systemd/src/udev/udev-builtin-net_id.c

/***
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright 2012 Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/

/*
 * predictable network interface device names based on:
 *  - firmware/bios-provided index numbers for on-board devices
 *  - firmware-provided pci-express hotplug slot index number
 *  - physical/geographical location of the hardware
 *  - the interface's MAC address
 *
 * two character prefixes based on the type of interface:
 *   en -- ethernet
 *   wl -- wlan
 *   ww -- wwan
 *
 * type of names:
 *   o<index>                   -- on-board device index number
 *   s<slot>[f<function>]       -- hotplug slot index number
 *   x<MAC>                     -- MAC address
 *   p<bus>s<slot>[f<function>] -- PCI geographical location
 *   p<bus>s<slot>[f<function>][u<port>][u<port>][c<config>][i<interface>]
 *                              -- USB port number chain
 *
 * All multi-function devices will carry the [f<function>] number in the
 * device name, including the function 0 device.
 *
 * PCI card with firmware index
 *   ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD=eno1
 *   ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD_LABEL=Ethernet Port 1
 *
 * PCI card
 *   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.3/0000:05:00.0/net/ens1
 *   ID_NET_NAME_MAC=enx000000000466
 *   ID_NET_NAME_PATH=enp5s0
 *   ID_NET_NAME_SLOT=ens1
 *
 * PCI card in hotplug slot with firmware index number:
 *   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.3/0000:05:00.0/net/ens1
 *   ID_NET_NAME_MAC=enx000000000466
 *   ID_NET_NAME_PATH=enp5s0
 *   ID_NET_NAME_SLOT=ens1
 *
 * PCI wlan card:
 *   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.1/0000:03:00.0/net/wlp3s0
 *   ID_NET_NAME_MAC=wlx0024d7e31130
 *   ID_NET_NAME_PATH=wlp3s0
 *
 * USB built-in 3G modem:
 *   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.4/2-1.4:1.6/net/wwp0s29u1u4i6
 *   ID_NET_NAME_MAC=wwx028037ec0200
 *   ID_NET_NAME_PATH=wwp0s29u1u4i6
 *
 * USB Android phone:
 *   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2/2-1.2:1.0/net/enp0s29u1u2
 *   ID_NET_NAME_MAC=enxd626b3450fb5
 *   ID_NET_NAME_PATH=enp0s29u1u2
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <linux/pci_regs.h>

#include "udev.h"

enum netname_type{
        NET_UNDEF,
        NET_PCI,
        NET_USB,
};

struct netnames {
        enum netname_type type;

        uint8_t mac[6];
        bool mac_valid;

        struct udev_device *pcidev;
        char pci_slot[IFNAMSIZ];
        char pci_path[IFNAMSIZ];
        char pci_onboard[IFNAMSIZ];
        const char *pci_onboard_label;

        struct udev_device *usbdev;
        char usb_ports[IFNAMSIZ];
};

/* retrieve on-board index number and label from firmware */
static int dev_pci_onboard(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names) {
        const char *index;
        int idx;

        /* ACPI _DSM  -- device specific method for naming a PCI or PCI Express device */
        index = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(names->pcidev, "acpi_index");
        /* SMBIOS type 41 -- Onboard Devices Extended Information */
        if (!index)
                index = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(names->pcidev, "index");
        if (!index)
                return -ENOENT;
        idx = strtoul(index, NULL, 0);
        if (idx <= 0)
                return -EINVAL;
        snprintf(names->pci_onboard, sizeof(names->pci_onboard), "o%d", idx);

        names->pci_onboard_label = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(names->pcidev, "label");
        return 0;
}

/* read the 256 bytes PCI configuration space to check the multi-function bit */
static bool is_pci_singlefunction(struct udev_device *dev) {
        char filename[256];
        FILE *f;
        char config[64];
        bool single = false;

        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/config", udev_device_get_syspath(dev));
        f = fopen(filename, "re");
        if (!f)
                goto out;
        if (fread(&config, sizeof(config), 1, f) != 1)
                goto out;

