mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd-stable.git
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72f4d9669c
This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous comma placement fixes…
414 lines
22 KiB
XML
414 lines
22 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Brandon Philips
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="tmpfiles.d">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>tmpfiles.d</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Documentation</contrib>
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<firstname>Brandon</firstname>
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<surname>Philips</surname>
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<email>brandon@ifup.org</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>tmpfiles.d</refname>
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<refpurpose>Configuration for creation, deletion and
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cleaning of volatile and temporary files</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> uses the
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configuration files from the above directories to describe the
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creation, cleaning and removal of volatile and
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temporary files and directories which usually reside
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in directories such as <filename>/run</filename>
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or <filename>/tmp</filename>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Configuration Format</title>
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<para>Each configuration file shall be named in the
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style of <filename><package>.conf</filename>.
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Files in <filename>/etc/</filename> override files
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with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>
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and <filename>/run/</filename>. Files in
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<filename>/run/</filename> override files with the same
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name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Packages
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should install their configuration files in
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<filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Files in
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<filename>/etc/</filename> are reserved for the local
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administrator, who may use this logic to override the
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configuration files installed by vendor packages. All
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configuration files are sorted by their filename in
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lexicographic order, regardless in which of the
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directories they reside. If multiple files specify the
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same path, the entry in the file with the lexicographically
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earliest name will be applied, all all other conflicting
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entries logged as errors.</para>
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<para>If the administrator wants to disable a
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configuration file supplied by the vendor, the
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recommended way is to place a symlink to
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<filename>/dev/null</filename> in
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<filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/</filename> bearing the
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same filename.</para>
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<para>The configuration format is one line per path
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containing action, path, mode, ownership, age and argument
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fields:</para>
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<programlisting>Type Path Mode UID GID Age Argument
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d /run/user 0755 root root 10d -
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L /tmp/foobar - - - - /dev/null</programlisting>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Type</title>
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<para>The following line types are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>f</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a file if it does not exist yet (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>F</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create or truncate a file (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>w</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Write the argument parameter to a file, if the file exists.
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Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in place of normal path
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names. The argument parameter will be written without a trailing
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newline. C-style backslash escapes are interpreted.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>d</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a directory if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>D</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create or empty a directory</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>p</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a named pipe (FIFO) if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>L</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a symlink if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>c</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a character device node if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>b</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Create a block device node if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>m</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>If the
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specified file path exists,
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adjust its access mode, group
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and user to the specified
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values and reset the SELinux
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label. If it does not exist, do
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nothing.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>x</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Ignore a path
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during cleaning. Use this type
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to exclude paths from clean-up
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as controlled with the Age
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parameter. Note that lines of
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this type do not influence the
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effect of r or R lines. Lines
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of this type accept
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shell-style globs in place of
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normal path
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names.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>X</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Ignore a path
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during cleaning. Use this type
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to exclude paths from clean-up
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as controlled with the Age
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parameter. Unlike x, this
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parameter will not exclude the
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content if path is a directory,
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but only directory itself.
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Note that lines of this type do
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not influence the effect of r
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or R lines. Lines of this type
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accept shell-style globs in
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place of normal path
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names.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>r</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Remove a file
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or directory if it
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exists. This may not be used
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to remove non-empty
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directories, use R for
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that. Lines of this type
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accept shell-style globs in
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place of normal path
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names.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>R</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Recursively
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remove a path and all its
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subdirectories (if it is a
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directory). Lines of this type
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accept shell-style globs in
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place of normal path
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names.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>z</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Restore
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SELinux security context label
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and set ownership and access
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mode of a file or directory if
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it exists. Lines of this type
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accept shell-style globs in
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place of normal path names.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Z</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Recursively
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restore SELinux security
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context label and set
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ownership and access mode of a
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path and all its
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subdirectories (if it is a
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directory). Lines of this type
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accept shell-style globs in
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place of normal path
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names.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Path</title>
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<para>The file system path specification supports simple specifier
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expansion. The following expansions are
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understood:</para>
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<table>
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<title>Specifiers available</title>
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<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
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<colspec colname="spec" />
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<colspec colname="mean" />
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<colspec colname="detail" />
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Specifier</entry>
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<entry>Meaning</entry>
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<entry>Details</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%m</literal></entry>
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<entry>Machine ID</entry>
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<entry>The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%b</literal></entry>
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<entry>Boot ID</entry>
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<entry>The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>random</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%H</literal></entry>
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<entry>Host name</entry>
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<entry>The hostname of the running system.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%v</literal></entry>
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<entry>Kernel release</entry>
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<entry>Identical to <command>uname -r</command> output.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%%</literal></entry>
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<entry>Escaped %</entry>
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<entry>Single percent sign.</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Mode</title>
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<para>The file access mode to use when
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creating this file or directory. If omitted or
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when set to -, the default is used: 0755 for
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directories, 0644 for all other file
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objects. For z, Z lines, if omitted or when set
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to -, the file access mode will not be
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modified. This parameter is ignored for x, r,
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R, L lines.</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>UID, GID</title>
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<para>The user and group to use for this file
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or directory. This may either be a numeric
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user/group ID or a user or group name. If
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omitted or when set to -, the default 0 (root)
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is used. For z, Z lines, when omitted or when set to -,
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the file ownership will not be modified.
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These parameters are ignored for x, r, R, L lines.</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Age</title>
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<para>The date field, when set, is used to
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decide what files to delete when cleaning. If
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a file or directory is older than the current
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time minus the age field, it is deleted. The
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field format is a series of integers each
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followed by one of the following
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postfixes for the respective time units:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>s</varname></term>
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<term><varname>min</varname></term>
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<term><varname>h</varname></term>
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<term><varname>d</varname></term>
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<term><varname>w</varname></term>
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<term><varname>ms</varname></term>
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<term><varname>m</varname></term>
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<term><varname>us</varname></term></varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>If multiple integers and units are specified, the time
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values are summed up. If an integer is given without a unit,
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s is assumed.
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</para>
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<para>When the age is set to zero, the files are cleaned
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unconditionally.</para>
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<para>The age field only applies to lines starting with
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d, D and x. If omitted or set to -, no automatic clean-up
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is done.</para>
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<para>If the age field starts with a tilde
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character (~), the clean-up is only applied to
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files and directories one level inside the
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directory specified, but not the files and
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directories immediately inside it.</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Argument</title>
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<para>For L lines determines the destination
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path of the symlink. For c, b determines the
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major/minor of the device node, with major and
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minor formatted as integers, separated by :,
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e.g. "1:3". For f, F, w may be used to specify
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a short string that is written to the file,
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suffixed by a newline. Ignored for all other
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lines.</para>
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</refsect2>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Example</title>
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<example>
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<title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/screen.conf example</title>
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<para><command>screen</command> needs two directories created at boot with specific modes and ownership.</para>
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<programlisting>d /var/run/screens 1777 root root 10d
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d /var/run/uscreens 0755 root root 10d12h</programlisting>
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</example>
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<example>
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<title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/abrt.conf example</title>
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<para><command>abrt</command> needs a directory created at boot with specific mode and ownership and its content should be preserved.</para>
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<programlisting>d /var/tmp/abrt 0755 abrt abrt
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x /var/tmp/abrt/*</programlisting>
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</example>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tmpfiles</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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