diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index 1b7dc2183d1..87da6e18ccd 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 218: another unit listed in its Also= setting might be. * Similar to the various existing ConditionXYZ= settings for - units there are now matching AssertXYZ= settings. While + units, there are now matching AssertXYZ= settings. While failing conditions cause a unit to be skipped, but its job to succeed, failing assertions declared like this will cause a unit start operation and its job to fail. @@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 218: * hostnamed now knows a new chassis type "embedded". * systemctl gained a new "edit" command. When used on a unit - file this allows extending unit files with .d/ drop-in + file, this allows extending unit files with .d/ drop-in configuration snippets or editing the full file (after copying it from /usr/lib to /etc). This will invoke the user's editor (as configured with $EDITOR), and reload the @@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 218: inhibitors. * Scope and service units gained a new "Delegate" boolean - property, which when set allows processes running inside the + property, which, when set, allows processes running inside the unit to further partition resources. This is primarily useful for systemd user instances as well as container managers. @@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 218: audit fields are split up and fully indexed. This means that journalctl in many ways is now a (nicer!) alternative to ausearch, the traditional audit client. Note that this - implements only a minimal audit client, if you want the + implements only a minimal audit client. If you want the special audit modes like reboot-on-log-overflow, please use the traditional auditd instead, which can be used in parallel to journald. @@ -1262,9 +1262,9 @@ CHANGES WITH 218: will spew out warnings if the compilation fails. This requires libxkbcommon to be installed. - * When a coredump is collected a larger number of metadata + * When a coredump is collected, a larger number of metadata fields is now collected and included in the journal records - created for it. More specifically control group membership, + created for it. More specifically, control group membership, environment variables, memory maps, working directory, chroot directory, /proc/$PID/status, and a list of open file descriptors is now stored in the log entry. @@ -1934,8 +1934,8 @@ CHANGES WITH 215: open_by_handle_at() is now prohibited for containers, closing a hole similar to a recently discussed vulnerability in docker regarding access to files on file hierarchies the - container should normally not have access to. Note that for - nspawn we generally make no security claims anyway (and + container should normally not have access to. Note that, for + nspawn, we generally make no security claims anyway (and this is explicitly documented in the man page), so this is just a fix for one of the most obvious problems. @@ -4274,8 +4274,8 @@ CHANGES WITH 197: devices as seat masters, i.e. as devices that are required to be existing before a seat is considered preset. Instead, it will now look for all devices that are tagged as - "seat-master" in udev. By default framebuffer devices will - be marked as such, but depending on local systems other + "seat-master" in udev. By default, framebuffer devices will + be marked as such, but depending on local systems, other devices might be marked as well. This may be used to integrate graphics cards using closed source drivers (such as NVidia ones) more nicely into logind. Note however, that @@ -5315,7 +5315,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 44: * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always - and unconditionally override vendor supplied or + and unconditionally override vendor-supplied or automatically generated data. * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man diff --git a/man/bootchart.conf.xml b/man/bootchart.conf.xml index bf6ca0bf9e9..f6ac7e6ae2a 100644 --- a/man/bootchart.conf.xml +++ b/man/bootchart.conf.xml @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Frequency=25 Configure the sample log frequency. This can be a fractional number, but must be larger than 0.0. Most - systems can cope with values under 25-50 without impacting + systems can cope with values under 25–50 without impacting boot time severely. diff --git a/man/bootctl.xml b/man/bootctl.xml index 63ad9392ebc..7e915e9eb53 100644 --- a/man/bootctl.xml +++ b/man/bootctl.xml @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ versions of systemd-boot, if the current version is newer than the version installed in the EFI system partition. This also includes the EFI default/fallback loader at /EFI/Boot/boot*.efi. A - systemd-boot entry in the EFI boot variables is created, if there + systemd-boot entry in the EFI boot variables is created if there is no current entry. The created entry will be added to the end of the boot order list. @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ versions of systemd-boot from the EFI system partition, and removes systemd-boot from the EFI boot variables. - If no command is passed status is + If no command is passed, status is implied. @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Exit status - On success 0 is returned, a non-zero failure + On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise. diff --git a/man/busctl.xml b/man/busctl.xml index 4f0b2a7051f..4d8433f1fb1 100644 --- a/man/busctl.xml +++ b/man/busctl.xml @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ - When used with the capture command + When used with the capture command, specifies the maximum bus message size to capture ("snaplen"). Defaults to 4096 bytes. @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ - When used with the tree command shows a + When used with the tree command, shows a flat list of object paths instead of a tree. @@ -146,9 +146,9 @@ - When used with the call command + When used with the call command, suppresses display of the response message payload. Note that even - if this option is specified errors returned will still be + if this option is specified, errors returned will still be printed and the tool will indicate success or failure with the process exit code. @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ When used with the call or - get-property command shows output in a + get-property command, shows output in a more verbose format. @@ -168,15 +168,15 @@ BOOL - When used with the call command + When used with the call command, specifies whether busctl shall wait for completion of the method call, output the returned method response data, and return success or failure via the process - exit code. If this is set to no the + exit code. If this is set to no, the method call will be issued but no response is expected, the tool terminates immediately, and thus no response can be shown, and no success or failure is returned via the exit - code. To only suppress output of the reply message payload + code. To only suppress output of the reply message payload, use above. Defaults to yes. @@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ BOOL - When used with the call command specifies + When used with the call command, specifies whether the method call should implicitly activate the - called service should it not be running yet but is + called service, should it not be running yet but is configured to be auto-started. Defaults to yes. @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ BOOL - When used with the call command + When used with the call command, specifies whether the services may enforce interactive authorization while executing the operation, if the security policy is configured for this. Defaults to @@ -210,14 +210,14 @@ SECS - When used with the call command + When used with the call command, specifies the maximum time to wait for method call - completion. If no time unit is specified assumes + completion. If no time unit is specified, assumes seconds. The usual other units are understood, too (ms, us, s, min, h, d, w, month, y). Note that this timeout does not - apply if is used as the + apply if is used, as the tool does not wait for any reply message then. When not - specified or when set to 0 the default of + specified or when set to 0, the default of 25s is assumed. @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ Controls whether credential data reported by list or status shall be augmented with data from - /proc. When this is turned on the data + /proc. When this is turned on, the data shown is possibly inconsistent, as the data read from /proc might be more recent than rest of the credential information. Defaults to yes. @@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ list Show all peers on the bus, by their service - names. By default shows both unique and well-known names, but + names. By default, shows both unique and well-known names, but this may be changed with the and switches. This is the default operation if no command is specified. @@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ capture SERVICE Similar to monitor but - writes the output in pcap format (for details see the Libpcap File Format description. Make sure to redirect the output to STDOUT to a file. Tools like @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ Show interfaces, methods, properties and signals of the specified object (identified by its path) on - the specified service. If the interface argument is passed the + the specified service. If the interface argument is passed, the output is limited to members of the specified interface. @@ -322,10 +322,10 @@ Invoke a method and show the response. Takes a service name, object path, interface name and method name. If - parameters shall be passed to the method call a signature + parameters shall be passed to the method call, a signature string is required, followed by the arguments, individually formatted as strings. For details on the formatting used, see - below. To suppress output of the returned data use the + below. To suppress output of the returned data, use the option. @@ -335,9 +335,9 @@ Retrieve the current value of one or more object properties. Takes a service name, object path, interface name and property name. Multiple properties may be - specified at once in which case their values will be shown one - after the other, separated by newlines. The output is by - default in terse format. Use for a + specified at once, in which case their values will be shown one + after the other, separated by newlines. The output is, by + default, in terse format. Use for a more elaborate output format. @@ -364,10 +364,10 @@ The call and set-property commands take a signature string followed by a list of parameters formatted as string (for details - on D-Bus signature strings see the Type system chapter of the D-Bus specification). For simple - types each parameter following the signature should simply be the + types, each parameter following the signature should simply be the parameter's value formatted as string. Positive boolean values may be formatted as true, yes, on, 1; negative boolean @@ -375,8 +375,8 @@ no, off, 0. For arrays, a numeric argument for the number of entries followed by the entries shall be specified. For - variants the signature of the contents shall be specified, - followed by the contents. For dictionaries and structs the + variants, the signature of the contents shall be specified, + followed by the contents. For dictionaries and structs, the contents of them shall be directly specified. For example, @@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ array that maps strings to variants, consisting of three entries. The string One is assigned the string Eins. The string - Two is assigned the 32bit unsigned + Two is assigned the 32-bit unsigned integer 2. The string Yes is assigned a positive boolean. @@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ ARRAY "s" { service, and passes it two strings cups.service and replace. As result of the method - call a single object path parameter is received and + call, a single object path parameter is received and shown: # busctl call org.freedesktop.systemd1 /org/freedesktop/systemd1 org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager StartUnit ss "cups.service" "replace" diff --git a/man/coredump.conf.xml b/man/coredump.conf.xml index 8e71f7d4ec9..1ce71535b61 100644 --- a/man/coredump.conf.xml +++ b/man/coredump.conf.xml @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ coredumps are processed. Note that old coredumps are also removed based on time via systemd-tmpfiles8. Set - either value to 0 to turn off size based + either value to 0 to turn off size-based clean-up. diff --git a/man/custom-html.xsl b/man/custom-html.xsl index 3e266e4a7f9..fe379a4ff00 100644 --- a/man/custom-html.xsl +++ b/man/custom-html.xsl @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ diff --git a/man/daemon.xml b/man/daemon.xml index a8bbfc055b6..b6125cb5c7f 100644 --- a/man/daemon.xml +++ b/man/daemon.xml @@ -490,13 +490,13 @@ configured address redundant. Another often suggested trigger for service activation is low system load. However, here too, a more convincing approach might be to make proper use of features - of the operating system, in particular, the CPU or IO scheduler + of the operating system, in particular, the CPU or I/O scheduler of Linux. Instead of scheduling jobs from userspace based on monitoring the OS scheduler, it is advisable to leave the scheduling of processes to the OS scheduler itself. systemd - provides fine-grained access to the CPU and IO schedulers. If a + provides fine-grained access to the CPU and I/O schedulers. If a process executed by the init system shall not negatively impact - the amount of CPU or IO bandwidth available to other processes, + the amount of CPU or I/O bandwidth available to other processes, it should be configured with CPUSchedulingPolicy=idle and/or IOSchedulingClass=idle. Optionally, this may diff --git a/man/file-hierarchy.xml b/man/file-hierarchy.xml index 058998b51f1..ff7887660db 100644 --- a/man/file-hierarchy.xml +++ b/man/file-hierarchy.xml @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ /boot The boot partition used for bringing up the - system. On EFI systems this is possibly the EFI System + system. On EFI systems, this is possibly the EFI System Partition, also see systemd-gpt-auto-generator8. This directory is usually strictly local to the host, and @@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ directory is usually mounted as a tmpfs instance, and should hence not be used for larger files. (Use /var/tmp for larger files.) Since the - directory is accessible to other users of the system it is + directory is accessible to other users of the system, it is essential that this directory is only written to with the mkstemp3, mkdtemp3 and related calls. This directory is usually flushed at boot-up. Also, files that are not accessed within a certain time are usually automatically deleted. If applications find - the environment variable $TMPDIR set they + the environment variable $TMPDIR set, they should prefer using the directory specified in it over directly referencing /tmp (see environ7 @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ /usr/bin - Binaries and executables for user commands, + Binaries and executables for user commands that shall appear in the $PATH search path. It is recommended not to place binaries in this directory that are not useful for invocation from a shell (such as daemon @@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ /usr/share/factory/var Similar to - /usr/share/factory/etc but for vendor + /usr/share/factory/etc, but for vendor versions of files in the variable, persistent data directory /var. @@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ /var/tmp The place for larger and persistent temporary - files. In contrast to /tmp this directory + files. In contrast to /tmp, this directory is usually mounted from a persistent physical file system and can thus accept larger files. (Use /tmp for smaller files.) This directory is generally not flushed at @@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ mkdtemp3 or similar calls should be used to make use of this directory. If applications find the environment variable - $TMPDIR set they should prefer using the + $TMPDIR set, they should prefer using the directory specified in it over directly referencing /var/tmp (see environ7 @@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ /dev - The root directory for device nodes. Usually + The root directory for device nodes. Usually, this directory is mounted as a devtmpfs instance, but might be of a different type in sandboxed/containerized setups. This directory is managed @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ write access to this directory, special care should be taken to avoid name clashes and vulnerabilities. For normal users, shared memory segments in this directory are usually deleted - when the user logs out. Usually it is a better idea to use + when the user logs out. Usually, it is a better idea to use memory mapped files in /run (for system programs) or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR (for user programs) instead of POSIX shared memory segments, since those @@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ that exposes a number of kernel tunables. The primary way to configure the settings in this API file tree is via sysctl.d5 - files. In sandboxed/containerized setups this directory is + files. In sandboxed/containerized setups, this directory is generally mounted read-only. @@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ discovered devices and other functionality. This file system is mostly an API to interface with the kernel and not a place where normal files may be stored. In sandboxed/containerized - setups this directory is generally mounted read-only. A number + setups, this directory is generally mounted read-only. A number of special purpose virtual file systems might be mounted below this directory. @@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ /lib64 - On some architecture ABIs this compatibility + On some architecture ABIs, this compatibility symlink points to $libdir, ensuring that binaries referencing this legacy path correctly find their dynamic loader. This symlink only exists on architectures @@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ directory should have no effect on operation of programs, except for increased runtimes necessary to rebuild these caches. If an application finds - $XDG_CACHE_HOME set is should use the + $XDG_CACHE_HOME set, is should use the directory specified in it instead of this directory. @@ -522,10 +522,10 @@ ~/.config Application configuration and state. When a - new user is created this directory will be empty or not exist + new user is created, this directory will be empty or not exist at all. Applications should fall back to defaults should their configuration or state in this directory be missing. If an - application finds $XDG_CONFIG_HOME set is + application finds $XDG_CONFIG_HOME set, is should use the directory specified in it instead of this directory. @@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ invocation from a shell; these should be placed in a subdirectory of ~/.local/lib instead. Care should be taken when placing architecture-dependent - binaries in this place which might be problematic if the home + binaries in this place, which might be problematic if the home directory is shared between multiple hosts with different architectures. @@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ ~/.local/lib/arch-id Location for placing public dynamic libraries. - The architecture identifier to use, is defined on Multiarch Architecture Specifiers (Tuples) list. @@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ such as fonts or artwork. Usually, the precise location and format of files stored below this directory is subject to specifications that ensure interoperability. If an application - finds $XDG_DATA_HOME set is should use the + finds $XDG_DATA_HOME set, is should use the directory specified in it instead of this directory. @@ -593,11 +593,11 @@ /run/user) of the user, which are all writable. - For unprivileged system processes only + For unprivileged system processes, only /tmp, /var/tmp and /dev/shm are writable. If an - unprivileged system process needs a private, writable directory in + unprivileged system process needs a private writable directory in /var or /run, it is recommended to either create it before dropping privileges in the daemon code, to create it via @@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ /usr/bin - Package executables that shall appear in the $PATH executable search path, compiled for any of the supported architectures compatible with the operating system. It is not recommended to place internal binaries or binaries that are not commonly invoked from the shell in this directory, such as daemon binaries. As this directory is shared with most other packages of the system special care should be taken to pick unique names for files placed here, that are unlikely to clash with other package's files. + Package executables that shall appear in the $PATH executable search path, compiled for any of the supported architectures compatible with the operating system. It is not recommended to place internal binaries or binaries that are not commonly invoked from the shell in this directory, such as daemon binaries. As this directory is shared with most other packages of the system, special care should be taken to pick unique names for files placed here, that are unlikely to clash with other package's files. /usr/lib/arch-id @@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ /usr/lib/package - Private, static vendor resources of the package, including private binaries and libraries, or any other kind of read-only vendor data. + Private static vendor resources of the package, including private binaries and libraries, or any other kind of read-only vendor data. /usr/lib/arch-id/package @@ -668,10 +668,10 @@ Additional static vendor files may be installed in the - /usr/share hierarchy, to the locations + /usr/share hierarchy to the locations defined by the various relevant specifications. - During runtime and for local configuration and state + During runtime, and for local configuration and state, additional directories are defined: @@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ /var/cache/package - Persistent cache data of the package. If this directory is flushed the application should work correctly on next invocation, though possibly slowed down due to the need to rebuild any local cache files. The application must be capable of recreating this directory should it be missing and necessary. + Persistent cache data of the package. If this directory is flushed, the application should work correctly on next invocation, though possibly slowed down due to the need to rebuild any local cache files. The application must be capable of recreating this directory should it be missing and necessary. /var/lib/package @@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ when placing their own files in the user's home directory. The following table lists recommended locations in the home directory for specific types of files supplied by the vendor if the - application is installed in the home directory. (Note however, + application is installed in the home directory. (Note, however, that user applications installed system-wide should follow the rules outlined above regarding placing vendor files.) @@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ ~/.local/bin - Package executables that shall appear in the $PATH executable search path. It is not recommended to place internal executables or executables that are not commonly invoked from the shell in this directory, such as daemon executables. As this directory is shared with most other packages of the user special care should be taken to pick unique names for files placed here, that are unlikely to clash with other package's files. + Package executables that shall appear in the $PATH executable search path. It is not recommended to place internal executables or executables that are not commonly invoked from the shell in this directory, such as daemon executables. As this directory is shared with most other packages of the user, special care should be taken to pick unique names for files placed here, that are unlikely to clash with other package's files. ~/.local/lib/arch-id @@ -763,10 +763,10 @@