        /* bit 0-6 header type, bit 7 multi/single function device */
        if ((config[PCI_HEADER_TYPE] & 0x80) == 0)
                single = true;
out:
        fclose(f);
        return single;
}

static int dev_pci_slot(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names) {
        struct udev *udev = udev_device_get_udev(names->pcidev);
        unsigned int bus;
        unsigned int slot;
        unsigned int func;
        struct udev_device *pci = NULL;
        char slots[256];
        DIR *dir;
        struct dirent *dent;
        char str[256];
        int hotplug_slot = 0;
        int err = 0;

        /* compose a name based on the raw kernel's PCI bus, slot numbers */
        if (sscanf(udev_device_get_sysname(names->pcidev), "0000:%x:%x.%d", &bus, &slot, &func) != 3)
                return -ENOENT;
        if (func == 0 && is_pci_singlefunction(names->pcidev))
                snprintf(names->pci_path, sizeof(names->pci_path), "p%ds%d", bus, slot);
        else
                snprintf(names->pci_path, sizeof(names->pci_path), "p%ds%df%d", bus, slot, func);

        /* ACPI _SUN  -- slot user number */
        pci = udev_device_new_from_subsystem_sysname(udev, "subsystem", "pci");
        if (!pci) {
                err = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        snprintf(slots, sizeof(slots), "%s/slots", udev_device_get_syspath(pci));
        dir = opendir(slots);
        if (!dir) {
                err = -errno;
                goto out;
        }

        for (dent = readdir(dir); dent != NULL; dent = readdir(dir)) {
                int i;
                char *rest;
                char *address;

                if (dent->d_name[0] == '.')
                        continue;
                i = strtol(dent->d_name, &rest, 10);
                if (rest[0] != '\0')
                        continue;
                if (i < 1)
                        continue;
                snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s/%s/address", slots, dent->d_name);
                if (read_one_line_file(str, &address) >= 0) {
                        /* match slot address with device by stripping the function */
                        if (strncmp(address, udev_device_get_sysname(names->pcidev), strlen(address)) == 0)
                                hotplug_slot = i;
                        free(address);
                }

                if (hotplug_slot > 0)
                        break;
        }
        closedir(dir);

        if (hotplug_slot > 0) {
                if (func == 0 && is_pci_singlefunction(names->pcidev))
                        snprintf(names->pci_slot, sizeof(names->pci_slot), "s%d", hotplug_slot);
                else
                        snprintf(names->pci_slot, sizeof(names->pci_slot), "s%df%d", hotplug_slot, func);
        }
out:
        udev_device_unref(pci);
        return err;
}

static int names_pci(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names) {
        struct udev_device *parent;

        parent = udev_device_get_parent(dev);
        if (!parent)
                return -ENOENT;
        /* check if our direct parent is a PCI device with no other bus in-between */
        if (streq("pci", udev_device_get_subsystem(parent))) {
                names->type = NET_PCI;
                names->pcidev = parent;
        } else {
                names->pcidev = udev_device_get_parent_with_subsystem_devtype(dev, "pci", NULL);
                if (!names->pcidev)
                        return -ENOENT;
        }
        dev_pci_onboard(dev, names);
        dev_pci_slot(dev, names);
        return 0;
}

static int names_usb(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names) {
        char name[256];
        char *ports;
        char *config;
        char *interf;
        size_t l;
        char *s;

        names->usbdev = udev_device_get_parent_with_subsystem_devtype(dev, "usb", "usb_interface");
        if (!names->usbdev)
                return -ENOENT;

        /* get USB port number chain, configuration, interface */
        util_strscpy(name, sizeof(name), udev_device_get_sysname(names->usbdev));
        s = strchr(name, '-');
        if (!s)
                return -EINVAL;
        ports = s+1;

        s = strchr(ports, ':');
        if (!s)
                return -EINVAL;
        s[0] = '\0';
        config = s+1;

        s = strchr(config, '.');
        if (!s)
                return -EINVAL;
        s[0] = '\0';
        interf = s+1;

        /* prefix every port number in the chain with "u"*/
        s = ports;
        while ((s = strchr(s, '.')))
                s[0] = 'u';
        s = names->usb_ports;
        l = util_strpcpyl(&s, sizeof(names->usb_ports), "u", ports, NULL);

