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Merge pull request #22092 from keszybz/docs-links

Add more doc pages, adjust links, add explanatory headers to examples and relax license to CC-0
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Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek 2022-01-12 16:06:39 +01:00 committed by GitHub
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44 changed files with 342 additions and 119 deletions

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@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ The following exceptions apply:
- src/systemctl/systemd-sysv-install.SKELETON
- tools/check-includes.pl
- all examples under man/
- config files and examples under /network
* the following sources are under **Public Domain** (LicenseRef-murmurhash2-public-domain):
- src/basic/MurmurHash2.c
- src/basic/MurmurHash2.h

12
NEWS
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@ -10699,7 +10699,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 211:
also supports LUKS-encrypted partitions now. With this in
place, automatic discovery of partitions to mount following
the Discoverable Partitions Specification
(https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec)
(https://systemd.io/DISCOVERABLE_PARTITIONS/)
is now a lot more complete. This allows booting without
/etc/fstab and without root= on the kernel command line on
systems prepared appropriately.
@ -12204,7 +12204,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 198:
only in conjunction with Gummiboot, but could be supported
by other boot loaders too. For details see:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface
https://systemd.io/BOOT_LOADER_INTERFACE
* A new generator has been added that automatically mounts the
EFI System Partition (ESP) to /boot, if that directory
@ -12280,7 +12280,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 198:
* A new tool kernel-install has been added that can install
kernel images according to the Boot Loader Specification:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec
https://systemd.io/BOOT_LOADER_SPECIFICATION
* Boot time console output has been improved to provide
animated boot time output for hanging jobs.
@ -12370,7 +12370,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 197:
of these policies is now the default. Please see this wiki
document for details:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.net-naming-scheme.html
* Auke Kok's bootchart implementation has been added to the
systemd tree. It is an optional component that can graph the
@ -13369,7 +13369,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 183:
* A framework for implementing offline system updates is now
integrated, for details see:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.offline-updates.html
* A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us
avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status
@ -13737,7 +13737,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 38:
* Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the
final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained
in:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons
https://systemd.io/ROOT_STORAGE_DAEMONS/
* All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter
the START or START_PRE states are now killed with

10
README
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@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
systemd System and Service Manager
DETAILS:
http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/systemd.html
WEB SITE:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd
https://systemd.io
GIT:
git@github.com:systemd/systemd.git
@ -19,6 +16,11 @@ IRC:
BUG REPORTS:
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues
OLDER DOCUMENTATION:
http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/systemd.html
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd
AUTHOR:
Lennart Poettering
Kay Sievers

2
TODO
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@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ Features:
Note that we start initrd-fs.target and initrd-cleanup.target there, so a straightforward
ConditionPathExists= is not enough.
* docs: bring http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/MyServiceCantGetRealtime up to date
* docs: bring https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/MyServiceCantGetRealtime up to date
* add a job mode that will fail if a transaction would mean stopping
running units. Use this in timedated to manage the NTP service

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# The Container Interface
Also consult [Writing Virtual Machine or Container
Managers](http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/writing-vm-managers).
Managers](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/writing-vm-managers).
systemd has a number of interfaces for interacting with container managers,
when systemd is used inside of an OS container. If you work on a container

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@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ for specific uses. This has many benefits:
descriptive information about partitions tables.
Note that the OS side of this specification is currently implemented in
[systemd](http://systemd.io/) 211 and newer in the
[systemd-gpt-auto-generator(8)](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.html)
[systemd](https://systemd.io/) 211 and newer in the
[systemd-gpt-auto-generator(8)](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.html)
generator tool. Note that automatic discovery of the root only works if the
boot loader communicates this information to the OS, by implementing the [Boot
Loader
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Other GPT type IDs might be used on Linux, for example to mark software RAID or
LVM partitions. The definitions of those GPT types is outside of the scope of
this specification.
[systemd-id128(1)](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-id128.html)'s
[systemd-id128(1)](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-id128.html)'s
`show` command may be used to list those GPT partition type UUIDs.
## Partition Names

