diff --git a/man/systemd.netdev.xml b/man/systemd.netdev.xml
index 1f9f071b94a..585b924e3d9 100644
--- a/man/systemd.netdev.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.netdev.xml
@@ -58,31 +58,38 @@
systemd-networkd8.
- Virtual Network Device files must have the extension
- .netdev; other extensions are ignored.
- Virtual network devices are created as soon as networkd is
- started. If a netdev with the specified name already exists,
- networkd will use that as-is rather than create its own. Note that
- the settings of the pre-existing netdev will not be changed by
+ The main Virtual Network Device file must have the extension .netdev;
+ other extensions are ignored. Virtual network devices are created as soon as networkd is
+ started. If a netdev with the specified name already exists, networkd will use that as-is rather
+ than create its own. Note that the settings of the pre-existing netdev will not be changed by
networkd.
- The .netdev files are read from the
- files located in the system network directory
- /usr/lib/systemd/network, the volatile
- runtime network directory
- /run/systemd/network and the local
- administration network directory
- /etc/systemd/network. All configuration files
- are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order, regardless
- of the directories in which they live. However, files with
- identical filenames replace each other. Files in
- /etc have the highest priority, files in
- /run take precedence over files with the same
- name in /usr/lib. This can be used to
- override a system-supplied configuration file with a local file if
- needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink
- with the same name pointing to /dev/null
- disables the configuration file entirely (it is "masked").
+ The .netdev files are read from the files located in the system
+ network directory /usr/lib/systemd/network, the volatile runtime network
+ directory /run/systemd/network and the local administration network
+ directory /etc/systemd/network. All configuration files are collectively
+ sorted and processed in lexical order, regardless of the directories in which they live.
+ However, files with identical filenames replace each other. Files in /etc
+ have the highest priority, files in /run take precedence over files with
+ the same name in /usr/lib. This can be used to override a system-supplied
+ configuration file with a local file if needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0)
+ or symlink with the same name pointing to /dev/null disables the
+ configuration file entirely (it is "masked").
+
+ Along with the netdev file foo.netdev, a "drop-in" directory
+ foo.netdev.d/ may exist. All files with the suffix .conf
+ from this directory will be parsed after the file itself is parsed. This is useful to alter or
+ add configuration settings, without having to modify the main configuration file. Each drop-in
+ file must have appropriate section headers.
+
+ In addition to /etc/systemd/network, drop-in .d
+ directories can be placed in /usr/lib/systemd/network or
+ /run/systemd/network directories. Drop-in files in
+ /etc take precedence over those in /run which in turn
+ take precedence over those in /usr/lib. Drop-in files under any of these
+ directories take precedence over the main netdev file wherever located. (Of course, since
+ /run is temporary and /usr/lib is for vendors, it is
+ unlikely drop-ins should be used in either of those places.)
diff --git a/man/systemd.network.xml b/man/systemd.network.xml
index c332cd7bdc9..eb7d441842e 100644
--- a/man/systemd.network.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.network.xml
@@ -58,31 +58,40 @@
systemd-networkd8.
- Network files must have the extension
- .network; other extensions are ignored.
- Networks are applied to links whenever the links appear.
+ The main network file must have the extension .network; other
+ extensions are ignored. Networks are applied to links whenever the links appear.
- The .network files are read from the
- files located in the system network directory
- /usr/lib/systemd/network, the volatile
- runtime network directory
- /run/systemd/network and the local
- administration network directory
- /etc/systemd/network. All configuration files
- are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order, regardless
- of the directories in which they live. However, files with
- identical filenames replace each other. Files in
- /etc have the highest priority, files in
- /run take precedence over files with the same
- name in /usr/lib. This can be used to
- override a system-supplied configuration file with a local file if
- needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink
- with the same name pointing to /dev/null
- disables the configuration file entirely (it is "masked").
+ The .network files are read from the files located in the system
+ network directory /usr/lib/systemd/network, the volatile runtime network
+ directory /run/systemd/network and the local administration network
+ directory /etc/systemd/network. All configuration files are collectively
+ sorted and processed in lexical order, regardless of the directories in which they live.
