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Let's make things more user-friendly and support for example
LimitAS=16G
rather than force users to always use LimitAS=16106127360.
The change is relevant for options:
[Default]Limit{FSIZE,DATA,STACK,CORE,RSS,AS,MEMLOCK,MSGQUEUE}
The patch introduces config_parse_bytes_limit(), it's the same as
config_parse_limit() but uses parse_size() tu support the suffixes.
Addresses: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1772
Document support for commas as a separator and possibility of specifying
ranges of CPU indices.
Tested by regenerating the manpages locally and reading them on man.
If set to ~ the working directory is set to the home directory of the
user configured in User=.
This change also exposes the existing switch for the working directory
that allowed making missing working directories non-fatal.
This also changes "machinectl shell" to make use of this to ensure that
the invoked shell is by default in the user's home directory.
Fixes#1268.
When generating utmp/wtmp entries, optionally add both LOGIN_PROCESS and
INIT_PROCESS entries or even all three of LOGIN_PROCESS, INIT_PROCESS
and USER_PROCESS entries, instead of just a single INIT_PROCESS entry.
With this change systemd may be used to not only invoke a getty directly
in a SysV-compliant way but alternatively also a login(1) implementation
or even forego getty and login entirely, and invoke arbitrary shells in
a way that they appear in who(1) or w(1).
This is preparation for a later commit that adds a "machinectl shell"
operation to invoke a shell in a container, in a way that is compatible
with who(1) and w(1).
This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream
introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a
downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the
current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release.
* by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the
search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search
path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is
worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we
could ship this.
* this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend
on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing
man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before
we could ship with this patch.
* we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order
to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start
adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should
probably question if it makes sense at all.
In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions
like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup.
Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while
doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some
files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach.
This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch:
http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220
The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html
This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of:
- Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount.
- Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc.
These will be handled separately by follow up patches.
Tested:
- With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate
directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly.
- Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian:
http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules
Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of
/usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist.
- Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.
In service file, if the file has some of special SMACK label in
ExecStart= and systemd has no permission for the special SMACK label
then permission error will occurred. To resolve this, systemd should
be able to set its SMACK label to something accessible of ExecStart=.
So introduce new SmackProcessLabel. If label is specified with
SmackProcessLabel= then the child systemd will set its label to
that. To successfully execute the ExecStart=, accessible label should
be specified with SmackProcessLabel=.
Additionally, by SMACK policy, if the file in ExecStart= has no
SMACK64EXEC then the executed process will have given label by
SmackProcessLabel=. But if the file has SMACK64EXEC then the
SMACK64EXEC label will be overridden.
[zj: reword man page]
It is annoying when we have dead links on fd.o.
Add project='man-pages|die-net|archlinux' to <citerefentry>-ies.
In generated html, add external links to
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man, http://linux.die.net/man/,
https://www.archlinux.org/.
By default, pages in sections 2 and 4 go to man7, since Michael
Kerrisk is the autorative source on kernel related stuff.
The rest of links goes to linux.die.net, because they have the
manpages.
Except for the pacman stuff, since it seems to be only available from
archlinux.org.
Poor gummiboot gets no link, because gummitboot(8) ain't to be found
on the net. According to common wisdom, that would mean that it does
not exist. But I have seen Kay using it, so I know it does, and
deserves to be found. Can somebody be nice and put it up somewhere?
Instead of blindly creating another bind mount for read-only mounts,
check if there's already one we can use, and if so, use it. Also,
recursively mark all submounts read-only too. Also, ignore autofs mounts
when remounting read-only unless they are already triggered.
This would otherwise unconditionally trigger any /boot autofs mount,
which we probably should avoid.
ProtectSystem= will now only cover /usr and (optionally) /etc, both of
which cannot be autofs anyway.
ProtectHome will continue to cover /run/user and /home. The former
cannot be autofs either. /home could be, however is frequently enough
used (unlikey /boot) so that it isn't too problematic to simply trigger
it unconditionally via ProtectHome=.
Also, rename ProtectedHome= to ProtectHome=, to simplify things a bit.
With this in place we now have two neat options ProtectSystem= and
ProtectHome= for protecting the OS itself (and optionally its
configuration), and for protecting the user's data.
ReadOnlySystem= uses fs namespaces to mount /usr and /boot read-only for
a service.
ProtectedHome= uses fs namespaces to mount /home and /run/user
inaccessible or read-only for a service.
This patch also enables these settings for all our long-running services.
Together they should be good building block for a minimal service
sandbox, removing the ability for services to modify the operating
system or access the user's private data.
tcpwrap is legacy code, that is barely maintained upstream. It's APIs
are awful, and the feature set it exposes (such as DNS and IDENT
access control) questionnable. We should not support this natively in
systemd.
Hence, let's remove the code. If people want to continue making use of
this, they can do so by plugging in "tcpd" for the processes they start.
With that scheme things are as well or badly supported as they were from
traditional inetd, hence no functionality is really lost.
This new unit settings allows restricting which address families are
available to processes. This is an effective way to minimize the attack
surface of services, by turning off entire network stacks for them.
This is based on seccomp, and does not work on x86-32, since seccomp
cannot filter socketcall() syscalls on that platform.
This permit to switch to a specific apparmor profile when starting a daemon. This
will result in a non operation if apparmor is disabled.
It also add a new build requirement on libapparmor for using this feature.