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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
---
title: Journal Export Format
category: Interfaces
layout: default
SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
---
# Journal Export Format
_Note that this document describes the binary serialization format of journals only, as used for transfer across the network.
For interfacing with web technologies there's the Journal JSON Format, described below.
The binary format on disk is documented as the [Journal File Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_FILE_FORMAT/)._
_Before reading on, please make sure you are aware of the [basic properties of journal entries](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.journal-fields.html), in particular realize that they may include binary non-text data (though usually don't), and the same field might have multiple values assigned within the same entry (though usually hasn't)._
When exporting journal data for other uses or transferring it via the network/local IPC the _journal export format_ is used. It's a simple serialization of journal entries, that is easy to read without any special tools, but still binary safe where necessary. The format is like this:
* Two journal entries that follow each other are separated by a double newline.
* Journal fields consisting only of valid non-control UTF-8 codepoints are serialized as they are (i.e. the field name, followed by '=', followed by field data), followed by a newline as separator to the next field. Note that fields containing newlines cannot be formatted like this. Non-control UTF-8 codepoints are the codepoints with value at or above 32 (' '), or equal to 9 (TAB).
* Other journal fields are serialized in a special binary safe way: field name, followed by newline, followed by a binary 64bit little endian size value, followed by the binary field data, followed by a newline as separator to the next field.
* Entry metadata that is not actually a field is serialized like it was a field, but beginning with two underscores. More specifically, `__CURSOR=`, `__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=`, `__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=` are introduced this way. Note that these meta-fields are only generated when actual journal files are serialized. They are omitted for entries that do not originate from a journal file (for example because they are transferred for the first time to be stored in one). Or in other words: if you are generating this format you shouldn't care about these special double-underscore fields. But you might find them usable when you deserialize the format generated by us. Additional fields prefixed with two underscores might be added later on, your parser should skip over the fields it does not know.
* The order in which fields appear in an entry is undefined and might be different for each entry that is serialized.
And that's already it.
This format can be generated via `journalctl -o export`.
Here's an example for two serialized entries which consist only of text data:
```
__CURSOR=s=739ad463348b4ceca5a9e69c95a3c93f;i=4ece7;b=6c7c6013a26343b29e964691ff25d04c;m=4fc72436e;t=4c508a72423d9;x=d3e5610681098c10;p=system.journal
__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1342540861416409
__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=21415215982
_BOOT_ID=6c7c6013a26343b29e964691ff25d04c
_TRANSPORT=syslog
PRIORITY=4
SYSLOG_FACILITY=3
SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=gdm-password]
SYSLOG_PID=587
MESSAGE=AccountsService-DEBUG(+): ActUserManager: ignoring unspecified session '8' since it's not graphical: Success
_PID=587
_UID=0
_GID=500
_COMM=gdm-session-wor
_EXE=/usr/libexec/gdm-session-worker
_CMDLINE=gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password]
_AUDIT_SESSION=2
_AUDIT_LOGINUID=500
_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=/user/lennart/2
_SYSTEMD_SESSION=2
_SELINUX_CONTEXT=system_u:system_r:xdm_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1342540861413961
_MACHINE_ID=a91663387a90b89f185d4e860000001a
_HOSTNAME=epsilon
__CURSOR=s=739ad463348b4ceca5a9e69c95a3c93f;i=4ece8;b=6c7c6013a26343b29e964691ff25d04c;m=4fc72572f;t=4c508a7243799;x=68597058a89b7246;p=system.journal
__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1342540861421465
__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=21415221039
_BOOT_ID=6c7c6013a26343b29e964691ff25d04c
_TRANSPORT=syslog
PRIORITY=6
SYSLOG_FACILITY=9
SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=/USR/SBIN/CROND
SYSLOG_PID=8278
MESSAGE=(root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.hourly)
_PID=8278
_UID=0
_GID=0
_COMM=run-parts
_EXE=/usr/bin/bash
_CMDLINE=/bin/bash /bin/run-parts /etc/cron.hourly
_AUDIT_SESSION=8
_AUDIT_LOGINUID=0
_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=/user/root/8
_SYSTEMD_SESSION=8
_SELINUX_CONTEXT=system_u:system_r:crond_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1342540861416351
_MACHINE_ID=a91663387a90b89f185d4e860000001a
_HOSTNAME=epsilon
```
A message with a binary field produced by
```bash
python3 -c 'from systemd import journal; journal.send("foo\nbar")'
journalctl -n1 -o export
```
```
__CURSOR=s=bcce4fb8ffcb40e9a6e05eee8b7831bf;i=5ef603;b=ec25d6795f0645619ddac9afdef453ee;m=545242e7049;t=50f1202
__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1423944916375353
__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=5794517905481
_BOOT_ID=ec25d6795f0645619ddac9afdef453ee
_TRANSPORT=journal
_UID=1001
_GID=1001
_CAP_EFFECTIVE=0
_SYSTEMD_OWNER_UID=1001
_SYSTEMD_SLICE=user-1001.slice
_MACHINE_ID=5833158886a8445e801d437313d25eff
_HOSTNAME=bupkis
_AUDIT_LOGINUID=1001
_SELINUX_CONTEXT=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
CODE_LINE=1
CODE_FUNC=<module>
SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=python3
_COMM=python3
_EXE=/usr/bin/python3.4
_AUDIT_SESSION=35898
_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=/user.slice/user-1001.slice/session-35898.scope
_SYSTEMD_SESSION=35898
_SYSTEMD_UNIT=session-35898.scope
MESSAGE
^G^@^@^@^@^@^@^@foo
bar
CODE_FILE=<string>
_PID=16853
_CMDLINE=python3 -c from systemd import journal; journal.send("foo\nbar")
_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=1423944916372858
```
# Journal JSON Format
_Note that this section describes the JSON serialization format of the journal only, as used for interfacing with web technologies.
For binary transfer of journal data across the network there's the Journal Export Format described above.
The binary format on disk is documented as [Journal File Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_FILE_FORMAT)._
_Before reading on, please make sure you are aware of the [basic properties of journal entries](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.journal-fields.html), in particular realize that they may include binary non-text data (though usually don't), and the same field might have multiple values assigned within the same entry (though usually hasn't)._
In most cases the Journal JSON serialization is the obvious mapping of the entry field names (as JSON strings) to the entry field values (also as JSON strings) encapsulated in one JSON object. However, there are a few special cases to handle:
* A field that contains non-printable or non-UTF8 is serialized as a number array instead. This is necessary to handle binary data in a safe way without losing data, since JSON cannot embed binary data natively. Each byte of the binary field will be mapped to its numeric value in the range 0…255.
* The JSON serializer can optionally skip huge (as in larger than a specific threshold) data fields from the JSON object. If that is enabled and a data field is too large, the field name is still included in the JSON object but assigned _null_.
* Within the same entry, Journal fields may have multiple values assigned. This is not allowed in JSON. The serializer will hence create a single JSON field only for these cases, and assign it an array of values (which the can be strings, _null_ or number arrays, see above).
* If the JSON data originates from a journal file it may include the special addressing fields `__CURSOR`, `__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP`, `__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP`, which contain the cursor string of this entry as string, and the realtime/monotonic timestamps of this entry as formatted numeric string of usec since the respective epoch.
Here's an example, illustrating all cases mentioned above. Consider this entry:
```
MESSAGE=Hello World
_UDEV_DEVNODE=/dev/waldo
_UDEV_DEVLINK=/dev/alias1
_UDEV_DEVLINK=/dev/alias2
BINARY=this is a binary value \a
LARGE=this is a super large value (let's pretend at least, for the sake of this example)
```
This translates into the following JSON Object:
```json
{
"MESSAGE" : "Hello World",
"_UDEV_DEVNODE" : "/dev/waldo",
"_UDEV_DEVLINK" : [ "/dev/alias1", "/dev/alias2" ],
"BINARY" : [ 116, 104, 105, 115, 32, 105, 115, 32, 97, 32, 98, 105, 110, 97, 114, 121, 32, 118, 97, 108, 117, 101, 32, 7 ],
"LARGE" : null
}
```