+ However, files with identical filenames replace each other. Files in /etc
+ have the highest priority, files in /run take precedence over files with
+ the same name in /usr/lib. This can be used to override a system-supplied
+ configuration file with a local file if needed. As a special case, an empty file (file size 0)
+ or symlink with the same name pointing to /dev/null disables the
+ configuration file entirely (it is "masked").
- Note that an interface without any static IPv6 addresses configured, and neither DHCPv6 nor IPv6LL enabled,
- shall be considered to have no IPv6 support. IPv6 will be automatically disabled for that interface by writing "1"
- to /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/ifname/disable_ipv6.
+ Along with the network file foo.network, a "drop-in" directory
+ foo.network.d/ may exist. All files with the suffix
+ .conf from this directory will be parsed after the file itself is
+ parsed. This is useful to alter or add configuration settings, without having to modify the main
+ configuration file. Each drop-in file must have appropriate section headers.
+
+ In addition to /etc/systemd/network, drop-in .d
+ directories can be placed in /usr/lib/systemd/network or
+ /run/systemd/network directories. Drop-in files in
+ /etc take precedence over those in /run which in turn
+ take precedence over those in /usr/lib. Drop-in files under any of these
+ directories take precedence over the main netdev file wherever located. (Of course, since
+ /run is temporary and /usr/lib is for vendors, it is
+ unlikely drop-ins should be used in either of those places.)
+
+ Note that an interface without any static IPv6 addresses configured, and neither DHCPv6
+ nor IPv6LL enabled, shall be considered to have no IPv6 support. IPv6 will be automatically
+ disabled for that interface by writing "1" to
+ /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/ifname/disable_ipv6.
diff --git a/man/systemd.unit.xml b/man/systemd.unit.xml
index f818e772a98..9778283fec5 100644
--- a/man/systemd.unit.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.unit.xml
@@ -144,71 +144,71 @@
and are
equivalent.
- Time span values encoded in unit files can be written in various formats. A stand-alone number specifies a
- time in seconds. If suffixed with a time unit, the unit is honored. A concatenation of multiple values with units
- is supported, in which case the values are added up. Example: 50 refers to 50 seconds;
- 2min 200ms refers to 2 minutes and 200 milliseconds, i.e. 120200 ms. The following time units
- are understood: s, min, h, d,
+ Time span values encoded in unit files can be written in various formats. A stand-alone
+ number specifies a time in seconds. If suffixed with a time unit, the unit is honored. A
+ concatenation of multiple values with units is supported, in which case the values are added
+ up. Example: 50 refers to 50 seconds; 2min 200ms refers to
+ 2 minutes and 200 milliseconds, i.e. 120200 ms. The following time units are understood:
+ s, min, h, d,
w, ms, us. For details see
systemd.time7.
- Empty lines and lines starting with # or ; are ignored. This may be
- used for commenting. Lines ending in a backslash are concatenated with the following line while reading and the
- backslash is replaced by a space character. This may be used to wrap long lines.
+ Empty lines and lines starting with # or ; are
+ ignored. This may be used for commenting. Lines ending in a backslash are concatenated with the
+ following line while reading and the backslash is replaced by a space character. This may be
+ used to wrap long lines.
- Units can be aliased (have an alternative name), by creating a symlink from the new name to the existing name
- in one of the unit search paths. For example, systemd-networkd.service has the alias
- dbus-org.freedesktop.network1.service, created during installation as the symlink
- /usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.network1.service. In addition, unit files may
- specify aliases through the Alias= directive in the [Install] section; those aliases are only
- effective when the unit is enabled. When the unit is enabled, symlinks will be created for those names, and removed
- when the unit is disabled. For example, reboot.target specifies
- Alias=ctrl-alt-del.target, so when enabled it will be invoked whenever CTRL+ALT+DEL is
- pressed. Alias names may be used in commands like enable, disable,
- start, stop, status, …, and in unit dependency directives
- Wants=, Requires=, Before=, After=, …,
- with the limitation that aliases specified through Alias= are only effective when the unit is
- enabled. Aliases cannot be used with the preset command.