Additional static vendor files may be installed in the - ~/.local/share hierarchy, to the locations + ~/.local/share hierarchy to the locations defined by the various relevant specifications. - During runtime and for local configuration and state + During runtime, and for local configuration and state, additional directories are defined: @@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ ~/.cache/package - Persistent cache data of the package. If this directory is flushed the application should work correctly on next invocation, though possibly slowed down due to the need to rebuild any local cache files. The application must be capable of recreating this directory should it be missing and necessary. + Persistent cache data of the package. If this directory is flushed, the application should work correctly on next invocation, though possibly slowed down due to the need to rebuild any local cache files. The application must be capable of recreating this directory should it be missing and necessary. diff --git a/man/hwdb.xml b/man/hwdb.xml index 80939dd95df..1ff6ec9fbec 100644 --- a/man/hwdb.xml +++ b/man/hwdb.xml @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ The hwdb file contains data records consisting of matches and associated key-value pairs. Every record in the hwdb starts with one or - more match string, specifying a shell glob to compare the database + more match strings, specifying a shell glob to compare the database lookup string against. Multiple match lines are specified in additional consecutive lines. Every match line is compared individually, they are combined by OR. Every match line must start at the first character of @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ and compiled to a binary database located at /etc/udev/hwdb.bin, or alternatively /usr/lib/udev/hwdb.bin if you want ship the compiled database in an immutable image. - During runtime only the binary database is used. + During runtime, only the binary database is used. diff --git a/man/journalctl.xml b/man/journalctl.xml index ea319ba3730..d6cc8a5496d 100644 --- a/man/journalctl.xml +++ b/man/journalctl.xml @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ _KERNEL_DEVICE= match for the device. Additional constraints may be added using options - , , etc, to + , , etc., to further limit what entries will be shown (logical AND). Output is interleaved from all accessible journal files, @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ to guarantee that the pager will not buffer logs of unbounded size. This may be overridden with an explicit with some other numeric - value while will disable this cap. + value, while will disable this cap. Note that this option is only supported for the less1 pager. @@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ or no more than the specified number of separate journal files remain. Note that running has only indirect effect on the output shown by - as the latter includes active + , as the latter includes active journal files, while the vacuuming operation only operates on archived journal files. Similar, might not actually reduce the diff --git a/man/journald.conf.xml b/man/journald.conf.xml index 4464fe53ad7..59c95d7d34e 100644 --- a/man/journald.conf.xml +++ b/man/journald.conf.xml @@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ rotated journal files are kept as history. Specify values in bytes or use K, M, G, T, P, E as - units for the specified sizes (equal to 1024, 1024²,... bytes). + units for the specified sizes (equal to 1024, 1024², ... bytes). Note that size limits are enforced synchronously when journal files are extended, and no explicit rotation step triggered by time is needed. @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ individual journal files to keep at maximum. Note that only archived files are deleted to reduce the number of files until this limit is reached; active files will stay around. This - means that in effect there might still be more journal files + means that, in effect, there might still be more journal files around in total than this limit after a vacuuming operation is complete. This setting defaults to 100. @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ notice, info, debug, - or integer values in the range of 0..7 (corresponding to the + or integer values in the range of 0–7 (corresponding to the same levels). Messages equal or below the log level specified are stored/forwarded, messages above are dropped. Defaults to debug for MaxLevelStore= diff --git a/man/libudev.xml b/man/libudev.xml index 5660b9d990d..1536410a365 100644 --- a/man/libudev.xml +++ b/man/libudev.xml @@ -99,11 +99,11 @@ Furthermore, libudev also exports legacy APIs that should not be used by new software (and as such are not documented as - part of this manual). This includes the hardware-database known + part of this manual). This includes the hardware database known as udev_hwdb (please use the new sd-hwdb3 API instead) and the udev_queue object to - query the udev-daemon (which should not be used by new software + query the udev daemon (which should not be used by new software at all). diff --git a/man/locale.conf.xml b/man/locale.conf.xml index 2c32d160941..2fe731113a0 100644 --- a/man/locale.conf.xml +++ b/man/locale.conf.xml @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ DescriptionThe /etc/locale.conf file configures - system-wide locale settings. It is read at early-boot by + system-wide locale settings. It is read at early boot by systemd1.The basic file format of locale.conf is diff --git a/man/loginctl.xml b/man/loginctl.xml index 9dda14d4548..f41acc6a1b8 100644 --- a/man/loginctl.xml +++ b/man/loginctl.xml @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ Show terse runtime status information about one or more sessions, followed by the most recent log data from the journal. Takes one or more session identifiers as - parameters. If no session identifiers are passed the status of + parameters. If no session identifiers are passed, the status of the caller's session is shown. This function is intended to generate human-readable output. If you are looking for computer-parsable output, use show-session @@ -212,9 +212,9 @@ activate ID Activate a session. This brings a session into - the foreground, if another session is currently in the + the foreground if another session is currently in the foreground on the respective seat. Takes a session identifier - as argument. If no argument is specified the session of the + as argument. If no argument is specified, the session of the caller is put into foreground. @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ Activates/deactivates the screen lock on one or more sessions, if the session supports it. Takes one or more session identifiers as arguments. If no argument is - specified the session of the caller is locked/unlocked. + specified, the session of the caller is locked/unlocked. @@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ Show terse runtime status information about one or more logged in users, followed by the most recent log data from the journal. Takes one or more user names or numeric - user IDs as parameters. If no parameters are passed the status + user IDs as parameters. If no parameters are passed, the status of the caller's user is shown. This function is intended to generate human-readable output. If you are looking for computer-parsable output, use show-user @@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ spawned for the user at boot and kept around after logouts. This allows users who are not logged in to run long-running services. Takes one or more user names or numeric UIDs as - argument. If no argument is specified enables/disables + argument. If no argument is specified, enables/disables lingering for the user of the session of the caller. @@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ seat. The devices should be specified via device paths in the /sys file system. To create a new seat, attach at least one graphics card to a previously unused seat - name. Seat names may consist only of a-z, A-Z, 0-9, + name. Seat names may consist only of a–z, A–Z, 0–9, - and _ and must be prefixed with seat. To drop assignment of a device to a specific seat, just reassign it to a different diff --git a/man/machine-info.xml b/man/machine-info.xml index 916f1dab663..351133670b9 100644 --- a/man/machine-info.xml +++ b/man/machine-info.xml @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ tablet, handset, watch, and - embedded + embedded, as well as the special chassis types vm and container for diff --git a/man/machinectl.xml b/man/machinectl.xml index e2be0174271..81bf2685277 100644 --- a/man/machinectl.xml +++ b/man/machinectl.xml @@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ Machines are identified by names that follow the same rules - as UNIX and DNS host names, for details see below. Machines are - instantiated from disk or file system images, that frequently but not - necessarily carry the same name as machines running from + as UNIX and DNS host names, for details, see below. Machines are + instantiated from disk or file system images that frequently — but not + necessarily — carry the same name as machines running from them. Images in this sense are considered: @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ - When used with bind creates + When used with bind, creates the destination directory before applying the bind mount. @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ - When used with bind applies + When used with bind, applies a read-only bind mount. @@ -243,8 +243,8 @@ specify whether the image shall be verified before it is made available. Takes one of no, checksum and signature. - If no no verification is done. If - checksum is specified the download is + If no, no verification is done. If + checksum is specified, the download is checked for integrity after transfer is complete, but no signatures are verified. If signature is specified, the checksum is verified and the images's signature @@ -278,10 +278,10 @@ When used with the - or commands specifies the + or commands, specifies the compression format to use for the resulting file. Takes one of uncompressed, xz, - gzip, bzip2. By default + gzip, bzip2. By default, the format is determined automatically from the image file name passed. @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ image by the specified name in /var/lib/machines/ (and other search paths, see below) and runs it. Use - list-images (see below), for listing + list-images (see below) for listing available container images to start. Note that @@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ login [NAME] Open an interactive terminal login session in - a container or on the local host. If an argument is supplied + a container or on the local host. If an argument is supplied, it refers to the container machine to connect to. If none is specified, or the container name is specified as the empty string, or the special machine name .host @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ instead. This works similar to login but immediately invokes a user process. This command runs the specified executable with the specified arguments, or - /bin/sh if none is specified. By default + /bin/sh if none is specified. By default, opens a root shell, but by using , or by prefixing the machine name with a username and an @ character, a different @@ -422,10 +422,10 @@ environment variables for the executed process. When using the shell command without - arguments (thus invoking the executed shell or command on the - local host) it is similar in many ways to a su1 - session, but unlike su completely isolates + session, but, unlike su, completely isolates the new session from the originating session, so that it shares no process or session properties, and is in a clean and well-defined state. It will be tracked in a new utmp, login, @@ -509,11 +509,11 @@ specified container. The first directory argument is the source directory on the host, the second directory argument is the destination directory in the container. When the - latter is omitted the destination path in the container is + latter is omitted, the destination path in the container is the same as the source path on the host. When combined with - the switch a ready-only bind + the switch, a ready-only bind mount is created. When combined with the - switch the destination path is first + switch, the destination path is first created before the mount is applied. Note that this option is currently only supported for systemd-nspawn1 @@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ Copies files or directories from the host system into a running container. Takes a container name, followed by the source path on the host and the destination - path in the container. If the destination path is omitted the + path in the container. If the destination path is omitted, the same as the source path is used. @@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ Copies files or directories from a container into the host system. Takes a container name, followed by the source path in the container the destination path on the host. - If the destination path is omitted the same as the source path + If the destination path is omitted, the same as the source path is used. @@ -552,8 +552,8 @@ directories and subvolumes in /var/lib/machines/ (and other search paths, see below). Use start (see above) to - run a container off one of the listed images. Note that by - default containers whose name begins with a dot + run a container off one of the listed images. Note that, by + default, containers whose name begins with a dot (.) are not shown. To show these too, specify . Note that a special image .host always implicitly exists and refers @@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ Removes one or more container or VM images. The special image .host, which refers to - the host's own directory tree may not be + the host's own directory tree, may not be removed. @@ -634,18 +634,18 @@ set-limit [NAME] BYTES Sets the maximum size in bytes a specific - container or VM image, or all images may grow up to on disk + container or VM image, or all images, may grow up to on disk (disk quota). Takes either one or two parameters. The first, optional parameter refers to a container or VM image name. If - specified the size limit of the specified image is changed. If - omitted the overall size limit of the sum of all images stored + specified, the size limit of the specified image is changed. If + omitted, the overall size limit of the sum of all images stored locally is changed. The final argument specifies the size limit in bytes, possibly suffixed by the usual K, M, G, T units. If the size limit shall be disabled, specify - as size. Note that per-container size limits are only supported - on btrfs file systems. Also note that if + on btrfs file systems. Also note that, if set-limit is invoked without image parameter, and /var/lib/machines is empty, and the directory is not located on btrfs, a btrfs @@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ loopback may later be readjusted with set-limit, as well. If such a loopback-mounted /var/lib/machines - directory is used set-limit without image + directory is used, set-limit without image name alters both the quota setting within the file system as well as the loopback file and file system size itself. @@ -676,20 +676,20 @@ https://, and must refer to a .tar, .tar.gz, .tar.xz or .tar.bz2 - archive file. If the local machine name is omitted it + archive file. If the local machine name is omitted, it is automatically derived from the last component of the URL, with its suffix removed. The image is verified before it is made available, unless is specified. Verification - is done via SHA256SUMS and SHA256SUMS.gpg files, that need to + is done via SHA256SUMS and SHA256SUMS.gpg files that need to be made available on the same web server, under the same URL as the .tar file, but with the last component (the filename) of the URL replaced. With - only the SHA256 checksum + , only the SHA256 checksum for the file is verified, based on the SHA256SUMS file. With - the SHA256SUMS file is + , the SHA256SUMS file is first verified with detached GPG signature file SHA256SUMS.gpg. The public key for this verification step needs to be available in @@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ The container image will be downloaded and stored in a read-only subvolume in - /var/lib/machines/, that is named after + /var/lib/machines/ that is named after the specified URL and its HTTP etag. A writable snapshot is then taken from this subvolume, and named after the specified local name. This behavior ensures that creating multiple @@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ be a .qcow2 or raw disk image, optionally compressed as .gz, .xz, or .bz2. If the - local machine name is omitted it is automatically + local machine name is omitted, it is automatically derived from the last component of the URL, with its suffix removed. @@ -801,22 +801,22 @@ Imports a TAR or RAW container or VM image, and places it under the specified name in /var/lib/machines/. When - import-tar is used the file specified as + import-tar is used, the file specified as first argument should be a tar archive, possibly compressed with xz, gzip or bzip2. It will then be unpacked into its own subvolume in /var/lib/machines. When - import-raw is used the file should be a + import-raw is used, the file should be a qcow2 or raw disk image, possibly compressed with xz, gzip or bzip2. If the second argument (the resulting image name) is - not specified it is automatically derived from the file - name. If the file name is passed as - the + not specified, it is automatically derived from the file + name. If the file name is passed as -, the image is read from standard input, in which case the second argument is mandatory. Similar as with pull-tar, pull-raw the file system /var/lib/machines.raw is increased in - size of necessary and appropriate. Optionally the + size of necessary and appropriate. Optionally, the switch may be used to create a read-only container or VM image. No cryptographic validation is done when importing the images. @@ -833,11 +833,11 @@ stores it in the specified file. The first parameter should be a VM or container image name. The second parameter should be a file path the TAR or RAW image is written to. If the path ends - in .gz the file is compressed with gzip, if - it ends in .xz with xz, and if it ends in - .bz2 with bzip2. If the path ends in - neither the file is left uncompressed. If the second argument - is missing the image is written to standard output. The + in .gz, the file is compressed with gzip, if + it ends in .xz, with xz, and if it ends in + .bz2, with bzip2. If the path ends in + neither, the file is left uncompressed. If the second argument + is missing, the image is written to standard output. The compression may also be explicitly selected with the switch. This is in particular useful if the second parameter is left unspecified. @@ -847,7 +847,7 @@ aborted with cancel-transfer. - Note that currently only directory and subvolume images + Note that, currently, only directory and subvolume images may be exported as TAR images, and only raw disk images as RAW images. @@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ Machine and Image Names The machinectl tool operates on machines - and images, whose names must be chosen following strict + and images whose names must be chosen following strict rules. Machine names must be suitable for use as host names following a conservative subset of DNS and UNIX/Linux semantics. Specifically, they must consist of one or more @@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ valid UTF-8, must be suitable as file names (hence not be the single or double dot, and not include a slash), and may not contain control characters. Since many operations search for an - image by the name of a requested machine it is recommended to name + image by the name of a requested machine, it is recommended to name images in the same strict fashion as machines. A special image with the name .host @@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ Machine images are preferably stored in /var/lib/machines/, but are also searched for in /usr/local/lib/machines/ and - /usr/lib/machines/. For compatibility reasons + /usr/lib/machines/. For compatibility reasons, the directory /var/lib/container/ is searched, too. Note that images stored below /usr are always considered read-only. It is @@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ # machinectl login Fedora-Cloud-Base-20141203-21 This downloads the specified .raw - image with verification disabled. Then a shell is opened in it + image with verification disabled. Then, a shell is opened in it and a root password is set. Afterwards the shell is left, and the machine started as system service. With the last command a login prompt into the container is requested. @@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ # machinectl shell --uid=lennart - This creates a new shell session on the local host, for + This creates a new shell session on the local host for the user ID lennart, in a su1-like fashion. diff --git a/man/nss-myhostname.xml b/man/nss-myhostname.xml index 4481fdf8cb8..629917abc26 100644 --- a/man/nss-myhostname.xml +++ b/man/nss-myhostname.xml @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ nss-myhostname is a plugin for the GNU Name Service Switch (NSS) functionality of the GNU C Library - (glibc) primarily providing hostname resolution + (glibc), primarily providing hostname resolution for the locally configured system hostname as returned by gethostname2. The precise hostnames resolved by this module are: @@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ time as changing the hostname. This is problematic since it requires a writable /etc file system and is fragile because the file might be edited by the administrator at - the same time. With nss-myhostname enabled + the same time. With nss-myhostname enabled, changing /etc/hosts is unnecessary, and on - many systems the file becomes entirely optional. + many systems, the file becomes entirely optional. To activate the NSS