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@ -7,11 +7,9 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# Journal File Format
_Note that this document describes the binary on-disk format of journals
only. For interfacing with web technologies there's the [Journal JSON
Format](http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json). For transfer
of journal data across the network there's the [Journal Export
Format](http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export)._
_Note that this document describes the binary on-disk format of journals only.
For interfacing with web technologies there's the [Journal JSON Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-json-format).
For transfer of journal data across the network there's the [Journal Export Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format)._
The systemd journal stores log data in a binary format with several features:
@ -32,30 +30,30 @@ keep this document up-to-date and accurate.
Instead of implementing your own reader or writer for journal files we ask you
to use the [Journal's native C
API](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/sd-journal.html) to access
API](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/sd-journal.html) to access
these files. It provides you with full access to the files, and will not
withhold any data. If you find a limitation, please ping us and we might add
some additional interfaces for you.
If you need access to the raw journal data in serialized stream form without C
API our recommendation is to make use of the [Journal Export
Format](http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export), which you can
get via "journalctl -o export" or via systemd-journal-gatewayd. The export
Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format), which you can
get via `journalctl -o export` or via `systemd-journal-gatewayd`. The export
format is much simpler to parse, but complete and accurate. Due to its
stream-based nature it is not indexed.
_Or, to put this in other words: this low-level document is probably not what
you want to use as base of your project. You want our [C
API](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/sd-journal.html) instead!
API](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/sd-journal.html) instead!
And if you really don't want the C API, then you want the [Journal Export
Format](http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export) instead! This
document is primarily for your entertainment and education. Thank you!_
Format or Journal JSON Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS) instead!
This document is primarily for your entertainment and education. Thank you!_
This document assumes you have a basic understanding of the journal concepts,
the properties of a journal entry and so on. If not, please go and read up,
then come back! This is a good opportunity to read about the [basic properties
of journal
entries](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.journal-fields.html),
entries](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.journal-fields.html),
in particular realize that they may include binary non-text data (though
usually don't), and the same field might have multiple values assigned within
the same entry.

