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The name with plural made more sense where multiple options could be specified
in one line. After changes in the pull request, this option only accepts one
value, so from users' POV it should be singular.
(The field in the data structure remains plural, because it actually stores
multiple values.)
We slowly added many many conditions over the years, and the text became
very hard to read, because all the terms were squished in one <termitem>.
This rearragnes the text into a new subsection, with minimal grammar changes
and removal of repetitions.
Allow earlier PAM modules to set `systemd.runtime_max_sec`. If they do,
parse it and set it as the `RuntimeMaxUSec=` property of the session
scope, to limit the maximum lifetime of the session. This could be
useful for time-limiting login sessions, for example.
Signed-off-by: Philip Withnall <withnall@endlessm.com>
Fixes: #12035
Just as `RuntimeMaxSec=` is supported for service units, add support for
it to scope units. This will gracefully kill a scope after the timeout
expires from the moment the scope enters the running state.
This could be used for time-limited login sessions, for example.
Signed-off-by: Philip Withnall <withnall@endlessm.com>
Fixes: #12035
The default value was described at the end of two long paragraphs.
Make the first para self contained, and move the description of --console=pipe
into the second para.
Currently, there is no way to match against system-wide constants, such
as architecture or virtualization type, without forking helper binaries.
That potentially results in a huge number of spawned processes which
output always the same answer.
This patch introduces a special CONST keyword which takes a hard-coded
string as its key and returns a value assigned to that key. Currently
implemented are CONST{arch} and CONST{virt}, which can be used to match
against the system's architecture and virtualization type.
For executables which take a verb, we should list the verbs first, and
then options which modify those verbs second. The general layout of
the man page is from general description to specific details, usually
Overview, Commands, Options, Return Value, Examples, References.
This partially reverts 95355a281c.
It seems that other parts of link_stop_clients() should be skipped
when restarting, but I don't know enough about those other clients to have
an opinion if it is better to stop&start them on restart or not.
Anyway, that can be done in later patches now that the support for restarts
is there.
Fixes#13625.
exec-condition and oom-kill were added without updating this table
Updated success to reflect the code, which also allows kills by signal in certain situations
IPServiceType set to CS6 (network control) causes problems on some old
network setups that continue to interpret the field as IP TOS.
Make DHCP work on such networks by allowing this field to be set to
CS4 (Realtime) instead, as this maps to IPTOS_LOWDELAY.
Signed-off-by: Siddharth Chandrasekaran <csiddharth@vmware.com>
Introduce support for configuring cpus and mems for processes using
cgroup v2 CPUSET controller. This allows users to limit which cpus
and memory NUMA nodes can be used by processes to better utilize
system resources.
The cgroup v2 interfaces to control it are cpuset.cpus and cpuset.mems
where the requested configuration is written. However, it doesn't mean
that the requested configuration will be actually used as parent cgroup
may limit the cpus or mems as well. In order to reflect the real
configuration cgroup v2 provides read-only files cpuset.cpus.effective
and cpuset.mems.effective which are exported to users as well.
systemctl supports runlevel invocation name without utmp.
The runlevel symlink is installed unconditionally.
So it's reasonable to install runlevel manpage with it as well.
Signed-off-by: Jan Chren (rindeal) <dev.rindeal@gmail.com>
Traditionally, user logins had a $PATH in which /bin was before /sbin, while
root logins had a $PATH with /sbin first. This allows the tricks that
consolehelper is doing to work. But even if we ignore consolehelper, having the
path in this order might have been used by admins for other purposes, and
keeping the order in user sessions will make it easier the adoption of systemd
user sessions a bit easier.
Fixes#733.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1744059
OOM handling in manager_default_environment wasn't really correct.
Now the (theorertical) malloc failure in strv_new() is handled.
Please note that this has no effect on:
- systems with merged /bin-/sbin (e.g. arch)
- when there are no binaries that differ between the two locations.
E.g. on my F30 laptop there is exactly one program that is affected:
/usr/bin/setup -> consolehelper.
There is less and less stuff that relies on consolehelper, but there's still
some.
So for "clean" systems this makes no difference, but helps with legacy setups.