modules, myhostname has to be added to the line starting with @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Example Here's an example /etc/nsswitch.conf - file, that enables myhostname correctly: + file that enables myhostname correctly: passwd: compat mymachines group: compat mymachines @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ netgroup: nis 127.0.0.2 DGRAM 127.0.0.2 RAW - In this case the local hostname is omega. + In this case, the local hostname is omega. diff --git a/man/nss-mymachines.xml b/man/nss-mymachines.xml index 92c72846c17..36425eef918 100644 --- a/man/nss-mymachines.xml +++ b/man/nss-mymachines.xml @@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ nss-mymachines is a plugin for the GNU Name Service Switch (NSS) functionality of the GNU C Library - (glibc) providing hostname resolution for - container names of containers running locally, that are registered + (glibc), providing hostname resolution for + container names of containers running locally that are registered with systemd-machined.service8. The container names are resolved to the IP addresses of the @@ -78,14 +78,14 @@ near the end of the nsswitch.conf lines to make sure that its mappings are only used as fallback, and any other mappings, such as DNS or /etc/hosts - based mappings take precedence. + based mappings, take precedence. Example Here's an example /etc/nsswitch.conf - file, that enables mymachines correctly: + file that enables mymachines correctly:passwd: compat mymachines group: compat mymachines diff --git a/man/nss-resolve.xml b/man/nss-resolve.xml index 7d291b83c19..c3670a02a1c 100644 --- a/man/nss-resolve.xml +++ b/man/nss-resolve.xml @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Example Here's an example /etc/nsswitch.conf - file, that enables resolve correctly: + file that enables resolve correctly: passwd: compat mymachines group: compat mymachines diff --git a/man/os-release.xml b/man/os-release.xml index d2e2598204d..4557abc4a32 100644 --- a/man/os-release.xml +++ b/man/os-release.xml @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ without implementing a shell compatible execution engine. Variable assignment values must be enclosed in double or single quotes if they include spaces, semicolons or other special characters - outside of A-Z, a-z, 0-9. Shell special characters ("$", quotes, + outside of A–Z, a–z, 0–9. Shell special characters ("$", quotes, backslash, backtick) must be escaped with backslashes, following shell style. All strings should be in UTF-8 format, and non-printable characters should not be used. It is not supported @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ ID= A lower-case string (no spaces or other - characters outside of 0-9, a-z, ".", "_" and "-") identifying + characters outside of 0–9, a–z, ".", "_" and "-") identifying the operating system, excluding any version information and suitable for processing by scripts or usage in generated filenames. If not set, defaults to @@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ VERSION_ID= A lower-case string (mostly numeric, no spaces - or other characters outside of 0-9, a-z, ".", "_" and "-") + or other characters outside of 0–9, a–z, ".", "_" and "-") identifying the operating system version, excluding any OS name information or release code name, and suitable for processing by scripts or usage in generated filenames. This @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ A lower-case string (no spaces or other characters outside of - 0-9, a-z, ".", "_" and "-"), identifying a specific variant or + 0–9, a–z, ".", "_" and "-"), identifying a specific variant or edition of the operating system. This may be interpreted by other packages in order to determine a divergent default configuration. This field is optional and may not be diff --git a/man/pam_systemd.xml b/man/pam_systemd.xml index b4a3f502b44..ddda81bc90b 100644 --- a/man/pam_systemd.xml +++ b/man/pam_systemd.xml @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ as AF_UNIX sockets, FIFOs, PID files and similar. It is guaranteed that this directory is local and offers the greatest possible file system feature set the - operating system provides. For further details see the XDG Base Directory Specification. diff --git a/man/resolved.conf.xml b/man/resolved.conf.xml index 8047a4ea750..b0d777a78b9 100644 --- a/man/resolved.conf.xml +++ b/man/resolved.conf.xml @@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ DNS= - A space separated list of IPv4 and IPv6 + A space-separated list of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to be used as system DNS servers. DNS requests are sent to one of the listed DNS servers in parallel to any per-interface DNS servers acquired from systemd-networkd.service8. - For compatibility reasons, if set to the empty list the DNS + For compatibility reasons, if set to the empty list, the DNS servers listed in /etc/resolv.conf are used, if any are configured there. This setting defaults to the empty list. @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ FallbackDNS= - A space separated list of IPv4 and IPv6 + A space-separated list of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to be used as the fallback DNS servers. Any per-interface DNS servers obtained from systemd-networkd.service8 @@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ resolve. Controls Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution support (RFC 4794) on - the local host. If true enables full LLMNR responder and - resolver support. If false disable both. If set to - resolve only resolving support is enabled, + the local host. If true, enables full LLMNR responder and + resolver support. If false, disable both. If set to + resolve, only resolving support is enabled, but responding is disabled. Note that systemd-networkd.service8 also maintains per-interface LLMNR settings. LLMNR will be diff --git a/man/sd-bus-errors.xml b/man/sd-bus-errors.xml index a1e8462858a..e96f05fc0ba 100644 --- a/man/sd-bus-errors.xml +++ b/man/sd-bus-errors.xml @@ -121,10 +121,10 @@ Description In addition to the error names user programs define, D-Bus - knows a number of generic, standardized error names, that are + knows a number of generic, standardized error names that are listed below. - In addition to this list, in sd-bus the special error + In addition to this list, in sd-bus, the special error namespace System.Error. is used to map arbitrary Linux system errors (as defined by errno3) @@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ SD_BUS_ERROR_IO_ERROR Generic input/output error, for example when - accessing a socket or other IO context. + accessing a socket or other I/O context. SD_BUS_ERROR_BAD_ADDRESS @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ SD_BUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED - Access to a resource has been denied, due to security restrictions. + Access to a resource has been denied due to security restrictions. SD_BUS_ERROR_AUTH_FAILED @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ SD_BUS_ERROR_INTERACTIVE_AUTHORIZATION_REQUIRED Access to the requested operation is not - permitted, however, it might be available after interactive + permitted. However, it might be available after interactive authentication. This is usually returned by method calls supporting a framework for additional interactive authorization, when interactive authorization was not enabled diff --git a/man/sd_bus_creds_get_pid.xml b/man/sd_bus_creds_get_pid.xml index 4162fab0650..2b8cfe82e90 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_creds_get_pid.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_creds_get_pid.xml @@ -374,14 +374,14 @@ the systemd unit name (in the system instance of systemd) that the process is part of. See systemd.unit5. For - processes that are not part of a unit returns -ENXIO. + processes that are not part of a unit, returns -ENXIO. sd_bus_creds_get_user_unit() will retrieve the systemd unit name (in the user instance of systemd) that the process is part of. See systemd.unit5. For - processes that are not part of a user unit returns -ENXIO. + processes that are not part of a user unit, returns -ENXIO. sd_bus_creds_get_slice() will retrieve @@ -396,14 +396,14 @@ retrieve the identifier of the login session that the process is part of. See systemd-logind.service8. For - processes that are not part of a session returns -ENXIO. + processes that are not part of a session, returns -ENXIO. sd_bus_creds_get_owner_uid() will retrieve the numeric UID (user identifier) of the user who owns the login session that the process is part of. See systemd-logind.service8. - For processes that are not part of a session returns -ENXIO. + For processes that are not part of a session, returns -ENXIO. sd_bus_creds_has_effective_cap() will diff --git a/man/sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid.xml b/man/sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid.xml index a78d3f5717a..0194936692f 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid.xml @@ -191,25 +191,25 @@ subset of fields requested in creds_mask. - Similar to sd_bus_creds_get_mask() the + Similar to sd_bus_creds_get_mask(), the function sd_bus_creds_get_augmented_mask() returns a bitmask of field constants. The mask indicates which credential fields have been retrieved in a non-atomic fashion. For credential objects created via - sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid() this mask will be + sd_bus_creds_new_from_pid(), this mask will be identical to the mask returned by sd_bus_creds_get_mask(). However, for credential objects retrieved via - sd_bus_get_name_creds() this mask will be set + sd_bus_get_name_creds(), this mask will be set for the credential fields that could not be determined atomically at peer connection time, and which were later added by reading augmenting credential data from /proc. Similar, for credential objects - retrieved via sd_bus_get_owner_creds() the + retrieved via sd_bus_get_owner_creds(), the mask is set for the fields that could not be determined atomically at bus creation time, but have been augmented. Similar, for credential objects retrieved via - sd_bus_message_get_creds() the mask is set + sd_bus_message_get_creds(), the mask is set for the fields that could not be determined atomically at message send time, but have been augmented. The mask returned by sd_bus_creds_get_augmented_mask() is always a @@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ object. The latter call hence returns all credential fields available in the credential object, the former then marks the subset of those that have been augmented. Note that augmented - fields are unsuitable for authorization decisions as they may be - retrieved at different times, thus being subject to races. Hence + fields are unsuitable for authorization decisions, as they may be + retrieved at different times, thus being subject to races. Hence, augmented fields should be used exclusively for informational purposes. diff --git a/man/sd_bus_default.xml b/man/sd_bus_default.xml index 1cf2cb8f9ae..2160b767624 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_default.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_default.xml @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ connection object to the user bus when invoked in user context, or to the system bus otherwise. The connection object is associated with the calling thread. Each time the function is invoked from - the same thread the same object is returned, but its reference + the same thread, the same object is returned, but its reference count is increased by one, as long as at least one reference is kept. When the last reference to the connection is dropped (using the @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ call), the connection is terminated. Note that the connection is not automatically terminated when the associated thread ends. It is important to drop the last reference to the bus connection - explicitly before the thread ends or otherwise the connection will + explicitly before the thread ends, or otherwise, the connection will be leaked. Also, queued but unread or unwritten messages keep the bus referenced, see below. @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ connects to the system bus. In contrast to sd_bus_default(), sd_bus_default_user(), - sd_bus_default_system() these calls return + sd_bus_default_system(), these calls return new, independent connection objects that are not associated with the invoking thread and are not shared between multiple invocations. It is recommended to share connections per thread to @@ -215,31 +215,31 @@ Queued but unwritten/unread messages also keep a reference to their bus connection object. For this reason, even if an - application dropped all references to a bus connection it might - not get destroyed right-away. Until all incoming queued + application dropped all references to a bus connection, it might + not get destroyed right away. Until all incoming queued messages are read, and until all outgoing unwritten messages are written, the bus object will stay alive. sd_bus_flush() may be used to write all outgoing queued messages so they drop their references. To - flush the unread incoming messages use + flush the unread incoming messages, use sd_bus_close(), which will also close the bus - connection. When using the default bus logic it is a good idea to + connection. When using the default bus logic, it is a good idea to first invoke sd_bus_flush() followed by sd_bus_close() when a thread or process terminates, and thus its bus connection object should be freed. - The life-cycle of the default bus connection should be the + The life cycle of the default bus connection should be the responsibility of the code that creates/owns the thread the default bus connection object is associated with. Library code should neither call sd_bus_flush() nor sd_bus_close() on default bus objects unless it does so in its own private, self-allocated thread. Library code should not use the default bus object in other threads unless it - is clear that the program using it will life-cycle the bus + is clear that the program using it will life cycle the bus connection object and flush and close it before exiting from the thread. In libraries where it is not clear that the calling - program will life-cycle the bus connection object it is hence + program will life cycle the bus connection object, it is hence recommended to use sd_bus_open_system() instead of sd_bus_default_system() and related calls. diff --git a/man/sd_bus_error.xml b/man/sd_bus_error.xml index 6dc4541eb19..87eac1d1b8d 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_error.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_error.xml @@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ sd-bus-errors3, but additional domain-specific errors may be defined by applications. The message field usually - contains a human readable string describing the details, but might + contains a human-readable string describing the details, but might be NULL. An unset sd_bus_error structure should have both fields initialized to NULL. Set an error structure to SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL in order to @@ -189,20 +189,20 @@ for a list of well-known error names. Additional error mappings may be defined with sd_bus_error_add_map3. If - e is NULL no error structure is initialized + e is NULL, no error structure is initialized, but the error is still converted into an errno-style error. If name is NULL, it is assumed that no error occurred, and 0 is returned. This means that this function may be conveniently used in a return statement. If - message is NULL no message is set. This + message is NULL, no message is set. This call can fail if no memory may be allocated for the name and message strings, in which case an SD_BUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY error might be set instead and -ENOMEM returned. Do not use this call on error structures that are already initialized. If you intend to reuse an - error structure free the old data stored in it with + error structure, free the old data stored in it with sd_bus_error_free() first. sd_bus_error_setf() is similar to @@ -216,8 +216,8 @@ are not copied internally, and must hence remain constant and valid for the lifetime of e. Use this call to avoid memory allocations when setting error structures. Since - this call does not allocate memory it will not fail with an - out-of-memory condition, as + this call does not allocate memory, it will not fail with an + out-of-memory condition as sd_bus_error_set() can, as described above. Alternatively, the SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE_CONST() macro may be used @@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ format and the arguments. sd_bus_error_set_errnofv() is similar to - sd_bus_error_set_errnof() but takes the + sd_bus_error_set_errnof(), but takes the format string parameters as va_arg3 parameter list. @@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ Reference ownership sd_bus_error is not reference counted. Users should destroy resources held by it by calling - sd_bus_error_free(). Usually error structures + sd_bus_error_free(). Usually, error structures are allocated on the stack or passed in as function parameters, but they may also be allocated dynamically, in which case it is the duty of the caller to sd_bus_error_set3 or sd_bus_error_get_errno3. By - default a number of generic, standardized mappings are known, as + default, a number of generic, standardized mappings are known, as documented in sd-bus-errors3. Use this call to add further, application-specific mappings. @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ entire remaining runtime of the process. The mapping array should be put together with a series of - SD_BUS_ERROR_MAP() macro invocations, that + SD_BUS_ERROR_MAP() macro invocations that take a literal name string and a (positive) errno-style error number. The last entry of the array should be an invocation of the diff --git a/man/sd_bus_message_append.xml b/man/sd_bus_message_append.xml index 0ee849dca7a..77fce02eae5 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_message_append.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_message_append.xml @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ appends a sequence of fields to the D-Bus message object m. The type string types describes the types of the field - arguments that follow. For each type specified in the type string + arguments that follow. For each type specified in the type string, one or more arguments need to be specified, in the same order as declared in the type string. diff --git a/man/sd_bus_message_append_array.xml b/man/sd_bus_message_append_array.xml index 37cadb9d0f2..656ad4846de 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_message_append_array.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_message_append_array.xml @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ process. Not all protocol transports support passing memory file descriptors between participants, in which case this call will automatically fall back to copying. Also, as memory file - descriptor passing is inefficient for smaller amounts of data + descriptor passing is inefficient for smaller amounts of data, copying might still be enforced even where memory file descriptor passing is supported. @@ -150,13 +150,13 @@ function appends an array of a trivial type to the message m, similar to sd_bus_message_append_array(). Contents of - the IO vector array iov are used as the + the I/O vector array iov are used as the contents of the array. The total size of iov payload (the sum of iov_len fields) must be a multiple of the size of the type type. The iov argument must point to - n IO vector structures. Each structure may + n I/O vector structures. Each structure may have the iov_base field set, in which case the memory pointed to will be copied into the message, or unset (set to zero), in which case a block of zeros of length @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ p. The caller should subsequently write the array contents to this memory. Modifications of the memory pointed to should only occur until the next operation on the bus - message is invoked, most importantly the memory should not be + message is invoked. Most importantly, the memory should not be altered anymore when another field has been added to the message or the message has been sealed. diff --git a/man/sd_bus_negotiate_fds.xml b/man/sd_bus_negotiate_fds.xml index f53ea9e41aa..aae52989f9a 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_negotiate_fds.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_negotiate_fds.xml @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ sd_bus_message_get_realtime_usec3, sd_bus_message_get_seqnum3 to query the timestamps of incoming messages. If negotiation is - disabled or not supported these calls will fail with + disabled or not supported, these calls will fail with -ENODATA. Note that not all transports support timestamping of messages. Specifically, timestamping is only available on the kdbus transport, but not on dbus1. The @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ sd_bus_start3. Both sd_bus_negotiate_timestamp() and sd_bus_negotiate_creds() may also be called - after a connection has been set up. Note that when operating on a + after a connection has been set up. Note that, when operating on a connection that is shared between multiple components of the same program (for example via sd_bus_default3) diff --git a/man/sd_bus_new.xml b/man/sd_bus_new.xml index aff2ed2e839..130eb5e06e8 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_new.