        /* append USB config number, suppress the common config == 1 */
        if (!streq(config, "1"))
                l = util_strpcpyl(&s, sizeof(names->usb_ports), "c", config, NULL);

        /* append USB interface number, suppress the interface == 0 */
        if (!streq(interf, "0"))
                l = util_strpcpyl(&s, sizeof(names->usb_ports), "i", interf, NULL);
        if (l == 0)
                return -ENAMETOOLONG;

        names->type = NET_USB;
        return 0;
}

static int names_mac(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names) {
        const char *s;
        unsigned int i;
        unsigned int a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6;

        /* check for NET_ADDR_PERM, skip random MAC addresses */
        s = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "addr_assign_type");
        if (!s)
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
        i = strtoul(s, NULL, 0);
        if (i != 0)
                return 0;

        s = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "address");
        if (!s)
                return -ENOENT;
        if (sscanf(s, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", &a1, &a2, &a3, &a4, &a5, &a6) != 6)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* skip empty MAC addresses */
        if (a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 == 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        names->mac[0] = a1;
        names->mac[1] = a2;
        names->mac[2] = a3;
        names->mac[3] = a4;
        names->mac[4] = a5;
        names->mac[5] = a6;
        names->mac_valid = true;
        return 0;
}

/* IEEE Organizationally Unique Identifier vendor string */
static int ieee_oui(struct udev_device *dev, struct netnames *names, bool test) {
        char str[IFNAMSIZ];

        if (names->mac_valid)
                return -ENOENT;
        /* skip commonly misused 00:00:00 (Xerox) prefix */
        if (memcmp(names->mac, "\0\0\0", 3) == 0)
                return -EINVAL;
        snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "OUI:%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",
                 names->mac[0], names->mac[1], names->mac[2],
                 names->mac[3], names->mac[4], names->mac[5]);
        udev_builtin_hwdb_lookup(dev, str, test);
        return 0;
}

static int builtin_net_id(struct udev_device *dev, int argc, char *argv[], bool test) {
        const char *s;
        unsigned int i;
        const char *devtype;
        const char *prefix = "en";
        struct netnames names;
        int err;

        /* handle only ARPHRD_ETHER devices */
        s = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "type");
        if (!s)
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
        i = strtoul(s, NULL, 0);
        if (i != 1)
                return 0;

        devtype = udev_device_get_devtype(dev);
        if (devtype) {
                if (streq("wlan", devtype))
                        prefix = "wl";
                else if (streq("wwan", devtype))
                        prefix = "ww";
        }

        zero(names);
        err = names_mac(dev, &names);
        if (err >= 0 && names.mac_valid) {
                char str[IFNAMSIZ];

                snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%sx%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x", prefix,
                         names.mac[0], names.mac[1], names.mac[2],
                         names.mac[3], names.mac[4], names.mac[5]);
                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_MAC", str);

                ieee_oui(dev, &names, test);
        }

        /* get PCI based path names, we compose only PCI based paths */
        err = names_pci(dev, &names);
        if (err < 0)
                goto out;

        /* plain PCI device */
        if (names.type == NET_PCI) {
                char str[IFNAMSIZ];

                if (names.pci_onboard[0])
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s", prefix, names.pci_onboard) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD", str);

                if (names.pci_onboard_label)
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s", prefix, names.pci_onboard_label) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_LABEL_ONBOARD", str);

                if (names.pci_path[0])
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s", prefix, names.pci_path) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_PATH", str);

                if (names.pci_slot[0])
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s", prefix, names.pci_slot) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_SLOT", str);
                goto out;
        }

        /* USB device */
        err = names_usb(dev, &names);
        if (err >= 0 && names.type == NET_USB) {
                char str[IFNAMSIZ];

                if (names.pci_path[0])
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s%s", prefix, names.pci_path, names.usb_ports) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_PATH", str);

                if (names.pci_slot[0])
                        if (snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s%s%s", prefix, names.pci_slot, names.usb_ports) < (int)sizeof(str))
                                udev_builtin_add_property(dev, test, "ID_NET_NAME_SLOT", str);
        }
out:
        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

const struct udev_builtin udev_builtin_net_id = {
        .name = "net_id",
        .cmd = builtin_net_id,
        .help = "network device properties",
};