systemd/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.xml

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  SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+

  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright 2013 Lennart Poettering
-->
<refentry id="systemd-gpt-auto-generator">

  <refentryinfo>
    <title>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</title>
    <productname>systemd</productname>

    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <contrib>Developer</contrib>
        <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
        <surname>Poettering</surname>
        <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refname>
    <refpurpose>Generator for automatically discovering
    and mounting root, <filename>/home</filename> and
    <filename>/srv</filename> partitions, as well as
    discovering and enabling swap partitions, based on GPT
    partition type GUIDs.</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename></para>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> is a unit
    generator that automatically discovers root,
    <filename>/home</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename> and swap
    partitions and creates mount and swap units for them, based on the
    partition type GUIDs of GUID partition tables (GPT),
    see <ulink url="http://www.uefi.org/specifications">UEFI Specification</ulink>, chapter 5.
    It implements the <ulink
    url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec/">Discoverable
    Partitions Specification</ulink>. Note that this generator has no
    effect on non-GPT systems, or where the directories under the
    mount points are already non-empty. Also, on systems where the
    units are explicitly configured (for example, listed in
    <citerefentry
    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>),
    the units this generator creates are overridden, but additional
    implicit dependencies might be created.</para>

    <para>This generator will only look for root partitions on the
    same physical disk the EFI System Partition (ESP) is located on.
    It will only look for the other partitions on the same physical
    disk the root file system is located on. These partitions will not
    be searched for on systems where the root file system is distributed
    on multiple disks, for example via btrfs RAID.</para>

    <para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> is useful
    for centralizing file system configuration in the partition table
    and making configuration in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> unnecessary.
    </para>

    <para>This generator looks for the partitions based on their
    partition type GUID. The following partition type GUIDs are
    identified:</para>

    <table>
      <title>Partition Type GUIDs</title>
      <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
        <colspec colname="guid" />
        <colspec colname="name" />
        <colspec colname="explanation" />
        <thead>
          <row>
            <entry>Partition Type GUID</entry>
            <entry>Name</entry>
            <entry>Explanation</entry>
          </row>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>44479540-f297-41b2-9af7-d131d5f0458a</entry>
            <entry><filename>Root Partition (x86)</filename></entry>
            <entry>On 32-bit x86 systems, the first x86 root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>4f68bce3-e8cd-4db1-96e7-fbcaf984b709</entry>
            <entry><filename>Root Partition (x86-64)</filename></entry>
            <entry>On 64-bit x86 systems, the first x86-64 root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>69dad710-2ce4-4e3c-b16c-21a1d49abed3</entry>
            <entry><filename>Root Partition (32-bit ARM)</filename></entry>
            <entry>On 32-bit ARM systems, the first ARM root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>b921b045-1df0-41c3-af44-4c6f280d3fae</entry>
            <entry><filename>Root Partition (64-bit ARM)</filename></entry>
            <entry>On 64-bit ARM systems, the first ARM root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>993d8d3d-f80e-4225-855a-9daf8ed7ea97</entry>
            <entry><filename>Root Partition (Itanium/IA-64)</filename></entry>
            <entry>On Itanium systems, the first Itanium root partition on the disk the EFI ESP is located on is mounted to the root directory <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>933ac7e1-2eb4-4f13-b844-0e14e2aef915</entry>
            <entry>Home Partition</entry>
            <entry>The first home partition on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/home</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>3b8f8425-20e0-4f3b-907f-1a25a76f98e8</entry>
            <entry>Server Data Partition</entry>
            <entry>The first server data partition on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/srv</filename>.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>0657fd6d-a4ab-43c4-84e5-0933c84b4f4f</entry>
            <entry>Swap</entry>
            <entry>All swap partitions located on the disk the root partition is located on are enabled.</entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b</entry>
            <entry>EFI System Partition (ESP)</entry>
            <entry>The first ESP located on the disk the root partition is located on is mounted to <filename>/boot</filename> or <filename>/efi</filename>, see below.</entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </table>

    <para>This generator understands the following attribute flags for partitions:</para>

    <table>
      <title>Partition Attributes</title>
      <tgroup cols='4' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
        <colspec colname="attribute" />
        <colspec colname="value" />
        <colspec colname="where" />
        <colspec colname="explanation" />
        <thead>
          <row>
            <entry>Name</entry>
            <entry>Value</entry>
            <entry>Applicable to</entry>
            <entry>Explanation</entry>
          </row>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_READ_ONLY</constant></entry>
            <entry>0x1000000000000000</entry>
            <entry><filename>/</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename>, <filename>/home</filename></entry>
            <entry>Partition is mounted read-only</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_NO_AUTO</constant></entry>
            <entry>0x8000000000000000</entry>
            <entry><filename>/</filename>, <filename>/srv</filename>, <filename>/home</filename></entry>
            <entry>Partition is not mounted automatically</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><constant>GPT_FLAG_NO_BLOCK_IO_PROTOCOL</constant></entry>
            <entry>0x0000000000000002</entry>
            <entry>ESP</entry>
            <entry>Partition is not mounted automatically</entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </table>

    <para>The <filename>/home</filename> and <filename>/srv</filename>
    partitions may be encrypted in LUKS format. In this case, a device
    mapper device is set up under the names
    <filename>/dev/mapper/home</filename> and
    <filename>/dev/mapper/srv</filename>. Note that this might create
    conflicts if the same partition is listed in
    <filename>/etc/crypttab</filename> with a different device mapper
    device name.</para>

    <para>Mount and automount units for the EFI System Partition (ESP) are generated on EFI systems. The ESP is mounted
    to <filename>/boot</filename>, unless a mount point directory <filename>/efi</filename> exists, in which case it is
    mounted there. Since this generator creates an automount unit, the mount will only be activated on-demand, when
    accessed. On systems where <filename>/boot</filename> (or <filename>/efi</filename> if it exists) is an explicitly
    configured mount (for example, listed in <citerefentry
    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>) or where the
    <filename>/boot</filename> (or <filename>/efi</filename>) mount point is non-empty, no mount units are
    generated.</para>

    <para>When using this generator in conjunction with btrfs file
    systems, make sure to set the correct default subvolumes on them,
    using <command>btrfs subvolume set-default</command>.</para>

    <para><filename>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</filename> implements
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See Also</title>
    <para>
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>cryptsetup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>btrfs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    </para>
  </refsect1>

</refentry>