volume. The volume
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will store the pool's data.
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Thin pool metadata logical volume can be specified with the option
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\fB\-\-poolmetadata\fP or allocated with \fB\-\-poolmetadatasize\fP.
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.SH Examples
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Converts the linear logical volume "vg00/lvol1" to a two-way mirror
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logical volume:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-m1 vg00/lvol1
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Converts the linear logical volume "vg00/lvol1" to a two-way RAID1
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logical volume:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-type raid1 \-m1 vg00/lvol1
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Converts a mirror with a disk log to a mirror with an in-memory log:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-mirrorlog core vg00/lvol1
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Converts a mirror with an in-memory log to a mirror with a disk log:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-mirrorlog disk vg00/lvol1
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Converts a mirror logical volume to a linear logical volume:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-m0 vg00/lvol1
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Converts a mirror logical volume to a RAID1 logical volume with the same
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number of images:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-type raid1 vg00/mirror_lv
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Converts logical volume "vg00/lvol2" to snapshot of original volume
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"vg00/lvol1":
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-s vg00/lvol1 vg00/lvol2
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Converts linear logical volume "vg00/lvol1" to a two-way mirror,
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using physical extents /dev/sda:0-15 and /dev/sdb:0-15 for allocation
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of new extents:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-m1 vg00/lvol1 /dev/sda:0-15 /dev/sdb:0-15
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Converts mirror logical volume "vg00/lvmirror1" to linear, freeing physical
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extents from /dev/sda:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-m0 vg00/lvmirror1 /dev/sda
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Merges "vg00/lvol1_snap" into its origin:
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-merge vg00/lvol1_snap
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If "vg00/lvol1", "vg00/lvol2" and "vg00/lvol3" are all tagged with "some_tag"
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each snapshot logical volume will be merged serially,
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e.g.: "vg00/lvol1", then "vg00/lvol2", then "vg00/lvol3".
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If \-\-background were used it would start
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all snapshot logical volume merges in parallel.
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-merge @some_tag
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Extracts one image from the mirror, making it a new logical volume named
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"lv_split". The mirror the image is extracted from is reduced accordingly.
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If it was a 2-way mirror (created with '-m 1'), then the resulting original
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volume will be linear.
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-splitmirrors 1 \-\-name lv_split vg00/lvmirror1
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A mirrored logical volume created with \-\-type raid1 can use the
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\-\-trackchanges argument when splitting off an image.
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Detach one image from the mirrored logical volume lv_raid1 as a separate
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read-only device and track the changes made to the mirror while it is detached.
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The split-off device has a name of the form lv_raid1_rimage_N, where N is
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a number, and it cannot be renamed.
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-splitmirrors 1 \-\-trackchanges vg00/lv_raid1
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Merge an image that was detached temporarily from its mirror with
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the \-\-trackchanges argument back into its original mirror and
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bring its contents back up-to-date.
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-merge vg00/lv_raid1_rimage_1
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Replaces the physical volume "/dev/sdb1" in the RAID1 logical volume "my_raid1"
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with the specified physical volume "/dev/sdf1". Had the argument "/dev/sdf1"
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been left out, lvconvert would attempt to find a suitable device from those
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available in the volume group.
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.sp
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.B lvconvert \-\-replace /dev/sdb1 vg00/my_raid1 /dev/sdf1
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR lvm (8),
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.BR vgcreate (8),
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.BR lvremove (8),
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.BR lvrename (8),
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.BR lvextend (8),
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.BR lvreduce (8),
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.BR lvdisplay (8),
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.BR lvscan (8),
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.BR thin_dump(8),
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.BR thin_restore(8)
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