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Like much English text, the systemd documentation uses "may not" in the
sense of both "will possibly not" and "is forbidden to". In many cases
this is OK because the context makes it clear, but in others I felt it
was possible to read the "is forbidden to" sense by mistake: in
particular, I tripped over "the target file may not exist" in
systemd.unit(5) before realizing the correct interpretation.
Use "might not" or "may choose not to" in these cases to make it clear
which sense we mean.
Most of our kernel cmdline options use underscores as word separators in
kernel cmdline options, but there were some exceptions. Let's fix those,
and also use underscores.
Since our /proc/cmdline parsers don't distinguish between the two
characters anyway this should not break anything, but makes sure our own
codebase (and in particular docs and log messages) are internally
consistent.
The intro of systemd-firstboot is rewritten to make it clearer how it fits into
the big picture. Systemd does some machine-id and presets and
systemd-firstboot.service is used to interactively fill in the blanks.
Closes#22225.
We already have specifiers that resolve to $XDG_STATE_HOME, and
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME. $XDG_DATA_HOME is in a similar vein.
It allows units belonging to the user service manager to correctly look
into ~/.local/share. I imagine this would be most useful inside of
condition checks (i.e. only run a service on session startup if some
data is not found in ~/.local/share) or in the inotify monitoring of a
.path unit
With <para><filename>…</filename></para>, we get a separate "paragraph" for
each line, i.e. entries separated by empty lines. This uses up a lot of space
and was only done because docbook makes it hard to insert a newline. In some
other places, <literallayout> was used, but then we cannot indent the source
text (because the whitespace would end up in the final page). We can get the
desired result with <simplelist>.
With <simplelist> the items are indented in roff output, but not in html
output. In some places this looks better then no indentation, and in others it
would probably be better to have no indent. But this is a minor issue and we
cannot control that.
(I didn't convert all spots. There's a bunch of other man pages which have two
lines, e.g. an executable and service file, and it doesn't matter there so
much.)
This is the equivalent of RequiresMountsFor=, but adds Wants= instead
of Requires=. It will be useful for example for the autogenerated
systemd-cryptsetup units.
Fixes https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/11646
This seems to work as expected. In the issue, doubts were raised whether it
works fine with daemon-reload/daemon-reexec, and it seems to work fine.
(The property cannot be set via set-property, the dbus property is 'const'.
We could relax this, but that'd be a separate feature.)
Closes#29574.
Add a new boolean for units, SurviveFinalKillSignal=yes/no. Units that
set it will not have their process receive the final sigterm/sigkill in
the shutdown phase.
This is implemented by checking if a process is part of a cgroup marked
with a user.survive_final_kill_signal xattr (or a trusted xattr if we
can't set a user one, which were added only in kernel v5.7 and are not
supported in CentOS 8).
As I noticed a lot of missing information when trying to implement checking
for missing info. I reimplemented the version information script to be more
robust, and here is the result.
Follow up to ec07c3c80b
This tries to add information about when each option was added. It goes
back to version 183.
The version info is included from a separate file to allow generating it,
which would allow more control on the formatting of the final output.
As it says on the tin, configures the unit to survive a soft reboot.
Currently all the following options have to be set by hand:
Conflicts=reboot.target kexec.target poweroff.target halt.target
Before=reboot.target kexec.target poweroff.target halt.target
After=sysinit.target basic.target
DefaultDependencies=no
IgnoreOnIsolate=yes
This is not very user friendly. If new default dependencies are added,
or new shutdown/reboot types, they also have to be added manually.
The new option is much simpler, easy to find, and does the right thing
by default.
The "cvm" flag indicates whether the OS is running inside a confidential
virtual machine.
Related: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/27604
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
This adds support for the new XDG_STATE_HOME env var that was added to
the xdg basedir spec. Previously, because the basedir spec didn't know
the concept we'd alias the backing dir for StateDirectory= to the one
for ConfigurationDirectory= when runnin in --user mode. With this change
we'll make separate. This brings us various benefits, such as proper
"systemctl clean" support, where we can clear service state separately
from service configuration, now in user mode too.
This does not come without complications: retaining compatibility with
older setups is difficult, because we cannot possibly identitfy which
files in existing populated config dirs are actually "state" and which
one are true" configuration.
Hence let's deal with this pragmatically: if we detect that a service
that has both dirs configured only has the configuration dir existing,
then symlink the state dir to the configuration dir to retain
compatibility.
This is not great, but it's the only somewhat reasonable way out I can
see.