Issues fixed:
* missing words required by grammar
* duplicated or extraneous words
* inappropriate forms (e.g. singular/plural), and declinations
* orthographic misspellings
Actually 'STDOUT' is something that doesn't appear anywhere: in the
stdlib we have 'stdin', and there's only the constant STDOUT_FILENO,
so there's no reason to use capitals. When refering to code,
STDOUT/STDOUT/STDERR are replaced with stdin/stdout/stderr, and in
other places they are replaced with normal phrases like standard
output, etc.
* standardize capitalization of STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR
* reword some sentences for clarity
* reflow some very long lines to be shorter than ~80 characters
* add some missing <literal>, <constant>, <varname>, <option>, and <filename> tags
- Allow configuration of an errno error to return from blacklisted
syscalls, instead of immediately terminating a process.
- Fix parsing logic when libseccomp support is turned off
- Only keep the actual syscall set in the ExecContext, and generate the
string version only on demand.
Let's always call the security labels the same way:
SMACK: "Smack Label"
SELINUX: "SELinux Security Context"
And the low-level encapsulation is called "seclabel". Now let's hope we
stick to this vocabulary in future, too, and don't mix "label"s and
"security contexts" and so on wildly.
This permit to let system administrators decide of the domain of a service.
This can be used with templated units to have each service in a différent
domain ( for example, a per customer database, using MLS or anything ),
or can be used to force a non selinux enabled system (jvm, erlang, etc)
to start in a different domain for each service.
Similar to PrivateNetwork=, PrivateTmp= introduce PrivateDevices= that
sets up a private /dev with only the API pseudo-devices like /dev/null,
/dev/zero, /dev/random, but not any physical devices in them.
This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to:
- missing words, preposition choice.
- change of /lib to /usr/lib, because that is what most distros are
using as the system-wide location for systemd/udev files.
This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various
issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous comma
placement fixes…
Since cgroups are mostly now an implementation detail of systemd lets
deemphasize it a bit in the man pages. This renames systemd.cgroup(5) to
systemd.resource-control(5) and uses the term "resource control" rather
than "cgroup" where appropriate.
This leaves the word "cgroup" in at a couple of places though, like for
example systemd-cgtop and systemd-cgls where cgroup stuff is at the core
of what is happening.
This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various
issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous
comma placement fixes…
Highligts in this particular commit:
- the "unsigned" type qualifier is completed to form a full type
"unsigned int"
- alphabetic -> lexicographic (that way we automatically define how
numbers get sorted)
This includes regularly-submitted corrections to comma setting and
orthographical mishaps that appeared in man/ in recent commits.
In this particular commit:
- the usual comma fixes
- expand contractions (this is prose)
Use proper grammar, word usage, adjective hyphenation, commas,
capitalization, spelling, etc.
To improve readability, some run-on sentences or sentence fragments were
revised.
[zj: remove the space from 'file name', 'host name', and 'time zone'.]
This complements existing functionality of setting variables
through 'systemctl set-environment', the kernel command line,
and through normal environment variables for systemd in session
mode.
This change is based on existing usage in systemd and online.
'File-system' may make sense in adjectival form, but man pages
seem to prefer 'file system' even in those situations.
Everything which is an absolute filename marked with <filename></filename>
lands in the index, unless noindex= attribute is present. Should make
it easier for people to find stuff when they are looking at a file on
disk.
Various formatting errors in manpages are fixed, kernel-install(1) is
restored to formatting sanity.
Previously, it would set all caps, but it should drop them all, anything
else makes little sense.
Also, document that this works as it does, and what to do in order to
assign all caps to the bounding set.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=914705
All Execs within the service, will get mounted the same
/tmp and /var/tmp directories, if service is configured with
PrivateTmp=yes. Temporary directories are cleaned up by service
itself in addition to systemd-tmpfiles. Directory which is mounted
as inaccessible is created at runtime in /run/systemd.
New sections are added: PAM options, crypttab options, commandline
options, miscellaneous. The last category will be used for all
untagged <varname> elements.
Commandline options sections is meant to be a developer tool: when
adding an option it is sometimes useful to be able to check if
similarly named options exist elsewhere.
Hi all,
while working on another bug, I discovered the "strange" way systemd is
parsing Environment= in .service and thought it was worth documenting
(because I don't expect people to find this syntax by themselves unless
they read the parsing code ;)
Be more verbose about using space in Environment field and not
using value of other variables
Fixes https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=840260
[zj: expand and reformat the example a bit]
Variable definitions can be written on more than one line - if each ends
with a backslash, then is concatenated with a previous one. Only
backslash and unix end of line (\n) are treated as a continuation.
Fixes: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=58083
[zj: squashed two patches together; cleaned up grammar; removed
comment about ignoring trailing backslash -- it is not ignored.]
Document continuation support in systemd.exec
A service that only sets the scheduling policy to round-robin
fails to be started. This is because the cpu_sched_priority is
initialized to 0 and is not adjusted when the policy is changed.
Clamp the cpu_sched_priority when the scheduler policy is set. Use
the current policy to validate the new priority.
Change the manual page to state that the given range only applies
to the real-time scheduling policies.
Add a testcase that verifies this change:
$ make test-sched-prio; ./test-sched-prio
[test/sched_idle_bad.service:6] CPU scheduling priority is out of range, ignoring: 1
[test/sched_rr_bad.service:7] CPU scheduling priority is out of range, ignoring: 0
[test/sched_rr_bad.service:8] CPU scheduling priority is out of range, ignoring: 100