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@ -100,7 +100,8 @@ And now, here's the list of (hopefully) all APIs that we have introduced with sy
| [Network](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.network.html) & [Netdev file format](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.netdev.html) | File format | yes | yes | no | no | - | no |
| [Link file format](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.link.html) | File format | yes | yes | no | no | - | no |
| [Journal File Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_FILE_FORMAT) | File format | yes | yes | - | maybe | - | no |
| [Journal Export Format](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export) | File format | yes | yes | - | yes | - | no |
| [Journal Export Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format) | File format | yes | yes | - | yes | - | no |
| [Journal JSON Format](https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-json-format) | File format | yes | yes | - | yes | - | no |
| [Cooperation in cgroup tree](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups) | Treaty | yes | yes | libvirt | yes | libvirt | no |
| [Password Agents](https://systemd.io/PASSWORD_AGENTS) | Socket+Files | yes | yes | - | yes | - | no |
| [udev multi-seat properties](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/sd-login.html) | udev Property | yes | yes | X11, gdm | no | - | no |

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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Does this have any drawbacks? Yes, it does. Previously it was practically guaran
You basically have three options:
1. You disable the assignment of fixed names, so that the unpredictable kernel names are used again. For this, simply mask udev's .link file for the default policy: `ln -s /dev/null /etc/systemd/network/99-default.link`
1. You create your own manual naming scheme, for example by naming your interfaces `internet0`, `dmz0` or `lan0`. For that create your own `.link` files in `/etc/systemd/network/`, that choose an explicit name or a better naming scheme for one, some, or all of your interfaces. See [systemd.link(5)](http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.link.html) for more information.
1. You create your own manual naming scheme, for example by naming your interfaces `internet0`, `dmz0` or `lan0`. For that create your own `.link` files in `/etc/systemd/network/`, that choose an explicit name or a better naming scheme for one, some, or all of your interfaces. See [systemd.link(5)](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.link.html) for more information.
1. You pass the `net.ifnames=0` on the kernel command line
## How does the new naming scheme look like, precisely?

