mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd-stable.git
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5430f7f2bc
We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+. Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within systemd. The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT. The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.
351 lines
18 KiB
XML
351 lines
18 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="os-release">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>os-release</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>os-release</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>os-release</refname>
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<refpurpose>Operating system identification</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/etc/os-release</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/os-release</filename> file
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contains operating system identification data.</para>
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<para>The basic file format of
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<filename>os-release</filename> is a newline-separated
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list of environment-like shell-compatible variable
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assignments. It is possible to source the
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configuration from shell scripts, however, beyond mere
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variable assignments no shell features are supported
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(this means variable expansion is explicitly not
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supported), allowing applications to read the file
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without implementing a shell compatible execution
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engine. Variable assignment values should be enclosed
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in double or single quotes if they include spaces,
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semicolons or other special characters outside of A-Z,
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a-z, 0-9. All strings should be in UTF-8 format, and
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non-printable characters should not be used. If double
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or single quotes or backslashes are to be used within
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variable assignments they should be escaped with
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backslashes, following shell style. It is not
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supported to concatenate multiple individually quoted
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strings. Lines beginning with "#" shall be ignored as
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comments.</para>
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<para><filename>/etc/os-release</filename> contains
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data that is defined by the operating system vendor
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and should not be changed by the administrator.</para>
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<para>As this file only encodes names and identifiers
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it should not be localized.</para>
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<para>The file <filename>/etc/os-release</filename> might
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be a symlink to another file, but it is important that
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the file is available from earliest boot on, and hence
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must be located on the root file system.</para>
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<para>For a longer rationale for
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<filename>/etc/os-release</filename> please refer to
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the <ulink
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url="http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/os-release">Announcement of <filename>/etc/os-release</filename></ulink>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following OS identifications parameters may be set using
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<filename>/etc/os-release</filename>:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>NAME=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A string identifying
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the operating system, without a
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version component, and suitable for
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presentation to the user. If not set
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defaults to
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<literal>NAME=Linux</literal>. Example:
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<literal>NAME=Fedora</literal> or
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<literal>NAME="Debian
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GNU/Linux"</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>VERSION=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A string identifying
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the operating system version,
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excluding any OS name information,
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possibly including a release code
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name, and suitable for presentation to
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the user. This field is
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optional. Example:
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<literal>VERSION=17</literal> or
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<literal>VERSION="17 (Beefy
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Miracle)"</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ID=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A lower-case string
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(no spaces or other characters outside
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of 0-9, a-z, ".", "_" and "-")
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identifying the operating system,
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excluding any version information and
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suitable for processing by scripts or
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usage in generated file names. If not
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set defaults to
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<literal>ID=linux</literal>. Example:
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<literal>ID=fedora</literal> or
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<literal>ID=debian</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ID_LIKE=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A space-separated list
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of operating system identifiers in the
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same syntax as the
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<varname>ID=</varname> setting. Should
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list identifiers of operating systems
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that are closely related to the local
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operating system in regards to
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packaging and programming interfaces,
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for example listing one or more
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OS identifiers the local
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OS is a derivative from. An
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OS should generally only list other OS
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identifiers it itself is a derivative
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from, and not any OSes that
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are derived from it, but symmetric
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relationships are possible. Build
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scripts and similar should check this
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variable if they need to identify the
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local operating system and the value
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of <varname>ID=</varname> is not
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recognized. Operating systems should
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be listed in order of how closely the
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local operating system relates to the
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listed ones, starting with the
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closest. This field is
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optional. Example: for an operating
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system with
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<literal>ID=centos</literal> an
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assignment of <literal>ID_LIKE="rhel
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fedora"</literal> would be
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appropriate. For an operating system
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with <literal>ID=ubuntu</literal> an
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assignment of
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<literal>ID_LIKE=debian</literal> is
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appropriate.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>VERSION_ID=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A lower-case string
