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Add a new --pivot-root argument to systemd-nspawn, which specifies a
directory to pivot to / inside the container; while the original / is
pivoted to another specified directory (if provided). This adds
support for booting container images which may contain several bootable
sysroots, as is common with OSTree disk images. When these disk images
are booted on real hardware, ostree-prepare-root is run in conjunction
with sysroot.mount in the initramfs to achieve the same results.
This change documents the existance of the systemd-nspawn@.service template
unit file, which was previously not mentioned at all. Since the unit file uses
slightly different default than nspawn invoked from the command line, these
defaults are now explicitly documented too.
A couple of further additions and changes are made, too.
Replaces: #3497
This the patch implements a notificaiton mechanism from the init process
in the container to systemd-nspawn.
The switch --notify-ready=yes configures systemd-nspawn to wait the "READY=1"
message from the init process in the container to send its own to systemd.
--notify-ready=no is equivalent to the previous behavior before this patch,
systemd-nspawn notifies systemd with a "READY=1" message when the container is
created. This notificaiton mechanism uses socket file with path relative to the contanier
"/run/systemd/nspawn/notify". The default values it --notify-ready=no.
It is also possible to configure this mechanism from the .nspawn files using
NotifyReady. This parameter takes the same options of the command line switch.
Before this patch, systemd-nspawn notifies "ready" after the inner child was created,
regardless the status of the service running inside it. Now, with --notify-ready=yes,
systemd-nspawn notifies when the service is ready. This is really useful when
there are dependencies between different contaniers.
Fixes https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1369
Based on the work from https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/3022
Testing:
Boot a OS inside a container with systemd-nspawn.
Note: modify the commands accordingly with your filesystem.
1. Create a filesystem where you can boot an OS.
2. sudo systemd-nspawn -D ${HOME}/distros/fedora-23/ sh
2.1. Create the unit file /etc/systemd/system/sleep.service inside the container
(You can use the example below)
2.2. systemdctl enable sleep
2.3 exit
3. sudo systemd-run --service-type=notify --unit=notify-test
${HOME}/systemd/systemd-nspawn --notify-ready=yes
-D ${HOME}/distros/fedora-23/ -b
4. In a different shell run "systemctl status notify-test"
When using --notify-ready=yes the service status is "activating" for 20 seconds
before being set to "active (running)". Instead, using --notify-ready=no
the service status is marked "active (running)" quickly, without waiting for
the 20 seconds.
This patch was also test with --private-users=yes, you can test it just adding it
at the end of the command at point 3.
------ sleep.service ------
[Unit]
Description=sleep
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/bin/sleep 20
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
------------ end ------------
This adds a new switch --as-pid2, which allows running commands as PID 2, while a stub init process is run as PID 1.
This is useful in order to run arbitrary commands in a container, as PID1's semantics are different from all other
processes regarding reaping of unknown children or signal handling.
The new switch operates like --network-veth, but may be specified
multiple times (to define multiple link pairs) and allows flexible
definition of the interface names.
This is an independent reimplementation of #1678, but defines different
semantics, keeping the behaviour completely independent of
--network-veth. It also comes will full hook-up for .nspawn files, and
the matching documentation.
.nspawn fiels are simple settings files that may accompany container
images and directories and contain settings otherwise passed on the
nspawn command line. This provides an efficient way to attach execution
data directly to containers.