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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
title: systemd
baseurl: "" # the subpath of your site, e.g. /blog/
url: "http://systemd.io" # the base hostname & protocol for your site
url: "https://systemd.io" # the base hostname & protocol for your site
permalink: /:title/

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@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
<para>serializes the journal into a binary (but mostly
text-based) stream suitable for backups and network
transfer (see
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal Export Format</ulink>
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>
for more information). To import the binary stream back
into native journald format use
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journal-remote</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
</term>
<listitem>
<para>formats entries as JSON objects, separated by newline characters (see <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json">Journal JSON Format</ulink> for more
url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-json-format">Journal JSON Format</ulink> for more
information). Field values are generally encoded as JSON strings, with three exceptions:
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Fields larger than 4096 bytes are encoded as <constant>null</constant> values. (This

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@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ node /org/freedesktop/login1 {
whether the inhibit shall be consider mandatory or whether it should just delay the operation to a
certain maximum time. The method returns a file descriptor. The lock is released the moment this file
descriptor and all its duplicates are closed. For more information on the inhibition logic see
<ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/inhibit">Inhibitor Locks</ulink>.
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/inhibit">Inhibitor Locks</ulink>.
</para>
</refsect2>
@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ node /org/freedesktop/login1 {
that should be done shortly before shutdown/sleep, in conjunction with delay inhibitor locks. After
completion of this work they should release their inhibition locks in order to not delay the operation
any further. For more information see
<ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/inhibit">Inhibitor Locks</ulink>.
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/inhibit">Inhibitor Locks</ulink>.
</para>
</refsect2>

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@ -1427,7 +1427,7 @@ node /org/freedesktop/systemd1 {
<varname>properties</varname> contains properties of the unit, specified like in
<function>SetUnitProperties()</function>. <varname>aux</varname> is currently unused and should be
passed as an empty array. See the
<ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ControlGroupInterface/">New Control Group
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/ControlGroupInterface/">New Control Group
Interface</ulink> for more information how to make use of this functionality for resource control
purposes.</para>
</refsect2>

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@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
specification, informing the receiving side that the caller is prepared to wait for interactive
authorization, which might take a considerable time to complete. If this flag is set, the user
may be queried for passwords or confirmation via
<ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/polkit">polkit</ulink> or a similar
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/polkit">polkit</ulink> or a similar
framework.</para>
<para><function>sd_bus_get_allow_interactive_authorization()</function> returns true if

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@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
<para>It is also possible to invoke <command>systemd-coredump</command> with
<option>--backtrace</option> option. In this case, <command>systemd-coredump</command> expects a
journal entry in the journal
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal Export Format</ulink>
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>
on standard input. The entry should contain a <varname>MESSAGE=</varname> field and any additional
metadata fields the caller deems reasonable. <command>systemd-coredump</command> will append additional
metadata fields in the same way it does for core dumps received from the kernel. In this mode, no core

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@ -212,9 +212,8 @@
<listitem><para>Entries are formatted as JSON data structures,
one per line
(like <command>journalctl --output json</command>).
See <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json">Journal
JSON Format</ulink> for more information.</para>
See <ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-json-format">Journal JSON Format</ulink>
for more information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@ -233,13 +232,10 @@
<varlistentry>
<term><constant>application/vnd.fdo.journal</constant></term>
<listitem><para>Entries are serialized into a binary (but
mostly text-based) stream suitable for backups and network
transfer
(like <command>journalctl --output export</command>).
See <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal
Export Format</ulink> for more information.</para>
<listitem><para>Entries are serialized into a binary (but mostly text-based) stream suitable for
backups and network transfer (like <command>journalctl --output export</command>). See <ulink
url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>
for more information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
@ -303,10 +299,8 @@
<refsect1>
<title>Examples</title>
<para>Retrieve events from this boot from local journal
in <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal
Export Format</ulink>:
<para>Retrieve events from this boot from local journal in
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>:
<programlisting>curl --silent -H'Accept: application/vnd.fdo.journal' \
'http://localhost:19531/entries?boot'</programlisting>
</para>

View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
<para><command>systemd-journal-remote</command> is a command to receive serialized journal
events and store them to journal files. Input streams are in the
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal Export Format</ulink>,
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>,
i.e. like the output from <command>journalctl --output=export</command>. For transport over the
network, this serialized stream is usually carried over an HTTPS connection.</para>

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
used.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Providing <ulink
url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/polkit">polkit</ulink>-based
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/polkit">polkit</ulink>-based
access for users for operations such as system shutdown or sleep</para>
</listitem>
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/writing-display-managers">Writing Display
Managers</ulink>.
If you are interested in writing a desktop environment that makes use of logind, please have look at
<ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/writing-desktop-environments">Writing
<ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/writing-desktop-environments">Writing
Desktop Environments</ulink>.</para>
</refsect1>