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(mostly numeric, no spaces or other
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characters outside of 0-9, a-z, ".",
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"_" and "-") identifying the operating
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system version, excluding any OS name
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information or release code name, and
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suitable for processing by scripts or
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usage in generated file names. This
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field is optional. Example:
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<literal>VERSION_ID=17</literal> or
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<literal>VERSION_ID=11.04</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>PRETTY_NAME=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A pretty operating
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system name in a format suitable for
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presentation to the user. May or may
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not contain a release code name or OS
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version of some kind, as suitable. If
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not set defaults to
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<literal>PRETTY_NAME="Linux"</literal>. Example:
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<literal>PRETTY_NAME="Fedora 17 (Beefy
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Miracle)"</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>ANSI_COLOR=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A suggested
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presentation color when showing the
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OS name on the console. This
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should be specified as string suitable
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for inclusion in the ESC [ m
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ANSI/ECMA-48 escape code for setting
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graphical rendition. This field is
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optional. Example:
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<literal>ANSI_COLOR="0;31"</literal>
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for red, or
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<literal>ANSI_COLOR="1;34"</literal>
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for light blue.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CPE_NAME=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A CPE name for the
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operating system, following the <ulink
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url="http://cpe.mitre.org/specification/">Common
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Platform Enumeration
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Specification</ulink> as proposed by
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the MITRE Corporation. This field
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is optional. Example:
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<literal>CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:17"</literal>
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>HOME_URL=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>SUPPORT_URL=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>BUG_REPORT_URL=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Links to resources on
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the Internet related the operating
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system. <varname>HOME_URL=</varname>
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should refer to the homepage of the of
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operating system, or alternatively
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some homepage of the specific version
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of the operating
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system. <varname>SUPPORT_URL=</varname>
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should refer to the main support page
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for the operating system, if there is
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any. This is primarily intended for
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operating systems which vendors
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provide support
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for. <varname>BUG_REPORT_URL=</varname>
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should refer to the main bug reporting
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page for the operating system, if
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there is any. This is primarily
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intended for operating systems that
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rely on community QA. These settings
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are optional, and providing only some
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of these settings is common. These
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URLs are intended to be exposed in
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"About this system" UIs behind links
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with captions such as "About this
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Operating System", "Obtain Support"
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resp. "Report a Bug". The values should
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be in <ulink
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url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986">RFC3986
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format</ulink>, and should be
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<literal>http:</literal> or
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<literal>https:</literal> URLs, and
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possibly <literal>mailto:</literal> or
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<literal>tel:</literal>. Only one URL
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shall be listed in each setting. If
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multiple resources need to be
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referenced it is recommended to
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provide an online landing page linking
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all available resources. Examples:
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<literal>HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/"</literal>
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and
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<literal>BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"</literal></para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>If you are reading this file from C code or a
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shell script to determine the OS or a specific version
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of it, use the ID and VERSION_ID fields, possibly with
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ID_LIKE as fallback for ID. When looking for an OS
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identification string for presentation to the user use
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the PRETTY_NAME field.</para>
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<para>Note that operating system vendors may choose
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not to provide version information, for example to
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accommodate for rolling releases. In this case VERSION
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and VERSION_ID may be unset. Applications should not
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rely on these fields to be set.</para>
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<para>Operating system vendors may extend the file
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format and introduce new fields. It is highly
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recommended to prefix new fields with an OS specific
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name in order to avoid name clashes. Applications
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reading this file must ignore unknown fields. Example:
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<literal>DEBIAN_BTS="debbugs://bugs.debian.org/"</literal></para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Example</title>
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<programlisting>NAME=Fedora
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VERSION="17 (Beefy Miracle)"
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ID=fedora
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VERSION_ID=17
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PRETTY_NAME="Fedora 17 (Beefy Miracle)"
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ANSI_COLOR="0;34"
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CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:17"
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HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/"
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BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"</programlisting>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>lsb_release</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>hostname</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-info</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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