$ dnf repoquery --releasever=31 --qf %{name} --whatrequires usermode
anaconda-live
audit-viewer
beesu
chkrootkit
driftnet
drobo-utils-gui
hddtemp
mate-system-log
mock
pure-ftpd
setuptool
subscription-manager
system-config-httpd
system-config-rootpassword
system-switch-java
system-switch-mail
usermode-gtk
vpnc-consoleuser
wifi-radar
xawtv
journalctl --unit= already did this, and allows you to tail all the logs
for a certain slice easily. It seemed only natural to make --user-unit
behave in a similar way.
The _SYSTEMD_USER_SLICE field was not documented as being added by
journald, so I have added that to the documentation too.
Furthermore, I have documented the existing behaviour of --unit= and the
new behaviour of --user-unit=
The behaviour was actually not documented before, so I am also OK with
removing the match for the --unit= command instead. The user would then
have to manually provide _SYSTEMD_SLICE= filter to journalctl in both
cases. Both options work for me.
Don't claim we'd use cgroup.deny much. It's just a way to remove stuff
from device lists, which is nothing we allow users to explicitly
configure.
Also, extend documentation when wildcards may be used, and when not.
waitid(2) and the libc function signature calls this "exit status", and
uses "exit code" for something different. Let's stick to the same
nomenclature hence.
This option is only used on reboot, not on other types of shutdown
modes, so it is misleading.
Keep the old name working for backward compatibility, but remove it
from the documentation.
Rather than always enabling the shutdown WD on kexec, which might be
dangerous in case the kernel driver and/or the hardware implementation
does not reset the wd on kexec, add a new timer, disabled by default,
to let users optionally enable the shutdown WD on kexec separately
from the runtime and reboot ones. Advise in the documentation to
also use the runtime WD in conjunction with it.
Fixes: a637d0f9ec ("core: set shutdown watchdog on kexec too")
We removed support for foreign services (and ntp-units.d/) in b72ddf0f4.
Support for foreign services was added back in 5d280742, but through an
environment variable.
The problem with the env var approach is that it only works as a mechanism
to select one item, and doesn't work nicely as a mechinism to create a list
of items through drop-ins (because the env var can be easily overridden, but not
extended). Having a list of "ntp providers" is important to be able to reliably disable
all of them when that is requested.
Another problem is that nobody ever bothered to care about our new "standard".
ntp-units.d/ is a nice simple format that works and is already supported by
chrony and ntpd and timedatex. If we were to introduce and ask people to follow
a new standard, there should be some good reason for this. The idea with env
vars has lower functionality, requires systemd-specific syntax. We should just
re-adopt the format that we originally introduced and that seems to work for
everyone, and more on to more interesting problems.
This patch introduces the systemd pstore service which will archive the
contents of the Linux persistent storage filesystem, pstore, to other storage,
thus preserving the existing information contained in the pstore, and clearing
pstore storage for future error events.
Linux provides a persistent storage file system, pstore[1], that can store
error records when the kernel dies (or reboots or powers-off). These records in
turn can be referenced to debug kernel problems (currently the kernel stuffs
the tail of the dmesg, which also contains a stack backtrace, into pstore).
The pstore file system supports a variety of backends that map onto persistent
storage, such as the ACPI ERST[2, Section 18.5 Error Serialization] and UEFI
variables[3 Appendix N Common Platform Error Record]. The pstore backends
typically offer a relatively small amount of persistent storage, e.g. 64KiB,
which can quickly fill up and thus prevent subsequent kernel crashes from
recording errors. Thus there is a need to monitor and extract the pstore
contents so that future kernel problems can also record information in the
pstore.
The pstore service is independent of the kdump service. In cloud environments
specifically, host and guest filesystems are on remote filesystems (eg. iSCSI
or NFS), thus kdump relies [implicitly and/or explicitly] upon proper operation
of networking software *and* hardware *and* infrastructure. Thus it may not be
possible to capture a kernel coredump to a file since writes over the network
may not be possible.
The pstore backend, on the other hand, is completely local and provides a path
to store error records which will survive a reboot and aid in post-mortem
debugging.
Usage Notes:
This tool moves files from /sys/fs/pstore into /var/lib/systemd/pstore.
To enable kernel recording of error records into pstore, one must either pass
crash_kexec_post_notifiers[4] to the kernel command line or enable via 'echo Y
> /sys/module/kernel/parameters/crash_kexec_post_notifiers'. This option
invokes the recording of errors into pstore *before* an attempt to kexec/kdump
on a kernel crash.
