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After 3b16e9f419, even the libraries are
documented in the man page, it is useful to mention which libraries are
checked in the command output.
Of course, the dependencies are kind of implementation detail, and may
be changed in the future version, but that's especially why I think
showing the library deps in the output is useful.
systemd-analyze is a debugging tool, and already shows many internal
states. I think there is nothing to prevent from showing the deps.
Prompted by #34477.
The verb s not really specific to credential management, it was always a
bit misplaced. Hence move it to systemd-analyze, where we already have
some general TPM related verbs such as "srk" and "pcrs"
Note, `systemd-analyze foo@.service --instance=hoge` is equivalent to
`systemd-analyze foo@hoge.service`. But, the option may be useful when
e.g. passing multiple template units that have restriction on their
instance name:
```
$ ls
template_aaa@.service template_bbb@.service template_ccc@.service
$ systemd-analyze ./template_* --instance=hoge
```
Without the option, we need to embed an instance name into each unit
name, so cannot use globs.
Prompted by #33681.
+ Scale the x-axis of the resulting plot by a factor (default 1.0)
+ Add activation timestamps to each bar
Signed-off-by: rajmohan r <rajmohan.r@kpit.com>
This adds support in `systemd-analyze capability` for decoding
capability masks (sets), e.g.:
```console
$ systemd-analyze capability --mask 0000000000003c00
NAME NUMBER
cap_net_bind_service 10
cap_net_broadcast 11
cap_net_admin 12
cap_net_raw 13
```
This is intended as a convenience tool for pretty-printing capability
values as found in e.g. `/proc/$PID/status`.
I find myself wanting to check this data with a quick command, and
browsing through /sys/ manually getting binary data sucks. Hence let's
do add a nice little analysis tool.
The command will refuse to write to a TTY, so give a strong hint
that redirecting to a file is recommended. This makes the synopsis,
man page text, and --help output consistent.
Also drop the space after the redirection operator everywhere.
Without `--root` or `--image`, the `security` command inspects all currently
loaded service units if no unit name is specified. But with `--root` or
`--image` with `--offline=true`, the `security` command exits silently if no
unit name is specified.
Also, fixed description of `--root` and `--image` in the man page, and added
missing `--unit` option to help text.
man:
- `verify` requires an argument
- `security` does not require an argument
- `fdstore` requires an argument
- `image-policy` requires an argument
`--help` text:
- missing `image-policy` command
- `cat-config` requires NAME or PATH
This is pretty low-level functionality, hence placed in systemd-analyze.
This is useful for working with systemd-cryptenroll --tpm2-device-key=,
as it acquires the SRK without requiring the full tpm2-tss tool set.
When looking at configuration, often a user wants to suppress the comments and
just look at the parts that actually configure something, roughly equivalent to
systemd-analyze cat-config … | rg -v '^(#|;|$)
This switch implements this natively, skipping lines that start with a comment
character or only contain whitespace.
For formats that have section headers, section headers are skipped, if only
followed by stuff that would be skipped. (The last section header is printed
when we're about to print some actual output.)
Note that the caller doesn't know if the format has headers or not. We do format
type detection in pretty-print.c. So the caller only specifies tldr=true|false, and
conf_files_cat() figures out if the format has headers and whether those should
be handled specially.
The comments that show the file name are always printed, even if all of the file
is suppressed.
This is a partial answer to the discussions in
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/28919,
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/29248. If the default config is shown in
config files, the user can conveniently use '--tldr' to show the relevant parts.
This tries to add information about when each option was added. It goes
back to version 183.
The version info is included from a separate file to allow generating it,
which would allow more control on the formatting of the final output.
Dump*() methods can take quite some time due to the amount of data to
serialize, so they can potentially stall the manager. Make them
privileged, as they are debugging tools anyway. Use a new 'dump'
capability for polkit, and the 'reload' capability for SELinux, as
that's also non-destructive but slow.
If the caller is not privileged, allow it but rate limited to 10 calls
every 10 minutes.
(s) is just ugly with a vibe of DOS. In most cases just using the normal plural
form is more natural and gramatically correct.
There are some log_debug() statements left, and texts in foreign licenses or
headers. Those are not touched on purpose.