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_new.xml @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ or a related call, and then start the connection with sd_bus_start3. - In most cases it's a better idea to invoke + In most cases, it's a better idea to invoke sd_bus_default_user3, sd_bus_default_system3 or related calls instead of the more low-level diff --git a/man/sd_bus_path_encode.xml b/man/sd_bus_path_encode.xml index 696dfd00ba8..2f834ad41cf 100644 --- a/man/sd_bus_path_encode.xml +++ b/man/sd_bus_path_encode.xml @@ -128,20 +128,20 @@ sd_bus_path_encode_many() works like its counterpart sd_bus_path_encode(), but - takes a path-template as argument and encodes multiple labels + takes a path template as argument and encodes multiple labels according to its embedded directives. For each % character found in the template, the caller - must provide a string via var-args, which will be encoded and + must provide a string via varargs, which will be encoded and embedded at the position of the % character. Any other character in the template is copied verbatim into the encoded path. sd_bus_path_decode_many() does the reverse of sd_bus_path_encode_many(). It - decodes the passed object path, according to the given - path-template. For each % character in the + decodes the passed object path according to the given + path template. For each % character in the template, the caller must provide an output storage - (char **) via var-args. The decoded label + (char **) via varargs. The decoded label will be stored there. Each % character will only match the current label. It will never match across labels. Furthermore, only a single such directive is allowed per label. diff --git a/man/sd_event_new.xml b/man/sd_event_new.xml index e5a440556ef..f6c5d398148 100644 --- a/man/sd_event_new.xml +++ b/man/sd_event_new.xml @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ sd_event_default(), then releasing it, and then acquiring a new one with sd_event_default() will result in two - distinct objects. Note that in order to free an event loop object, + distinct objects. Note that, in order to free an event loop object, all remaining event sources of the event loop also need to be freed as each keeps a reference to it. diff --git a/man/sd_event_run.xml b/man/sd_event_run.xml index 2eab5684c5f..d1c92d1b0a0 100644 --- a/man/sd_event_run.xml +++ b/man/sd_event_run.xml @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ sd_event_run() can be used to run one iteration of the event loop of libsystemd. This function waits - until an event to process is available and dispatches a handler + until an event to process is available, and dispatches a handler for it. Parameter timeout specifices the maximum time (in microseconds) to wait. (uint64_t) -1 may be used to specify an infinite timeout. @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ - Other errors are possible too. + Other errors are possible, too. diff --git a/man/sd_event_wait.xml b/man/sd_event_wait.xml index 397d52a3e4a..3ccafc64bd8 100644 --- a/man/sd_event_wait.xml +++ b/man/sd_event_wait.xml @@ -138,11 +138,11 @@ On success, these functions return 0 or a positive integer. On failure, they return a negative errno-style error code. In case of sd_event_prepare and - sd_event_wait a positive value means that + sd_event_wait, a positive value means that events are ready to be processed and 0 means that no events are - ready. In case of sd_event_dispatch a + ready. In case of sd_event_dispatch, a positive value means that the loop is again in the initial state - and 0 means the loop is finished. For any of those functions, a + and 0 means the loop is finished. For any of these functions, a negative return value means the loop must be aborted. @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ - Other errors are possible too. + Other errors are possible, too. diff --git a/man/sd_journal_add_match.xml b/man/sd_journal_add_match.xml index 420f56356a4..3b27444f8d7 100644 --- a/man/sd_journal_add_match.xml +++ b/man/sd_journal_add_match.xml @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ and sd_journal_get_data3. Matches are of the form FIELD=value, where the - field part is a short uppercase string consisting only of 0-9, A-Z + field part is a short uppercase string consisting only of 0–9, A–Z and the underscore. It may not begin with two underscores or be the empty string. The value part may be any value, including binary. If a match is applied, only entries with this field set diff --git a/man/sd_journal_get_data.xml b/man/sd_journal_get_data.xml index 1afbd7371cd..1f25d068d71 100644 --- a/man/sd_journal_get_data.xml +++ b/man/sd_journal_get_data.xml @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ sd_journal_get_data() or sd_journal_enumerate_data(), or the read pointer is altered. Note that the data returned will be prefixed - with the field name and '='. Also note that by default data fields + with the field name and '='. Also note that, by default, data fields larger than 64K might get truncated to 64K. This threshold may be changed and turned off with sd_journal_set_data_threshold() (see diff --git a/man/sd_journal_open.xml b/man/sd_journal_open.xml index fb572802a30..fef453f8dcb 100644 --- a/man/sd_journal_open.xml +++ b/man/sd_journal_open.xml @@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ sd_journal_open() opens the log journal for reading. It will find all journal files automatically and interleave them automatically when reading. As first argument it - takes a pointer to a sd_journal pointer, which - on success will contain a journal context object. The second + takes a pointer to a sd_journal pointer, which, + on success, will contain a journal context object. The second argument is a flags field, which may consist of the following flags ORed together: SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY makes sure only journal files generated on the local machine will diff --git a/man/sd_journal_print.xml b/man/sd_journal_print.xml index 0cd0b45b9af..17fdc9c1f23 100644 --- a/man/sd_journal_print.xml +++ b/man/sd_journal_print.xml @@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ be ignored.) The value can be of any size and format. It is highly recommended to submit text strings formatted in the UTF-8 character encoding only, and submit binary fields only when - formatting in UTF-8 strings is not sensible. A number of well - known fields are defined, see + formatting in UTF-8 strings is not sensible. A number of + well-known fields are defined, see systemd.journal-fields7 for details, but additional application defined fields may be used. A variable may be assigned more than one value per @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ sd_journal_perror() is a similar to perror3 and writes a message to the journal that consists of the passed - string, suffixed with ": " and a human readable representation of + string, suffixed with ": " and a human-readable representation of the current error code stored in errno3. If the message string is passed as NULL or diff --git a/man/sd_listen_fds.xml b/man/sd_listen_fds.xml index ccd1266318e..15c35904fb0 100644 --- a/man/sd_listen_fds.xml +++ b/man/sd_listen_fds.xml @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ daemon to check for file descriptors passed by the service manager as part of the socket-based activation logic. It returns the number of received file descriptors. If no file descriptors have been - received zero is returned. The first file descriptor may be found + received, zero is returned. The first file descriptor may be found at file descriptor number 3 (i.e. SD_LISTEN_FDS_START), the remaining descriptors follow at 4, 5, 6, ..., if any. @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ passed file descriptors to avoid further inheritance to children of the calling process. - If multiple socket units activate the same service the order + If multiple socket units activate the same service, the order of the file descriptors passed to its main process is undefined. If additional file descriptors have been passed to the service manager using @@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ variables are no longer inherited by child processes. sd_listen_fds_with_names() is like - sd_listen_fds() but optionally also returns + sd_listen_fds(), but optionally also returns an array of strings with identification names for the passed file - descriptors, if that is available, and the + descriptors, if that is available and the names parameter is non-NULL. This information is read from the $LISTEN_FDNAMES variable, which may contain a colon-separated list of names. For @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ files, see systemd.socket5 for details. For file descriptors pushed into the file descriptor - store (see above) the name is set via the + store (see above), the name is set via the FDNAME= field transmitted via sd_pid_notify_with_fds(). The primary usecase for these names are services which accept a variety of file @@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ terminating the array. The caller needs to free the array itself and each of its elements with libc's free() call after use. If the names parameter is - NULL the call is entirely equivalent to + NULL, the call is entirely equivalent to sd_listen_fds(). - Under specific conditions the following automatic file + Under specific conditions, the following automatic file descriptor names are returned:
diff --git a/man/sd_notify.xml b/man/sd_notify.xml index b7ee4286f04..296c20294bf 100644 --- a/man/sd_notify.xml +++ b/man/sd_notify.xml @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ sd_notify() may be called by a service to notify the service manager about state changes. It can be used to send arbitrary information, encoded in an - environment-block-like string. Most importantly it can be used for + environment-block-like string. Most importantly, it can be used for start-up completion notification.If the unset_environment parameter is @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ to the service manager that describes the service state. This is free-form and can be used for various purposes: general state feedback, fsck-like programs could pass completion - percentages and failing programs could pass a human readable + percentages and failing programs could pass a human-readable error message. Example: STATUS=Completed 66% of file system check... @@ -233,13 +233,13 @@ FDNAME=...When used in combination with - FDSTORE=1 specifies a name for the + FDSTORE=1, specifies a name for the submitted file descriptors. This name is passed to the service during activation, and may be queried using sd_listen_fds_with_names3. File descriptors submitted without this field set, will implicitly - get the name stored assigned. Note that if - multiple file descriptors are submitted at once the specified + get the name stored assigned. Note that, if + multiple file descriptors are submitted at once, the specified name will be assigned to all of them. In order to assign different names to submitted file descriptors, submit them in seperate invocations of @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ consist of any ASCII characters, but must not contain control characters or :. It may not be longer than 255 characters. If a submitted name does not follow these - restrictions it is ignored. + restrictions, it is ignored. @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ use as originating PID for the message as first argument. This is useful to send notification messages on behalf of other processes, provided the appropriate privileges are available. If the PID - argument is specified as 0 the process ID of the calling process + argument is specified as 0, the process ID of the calling process is used, in which case the calls are fully equivalent to sd_notify() and sd_notifyf(). @@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ To store an open file descriptor in the service manager, in order to continue operation after a service restart without - losing state use FDSTORE=1: + losing state, use FDSTORE=1:sd_pid_notify_with_fds(0, 0, "FDSTORE=1\nFDNAME=foobar", &fd, 1); diff --git a/man/sd_pid_get_session.xml b/man/sd_pid_get_session.xml index 035effcaa90..eabe50fdfa3 100644 --- a/man/sd_pid_get_session.xml +++ b/man/sd_pid_get_session.xml @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ not all processes are part of a login session (e.g. system service processes, user processes that are shared between multiple sessions of the same user, or kernel threads). For processes not - being part of a login session this function will fail with + being part of a login session, this function will fail with -ENODATA. The returned string needs to be freed with the libc free3 @@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ unit name is a short string, suitable for usage in file system paths. Note that not all processes are part of a system unit/service (e.g. user processes, or kernel threads). For - processes not being part of a systemd system unit this function - will fail with -ENODATA (More specifically: this call will not + processes not being part of a systemd system unit, this function + will fail with -ENODATA. (More specifically, this call will not work for kernel threads.) The returned string needs to be freed with the libc free3 @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ sd_pid_get_user_unit() may be used to determine the systemd user unit (i.e. user service or scope unit) identifier of a process identified by the specified PID. This is - similar to sd_pid_get_unit() but applies to + similar to sd_pid_get_unit(), but applies to user units instead of system units.sd_pid_get_owner_uid() may be used to @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ multiple login sessions of the same user, where sd_pid_get_session() will fail. For processes not being part of a login session and not being a shared process - of a user this function will fail with -ENODATA. + of a user, this function will fail with -ENODATA.sd_pid_get_machine_name() may be used to determine the name of the VM or container is a member of. The @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ paths. The returned string needs to be freed with the libc free3 - call after use. For processes not part of a VM or containers this + call after use. For processes not part of a VM or containers, this function fails with -ENODATA.sd_pid_get_slice() may be used to @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ group path of the specified process, relative to the root of the hierarchy. Returns the path without trailing slash, except for processes located in the root control group, where "/" is - returned. To find the actual control group path in the file system + returned. To find the actual control group path in the file system, the returned path needs to be prefixed with /sys/fs/cgroup/ (if the unified control group setup is used), or diff --git a/man/sd_watchdog_enabled.xml b/man/sd_watchdog_enabled.xml index 991431f33bf..144ab1db614 100644 --- a/man/sd_watchdog_enabled.xml +++ b/man/sd_watchdog_enabled.xml @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ systemd-41.sd_watchdog_enabled() function was - added in systemd-209. Since that version the + added in systemd-209. Since that version, the $WATCHDOG_PID variable is also set. diff --git a/man/standard-conf.xml b/man/standard-conf.xml index ffc6f76294a..8e4611ceabe 100644 --- a/man/standard-conf.xml +++ b/man/standard-conf.xml @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Default configuration is defined during compilation, so a configuration file is only needed when it is necessary to deviate - from those defaults. By default the configuration file in + from those defaults. By default, the configuration file in /etc/systemd/ contains commented out entries showing the defaults as a guide to the administrator. This file can be edited to create local overrides. diff --git a/man/sysctl.d.xml b/man/sysctl.d.xml index e5b2bc0ac9f..c6e8b8cfa0c 100644 --- a/man/sysctl.d.xml +++ b/man/sysctl.d.xml @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 This method applies settings when the module is - loaded. Please note that unless the br_netfilter + loaded. Please note that, unless the br_netfilter module is loaded, bridged packets will not be filtered by netfilter (starting with kernel 3.18), so simply not loading the module is suffient to avoid filtering. @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 This method forces the module to be always loaded. Please - note that unless the br_netfilter module is + note that, unless the br_netfilter module is loaded, bridged packets will not be filtered with netfilter (starting with kernel 3.18), so simply not loading the module is suffient to avoid filtering. diff --git a/man/systemctl.xml b/man/systemctl.xml index 913e9e2980d..1a61fcf72e4 100644 --- a/man/systemctl.xml +++ b/man/systemctl.xml @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Properties for units vary by unit type, so showing any unit (even a non-existent one) is a way to list properties - pertaining to this type. Similarly showing any job will list + pertaining to this type. Similarly, showing any job will list properties pertaining to all jobs. Properties for units are documented in systemd.unit5, @@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ @@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ When used with kill, choose which signal to send to selected processes. Must be one of the - well known signal specifiers such as SIGTERM, SIGINT or + well-known signal specifiers such as SIGTERM, SIGINT or SIGSTOP. If omitted, defaults to . @@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service This function is intended to generate human-readable output. If you are looking for computer-parsable output, - use show instead. By default this + use show instead. By default, this function only shows 10 lines of output and ellipsizes lines to fit in the terminal window. This can be changes with and , @@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service starting any of the units being enabled. If this is desired, either should be used together with this command, or an additional start - command must be invoked for the unit. Also note that in case of + command must be invoked for the unit. Also note that, in case of instance enablement, symlinks named the same as instances are created in the install location, however they all point to the same template unit file. @@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service Depending on whether (the default), , or is specified, this creates a drop-in file for each unit either for the system, - for the calling user or for all futures logins of all users. Then, + for the calling user, or for all futures logins of all users. Then, the editor (see the "Environment" section below) is invoked on temporary files which will be written to the real location if the editor exits successfully. @@ -1261,8 +1261,8 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service be made temporarily in /run and they will be lost on the next reboot. - If the temporary file is empty upon exit the modification of - the related unit is canceled + If the temporary file is empty upon exit, the modification of + the related unit is canceled. After the units have been edited, systemd configuration is reloaded (in a way that is equivalent to daemon-reload). @@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service Note that this command cannot be used to remotely edit units and that you cannot temporarily edit units which are in - /etc since they take precedence over + /etc, since they take precedence over /run. @@ -1684,7 +1684,7 @@ kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service Switches to a different root directory and executes a new system manager process below it. This is intended for usage in initial RAM disks ("initrd"), and will transition - from the initrd's system manager process (a.k.a "init" + from the initrd's system manager process (a.k.a. "init" process) to the main system manager process. This call takes two arguments: the directory that is to become the new root directory, and the path to the new system manager binary below it to diff --git a/man/systemd-activate.xml b/man/systemd-activate.xml index 90e974c991e..5fe1a39057a 100644 --- a/man/systemd-activate.xml +++ b/man/systemd-activate.xml @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Description systemd-activate can be used to - launch a socket activated daemon from the command line for + launch a socket-activated daemon from the command line for testing purposes. It can also be used to launch single instances of the daemon per connection (inetd-style). @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ - Run a socket activated instance of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journal-gatewayd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> + Run a socket-activated instance of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journal-gatewayd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> $ /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-activate -l 19531 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journal-gatewayd diff --git a/man/systemd-analyze.xml b/man/systemd-analyze.xml index d2db265f585..f55c6fb7f35 100644 --- a/man/systemd-analyze.xml +++ b/man/systemd-analyze.xml @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ TARGET changes the current log target of the systemd daemon to TARGET (accepts the same values as - described in + , described in systemd1). systemd-analyze verify will load unit diff --git a/man/systemd-ask-password.xml b/man/systemd-ask-password.xml index 10bb529b812..bc60f6d61b2 100644 --- a/man/systemd-ask-password.xml +++ b/man/systemd-ask-password.xml @@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ cache for the password. If set, then the tool will try to push any collected passwords into the kernel keyring of the root user, as a key of the specified name. If combined with - it will also try to retrieve + , it will also try to retrieve the such cached passwords from the key in the kernel keyring - instead of querying the user right-away. By using this option + instead of querying the user right away. By using this option, the kernel keyring may be used as effective cache to avoid repeatedly asking users for passwords, if there are multiple objects that may be unlocked with the same password. The diff --git a/man/systemd-binfmt.service.xml b/man/systemd-binfmt.service.xml index 66d264389e7..cccfb49ca94 100644 --- a/man/systemd-binfmt.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-binfmt.service.xml @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Description - systemd-binfmt.service is an early-boot + systemd-binfmt.service is an early boot service that registers additional binary formats for executables in the kernel. diff --git a/man/systemd-bootchart.xml b/man/systemd-bootchart.xml index 538666760a9..bcee11fd0b2 100644 --- a/man/systemd-bootchart.xml +++ b/man/systemd-bootchart.xml @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ and logging startup information in the background. - After collecting a certain amount of data (usually 15-30 + After collecting a certain amount of data (usually 15–30 seconds, default 20 s) the logging stops and a graph is generated from the logged information. This graph contains vital clues as to which resources are being used, in which order, and @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Started as a standalone program One can execute systemd-bootchart as normal application - from the command line. In this mode it is highly recommended + from the command line. In this mode, it is highly recommended to pass the flag in order to not graph the time elapsed since boot and before systemd-bootchart was started, as it may result in extremely large graphs. The time @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Specify the sample log frequency, a positive real f, in Hz. Most systems can - cope with values up to 25-50 without creating too much + cope with values up to 25–50 without creating too much overhead. diff --git a/man/systemd-cat.xml b/man/systemd-cat.xml index 9b1a8809dc4..160db9fb5c4 100644 --- a/man/systemd-cat.xml +++ b/man/systemd-cat.xml @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ syslog3. Defaults to info. Note that this simply controls the default, individual lines may be logged with - different levels if they are prefixed accordingly. For details + different levels if they are prefixed accordingly. For details, see below. diff --git a/man/systemd-cgtop.xml b/man/systemd-cgtop.xml index 1c90c0a6595..8f6ee8ae1fe 100644 --- a/man/systemd-cgtop.xml +++ b/man/systemd-cgtop.xml @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ - Format byte counts (as in memory usage and IO metrics) + Format byte counts (as in memory usage and I/O metrics) with raw numeric values rather than human-readable numbers. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Controls whether the CPU usage is shown as - percentage or time. By default the CPU usage is shown as + percentage or time. By default, the CPU usage is shown as percentage. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by pressing the % key. @@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ Count only userspace processes instead of all - tasks. By default all tasks are counted: each kernel thread - and each userspace thread individually. With this setting + tasks. By default, all tasks are counted: each kernel thread + and each userspace thread individually. With this setting, kernel threads are excluded from the counting and each userspace process only counts as one, regardless how many threads it consists of. This setting may also be toggled at @@ -187,9 +187,9 @@ Count only userspace processes and kernel - threads instead of all tasks. By default all tasks are + threads instead of all tasks. By default, all tasks are counted: each kernel thread and each userspace thread - individually. With this setting kernel threads are included in + individually. With this setting, kernel threads are included in the counting and each userspace process only counts as on one, regardless how many threads it consists of. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by pressing the k @@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ for a control group shall include all processes that are contained in any of the child control groups as well. Takes a boolean argument, defaults to yes. If - enabled the processes in child control groups are included, if - disabled only the processes in the control group itself are + enabled, the processes in child control groups are included, if + disabled, only the processes in the control group itself are counted. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by pressing the r key. Note that this setting only applies to process counting, i.e. when the @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ i Sort the control groups by path, number of - tasks, CPU load, memory usage, or IO load, respectively. This + tasks, CPU load, memory usage, or I/O load, respectively. This setting may also be controlled using the command line switch. diff --git a/man/systemd-coredump.xml b/man/systemd-coredump.xml index cb46d419020..f1598461ef6 100644 --- a/man/systemd-coredump.xml +++ b/man/systemd-coredump.xml @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ in core5. In particular, the coredump will only be processed when the related resource limits are high enough. For programs started by - systemd those may be set using + systemd, those may be set using LimitCore= (see systemd.exec5). diff --git a/man/systemd-cryptsetup-generator.xml b/man/systemd-cryptsetup-generator.xml index b6270358eae..f036ab97446 100644 --- a/man/systemd-cryptsetup-generator.xml +++ b/man/systemd-cryptsetup-generator.xml @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ system and the initrd. If /etc/crypttab contains entries with the same UUID, then the name, keyfile and options specified there will be - used. Otherwise the device will have the name + used. Otherwise, the device will have the name luks-UUID. If /etc/crypttab exists, only those UUIDs specified on the kernel command line diff --git a/man/systemd-delta.xml b/man/systemd-delta.xml index 6a6460ffaaa..99709604aae 100644 --- a/man/systemd-delta.xml +++ b/man/systemd-delta.xml @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ directories which contain "drop-in" files with configuration snippets which augment the main configuration file. "Drop-in" files can be overridden in the same way by placing files with the - same name in a directory of higher priority (except that in case + same name in a directory of higher priority (except that, in case of "drop-in" files, both the "drop-in" file name and the name of the containing directory, which corresponds to the name of the main configuration file, must match). For a fuller explanation, diff --git a/man/systemd-detect-virt.xml b/man/systemd-detect-virt.xml index 190ab19152e..26d58371f4a 100644 --- a/man/systemd-detect-virt.xml +++ b/man/systemd-detect-virt.xml @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ technology and can distinguish full VM virtualization from container virtualization. systemd-detect-virt exits with a return value of 0 (success) if a virtualization - technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise. By default + technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise. By default, any type of virtualization is detected, and the options and can be used to limit what types of virtualization are detected. @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ Detect whether invoked in a chroot2 - environment. In this mode no output is written, but the return + environment. In this mode, no output is written, but the return value indicates whether the process was invoked in a chroot() environment or not. diff --git a/man/systemd-escape.xml b/man/systemd-escape.xml index 0c3b2305264..b16de979c57 100644 --- a/man/systemd-escape.xml +++ b/man/systemd-escape.xml @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ and will process them individually, one after the other. It will output them separated by spaces to stdout. - By default this command will escape the strings passed, + By default, this command will escape the strings passed, unless is passed which results in the inverse operation being applied. If a special mode of escaping is applied instead, which assumes a diff --git a/man/systemd-firstboot.xml b/man/systemd-firstboot.xml index 67289daa267..b3bd59d41a9 100644 --- a/man/systemd-firstboot.xml +++ b/man/systemd-firstboot.xml @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ copied from a host system that is used to set up the system image. - If a setting is already initialized it will not be + If a setting is already initialized, it will not be overwritten and the user will not be prompted for the setting. @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ directly on the command line, reads it from a file. Note that it is not recommended specifying passwords on the - command line as other users might be able to see them simply + command line, as other users might be able to see them simply by invoking ps1. diff --git a/man/systemd-fstab-generator.xml b/man/systemd-fstab-generator.xml index c09ed4b4da2..a971cb36750 100644 --- a/man/systemd-fstab-generator.xml +++ b/man/systemd-fstab-generator.xml @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ mount.usr= will default to the value set in root=. - Otherwise this parameter defaults to the + Otherwise, this parameter defaults to the /usr entry found in /etc/fstab on the root filesystem. @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ mount.usrfstype= will default to the value set in rootfstype=. - Otherwise this value will be read from the + Otherwise, this value will be read from the /usr entry in /etc/fstab on the root filesystem. @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ mount.usrflags= will default to the value set in rootflags=. - Otherwise this value will be read from the + Otherwise, this value will be read from the /usr entry in /etc/fstab on the root filesystem. diff --git a/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.xml b/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.xml index f569ea3cde8..e890c4dce2b 100644 --- a/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.xml +++ b/man/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.xml @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@
The /home and /srv - partitions may be encrypted in LUKS format. In this case a device + partitions may be encrypted in LUKS format. In this case, a device mapper device is set up under the names /dev/mapper/home and /dev/mapper/srv. Note that this might create @@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ device name. Mount and automount units for the EFI System Partition (ESP), - mounting it to /boot are generated on EFI - systems, where the boot loader communicates the used ESP to the operating + mounting it to /boot, are generated on EFI + systems where the boot loader communicates the used ESP to the operating system. Since this generator creates an automount unit, the mount will only be activated on-demand, when accessed. On systems where /boot is an explicitly configured mount diff --git a/man/systemd-journal-upload.xml b/man/systemd-journal-upload.xml index 597f2a2d3e8..f9723dea89d 100644 --- a/man/systemd-journal-upload.xml +++ b/man/systemd-journal-upload.xml @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3650 -x509 -nodes \ -out ca.pem -keyout ca.key -subj '/CN=Certificate authority/' -cat >ca.conf <<EOF +cat >ca.conf <<EOF [ ca ] default_ca = this @@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ emailAddress = optional EOF touch index -echo 0001 > serial +echo 0001 >serial SERVER=server CLIENT=client @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ openssl ca -batch -config ca.conf -notext -in $CLIENT.csr -out $CLIENT.pem ServerCertificateFile=, ServerKeyFile=, in /etc/systemd/journal-remote.conf and - /etc/systemd/journal-upload.conf + /etc/systemd/journal-upload.conf, respectively. The default locations can be queried by using systemd-journal-remote --help and systemd-journal-upload --help. diff --git a/man/systemd-machine-id-commit.service.xml b/man/systemd-machine-id-commit.service.xml index 10f36b3008f..645f41df951 100644 --- a/man/systemd-machine-id-commit.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-machine-id-commit.service.xml @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Description systemd-machine-id-commit.service is an - early-boot service responsible for committing transient + early boot service responsible for committing transient /etc/machine-id files to a writable disk file system. See machine-id5 @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The main use case of this service are systems where /etc/machine-id is read-only and initially - not initialized. In this case the system manager will generate a + not initialized. In this case, the system manager will generate a transient machine ID file on a memory file system, and mount it over /etc/machine-id, during the early boot phase. This service is then invoked in a later boot phase, as soon diff --git a/man/systemd-machine-id-setup.xml b/man/systemd-machine-id-setup.xml index efcf408332c..b698ae454e7 100644 --- a/man/systemd-machine-id-setup.xml +++ b/man/systemd-machine-id-setup.xml @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ for more information about this file. If the tool is invoked without the - switch /etc/machine-id is initialized with a + switch, /etc/machine-id is initialized with a valid, new machined ID if it is missing or empty. The new machine ID will be acquired in the following fashion: @@ -89,13 +89,13 @@ VM. Similar, if run inside a Linux container - environment and a UUID is configured for the container this is - used to initialize the machine ID. For details see the + environment and a UUID is configured for the container, this is + used to initialize the machine ID. For details, see the documentation of the Container Interface. - Otherwise a new ID is randomly + Otherwise, a new ID is randomly generated. @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ This command is primarily used by the systemd-machine-id-commit.service8 - early-boot service. + early boot service. diff --git a/man/systemd-modules-load.service.xml b/man/systemd-modules-load.service.xml index dacd083badd..b25929b2e40 100644 --- a/man/systemd-modules-load.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-modules-load.service.xml @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Description systemd-modules-load.service is an - early-boot service that loads kernel modules based on static + early boot service that loads kernel modules based on static configuration. See diff --git a/man/systemd-networkd-wait-online.service.xml b/man/systemd-networkd-wait-online.service.xml index bcc5776a8d5..e21c805342b 100644 --- a/man/systemd-networkd-wait-online.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-networkd-wait-online.service.xml @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Network interfaces to be ignored when deciding - if the system is online. By default only the loopback + if the system is online. By default, only the loopback interface is ignored. This option may be used more than once to ignore multiple network interfaces. diff --git a/man/systemd-notify.xml b/man/systemd-notify.xml index 71d501f435e..a2c1e806813 100644 --- a/man/systemd-notify.xml +++ b/man/systemd-notify.xml @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ systemd-notify may be called by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes. It can be used to send arbitrary information, encoded in an - environment-block-like list of strings. Most importantly it can be + environment-block-like list of strings. Most importantly, it can be used for start-up completion notification. This is mostly just a wrapper around diff --git a/man/systemd-nspawn.xml b/man/systemd-nspawn.xml index 9d939e0da5a..374447b6f09 100644 --- a/man/systemd-nspawn.xml +++ b/man/systemd-nspawn.xml @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ - Enables user namespacing. If enabled the + Enables user namespacing. If enabled, the container will run with its own private set of Unix user and group ids (UIDs and GIDs). Takes none, one or two colon-separated parameters: the first parameter specifies the @@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ assigned. If the first parameter is also omitted (and hence no parameter passed at all), the first UID assigned to the container is read from the owner of the root directory of the - container's directory tree. By default no user namespacing is + container's directory tree. By default, no user namespacing is applied. Note that user namespacing currently requires OS trees @@ -346,13 +346,13 @@ It is recommended to assign as least 65536 UIDs to each container, so that the usable UID range in the container - covers 16bit. For best security do not assign overlapping UID + covers 16 bit. For best security, do not assign overlapping UID ranges to multiple containers. It is hence a good idea to use - the upper 16bit of the host 32bit UIDs as container - identifier, while the lower 16bit encode the container UID + the upper 16 bit of the host 32-bit UIDs as container + identifier, while the lower 16 bit encode the container UID used. - When user namespaces are used the GID range assigned to + When user namespaces are used, the GID range assigned to each container is always chosen identical to the UID range. @@ -575,15 +575,15 @@ Bind mount a file or directory from the host - into the container. Takes one of: a path argument -- in which + into the container. Takes one of: a path argument — in which case the specified path will be mounted from the host to the - same path in the container --, or a colon-separated pair of - paths -- in which case the first specified path is the source + same path in the container —, or a colon-separated pair of + paths — in which case the first specified path is the source in the host, and the second path is the destination in the - container --, or a colon-separated triple of source path, - destination path and mount options. Mount options are comma - separated and currently only "rbind" and "norbind" - are allowed. Defaults to "rbind". Backslash escapes are interpreted so + container —, or a colon-separated triple of source path, + destination path and mount options. Mount options are + comma-separated and currently, only "rbind" and "norbind" + are allowed. Defaults to "rbind". Backslash escapes are interpreted, so \: may be used to embed colons in either path. This option may be specified multiple times for creating multiple independent bind mount points. The @@ -599,13 +599,13 @@ mount the tmpfs instance to (in which case the directory access mode will be chosen as 0755, owned by root/root), or optionally a colon-separated pair of path and mount option - string, that is used for mounting (in which case the kernel + string that is used for mounting (in which case the kernel default for access mode and owner will be chosen, unless otherwise specified). This option is particularly useful for mounting directories such as /var as tmpfs, to allow state-less systems, in particular when combined with . - Backslash escapes are interpreted in the path so + Backslash escapes are interpreted in the path, so \: may be used to embed colons in the path. @@ -630,9 +630,9 @@ overlay file system. The left-most path is hence the lowest directory tree, the second-to-last path the highest directory tree in the stacking order. If - is used instead of a read-only + is used instead of , a read-only overlay file system is created. If a writable overlay file - system is created all changes made to it are written to the + system is created, all changes made to it are written to the highest directory tree in the stacking order, i.e. the second-to-last specified. @@ -752,20 +752,20 @@ Boots the container in volatile mode. When no mode parameter is passed or when mode is specified as - full volatile mode is enabled. This + , full volatile mode is enabled. This means the root directory is mounted as mostly unpopulated tmpfs instance, and /usr from the OS tree is mounted into it, read-only (the system thus starts up with read-only OS resources, but pristine state and configuration, any changes to the either are lost on shutdown). When the mode parameter - is specified as the OS tree is + is specified as , the OS tree is mounted read-only, but /var is mounted as tmpfs instance into it (the system thus starts up with read-only OS resources and configuration, but pristine state, any changes to the latter are lost on shutdown). When the mode parameter is specified as - (the default) the whole OS tree is made + (the default), the whole OS tree is made available writable. Note that setting this to or @@ -786,43 +786,43 @@ special values or . - If enabled (the default) a settings file named after the + If enabled (the default), a settings file named after the machine (as specified with the setting, or derived from the directory or image file name) with the suffix .nspawn is searched in /etc/systemd/nspawn/ and /run/systemd/nspawn/. If it is found there, its settings are read and used. If it is not found - there it is subsequently searched in the same directory as the + there, it is subsequently searched in the same directory as the image file or in the immediate parent of the root directory of - the container. In this case, if the file is found its settings + the container. In this case, if the file is found, its settings will be also read and used, but potentially unsafe settings - are ignored. Note that in both these cases settings on the + are ignored. Note that in both these cases, settings on the command line take precedence over the corresponding settings from loaded .nspawn files, if both are specified. Unsafe settings are considered all settings that elevate the container's privileges or grant access to additional resources such as files or directories of the host. For details about the format and contents of - .nspawn files consult + .nspawn files, consult systemd.nspawn5. - If this option is set to the - file is searched, read and used the same way, however the order of + If this option is set to , the + file is searched, read and used the same way, however, the order of precedence is reversed: settings read from the .nspawn file will take precedence over the corresponding command line options, if both are specified. - If this option is set to the + If this option is set to , the file is searched, read and used the same way, but regardless if found in /etc/systemd/nspawn/, /run/systemd/nspawn/ or next to the image file or container root directory, all settings will take - effect, however command line arguments still take precedence + effect, however, command line arguments still take precedence over corresponding settings. - If disabled no .nspawn file is read + If disabled, no .nspawn file is read and no settings except the ones on the command line are in effect. diff --git a/man/systemd-path.xml b/man/systemd-path.xml index 4f790d2cdab..c96fcad0b47 100644 --- a/man/systemd-path.xml +++ b/man/systemd-path.xml @@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ file-hierarchy7 queriable. - When invoked without arguments a list of known paths and + When invoked without arguments, a list of known paths and their current values is shown. When at least one argument is - passed the path with this name is queried and its value shown. + passed, the path with this name is queried and its value shown. The variables whose name begins with search- don't refer to individual paths, but instead to a list of colon-separated search paths, in their order of precedence. diff --git a/man/systemd-random-seed.service.xml b/man/systemd-random-seed.service.xml index 8c836688fec..f3b5a947daf 100644 --- a/man/systemd-random-seed.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-random-seed.service.xml @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Description systemd-random-seed.service is a - service that restores the random seed of the system at early-boot + service that restores the random seed of the system at early boot and saves it at shutdown. See random4 for details. Saving/restoring the random seed across boots diff --git a/man/systemd-remount-fs.service.xml b/man/systemd-remount-fs.service.xml index 9bc07fcdda1..176f2b2d205 100644 --- a/man/systemd-remount-fs.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-remount-fs.service.xml @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Description systemd-remount-fs.service is an - early-boot service that applies mount options listed in + early boot service that applies mount options listed in fstab5 to the root file system, the /usr file system, and the kernel API file systems. This is required so that the diff --git a/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml b/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml index 96dc4f66205..8a1d9857b5c 100644 --- a/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ resolved.conf5 and systemd.network5 - for details. To improve compatibility + for details. To improve compatibility, /etc/resolv.conf is read in order to discover configured system DNS servers, however only if it is not a symlink to /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf (see above). @@ -124,10 +124,10 @@ If lookups are routed to multiple interfaces, the first successful response is returned (thus effectively merging the lookup zones on all matching interfaces). If the lookup failed on - all interfaces the last failing response is returned. + all interfaces, the last failing response is returned. Routing of lookups may be influenced by configuring - per-interface domain names, see + per-interface domain names. See systemd.network5 for details. Lookups for a hostname ending in one of the per-interface domains are exclusively routed to the matching diff --git a/man/systemd-run.xml b/man/systemd-run.xml index 8850735a346..9c8fbeeff4f 100644 --- a/man/systemd-run.xml +++ b/man/systemd-run.xml @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ and thus shows up in the output of systemctl list-units like any other unit. It will run in a clean and detached execution environment, with the service manager as - its parent process. In this mode systemd-run + its parent process. In this mode, systemd-run will start the service asynchronously in the background and return after the command has begun execution. @@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.0-0.rc5.git6.2.fc20. The following command invokes the updatedb8 - tool, but lowers the block IO weight for it to 10. See + tool, but lowers the block I/O weight for it to 10. See systemd.resource-control5 for more information on the BlockIOWeight= property. diff --git a/man/systemd-sysctl.service.xml b/man/systemd-sysctl.service.xml index d4c1a7ebe39..55c8953722b 100644 --- a/man/systemd-sysctl.