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This adds a new switch --as-pid2, which allows running commands as PID 2, while a stub init process is run as PID 1.
This is useful in order to run arbitrary commands in a container, as PID1's semantics are different from all other
processes regarding reaping of unknown children or signal handling.
The new switch operates like --network-veth, but may be specified
multiple times (to define multiple link pairs) and allows flexible
definition of the interface names.
This is an independent reimplementation of #1678, but defines different
semantics, keeping the behaviour completely independent of
--network-veth. It also comes will full hook-up for .nspawn files, and
the matching documentation.
Technically, it's safer that way, since dnf is supposed to parse the
"*", not the shell. It doesn't really matter too much in real life (as
the expression is too complex), but let's better be safe than sorry, and
make sure people won't file bugs about this...
Without the updates repo, we are installing packages from the time
that that version of Fedora was released. Normally, during the
lifetime of the release most packages are updated, so most of the
packages installed would be outdated, and the first update after
installation would update a massive set of packages. Avoid all this
by installing from the updates repo from the start.
Keys for previous and future Fedora distributions were added
for the fedora-repos package recently:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1246701.
There is no need to skip signature checking.
Also, update to the latest and greatest and remove unnecessary quotes.
.nspawn fiels are simple settings files that may accompany container
images and directories and contain settings otherwise passed on the
nspawn command line. This provides an efficient way to attach execution
data directly to containers.
--bind and --bind-ro perform the bind mount
non-recursively. It is sometimes (often?) desirable
to do a recursive mount. This patch adds an optional
set of bind mount options in the form of:
--bind=src-path:dst-path:options
options are comma separated and currently only
"rbind" and "norbind" are allowed.
Default value is "rbind".
The --machine option used to describe searching for machines in
/var/lib/machines, which is not the whole story, so let's link to where
it's described in more detail.
This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream
introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a
downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the
current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release.
* by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the
search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search
path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is
worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we
could ship this.
* this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend
on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing
man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before
we could ship with this patch.
* we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order
to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start
adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should
probably question if it makes sense at all.
In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions
like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup.
Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while
doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some
files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach.
This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch:
http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220
The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html
This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of:
- Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount.
- Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc.
These will be handled separately by follow up patches.
Tested:
- With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate
directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly.
- Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian:
http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules
Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of
/usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist.
- Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.
Previously all bind mount mounts were applied in the order specified,
followed by all tmpfs mounts in the order specified. This is
problematic, if bind mounts shall be placed within tmpfs mounts.
This patch hence reworks the custom mount point logic, and alwas applies
them in strict prefix-first order. This means the order of mounts
specified on the command line becomes irrelevant, the right operation
will always be executed.
While we are at it this commit also adds native support for overlayfs
mounts, as supported by recent kernels.
Previously, the man page suggested to only use nspawn for testing,
building, and debugging things. However, it is nowadays used in
production and used as building block for rocket, hence let's just admit
that it's pretty much production ready.
Given that this is also the place to store raw disk images which are
very much bootable with qemu/kvm it sounds like a misnomer to call the
directory "container". Hence, let's change this sooner rather than
later, and use the generic name, in particular since we otherwise try to
use the generic "machine" preferably over the more specific "container"
or "vm".
Now that networkd's IP masquerading support means that running
containers with "--network-veth" will provide network access out of the
box for the container, let's add a shortcut "-n" for it, to make it
easily accessible.
Also, when booting up an ephemeral container of / use the system
hostname as default machine name.
This way specifiyng -M is unnecessary when booting up an ephemeral
container, while allowing any number of ephemeral containers to run from
the same tree.
This adds --template= to duplicate an OS tree as btrfs snpashot and run
it
This also adds --ephemeral or -x to create a snapshot of an OS tree and
boot that, removing it after exit.
--link-journal={host,guest} fail if the host does not have persistent
journalling enabled and /var/log/journal/ does not exist. Even worse, as there
is no stdout/err any more, there is no error message to point that out.
Introduce two new modes "try-host" and "try-guest" which don't fail in this
case, and instead just silently skip the guest journal setup.
Change -j to mean "try-guest" instead of "guest", and fix the wrong --help
output for it (it said "host" before).
Change systemd-nspawn@.service.in to use "try-guest" so that this unit works
with both persistent and non-persistent journals on the host without failing.
https://bugs.debian.org/770275
It is annoying when we have dead links on fd.o.
Add project='man-pages|die-net|archlinux' to <citerefentry>-ies.
In generated html, add external links to
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man, http://linux.die.net/man/,
https://www.archlinux.org/.
By default, pages in sections 2 and 4 go to man7, since Michael
Kerrisk is the autorative source on kernel related stuff.
The rest of links goes to linux.die.net, because they have the
manpages.
Except for the pacman stuff, since it seems to be only available from
archlinux.org.
Poor gummiboot gets no link, because gummitboot(8) ain't to be found
on the net. According to common wisdom, that would mean that it does
not exist. But I have seen Kay using it, so I know it does, and
deserves to be found. Can somebody be nice and put it up somewhere?
The file should have been in /usr/lib/ in the first place, since it
describes the OS container in /usr (and not the configuration in /etc),
hence, let's support os-release files in /usr/lib as fallback if no
version in /etc exists, following the usual override logic.
A prior commit already enabled tmpfiles to create /etc/os-release as a
symlink to /usr/lib/os-release should it be missing, thus providing nice
compatibility with applications only checking in /etc.
While it's probably a good idea if all apps check both locations via a
fallback logic, it is only necessary in the early boot process, as long
as the /etc/os-release symlink has not been restored, in case we boot
with an empty /etc.
