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systemd-stable/man/sd_bus_default.xml
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<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!--
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Copyright 2014 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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(at your option) any later version.
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<refentry id="sd_bus_default">
<refentryinfo>
<title>sd_bus_default</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<contrib>A monkey with a typewriter</contrib>
<firstname>Zbigniew</firstname>
<surname>Jędrzejewski-Szmek</surname>
<email>zbyszek@in.waw.pl</email>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>sd_bus_default</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>sd_bus_default</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_default_user</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_default_system</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_open</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_open_user</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_open_system</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_open_system_remote</refname>
<refname>sd_bus_open_system_machine</refname>
<refpurpose>Acquire a connection to a system or user bus</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;systemd/sd-bus.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_default</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_default_user</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_default_system</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_open</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_open_user</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_open_system</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_open_system_remote</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>host</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>sd_bus_open_system_machine</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>sd_bus **<parameter>bus</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>machine</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para><function>sd_bus_default()</function> acquires a bus
connection object to the user bus when invoked in user context, or
to the system bus otherwise. The connection object is associated
to the calling thread. Each time the function is invoked from the
same thread the same object is returned, but its reference count
is increased by one, as long as at least one reference is
kept. When the last reference to the connection is dropped (using
the
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_unref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
call), the connection is terminated. Note that the connection is
not automatically terminated when the associated thread ends. It
is important to drop the last reference to the bus connection
explicitly before the thread ends or otherwise the connection will
be leaked.</para>
<para><function>sd_bus_default_user()</function> returns a user
bus connection object associated to the calling thread.
<function>sd_bus_default_system()</function> is similar, but
connects to the system bus. Note that
<function>sd_bus_default()</function> is identical to these two
calls, depending on the execution context.</para>
<para><function>sd_bus_open()</function> creates a new,
independent bus connection to the user bus when invoked in user
context, or the system bus
otherwise. <function>sd_bus_open_user()</function> is similar, but
connects only to the user bus.
<function>sd_bus_open_system()</function> does the same, but
connects to the system bus. In contrast to
<function>sd_bus_default()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_default_user()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_default_system()</function> these calls return
new, independent connection objects that are not associated with
the invoking thread and are not shared between multiple
invocations. It is recommended to share connections per thread to
efficiently make use the available resources. Thus, it is
recommended to use <function>sd_bus_default()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_default_user()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_default_system()</function> to connect to the
user or system buses.</para>
<para>If the <varname>$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS</varname> environment
variable is set
(cf. <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>environ</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>),
it will be used as the address of the user bus. This variable can
contain multiple addresses separated by <literal>;</literal>. If
this variable is not set, a suitable default for the default user
D-Bus instance will be used.</para>
<para>If the <varname>$DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS</varname>
environment variable is set, it will be used as the address of the
system bus. This variable uses the same syntax as
<varname>$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS</varname>. If this variable is
not set, a suitable default for the default system D-Bus instance
will be used.</para>
<para><function>sd_bus_open_system_remote()</function> connects to
the system bus on the specified <parameter>host</parameter> using
<citerefentry
project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ssh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. <parameter>host</parameter>
consists of an optional user name followed by the
<literal>@</literal> symbol, and the hostname.
</para>
<para><function>sd_bus_open_system_machine()</function> connects
to the system bus in the specified <parameter>machine</parameter>,
where <parameter>machine</parameter> is the name of a local
container. See
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
for more information about the "machine" concept. Note that
connections into local containers are only available to privileged
processes at this time.</para>
<para>These calls allocate a bus connection object and initiate
the connection ot a well-known bus of some form. An alternative to
using these high-level calls is to create an unconnected bus
object with
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_new</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
and to connect it with
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_start</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Return Value</title>
<para>On success, these calls return 0 or a positive
integer. On failure, these calls return a negative
errno-style error code.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Reference ownership</title>
<para>The functions <function>sd_bus_open()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_open_user()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_open_system()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_open_system_remote()</function>, and
<function>sd_bus_open_system_machine()</function> return a new
object and the caller owns the sole reference. When not needed
anymore, this reference should be destroyed with
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_unref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
<para>The functions <function>sd_bus_default()</function>,
<function>sd_bus_default_user()</function> and
<function>sd_bus_default_system()</function> do not necessarily
create a new object, but increase the connection reference by
one. Use
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_unref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
to drop the reference.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Errors</title>
<para>Returned errors may indicate the following problems:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><constant>-EINVAL</constant></term>
<listitem><para>The specified parameters are invalid.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><constant>-ENOMEM</constant></term>
<listitem><para>Memory allocation failed.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><constant>-ESOCKTNOSUPPORT</constant></term>
<listitem><para>The protocol version required to connect to the selected bus is not supported.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>In addition, any further connection-related errors may be
by returned. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_send</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Notes</title>
<para><function>sd_bus_open_user()</function> and the other
functions described here are available as a shared library, which
can be compiled and linked to with the
<constant>libsystemd</constant> <citerefentry
project='die-net'><refentrytitle>pkg-config</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
file.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-bus</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_new</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_ref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_unref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ssh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-machined.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>