+ Units can be aliased (have an alternative name), by creating a symlink from the new name
+ to the existing name in one of the unit search paths. For example,
+ systemd-networkd.service has the alias
+ dbus-org.freedesktop.network1.service, created during installation as the
+ symlink /usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.network1.service. In
+ addition, unit files may specify aliases through the Alias= directive in the
+ [Install] section; those aliases are only effective when the unit is enabled. When the unit is
+ enabled, symlinks will be created for those names, and removed when the unit is disabled. For
+ example, reboot.target specifies
+ Alias=ctrl-alt-del.target, so when enabled it will be invoked whenever
+ CTRL+ALT+DEL is pressed. Alias names may be used in commands like enable,
+ disable, start, stop,
+ status, …, and in unit dependency directives Wants=,
+ Requires=, Before=, After=, …, with the
+ limitation that aliases specified through Alias= are only effective when the
+ unit is enabled. Aliases cannot be used with the preset command.
- Along with a unit file foo.service, the
- directory foo.service.wants/ may exist. All
- unit files symlinked from such a directory are implicitly added as
- dependencies of type Wants= to the unit. This
- is useful to hook units into the start-up of other units, without
- having to modify their unit files. For details about the semantics
- of Wants=, see below. The preferred way to
- create symlinks in the .wants/ directory of a
- unit file is with the enable command of the
+ Along with a unit file foo.service, the directory
+ foo.service.wants/ may exist. All unit files symlinked from such a
+ directory are implicitly added as dependencies of type Wants= to the unit.
+ This is useful to hook units into the start-up of other units, without having to modify their
+ unit files. For details about the semantics of Wants=, see below. The
+ preferred way to create symlinks in the .wants/ directory of a unit file is
+ with the enable command of the
systemctl1
- tool which reads information from the [Install] section of unit
- files (see below). A similar functionality exists for
- Requires= type dependencies as well, the
- directory suffix is .requires/ in this
- case.
+ tool which reads information from the [Install] section of unit files (see below). A similar
+ functionality exists for Requires= type dependencies as well, the directory
+ suffix is .requires/ in this case.Along with a unit file foo.service, a "drop-in" directory
- foo.service.d/ may exist. All files with the suffix .conf from this
- directory will be parsed after the file itself is parsed. This is useful to alter or add configuration settings for
- a unit, without having to modify unit files. Each drop-in file must have appropriate section headers. Note that for
- instantiated units, this logic will first look for the instance .d/ subdirectory and read its
- .conf files, followed by the template .d/ subdirectory and the
- .conf files there. Also note that settings from the [Install] section are not
- honoured in drop-in unit files, and have no effect.
+ foo.service.d/ may exist. All files with the suffix
+ .conf from this directory will be parsed after the file itself is
+ parsed. This is useful to alter or add configuration settings for a unit, without having to
+ modify unit files. Each drop-in file must have appropriate section headers. Note that for
+ instantiated units, this logic will first look for the instance .d/
+ subdirectory and read its .conf files, followed by the template
+ .d/ subdirectory and the .conf files there. Also note that
+ settings from the [Install] section are not honoured in drop-in unit files,
+ and have no effect.
- In addition to /etc/systemd/system,
- the drop-in .conf files for system services
- can be placed in /usr/lib/systemd/system or
- /run/systemd/system directories. Drop-in
- files in /etc take precedence over those in
- /run which in turn take precedence over
- those in /usr/lib. Drop-in files under any of
- these directories take precedence over unit files wherever located.
- (Of course, since /run is temporary and
- /usr/lib is for vendors, it is unlikely
- drop-ins should be used in either of those places.)
-
+ In addition to /etc/systemd/system, the drop-in .d
+ directories for system services can be placed in /usr/lib/systemd/system or
+ /run/systemd/system directories. Drop-in files in /etc
+ take precedence over those in /run which in turn take precedence over those
+ in /usr/lib. Drop-in files under any of these directories take precedence
+ over unit files wherever located. (Of course, since /run is temporary and
+ /usr/lib is for vendors, it is unlikely drop-ins should be used in either
+ of those places.)
+
+
Some unit names reflect paths existing in the file system
namespace. Example: a device unit