The new function DumpPatterns() can be used to limit (drastically) the size of
the data returned by PID1. Hence the optimization of serializing data into a
file descriptor should be less relevant than having the possibility to limit
the data when communicating with the service manager remotely.
NB: when passing patterns, the dump command omits the version of the manager as
well as the features and the timestamps.
The interface, output, and exit status convention are all taken directly from
rpmdev-vercmp and dpkg --compare-versions. The implementation is different
though. See test-string-util for a list of known cases where we compare
strings incompatibly.
The idea is that this string comparison function will be declared as "the"
method to use for boot entry ordering in the specification and similar
uses. Thus it's nice to allow users to compare strings.
Previously, systemd-analyze verify would return 0 even if warnings
were raised during analysis of the specified units or their
dependencies. With 3cc3dc7, verify was changed to return 1 when
warnings were raised.
This commit changes the default mode to _RECURSIVE_ERRORS_INVALID
so that verify returns zero again by default when warnings are
raised.
It turns out we can't have an Example nested in a list, and every
combination of nesting I tried looked bad either in troff or in html.
The whole example is moved to a separate section.
Allows to pass a portable profile when doing offline analysis of
units. Especially useful for analyzing portable images, since a
lot of the security-relevant settings in those cases come from
the profiles, but they are not shipped in the portable images.
In some cases an offline analysis should ignore some fields, for example
a portable service in an image will never list RootImage/RootDirectory, as
they are added at runtime, and thus can be skipped.
The new option --json= works with the 'security' verb and takes in one of three format flags.
These are off which is the default, pretty and short which use JSON format flags for output.
When set to true, it generates a JSON formatted output of the security analysis table. The
format is a JSON array with objects containing the following fields: set which indicates if
the id has been set or not, name which is what is used to refer to the id, json_field
which is the equivalent JSON formatted id name only used for JSON outputs, description which
is an outline of the id state, and exposure which is an unsigned integer in the range 0.0..10.0,
where a higher value corresponds to a higher security threat. The JSON version of the table is
printed on the standard output file.
Example Run:
The unit file testfile.service was created to test the --json= option
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (json-security)$ cat <<EOF >testfile.service
> [Service]
> ExecStart = echo hello
> PrivateNetwork = yes
> PrivateMounts = yes
> PrivateDevices = yes
> EOF
Both the JSON output and the security analysis table below have been truncated to increase readability.
1. Testing for when --json=off
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (json-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --json=off --root= --offline=true
testfile.service --no-pager
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/foo.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✓ PrivateNetwork= Service has no access to the host's network
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
✗ CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SET(UID|GID|PCAP) Service may change UID/GID identities/capabilities 0.3
✗ CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_ADMIN Service has administrator privileges 0.3
→ Overall exposure level for testfile.service: 8.3 EXPOSED 🙁
2. Testing for when --json=pretty
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (json-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --json=pretty --root= --offline=true
testfile.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/foo.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
[
{
"set" : true,
"name" : "PrivateNetwork=",
"json-field" : "PrivateNetwork",
"description" : "Service has no access to the host's network",
"exposure" : null
},
{
"set" : false,
"name" : "User=/DynamicUser=",
"json-field" : "UserOrDynamicUser",
"decsription" : "Service runs as root user",
"exposure" : "0.4"
},
{
"set" : false,
"name" : "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SET(UID|GID|PCAP)",
"json_field" : "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SET_UID_GID_PCAP",
"description" : "Service may change UID/GID identities/capabilities",
"exposure" : "0.3"
},
{
"set" : false,
"name" : "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_ADMIN",
"json_field" : "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_NET_ADMIN",
"description" : "Service has administrator privileges",
"exposure" : "0.3"
},
...
]
3. Testing for when --json=short
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (json-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --json=short --root= --offline=true
testfile.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/home/maanya-goenka/systemd/foo.service:2: Unknown key name 'foo' in section 'Unit', ignoring.
[{"set":true,"name":"PrivateNetwork=", "json_field":"PrivateNetwork", "description":"Service has no access to the host's network","exposure":null}, ...]
For most fields, the text shown by `.id` is the value that should be set
in the unit file; however, for RestrictNamespaces, it is not. Changing
this to show the actual text makes it more clear to a user what the
actual change that needs to be made to the unit file is.