Fixes: #25739
Previously, even if a.service has JoinsNamespaceOf=b.service, the
inverse direction of reference was not introduced.
Hence, a.service is started earlier than b.service, the namespace will
not shared with b.service.
Also, even if a.service had the reference to b.service, b.service did not.
If b.service is freed earlier, then unit_clear_dependencies() does not clear
the reference from a to b, and will cause use-after-free on unit_free() for
a.service.
Let's make JoinsNamespaceOf=b.service in a.service implies the inverse
dependency, i.e. JoinsNamespaceOf=a.service for b.service. Then, we can safely
free b.service.
We use ConditionControlGroupController=v2 in systemd-oomd.service, and also
this condition makes sense in general, so it should be documented.
This reverts a part of 6d48c7cf73.
Deprecated commandline options and v1 controller names were removed from
the description.
Unit names can be 255 characters long, not 256.
We first say "name prefix" and then continue with "unit prefix".
Confusing. Couldn't figure out which term is better hence settled on
"unit name prefix".
The code to evaluate the kernel command line option was busted because it
was doing 'return b == !!r' at a point where 'r > 0'. Thus we'd return "true"
in both cases:
$ SYSTEMD_PROC_CMDLINE=systemd.condition-first-boot build/systemd-analyze condition 'ConditionFirstBoot=true'
test.service: ConditionFirstBoot=true succeeded.
Conditions succeeded.
$ SYSTEMD_PROC_CMDLINE=systemd.condition-first-boot build/systemd-analyze condition 'ConditionFirstBoot=false'
test.service: ConditionFirstBoot=false succeeded.
Conditions succeeded.
We only use 'ConditionFirstBoot=true' in units, so this wasn't noticed.
But I think the logic is broken in general: the condition should evaluate as
true only during initial boot. If we rerun the units at later points, we should
not consider ConditionFirstBoot to be true.
Also, the first boot logic is also used in pid1 itself. AFAICT, for two
things: in first boot machine-id is initialized transiently (this allows
first-boot operations to be restarted if boot fails), and preset-all is
executed. But this logic was different and separate from the logic to
evaluate ConditionFirstBoot. The distinction is abolished, and the operations
in pid1 now use the same logic as ConditionFirstBoot, which means that the
kernel command line option is checked, and condition_test_first_boot()
just tests whether pid1 thinks we're in first boot.
This makes things easier to grok for the user: there's just one condition for
"first boot" and it applies to both pid1 and units.
This documents that explicit `Before=`/`After=` dependencies can be
used to selectively override implicit ordering coming from default
dependencies. That allows for more granular control compared to the
already documented `DefaultDependencies=no` option.
The alternative approach came up in a discussion around the ordering
of `boot-complete.target`, so this also adds an explicit suggestion
in that direction to the "Automatic Boot Assessment" documentation.
Ref: https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2022-September/048330.html
So this is a bit of a bikeshedding thing. But I think we should do this
nonetheless, before this is released.
Playing around with the glob matches I realized that "=$" is really hard
to grep for, since in shell code it's an often seen construct. Also,
when reading code I often found myself thinking first that the "$"
belongs to the rvalue instead of the operator, in a variable expansion
scheme.
If we move the $ character to the left hand, I think we are on the safer
side, since usually lvalues are much more restricted in character sets
than rvalues (at least most programming languages do enforce limits on
the character set for identifiers).
It makes it much easier to grep for the new operator, and easier to read
too. Example:
before:
ConditionOSRelease=ID=$fedora-*
after:
ConditionOSRelease=ID$=fedora-*
The only reason to do this is to ensure uniformity with the other
options, that work like this, i.e. ConditionOSRelease= or
ConditionSecurity=.
This is a compatibility break, but a minor one, given that string
comparison and version comparison is mostly the same for equality and
inequality.
These two operators always indicate ordering comparisons, as opposed to
"=" and "!=" which depending on context mean literal string compares.
This is useful for ConditionOSRelease= for example, as this means
there's now always a way to do version compares.
Often I end up debugging a problem on a system, and I
do e.g. `journalctl --grep=failed|error`. The use of the term
"failed" for condition checks adds a *lot* of unnecessary noise into
this.
Now, I know this regexp search isn't precise, but it has proven
to be useful to me.
I think "failed" is too strong of a term as a baseline, and also
just stands out to e.g. humans watching their servers boot or
whatever.
The term "met condition" is fairly widely used, e.g.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63751794/what-does-the-condition-is-met-exactly-mean-in-programming-languages
Use that instead.
