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<refentry id= "kernel-command-line" >
<refentryinfo >
<title > kernel-command-line</title>
<productname > systemd</productname>
<authorgroup >
<author >
<contrib > Developer</contrib>
<firstname > Lennart</firstname>
<surname > Poettering</surname>
<email > lennart@poettering.net</email>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta >
<refentrytitle > kernel-command-line</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum > 7</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv >
<refname > kernel-command-line</refname>
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<refpurpose > Kernel command line parameters</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv >
<para > <filename > /proc/cmdline</filename> </para>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 >
<title > Description</title>
<para > The kernel, the initial RAM disk (initrd) and
basic userspace functionality may be configured at boot via
kernel command line arguments.</para>
<para > For command line parameters understood by the
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kernel, please see <ulink
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url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt"><filename > kernel-parameters.txt</filename> </ulink>
and
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > bootparam</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
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<para > For command line parameters understood by the
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initial RAM disk, please see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
or the documentation of the specific initrd
implementation of your installation.</para>
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</refsect1>
<refsect1 >
<title > Core OS Command Line Arguments</title>
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<variablelist class= 'kernel-commandline-options' >
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<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > systemd.unit=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.systemd.unit=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.dump_core=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.crash_shell=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.crash_chvt=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.confirm_spawn=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.show_status=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.log_target=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.log_level=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.log_color=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.log_location=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.default_standard_output=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.default_standard_error=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.setenv=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the system and service manager
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to control system behavior. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > systemd.restore_state=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
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<para > This parameter is understood by
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several system tools to control
whether or not they should restore
system state from the previous boot.
For details, see
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry>
and
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-rfkill@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > quiet</varname> </term>
<listitem >
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<para > Parameter understood by
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both the kernel and the system
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and service manager to control
console log verbosity. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > debug</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameter understood by
both the kernel and the system
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and service manager to control
console log verbosity. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
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<term > <varname > -b</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > emergency</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > single</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > s</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > S</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > 1</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > 2</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > 3</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > 4</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > 5</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the system and service
manager, as compatibility
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options. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > locale.LANG=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LANGUAGE=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_CTYPE=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_NUMERIC=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_TIME=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_COLLATE=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_MONETARY=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_MESSAGES=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_PAPER=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_NAME=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_ADDRESS=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_TELEPHONE=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the system and service manager
to control locale and language
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settings. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > fsck.mode=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
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<para > Parameter understood by
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the file system checker
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services. For details, see
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > fsck.repair=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameter understood by
the file system checker
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services. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
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</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > quotacheck.mode=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
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<para > Parameter understood by
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the file quota checker
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service. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
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</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</varname> </term>
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<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the journal service. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > vconsole.keymap=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > vconsole.keymap.toggle=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > vconsole.font=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > vconsole.font.map=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > vconsole.font.unimap=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the virtual console setup logic. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > udev.log-priority=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.udev.log-priority=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > udev.children-max=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > rd.udev.children-max=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > udev.exec-delay=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.udev.exec-delay=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > net.ifnames=</varname> </term>
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<listitem >
<para > Parameters understood by
the device event managing daemon. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
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</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > plymouth.enable=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > May be used to disable
the Plymouth boot splash. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > plymouth</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > luks=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.luks=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > luks.crypttab=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.luks.crypttab=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > luks.uuid=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.luks.uuid=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > luks.options=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.luks.options=</varname> </term>
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<term > <varname > luks.key=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.luks.key=</varname> </term>
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<listitem >
<para > Configures the LUKS
full-disk encryption logic at
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boot. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry >
<term > <varname > fstab=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.fstab=</varname> </term>
<listitem >
<para > Configures the
<filename > /etc/fstab</filename>
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logic at boot. For details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
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</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry >
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<term > <varname > modules-load=</varname> </term>
<term > <varname > rd.modules-load=</varname> </term>
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<listitem >
<para > Load a specific kernel
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module early at boot. For
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details, see
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> .</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
<refsect1 >
<title > See Also</title>
<para >
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > bootparam</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > plymouth</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry> ,
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry>
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<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry>
<citerefentry > <refentrytitle > systemd-rfkill@.service</refentrytitle> <manvolnum > 8</manvolnum> </citerefentry>
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</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