View File

@ -515,11 +515,10 @@
<title>Address Fields</title>
<para>During serialization into external formats, such as the
<ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export">Journal
Export Format</ulink> or the <ulink
url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json">Journal
JSON Format</ulink>, the addresses of journal entries are
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-export-format">Journal Export Format</ulink>
or the
<ulink url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_EXPORT_FORMATS#journal-json-format">Journal JSON Format</ulink>,
the addresses of journal entries are
serialized into fields prefixed with double underscores. Note that
these are not proper fields when stored in the journal but for
addressing metadata of entries. They cannot be written as part of

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-6rd-tunnel.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches 6rd-* SIT devices which is automatically created by
# systemd-networkd when DHCPv4 6RD option is received.

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-container-host0.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches the container-side of the virtual Ethernet link
# created by systemd-nspawn's --network-veth switch. See systemd-nspawn(1) for

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-container-vb.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches the host-side of the virtual Ethernet link
# created by systemd-nspawn's --network-veth switch with --network-bridge or

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-container-ve.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches the host-side of the virtual Ethernet link
# created by systemd-nspawn's --network-veth switch. See systemd-nspawn(1) for

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-container-vz.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches the bridge interface created by systemd-nspawn's
# --network-zone= switch. See systemd-nspawn(1) for details.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This example config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# To use the file, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a symlink from /etc/systemd/network to the current location of this file,
# 2. copy the file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# Enable DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 on all ethernet links
[Match]
Type=ether
[Network]
DHCP=yes

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-vm-vt.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
# This network file matches vt-* TUN/TAP devices and applies a similar
# configuration as ve-* to provide NAT/DHCP to VMs.

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/80-wifi-adhoc.network.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
[Match]
Type=wlan

View File

@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This example config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# To use the file, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a symlink from /etc/systemd/network to the current location of this file,
# 2. copy the file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
[Match]
Type=wlan
WLANInterfaceType=ap

View File

@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This example config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# To use the file, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a symlink from /etc/systemd/network to the current location of this file,
# 2. copy the file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-networkd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
[Match]
Type=wlan
WLANInterfaceType=station

View File

@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
#
# This file is part of systemd.
# This config file is installed as part of systemd.
# It may be freely copied and edited (following the Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal License).
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# To make local modifications, one of the following methods may be used:
# 1. add a drop-in file that extends this file by creating the
# /etc/systemd/network/99-default.link.d/ directory and creating a
# new .conf file there.
# 2. copy this file into /etc/systemd/network or one of the other paths checked
# by systemd-udevd and edit it there.
# This file should not be edited in place, because it'll be overwritten on upgrades.
[Match]
OriginalName=*

View File

@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ if conf.get('ENABLE_NETWORKD') == 1
'80-container-host0.network',
'80-container-ve.network',
'80-container-vz.network',
'80-ethernet.network.example',
'80-vm-vt.network',
'80-wifi-adhoc.network',
'80-wifi-ap.network.example',

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.systemd1.reply-password">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Send passphrase back to system</description>

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.home1.create-home">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Create a home area</description>

View File

@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.hostname1.set-hostname">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Set hostname</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.import1.import">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Import a VM or container image</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.locale1.set-locale">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Set system locale</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-block-shutdown">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Allow applications to inhibit system shutdown</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.machine1.login">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Log into a local container</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.network1.set-ntp-servers">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Set NTP servers</description>

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.portable1.inspect-images">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Inspect a portable service image</description>

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.resolve1.register-service">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Register a DNS-SD service</description>

View File

@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ static int remount_with_timeout(MountPoint *m, int umount_log_level) {
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (r == 0) {
log_info("Remounting '%s' read-only with options '%s'.", m->path, strna(m->remount_options));
log_info("Remounting '%s' read-only with options '%s'.", m->path, strempty(m->remount_options));
/* Start the mount operation here in the child */
r = mount(NULL, m->path, NULL, m->remount_flags, m->remount_options);

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
<policyconfig>
<vendor>The systemd Project</vendor>
<vendor_url>http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd</vendor_url>
<vendor_url>https://systemd.io</vendor_url>
<action id="org.freedesktop.timedate1.set-time">
<description gettext-domain="systemd">Set system time</description>