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-sysctl.service.xml @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Description - systemd-sysctl.service is an early-boot + systemd-sysctl.service is an early boot service that configures sysctl8 kernel parameters. diff --git a/man/systemd-sysusers.xml b/man/systemd-sysusers.xml index a0c0f996ac0..ee9d89ad3c3 100644 --- a/man/systemd-sysusers.xml +++ b/man/systemd-sysusers.xml @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ specified in sysusers.d5 are searched for a matching file. If the string - - is specified as filenames entries from the + - is specified as filenames, entries from the standard input of the process are read. diff --git a/man/systemd-udevd.service.xml b/man/systemd-udevd.service.xml index b19b04d7cb0..243fd064710 100644 --- a/man/systemd-udevd.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-udevd.service.xml @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ Set the number of seconds to wait for events to finish. After - this time the event will be terminated. The default is 180 seconds. + this time, the event will be terminated. The default is 180 seconds. diff --git a/man/systemd-user-sessions.service.xml b/man/systemd-user-sessions.service.xml index e75ef11c4eb..67aba541193 100644 --- a/man/systemd-user-sessions.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-user-sessions.service.xml @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ systemd-user-sessions.service is a service that controls user logins through pam_nologin8. - After basic system initialization is complete it removes + After basic system initialization is complete, it removes /run/nologin, thus permitting logins. Before - system shutdown it creates /run/nologin, thus + system shutdown, it creates /run/nologin, thus prohibiting further logins. diff --git a/man/systemd-vconsole-setup.service.xml b/man/systemd-vconsole-setup.service.xml index 7c6ed089978..ff079761c17 100644 --- a/man/systemd-vconsole-setup.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd-vconsole-setup.service.xml @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Description systemd-vconsole-setup.service is an - early-boot service that configures the virtual console font and + early boot service that configures the virtual console font and console keymap. Internally it calls loadkeys1 and diff --git a/man/systemd.exec.xml b/man/systemd.exec.xml index c0ecf924190..9f7d83a0625 100644 --- a/man/systemd.exec.xml +++ b/man/systemd.exec.xml @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Takes an absolute directory path, or the special value ~. Sets the working directory - for executed processes. If set to ~ the + for executed processes. If set to ~, the home directory of the user specified in User= is used. If not set, defaults to the root directory when systemd is running as a system instance @@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ Sets the supplementary Unix groups the processes are executed as. This takes a space-separated list of group names or IDs. This option may be specified more than - once in which case all listed groups are set as supplementary - groups. When the empty string is assigned the list of + once, in which case all listed groups are set as supplementary + groups. When the empty string is assigned, the list of supplementary groups is reset, and all assignments prior to this one will have no effect. In any way, this option does not override, but extends the list of supplementary groups @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ IOSchedulingClass= - Sets the IO scheduling class for executed + Sets the I/O scheduling class for executed processes. Takes an integer between 0 and 3 or one of the strings , , or . See @@ -168,10 +168,10 @@ IOSchedulingPriority= - Sets the IO scheduling priority for executed + Sets the I/O scheduling priority for executed processes. Takes an integer between 0 (highest priority) and 7 (lowest priority). The available priorities depend on the - selected IO scheduling class (see above). See + selected I/O scheduling class (see above). See ioprio_set2 for details. @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ processes. Takes a list of CPU indices or ranges separated by either whitespace or commas. CPU ranges are specified by the lower and upper CPU indices separated by a dash. - This option may be specified more than once in which case the + This option may be specified more than once, in which case the specified CPU affinity masks are merged. If the empty string is assigned, the mask is reset, all assignments prior to this will have no effect. See @@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Sets environment variables for executed processes. Takes a space-separated list of variable - assignments. This option may be specified more than once in + assignments. This option may be specified more than once, in which case all listed variables will be set. If the same variable is set twice, the later setting will override the earlier setting. If the empty string is assigned to this @@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ different log level which can be used to override the default log level specified here. The interpretation of these prefixes may be disabled with SyslogLevelPrefix=, - see below. For details see + see below. For details, see sd-daemon3. Defaults to @@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ of what Capabilities= does. If this option is not used, the capability bounding set is not modified on process execution, hence no limits on the capabilities of the - process are enforced. This option may appear more than once in + process are enforced. This option may appear more than once, in which case the bounding sets are merged. If the empty string is assigned to this option, the bounding set is reset to the empty capability set, and all prior settings have no effect. @@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ , , and . - This option may appear more than once in which case the secure + This option may appear more than once, in which case the secure bits are ORed. If the empty string is assigned to this option, the bits are reset to 0. See capabilities7 @@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ inaccessible for processes inside the namespace. Note that restricting access with these options does not extend to submounts of a directory that are created later on. These - options may be specified more than once in which case all + options may be specified more than once, in which case all directories listed will have limited access from within the namespace. If the empty string is assigned to this option, the specific list is reset, and all prior assignments have no @@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ directories read-only for processes invoked by this unit. If set to full, the /etc directory is mounted read-only, too. This setting ensures that - any modification of the vendor supplied operating system (and + any modification of the vendor-supplied operating system (and optionally its configuration) is prohibited for the service. It is recommended to enable this setting for all long-running services, unless they are involved with system updates or need @@ -953,13 +953,13 @@ login is set, first an INIT_PROCESS entry, followed by an LOGIN_PROCESS entry is generated. In - this case the invoked process must implement a login1-compatible utmp/wtmp logic. If user is set, first an INIT_PROCESS entry, then a LOGIN_PROCESS entry and finally an USER_PROCESS entry is generated. In this - case the invoked process may be any process that is suitable + case, the invoked process may be any process that is suitable to be run as session leader. Defaults to init. @@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ Takes a security label as argument. The process executed by the unit will be started under this label and SMACK will decide whether the - process is allowed to run or not based on it. The process + process is allowed to run or not, based on it. The process will continue to run under the label specified here unless the executable has its own label, in which case the process will transition to run under that @@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ sigreturn, exit_group, exit system calls are implicitly whitelisted and do not need to be - listed explicitly. This option may be specified more than once + listed explicitly. This option may be specified more than once, in which case the filter masks are merged. If the empty string is assigned, the filter is reset, all prior assignments will have no effect. @@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ SystemCallArchitectures= - Takes a space separated list of architecture + Takes a space-separated list of architecture identifiers to include in the system call filter. The known architecture identifiers are x86, x86-64, x32, diff --git a/man/systemd.generator.xml b/man/systemd.generator.xml index 4514c1afdf1..b475ecd01d8 100644 --- a/man/systemd.generator.xml +++ b/man/systemd.generator.xml @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ /dev/null or an empty file can be used to mask a generator, thereby preventing it from running. Please note that the order of the two directories with the highest priority is - reversed with respect to the unit load path and generators in + reversed with respect to the unit load path, and generators in /run overwrite those in /etc. @@ -187,9 +187,9 @@ Generators should only be used to generate unit files, not any other kind of configuration. Due to the lifecycle - logic mentioned above generators are not a good fit to + logic mentioned above, generators are not a good fit to generate dynamic configuration for other services. If you - need to generate dynamic configuration for other services + need to generate dynamic configuration for other services, do so in normal services you order before the service in question. @@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Since syslog3 - is not available (see above) log messages have to be + is not available (see above), log messages have to be written to /dev/kmsg instead. @@ -221,17 +221,17 @@ Generators may write out dynamic unit files or just hook unit files into other units with the usual .wants/ or - .requires/ symlinks. Often it is + .requires/ symlinks. Often, it is nicer to simply instantiate a template unit file from /usr with a generator instead of - writing out entirely dynamic unit files. Of course this + writing out entirely dynamic unit files. Of course, this works only if a single parameter is to be used. - If you are careful you can implement generators in shell + If you are careful, you can implement generators in shell scripts. We do recommend C code however, since generators delay are executed synchronously and hence delay the entire boot if they are slow. @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ temporarily redirects default.target to system-update.target if a system update is scheduled. Since this needs to override the default user - configuration for default.target it uses + configuration for default.target, it uses argv[2]. For details about this logic, see Implementing Offline System Updates. diff --git a/man/systemd.kill.xml b/man/systemd.kill.xml index 1292f4f5131..13b7ab14dff 100644 --- a/man/systemd.kill.xml +++ b/man/systemd.kill.xml @@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ signal7. Defaults to SIGTERM. - Note that right after sending the signal specified in - this setting systemd will always send + Note that, right after sending the signal specified in + this setting, systemd will always send SIGCONT, to ensure that even suspended tasks can be terminated cleanly. diff --git a/man/systemd.link.xml b/man/systemd.link.xml index 7745260a398..08e097e1a8f 100644 --- a/man/systemd.link.xml +++ b/man/systemd.link.xml @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ name in /usr/lib. This can be used to override a system-supplied link file with a local file if needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink with the - same name pointing to /dev/null, disable the + same name pointing to /dev/null disable the configuration file entirely (it is "masked"). The link file contains a [Match] section, @@ -217,8 +217,8 @@ generated which is guaranteed to be the same on every boot for the given machine and the given device, but which is otherwise random. This feature depends on ID_NET_NAME_* - properties existing for the link, on hardware where these - properties are not set the generation of a persistent MAC address + properties existing for the link. On hardware where these + properties are not set, the generation of a persistent MAC address will fail. @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ If the kernel is using a random MAC address, nothing is done. Otherwise, a new address is randomly generated each time the device appears, typically at - boot. Either way the random address will have the + boot. Either way, the random address will have the unicast and locally administered bits set. diff --git a/man/systemd.mount.xml b/man/systemd.mount.xml index aaf2e98175c..22781540522 100644 --- a/man/systemd.mount.xml +++ b/man/systemd.mount.xml @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ - With this mount will + With , this mount will be only wanted, not required, by local-fs.target or remote-fs.target. This means that the diff --git a/man/systemd.netdev.xml b/man/systemd.netdev.xml index 70311ca9d9e..f7ad1a1b9b2 100644 --- a/man/systemd.netdev.xml +++ b/man/systemd.netdev.xml @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ name in /usr/lib. This can be used to override a system-supplied configuration file with a local file if needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink - with the same name pointing to /dev/null, + with the same name pointing to /dev/null disable the configuration file entirely (it is "masked"). @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ TTL= A fixed Time To Live N on Virtual eXtensible Local - Area Network packets. N is a number in the range 1-255. 0 + Area Network packets. N is a number in the range 1–255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets inherit the TTL value. @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ FDBAgeingSec= The lifetime of Forwarding Database entry learnt by - the kernel in seconds. + the kernel, in seconds. @@ -456,33 +456,33 @@ RouteShortCircuit= - A boolean. When true route short circuit is turned + A boolean. When true, route short circuit is turned on. UDPCheckSum= - A boolean. When true transmitting UDP checksums when doing VXLAN/IPv4 is turned on. + A boolean. When true, transmitting UDP checksums when doing VXLAN/IPv4 is turned on. UDP6ZeroChecksumTx= - A boolean. When true sending zero checksums in VXLAN/IPv6 is turned on. + A boolean. When true, sending zero checksums in VXLAN/IPv6 is turned on. UDP6ZeroCheckSumRx= - A boolean. When true receiving zero checksums in VXLAN/IPv6 is turned on. + A boolean. When true, receiving zero checksums in VXLAN/IPv6 is turned on. GroupPolicyExtension= - A boolean. When true it enables Group Policy VXLAN extension security label mechanism - across network peers based on VXLAN. For details about the Group Policy VXLAN see the + A boolean. When true, it enables Group Policy VXLAN extension security label mechanism + across network peers based on VXLAN. For details about the Group Policy VXLAN, see the VXLAN Group Policy document. Defaults to false. @@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ TOS= The Type Of Service byte value for a tunnel interface. - For details about the TOS see the + For details about the TOS, see the Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite document. @@ -533,9 +533,9 @@ TTL= A fixed Time To Live N on tunneled packets. N is a - number in the range 1-255. 0 is a special value meaning that + number in the range 1–255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets inherit the TTL value. The default value for IPv4 - tunnels is: inherit. The default value for IPv6 tunnels is: + tunnels is: inherit. The default value for IPv6 tunnels is 64. @@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ value of zero means that a packet carrying that option may not enter another tunnel before exiting the current tunnel. (see RFC 2473). - The valid range is 0-255 and none. Defaults to 4. + The valid range is 0–255 and none. Defaults to 4. @@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ MACAddress= - The peer MACAddress, if not set it is generated in + The peer MACAddress, if not set, it is generated in the same way as the MAC address of the main interface. @@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ PacketInfo= Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether packets should be prepended with four extra bytes (two flag - bytes and two protocol bytes). If disabled it indicates that + bytes and two protocol bytes). If disabled, it indicates that the packets will be pure IP packets. Defaults to no. @@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ Specifies the number of seconds between instances where the bonding driver sends learning packets to each slaves peer switch. - The valid range is 1 - 0x7fffffff; the default value is 1. This Option + The valid range is 1–0x7fffffff; the default value is 1. This Option has effect only in balance-tlb and balance-alb modes. @@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ Specifies the number of IGMP membership reports to be issued after a failover event. One membership report is issued immediately after the failover, subsequent packets are sent in each 200ms interval. - The valid range is (0 - 255). Defaults to 1. A value of 0 + The valid range is 0–255. Defaults to 1. A value of 0 prevents the IGMP membership report from being issued in response to the failover event. @@ -890,9 +890,9 @@ PacketsPerSlave= - Specify the number of packets to transmit through a slave before - moving to the next one. When set to 0 then a slave is chosen at - random. The valid range is (0 - 65535). Defaults to 1. This option + Specify the number of packets to transmit through a slave before + moving to the next one. When set to 0, then a slave is chosen at + random. The valid range is 0–65535. Defaults to 1. This option has effect only in balance-rr mode. @@ -903,11 +903,11 @@ Specify the number of peer notifications (gratuitous ARPs and unsolicited IPv6 Neighbor Advertisements) to be issued after a - failover event. As soon as the link is up on the new slave + failover event. As soon as the link is up on the new slave, a peer notification is sent on the bonding device and each VLAN sub-device. This is repeated at each link monitor interval (ARPIntervalSec or MIIMonitorSec, whichever is active) if the number is - greater than 1. The valid range is (0 - 255). Default value is 1. + greater than 1. The valid range is 0–255. Default value is 1. These options affect only the active-backup mode. diff --git a/man/systemd.network.xml b/man/systemd.network.xml index 86a430682c4..d649b2c5672 100644 --- a/man/systemd.network.xml +++ b/man/systemd.network.xml @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ name in /usr/lib. This can be used to override a system-supplied configuration file with a local file if needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink - with the same name pointing to /dev/null, + with the same name pointing to /dev/null disable the configuration file entirely (it is "masked"). @@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ yes, no, ipv4, or ipv6. - Please note that by default the domain name + Please note that, by default, the domain name specified through DHCP is not used for name resolution. See option below. @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ IPv6Token= An IPv6 address with the top 64 bits unset. When set, indicates the - 64 bits interface part of SLAAC IPv6 addresses for this link. By default + 64 bits interface part of SLAAC IPv6 addresses for this link. By default, it is autogenerated. @@ -271,8 +271,8 @@ LLMNR= A boolean or resolve. When true, enables - Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution on the link, when set to - resolve only resolution is enabled, but not + Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution on the link. When set to + resolve, only resolution is enabled, but not announcement. Defaults to true. @@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ IPForward= Configures IP forwarding for the network - interface. If enabled incoming packets on the network + interface. If enabled, incoming packets on the network interface will be forwarded to other interfaces according to the routing table. Takes either a boolean argument, or the values ipv4 or ipv6, @@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ IPMasquerade= Configures IP masquerading for the network - interface. If enabled packets forwarded from the network + interface. If enabled, packets forwarded from the network interface will be appear as coming from the local host. Takes a boolean argument. Implies IPForward=ipv4. Defaults to @@ -398,12 +398,12 @@ Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6). Takes a boolean or the special values prefer-public and - kernel. When true enables the privacy + kernel. When true, enables the privacy extensions and prefers temporary addresses over public - addresses. When prefer-public enables the + addresses. When prefer-public, enables the privacy extensions, but prefers public addresses over temporary addresses. When false, the privacy extensions - remain disabled. When kernel the kernel's + remain disabled. When kernel, the kernel's default setting will be left in place. Defaults to no. @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ Destination= The destination prefix of the route. Possibly - followed by a slash and the prefixlength. If omitted, a + followed by a slash and the prefix length. If omitted, a full-length host route is assumed. @@ -543,14 +543,14 @@ Source= The source prefix of the route. Possibly followed by - a slash and the prefixlength. If omitted, a full-length + a slash and the prefix length. If omitted, a full-length host route is assumed. Metric= - The metric of the route. An unsigned integer + The metric of the route (an unsigned integer). @@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ address. PoolOffset= takes the offset of the pool from the start of subnet, or zero to use the default value. PoolSize= takes the number of IP addresses in the - pool or zero to use the default value. By default the pool starts at + pool or zero to use the default value. By default, the pool starts at the first address after the subnet address and takes up the rest of the subnet, excluding the broadcast address. If the pool includes the server address (the default), this is reserved and not handed @@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ another common time unit, depending on the suffix. The default lease time is used for clients that did not ask for a specific lease time. If a client asks for a lease time longer than the - maximum lease time it is automatically shortened to the + maximum lease time, it is automatically shortened to the specified time. The default lease time defaults to 1h, the maximum lease time to 12h. Shorter lease times are beneficial if the configuration data in DHCP leases changes frequently @@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ pass to clients may be configured with the DNS= option, which takes a list of IPv4 addresses. If the EmitDNS= option is - enabled but no servers configured the servers are + enabled but no servers configured, the servers are automatically propagated from an "uplink" interface that has appropriate servers set. The "uplink" interface is determined by the default route of the system with the highest @@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ /etc/resolv.conf into account. Also, note that the leases are not refreshed if uplink network configuration changes. To ensure clients regularly acquire the - most current uplink DNS server information it is thus + most current uplink DNS server information, it is thus advisable to shorten the DHCP lease time via MaxLeaseTimeSec= described above. @@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ NTP= Similar to the EmitDNS= and - DNS= settings described above these + DNS= settings described above, these settings configure whether and what NTP server information shall be emitted as part of the DHCP lease. The same syntax, propagation semantics and defaults apply as for @@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ Timezone= setting takes a timezone string (such as Europe/Berlin or UTC) to pass to clients. If no explicit - timezone is set the system timezone of the local host is + timezone is set, the system timezone of the local host is propagated, as determined by the /etc/localtime symlink. diff --git a/man/systemd.nspawn.xml b/man/systemd.nspawn.xml index 7bfafb424f5..99b5889484a 100644 --- a/man/systemd.nspawn.xml +++ b/man/systemd.nspawn.xml @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Microsoft Windows .ini files. Boolean arguments used in these settings files can be - written in various formats. For positive settings the strings + written in various formats. For positive settings, the strings , , and are equivalent. For negative settings, the strings , , @@ -102,11 +102,11 @@ directory or image file name. This file is first searched in /etc/systemd/nspawn/ and /run/systemd/nspawn/. If found in these - directories its settings are read and all of them take full effect + directories, its settings are read and all of them take full effect (but are possibly overridden by corresponding command line - arguments). If not found the file will then be searched next to + arguments). If not found, the file will then be searched next to the image file or in the immediate parent of the root directory of - the container. If the file is found there only a subset of the + the container. If the file is found there, only a subset of the settings will take effect however. All settings that possibly elevate privileges or grant additional access to resources of the host (such as files or directories) are ignored. To which options @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ placed in /var/lib/machines/ instead (next to the container images), where their security impact is limited. In order to add privileged settings to .nspawn - files acquired from the image vendor it is recommended to copy the + files acquired from the image vendor, it is recommended to copy the settings files into /etc/systemd/nspawn/ and edit them there, so that the privileged options become available. The precise algorithm how the files are searched and @@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ Boot= Takes a boolean argument, defaults to off. If - enabled systemd-nspawn will automatically + enabled, systemd-nspawn will automatically search for an init executable and invoke - it. In this case the specified parameters using + it. In this case, the specified parameters using Parameters= are passed as additional arguments to the init process. This setting corresponds to the switch on @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Parameters= - Takes a space separated list of + Takes a space-separated list of arguments. This is either a command line, beginning with the binary name to execute, or – if Boot= is enabled – the list of arguments to pass to the init @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ Capability= DropCapability= - Takes a space separated list of Linux process + Takes a space-separated list of Linux process capabilities (see capabilities7 for details). The Capability= setting @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ .nspawn files in /etc/systemd/nspawn/ and /run/system/nspawn/ (see above). On the - other hand DropCapability= takes effect in + other hand, DropCapability= takes effect in all cases. @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ MachineID= - Configures the 128bit machine ID (UUID) to pass to + Configures the 128-bit machine ID (UUID) to pass to the container. This is equivalent to the command line switch. This option is privileged (see above). @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ ReadOnly= Takes a boolean argument, defaults to off. If - specified the container will be run with a read-only file + specified, the container will be run with a read-only file system. This setting corresponds to the command line switch. @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ Private= Takes a boolean argument, defaults to off. If - enabled the container will run in its own network namespace + enabled, the container will run in its own network namespace and not share network interfaces and configuration with the host. This setting corresponds to the command line @@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ Interface= - Takes a space separated list of interfaces to + Takes a space-separated list of interfaces to add to the container. This option corresponds to the command line switch and implies Private=yes. This option is @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ MACVLAN= IPVLAN= - Takes a space separated list of interfaces to + Takes a space-separated list of interfaces to add MACLVAN or IPVLAN interfaces to, which are then added to the container. These options correspond to the and diff --git a/man/systemd.resource-control.xml b/man/systemd.resource-control.xml index 9c5366a2b0e..164adb938ad 100644 --- a/man/systemd.resource-control.xml +++ b/man/systemd.resource-control.xml @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ or T, the specified memory size is parsed as Kilobytes, Megabytes, Gigabytes, or Terabytes (with the base 1024), respectively. If assigned the special value - infinity no memory limit is applied. This + infinity, no memory limit is applied. This controls the memory.limit_in_bytes control group attribute. For details about this control group attribute, see infinity no tasks limit is applied. This + infinity, no tasks limit is applied. This controls the pids.max control group attribute. For details about this control group attribute, see BlockIOAccounting= - Turn on Block IO accounting for this unit. Takes a - boolean argument. Note that turning on block IO accounting + Turn on Block I/O accounting for this unit. Takes a + boolean argument. Note that turning on block I/O accounting for one unit will also implicitly turn it on for all units contained in the same slice and all for its parent slices and the units contained therein. The system default for this @@ -255,15 +255,15 @@ BlockIOWeight=weight StartupBlockIOWeight=weight - Set the default overall block IO weight for + Set the default overall block I/O weight for the executed processes. Takes a single weight value (between - 10 and 1000) to set the default block IO weight. This controls + 10 and 1000) to set the default block I/O weight. This controls the blkio.weight control group attribute, which defaults to 500. For details about this control group attribute, see blkio-controller.txt. - The available IO bandwidth is split up among all units within - one slice relative to their block IO weight. + The available I/O bandwidth is split up among all units within + one slice relative to their block I/O weight. While StartupBlockIOWeight= only applies to the startup phase of the system, @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ BlockIODeviceWeight=device weight - Set the per-device overall block IO weight for the + Set the per-device overall block I/O weight for the executed processes. Takes a space-separated pair of a file path and a weight value to specify the device specific weight value, between 10 and 1000. (Example: "/dev/sda @@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ BlockIOWriteBandwidth=device bytes - Set the per-device overall block IO bandwidth limit + Set the per-device overall block I/O bandwidth limit for the executed processes. Takes a space-separated pair of a file path and a bandwidth value (in bytes per second) to specify the device specific bandwidth. The file path may be @@ -457,9 +457,9 @@ Turns on delegation of further resource control partitioning to processes of the unit. For unprivileged services (i.e. those using the User= - setting) this allows processes to create a subhierarchy + setting), this allows processes to create a subhierarchy beneath its control group path. For privileged services and - scopes this ensures the processes will have all control + scopes, this ensures the processes will have all control group controllers enabled. diff --git a/man/systemd.service.xml b/man/systemd.service.xml index 8afdbc513b9..d7c53087f4d 100644 --- a/man/systemd.service.xml +++ b/man/systemd.service.xml @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ for, and its node will be bind-mounted over the default bus node location, so the service can only access the bus through its own endpoint. Note that custom bus endpoints default to a - 'deny all' policy. Hence, if at least one + "deny all" policy. Hence, if at least one BusPolicy= directive is given, you have to make sure to add explicit rules for everything the service should be able to do. @@ -403,11 +403,11 @@ Note that it is usually not sufficient to specify a command for this setting that only asks the service to - terminate (for example by queuing some form of termination + terminate (for example, by queuing some form of termination signal for it), but does not wait for it to do so. Since the remaining processes of the services are killed using SIGKILL immediately after the command - exited this would not result in a clean stop. The specified + exited, this would not result in a clean stop. The specified command should hence be a synchronous operation, not an asynchronous one. @@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ - As exceptions to the setting above the service will not + As exceptions to the setting above, the service will not be restarted if the exit code or signal is specified in RestartPreventExitStatus= (see below). Also, the services will always be restarted if the exit code @@ -646,8 +646,8 @@ SuccessExitStatus= - Takes a list of exit status definitions that - when returned by the main service process will be considered + Takes a list of exit status definitions that, + when returned by the main service process, will be considered successful termination, in addition to the normal successful exit code 0 and the signals SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, and @@ -679,8 +679,8 @@ RestartPreventExitStatus= - Takes a list of exit status definitions that - when returned by the main service process will prevent + Takes a list of exit status definitions that, + when returned by the main service process, will prevent automatic service restarts, regardless of the restart setting configured with Restart=. Exit status definitions can either be numeric exit codes or termination @@ -699,8 +699,8 @@ RestartForceExitStatus= - Takes a list of exit status definitions that - when returned by the main service process will force automatic + Takes a list of exit status definitions that, + when returned by the main service process, will force automatic service restarts, regardless of the restart setting configured with Restart=. The argument format is similar to @@ -779,8 +779,8 @@ Sockets= Specifies the name of the socket units this service shall inherit socket file descriptors from when the - service is started. Normally it should not be necessary to use - this setting as all socket file descriptors whose unit shares + service is started. Normally, it should not be necessary to use + this setting, as all socket file descriptors whose unit shares the same name as the service (subject to the different unit name suffix of course) are passed to the spawned process. @@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ to multiple processes simultaneously. Also note that a different service may be activated on incoming socket traffic than the one which is ultimately configured to inherit the - socket file descriptors. Or in other words: the + socket file descriptors. Or, in other words: the Service= setting of .socket units does not have to match the inverse of the Sockets= setting of the @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ contains, resulting in a single argument. Use $FOO as a separate word on the command line, in which case it will be replaced by the value of the environment - variable split at whitespace resulting in zero or more arguments. + variable split at whitespace, resulting in zero or more arguments. For this type of expansion, quotes are respected when splitting into words, and afterwards removed. @@ -1175,7 +1175,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target Oneshot service - Sometimes units should just execute an action without + Sometimes, units should just execute an action without keeping active processes, such as a filesystem check or a cleanup action on boot. For this, Type= exists. Units @@ -1194,10 +1194,10 @@ ExecStart=/usr/sbin/foo-cleanup WantedBy=multi-user.target Note that systemd will consider the unit to be in the - state 'starting' until the program has terminated, so ordered + state "starting" until the program has terminated, so ordered dependencies will wait for the program to finish before starting - themselves. The unit will revert to the 'inactive' state after - the execution is done, never reaching the 'active' state. That + themselves. The unit will revert to the "inactive" state after + the execution is done, never reaching the "active" state. That means another request to start the unit will perform the action again. @@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target Similarly to the oneshot services, there are sometimes units that need to execute a program to set up something and then execute another to shut it down, but no process remains - active while they are considered 'started'. Network + active while they are considered "started". Network configuration can sometimes fall into this category. Another use case is if a oneshot service shall not be executed a each time when they are pulled in as a dependency, but only the first @@ -1227,11 +1227,11 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target types, but is most useful with Type= and Type=. With - Type= systemd waits + Type=, systemd waits until the start action has completed before it considers the unit to be active, so dependencies start only after the start action has succeeded. With - Type= dependencies + Type=, dependencies will start immediately after the start action has been dispatched. The following unit provides an example for a simple static firewall. @@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target RemainAfterExit=), the service is considered started. - Often a traditional daemon only consists of one process. + Often, a traditional daemon only consists of one process. Therefore, if only one process is left after the original process terminates, systemd will consider that process the main process of the service. In that case, the @@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target traditional PID file, systemd will be able to read the main PID from there. Please set PIDFile= accordingly. Note that the daemon should write that file before finishing - with its initialization, otherwise systemd might try to read the + with its initialization. Otherwise, systemd might try to read the file before it exists. The following example shows a simple daemon that forks and diff --git a/man/systemd.socket.xml b/man/systemd.socket.xml index 46a47b2d952..936c5ed1024 100644 --- a/man/systemd.socket.xml +++ b/man/systemd.socket.xml @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ refers to TCP sockets, SOCK_DGRAM (i.e. ListenDatagram=) to UDP. - These options may be specified more than once in which + These options may be specified more than once, in which case incoming traffic on any of the sockets will trigger service activation, and all listed sockets will be passed to the service, regardless of whether there is incoming traffic @@ -375,10 +375,10 @@ to work unmodified with systemd socket activation. - For IPv4 and IPv6 connections the REMOTE_ADDR + For IPv4 and IPv6 connections, the REMOTE_ADDR environment variable will contain the remote IP, and REMOTE_PORT will contain the remote port. This is the same as the format used by CGI. - For SOCK_RAW the port is the IP protocol. + For SOCK_RAW, the port is the IP protocol. @@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ Takes a boolean argument. May only be used in conjunction with ListenSpecial=. If true, the specified special file is opened in read-write mode, if - false in read-only mode. Defaults to false. + false, in read-only mode. Defaults to false. @@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ KeepAliveTimeSec= - Takes time (in seconds) as argument . The connection needs to remain + Takes time (in seconds) as argument. The connection needs to remain idle before TCP starts sending keepalive probes. This controls the TCP_KEEPIDLE socket option (see socket7 @@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ descriptors. Names may contain any ASCII character, but must exclude control characters or :, and must be at most 255 characters in length. If this setting is not - used the file descriptor name defaults to the name of the + used, the file descriptor name defaults to the name of the socket unit, including its .socket suffix. diff --git a/man/systemd.special.xml b/man/systemd.special.xml index 78bad4d814e..54e7c49a9e4 100644 --- a/man/systemd.special.xml +++ b/man/systemd.special.xml @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ for this target unit to all services (except for those with DefaultDependencies=no). - Usually this should pull-in all local mount points plus + Usually, this should pull-in all local mount points plus /var, /tmp and /var/tmp, swap devices, sockets, timers, path units and other basic initialization necessary for general @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ ctrl-alt-del.target systemd starts this target whenever Control+Alt+Del is - pressed on the console. Usually this should be aliased + pressed on the console. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to reboot.target. @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ default.target - The default unit systemd starts at bootup. Usually + The default unit systemd starts at bootup. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to multi-user.target or graphical.target. @@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ display-manager.service - The display manager service. Usually this should be + The display manager service. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to gdm.service or a similar display manager service. @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ signal when running as user service daemon. Normally, this (indirectly) pulls in - shutdown.target which in turn should be + shutdown.target, which in turn should be conflicted by all units that want to be scheduled for shutdown when the service manager starts to exit. diff --git a/man/systemd.swap.xml b/man/systemd.swap.xml index d9a39577d50..cb1d58b5770 100644 --- a/man/systemd.swap.xml +++ b/man/systemd.swap.xml @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ /etc/fstab and a unit file, the configuration in the latter takes precedence. - When reading /etc/fstab a few special + When reading /etc/fstab, a few special options are understood by systemd which influence how dependencies are created for swap units. @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ - With the swap unit + With , the swap unit will not be added as a dependency for swap.target. This means that it will not be activated automatically during boot, unless it is pulled in @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ - With the swap unit + With , the swap unit will be only wanted, not required by swap.target. This means that the boot will continue even if this swap device is not activated diff --git a/man/systemd.time.xml b/man/systemd.time.xml index df7e1ecfb91..c96e19e13fe 100644 --- a/man/systemd.time.xml +++ b/man/systemd.time.xml @@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ Parsing Timestamps - When parsing systemd will accept a similar syntax, but + When parsing, systemd will accept a similar syntax, but expects no timezone specification, unless it is given as the - literal string "UTC". In this case the time is considered in UTC, + literal string "UTC". In this case, the time is considered in UTC, otherwise in the local timezone. The weekday specification is - optional, but when the weekday is specified it must either be in + optional, but when the weekday is specified, it must either be in the abbreviated (Wed) or non-abbreviated (Wednesday) English language form (case does not matter), and is not subject to the locale choice of the user. @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ used to refer to the current time (or of the invocation of the command that is currently executed). today, yesterday, tomorrow refer to - 00:00:00 of the current day, the day before or the next day, + 00:00:00 of the current day, the day before, or the next day, respectively. When parsing, systemd will also accept relative time @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Note that timestamps printed by systemd will not be parsed correctly by systemd, as the timezone specification is not accepted, and printing timestamps is subject to locale settings - for the weekday while parsing only accepts English weekday + for the weekday, while parsing only accepts English weekday names. In some cases, systemd will display a relative timestamp @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ Mon *-*-* 00:00:00, *-01-01 00:00:00, *-01,04,07,10-01 00:00:00 and - *-01,07-01 00:00:00 respectively. + *-01,07-01 00:00:00, respectively. Examples for valid timestamps and their diff --git a/man/systemd.unit.xml b/man/systemd.unit.xml index a4eeccaed44..447774eaac4 100644 --- a/man/systemd.unit.xml +++ b/man/systemd.unit.xml @@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ be parsed after the file itself is parsed. This is useful to alter or add configuration settings to a unit, without having to modify their unit files. Make sure that the file that is included has the - appropriate section headers before any directive. Note that for - instanced units this logic will first look for the instance + appropriate section headers before any directive. Note that, for + instanced units, this logic will first look for the instance .d/ subdirectory and read its .conf files, followed by the template .d/ subdirectory and reads its @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ device node /dev/sda in the file system namespace. If this applies, a special way to escape the path name is used, so that the result is usable as part of a - filename. Basically, given a path, "/" is replaced by "-" and all + filename. Basically, given a path, "/" is replaced by "-", and all other characters which are not ASCII alphanumerics are replaced by C-style "\x2d" escapes (except that "_" is never replaced and "." is only replaced when it would be the first character in the @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ with After= or Before=, then both units will be started simultaneously and without any delay between them if foo.service is - activated. Often it is a better choice to use + activated. Often, it is a better choice to use Wants= instead of Requires= in order to achieve a system that is more robust when dealing with failing services. @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ Note that dependencies of this type may also be configured outside of the unit configuration file by adding a symlink to a .requires/ directory - accompanying the unit file. For details see + accompanying the unit file. For details, see above. @@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ Takes a boolean argument. If , this unit will be stopped when it is no - longer used. Note that in order to minimize the work to be + longer used. Note that, in order to minimize the work to be executed, systemd will not stop units by default unless they are conflicting with other units, or the user explicitly requested their shut down. If this option is set, a unit will @@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ JobTimeoutAction= JobTimeoutRebootArgument= - When a job for this unit is queued a time-out + When a job for this unit is queued, a time-out may be configured. If this time limit is reached, the job will be cancelled, the unit however will not change state or even enter the failed mode. This value defaults @@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ ConditionFileIsExecutable= @@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ ConditionSecurity= may be used to check whether the given security module is enabled on the - system. Currently the recognized values values are + system. Currently, the recognized values values are selinux, apparmor, ima, @@ -1026,9 +1026,9 @@ Similar to the ConditionArchitecture=, ConditionVirtualization=, ... condition - settings described above these settings add assertion checks + settings described above, these settings add assertion checks to the start-up of the unit. However, unlike the conditions - settings any assertion setting that is not met results in + settings, any assertion setting that is not met results in failure of the start job it was triggered by. diff --git a/man/systemd.xml b/man/systemd.xml index 8d74ca49c3f..ba1d26c4b1d 100644 --- a/man/systemd.xml +++ b/man/systemd.xml @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ run a system instance, even if the process ID is not 1, i.e. systemd is not run as init process. does the opposite, running a user instance even if the process - ID is 1. Normally it should not be necessary to pass these + ID is 1. Normally, it should not be necessary to pass these options, as systemd automatically detects the mode it is started in. These options are hence of little use except for debugging. Note that it is not supported booting and @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ VT Switch to a specific virtual console (VT) on - crash. Takes a positive integer in the range 1..63, or a + crash. Takes a positive integer in the range 1–63, or a boolean argument. If an integer is passed, selects which VT to switch to. If yes, the VT kernel messages are written to is selected. If no, no VT @@ -289,12 +289,12 @@ Service units, which start and control daemons - and the processes they consist of. For details see + and the processes they consist of. For details, see systemd.service5. Socket units, which encapsulate local IPC or network sockets in the system, useful for socket-based - activation. For details about socket units see + activation. For details about socket units, see systemd.socket5, for details on socket-based activation and other forms of activation, see @@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ Device units expose kernel devices in systemd and may be used to implement device-based activation. For - details see + details, see systemd.device5. Mount units control mount points in the file @@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ Snapshot units can be used to temporarily save the state of the set of systemd units, which later may be restored by activating the saved snapshot unit. For more - information see + information, see systemd.snapshot5. Timer units are useful for triggering activation @@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ On boot systemd activates the target unit default.target whose job is to activate on-boot services and other on-boot units by pulling them in via - dependencies. Usually the unit name is just an alias (symlink) for + dependencies. Usually, the unit name is just an alias (symlink) for either graphical.target (for fully-featured boots into the UI) or multi-user.target (for limited console-only boots for use in embedded or server @@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ Units may be generated dynamically at boot and system manager reload time, for example based on other configuration - files or parameters passed on the kernel command line. For details see + files or parameters passed on the kernel command line. For details, see systemd.generator7. Systems which invoke systemd in a container or initrd @@ -562,9 +562,9 @@ ctrl-alt-del.target unit. This is mostly equivalent to systemctl start ctl-alt-del.target. If this signal is received more - often than 7 times per 2s an immediate reboot is triggered. + often than 7 times per 2s, an immediate reboot is triggered. Note that pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del on the console will trigger - this signal. Hence, if a reboot is hanging pressing + this signal. Hence, if a reboot is hanging, pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del more than 7 times in 2s is a relatively safe way to trigger an immediate reboot. @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ SIGUSR2 When this signal is received the systemd - manager will log its complete state in human readable form. + manager will log its complete state in human-readable form. The data logged is the same as printed by systemd-analyze dump. @@ -895,11 +895,11 @@ systemd.crash_chvt= Takes a positive integer, or a boolean - argument. If a positive integer (in the range 1..63) is - specified the system manager (PID 1) will activate the specified + argument. If a positive integer (in the range 1–63) is + specified, the system manager (PID 1) will activate the specified virtual terminal (VT) when it crashes. Defaults to no, meaning that no such switch is - attempted. If set to yes the VT the + attempted. If set to yes, the VT the kernel messages are written to is selected. @@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ like until a service fails or there is a significant delay in boot. Defaults to , unless is passed - as kernel command line option in which case it defaults to + as kernel command line option, in which case it defaults to auto. @@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ Set the system locale to use. This overrides the settings in /etc/locale.conf. For - more information see + more information, see locale.conf5 and locale7. diff --git a/man/sysusers.d.xml b/man/sysusers.d.xml index 11cb83388ff..ca29486cc0e 100644 --- a/man/sysusers.d.xml +++ b/man/sysusers.d.xml @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ u root 0 "Superuser" /root r Add a range of numeric UIDs/GIDs to the pool to allocate new UIDs and GIDs from. If no line of this type - is specified the range of UIDs/GIDs is set to some + is specified, the range of UIDs/GIDs is set to some compiled-in default. Note that both UIDs and GIDs are allocated from the same pool, in order to ensure that users and groups of the same name are likely to carry the same @@ -143,32 +143,32 @@ u root 0 "Superuser" /root all system and group names with the underscore, and avoiding too generic names. - For m lines this field should contain + For m lines, this field should contain the user name to add to a group. - For lines of type r this field should + For lines of type r, this field should be set to -. ID - For u and g the - numeric 32bit UID or GID of the user/group. Do not use IDs 65535 + For u and g, the + numeric 32-bit UID or GID of the user/group. Do not use IDs 65535 or 4294967295, as they have special placeholder meanings. Specify - for automatic UID/GID allocation for the user or group. Alternatively, specify an absolute path - in the file system. In this case the UID/GID is read from the + in the file system. In this case, the UID/GID is read from the path's owner/group. This is useful to create users whose UID/GID match the owners of pre-existing files (such as SUID or SGID binaries). - For m lines this field should contain + For m lines, this field should contain the group name to add to a user to. - For lines of type r this field should + For lines of type r, this field should be set to a UID/GID range in the format - FROM-TO where both values are formatted as + FROM-TO, where both values are formatted as decimal ASCII numbers. Alternatively, a single UID/GID may be specified formatted as decimal ASCII numbers. @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ u root 0 "Superuser" /root Home Directory - The home directory for a new system user. If omitted + The home directory for a new system user. If omitted, defaults to the root directory. It is recommended to not unnecessarily specify home directories for system users, unless software strictly requires one to be set. @@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ u root 0 "Superuser" /root Note that systemd-sysusers will do nothing if the specified users or groups already exist, so - normally there no reason to override + normally, there no reason to override sysusers.d vendor configuration, except to block certain users or groups from being created. diff --git a/man/timedatectl.xml b/man/timedatectl.xml index c439bc56ede..415e2c799a4 100644 --- a/man/timedatectl.xml +++ b/man/timedatectl.xml @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ on. Note that whether network time synchronization is on simply reflects whether the systemd-timesyncd.service unit is - enabled. Even if this command shows the status as off a + enabled. Even if this command shows the status as off, a different service might still synchronize the clock with the network. @@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ Note that even if time synchronization is turned off with this command, another unrelated system service might - still synchronize the clock with the network. Also note that - strictly speaking + still synchronize the clock with the network. Also note that, + strictly speaking, systemd-timesyncd.service does more than - just network time synchronization as it ensures a monotonic + just network time synchronization, as it ensures a monotonic clock on systems without RTC even if no network is available. See systemd-timesyncd.service8 diff --git a/man/timesyncd.conf.xml b/man/timesyncd.conf.xml index c883685c97e..10c2de89f6a 100644 --- a/man/timesyncd.conf.xml +++ b/man/timesyncd.conf.xml @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ NTP= - A space separated list of NTP server host + A space-separated list of NTP server host names or IP addresses. During runtime this list is combined with any per-interface NTP servers acquired from systemd-networkd.service8. @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ FallbackNTP= - A space separated list of NTP server host + A space-separated list of NTP server host names or IP addresses to be used as the fallback NTP servers. Any per-interface NTP servers obtained from systemd-networkd.service8 diff --git a/man/tmpfiles.d.xml b/man/tmpfiles.d.xml index 7712e2df327..e65937848df 100644 --- a/man/tmpfiles.d.xml +++ b/man/tmpfiles.d.xml @@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ prefix and suffix of each other, then the prefix is always processed first, the suffix later. Lines that take globs are applied after those accepting no globs. If multiple operations - shall be applied on the same file (such as ACL, xattr, file - attribute adjustments) these are always done in the same fixed + shall be applied on the same file, (such as ACL, xattr, file + attribute adjustments), these are always done in the same fixed order. Otherwise, the files/directories are processed in the order they are listed. @@ -170,17 +170,17 @@ v Create a subvolume if the path does not exist yet and the file system supports this - (btrfs). Otherwise create a normal directory, in the same + (btrfs). Otherwise, create a normal directory, in the same way as d. A subvolume created with this line type is not assigned to any higher-level quota - group. For that use q or - Q which allow creating simple quota group + group. For that, use q or + Q, which allow creating simple quota group hierarchies, see below. q - Similar to v, however + Similar to v. However, makes sure that the subvolume will be assigned to the same higher-level quota groups as the subvolume it has been created in. This ensures that higher-level limits and @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ specified subvolume. On non-btrfs file systems, this line type is identical to d. If the subvolume already exists and is already assigned to one or more higher - level quota groups no change to the quota hierarchy is + level quota groups, no change to the quota hierarchy is made. Also see Q below. See btrfs-qgroup8 for details about the btrfs quota group @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Q - Similar to q, however + Similar to q. However, instead of copying the higher-level quota group assignments from the parent as-is, the lowest quota group of the parent subvolume is determined that is not the leaf quota @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ enforce limits and accounting to the specified subvolume and children subvolume created within it. Thus, by creating subvolumes only via q and - Q a concept of "subtree quotas" is + Q, a concept of "subtree quotas" is implemented. Each subvolume for which Q is set will get a "subtree" quota group created, and all child subvolumes created within it will be assigned to @@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ Passing only = as argument resets all the file attributes listed above. It has to be pointed - out that the = prefix, limits itself to + out that the = prefix limits itself to the attributes corresponding to the letters listed here. All other attributes will be left untouched. Does not follow symlinks. @@ -598,11 +598,11 @@ w may be used to specify a short string that is written to the file, suffixed by a newline. For C, specifies the source file or - directory. For t, T + directory. For t, T, determines extended attributes to be set. For - a, A determines ACL + a, A, determines ACL attributes to be set. For h, - H determines the file attributes to + H, determines the file attributes to set. Ignored for all other lines. diff --git a/man/udev.xml b/man/udev.xml index 2e1655bf553..dd5563605ca 100644 --- a/man/udev.xml +++ b/man/udev.xml @@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ program Execute an external program specified as the assigned - value and if it returns successfully + value and, if it returns successfully, import its output, which must be in environment key format. Path specification, command/argument separation, and quoting work like in RUN. @@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ - Usually control and other possibly unsafe characters are replaced + Usually, control and other possibly unsafe characters are replaced in strings used for device naming. The mode of replacement can be specified with this option. diff --git a/man/udev_device_new_from_syspath.xml b/man/udev_device_new_from_syspath.xml index 9c4ab7a1bf3..fd695d84b34 100644 --- a/man/udev_device_new_from_syspath.xml +++ b/man/udev_device_new_from_syspath.xml @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ udev_device_new_from_subsystem_sysname, and udev_device_new_from_device_id create the device object based on information found in - /sys annotated with properties from the udev-internal + /sys, annotated with properties from the udev-internal device database. A syspath is any subdirectory of /sys, with the restriction that a subdirectory of /sys/devices (or a symlink to one) represents a real device and as such must contain @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ and udev_device_get_sysname3) and udev_device_new_from_device_id looks up devices based on the provided - device id which is a special string in one of the following four forms: + device id, which is a special string in one of the following four forms: Device ID strings diff --git a/man/udev_list_entry.xml b/man/udev_list_entry.xml index 6e033bdc813..a1b531d52a8 100644 --- a/man/udev_list_entry.xml +++ b/man/udev_list_entry.xml @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ udev_list_entry_get_name() and udev_list_entry_get_value() return a pointer to a constant string representing the requested value. - The string is bound to the lifetime of the list-entry itself. + The string is bound to the lifetime of the list entry itself. On failure, NULL is returned. diff --git a/man/udevadm.xml b/man/udevadm.xml index 8ef9e23aa2a..ef3ca4a72a7 100644 --- a/man/udevadm.xml +++ b/man/udevadm.xml @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ - In addition an optional positional argument can be used + In addition, an optional positional argument can be used to specify a device name or a sys path. It must start with /dev or /sys respectively. @@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ - In addition optional positional arguments can be used + In addition, optional positional arguments can be used to specify device names or sys paths. They must start with /dev or /sys respectively. diff --git a/src/basic/terminal-util.c b/src/basic/terminal-util.c index b96bfcb8ef5..3931b03bc2a 100644 --- a/src/basic/terminal-util.c +++ b/src/basic/terminal-util.c @@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ int acquire_terminal( assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0); - /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY + /* Sometimes, it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already * are have this controlling terminal. */ if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm) diff --git a/src/basic/unit-name.c b/src/basic/unit-name.c index 0775ae7c14b..710421508c9 100644 --- a/src/basic/unit-name.c +++ b/src/basic/unit-name.c @@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ static char *do_escape_mangle(const char *f, UnitNameMangle allow_globs, char *t * /blah/blah is converted to blah-blah.mount, anything else is left alone, * except that @suffix is appended if a valid unit suffix is not present. * - * If @allow_globs, globs characters are preserved. Otherwise they are escaped. + * If @allow_globs, globs characters are preserved. Otherwise, they are escaped. */ int unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(const char *name, UnitNameMangle allow_globs, const char *suffix, char **ret) { char *s, *t; diff --git a/src/core/swap.c b/src/core/swap.c index f626ea4d872..baaa27b6a31 100644 --- a/src/core/swap.c +++ b/src/core/swap.c @@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@ static Unit *swap_following(Unit *u) { if (other->from_fragment) return UNIT(other); - /* Otherwise make everybody follow the unit that's named after + /* Otherwise, make everybody follow the unit that's named after * the swap device in the kernel */ if (streq_ptr(s->what, s->devnode)) diff --git a/src/libsystemd/sd-bus/bus-error.c b/src/libsystemd/sd-bus/bus-error.c index 84229c29640..239d7245e6e 100644 --- a/src/libsystemd/sd-bus/bus-error.c +++ b/src/libsystemd/sd-bus/bus-error.c @@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_error_set_errnof(sd_bus_error *e, int error, const char *for const char *bus_error_message(const sd_bus_error *e, int error) { if (e) { - /* Sometimes the D-Bus server is a little bit too verbose with + /* Sometimes, the D-Bus server is a little bit too verbose with * its error messages, so let's override them here */ if (sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) return "Access denied"; diff --git a/src/machine/machine.c b/src/machine/machine.c index cbc03640c17..196bc4b8f4f 100644 --- a/src/machine/machine.c +++ b/src/machine/machine.c @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ int machine_kill(Machine *m, KillWho who, int signo) { return 0; } - /* Otherwise make PID 1 do it for us, for the entire cgroup */ + /* Otherwise, make PID 1 do it for us, for the entire cgroup */ return manager_kill_unit(m->manager, m->unit, signo, NULL); } diff --git a/src/nspawn/nspawn.c b/src/nspawn/nspawn.c index ff12ca64983..c0b29bf4af0 100644 --- a/src/nspawn/nspawn.c +++ b/src/nspawn/nspawn.c @@ -2828,7 +2828,7 @@ static int load_settings(void) { p = j; j = NULL; - /* By default we trust configuration from /etc and /run */ + /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */ if (arg_settings_trusted < 0) arg_settings_trusted = true; @@ -2858,7 +2858,7 @@ static int load_settings(void) { if (!f && errno != ENOENT) return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p); - /* By default we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */ + /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */ if (arg_settings_trusted < 0) arg_settings_trusted = false; } diff --git a/src/resolve/resolved-conf.c b/src/resolve/resolved-conf.c index 42e3be31681..de1bd26174c 100644 --- a/src/resolve/resolved-conf.c +++ b/src/resolve/resolved-conf.c @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ int config_parse_dnsv( /* Empty assignment means clear the list */ manager_flush_dns_servers(m, ltype); else { - /* Otherwise add to the list */ + /* Otherwise, add to the list */ r = manager_parse_dns_server(m, ltype, rvalue); if (r < 0) { log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse DNS server string '%s'. Ignoring.", rvalue); diff --git a/src/sysusers/sysusers.c b/src/sysusers/sysusers.c index 9a1c88d08ee..008b1bde243 100644 --- a/src/sysusers/sysusers.c +++ b/src/sysusers/sysusers.c @@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ static int add_user(Item *i) { } } - /* Otherwise try to reuse the group ID */ + /* Otherwise, try to reuse the group ID */ if (!i->uid_set && i->gid_set) { r = uid_is_ok((uid_t) i->gid, i->name); if (r < 0)