Optionally, to record reboots and shutdowns in the pstore, one can either pass
the printk.always_kmsg_dump[4] to the kernel command line or enable via 'echo Y >
/sys/module/printk/parameters/always_kmsg_dump'. This option enables code on the
shutdown path to record information via pstore.
This pstore service is a oneshot service. When run, the service invokes
systemd-pstore which is a tool that performs the following:
- reads the pstore.conf configuration file
- collects the lists of files in the pstore (eg. /sys/fs/pstore)
- for certain file types (eg. dmesg) a handler is invoked
- for all other files, the file is moved from pstore
- In the case of dmesg handler, final processing occurs as such:
- files processed in reverse lexigraphical order to faciliate
reconstruction of original dmesg
- the filename is examined to determine which dmesg it is a part
- the file is appended to the reconstructed dmesg
For example, the following pstore contents:
root@vm356:~# ls -al /sys/fs/pstore
total 0
drwxr-x--- 2 root root 0 May 9 09:50 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 0 May 9 09:50 ..
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1610 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337601001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1778 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337602001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1726 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337603001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1746 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337604001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1686 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337605001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1690 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337606001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1775 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337607001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1811 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337608001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1817 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337609001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1795 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337710001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1770 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337711001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1796 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337712001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1787 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337713001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1808 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337714001
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1754 May 9 09:49 dmesg-efi-155741337715001
results in the following:
root@vm356:~# ls -al /var/lib/systemd/pstore/155741337/
total 92
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 09:50 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 40 May 9 09:50 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1610 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337601001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1778 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337602001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1726 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337603001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1746 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337604001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1686 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337605001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1690 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337606001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1775 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337607001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1811 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337608001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1817 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337609001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1795 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337710001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1770 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337711001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1796 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337712001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1787 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337713001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1808 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337714001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1754 May 9 09:50 dmesg-efi-155741337715001
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26754 May 9 09:50 dmesg.txt
where dmesg.txt is reconstructed from the group of related
dmesg-efi-155741337* files.
Configuration file:
The pstore.conf configuration file has four settings, described below.
- Storage : one of "none", "external", or "journal". With "none", this
tool leaves the contents of pstore untouched. With "external", the
contents of the pstore are moved into the /var/lib/systemd/pstore,
as well as logged into the journal. With "journal", the contents of
the pstore are recorded only in the systemd journal. The default is
"external".
- Unlink : is a boolean. When "true", the default, then files in the
pstore are removed once processed. When "false", processing of the
pstore occurs normally, but the pstore files remain.
References:
[1] "Persistent storage for a kernel's dying breath",
March 23, 2011.
https://lwn.net/Articles/434821/
[2] "Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification",
version 6.2, May 2017.
https://www.uefi.org/sites/default/files/resources/ACPI_6_2.pdf
[3] "Unified Extensible Firmware Interface Specification",
version 2.8, March 2019.
https://uefi.org/sites/default/files/resources/UEFI_Spec_2_8_final.pdf
[4] "The kernel’s command-line parameters",
https://static.lwn.net/kerneldoc/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html
Some distros install nologin as /usr/sbin/nologin, others as
/sbin/nologin.
Since we can't really on merged-usr everywhere (where the path wouldn't
matter), make the path build time configurable via -Dnologin-path=.
Closes#13028
Change the resolved.conf Cache option to a tri-state "no, no-negative, yes" values.
If a lookup returns SERVFAIL systemd-resolved will cache the result for 30s (See 201d995),
however, there are several use cases on which this condition is not acceptable (See systemd#5552 comments)
and the only workaround would be to disable cache entirely or flush it , which isn't optimal.
This change adds the 'no-negative' option when set it avoids putting in cache
negative answers but still works the same heuristics for positive answers.
Signed-off-by: Jorge Niedbalski <jnr@metaklass.org>
The description of Alias= wasn't incorrect, but it sounded like Alias= creates
a different type of dependency, while it's just a glorified way to create
symlinks. Also recommend 'preset' in addition to 'enable'.
Describe .wants/.requires dirs as equals, without implying that the [Install]
section can only be used for .wants.
The text was partially out of date (systemd-networkd.service now creates as
alias in /etc, not /usr/lib, let's just not say anything about the full path).
Current operation of system-update-cleanup.service (removing /system-update
symlink and rebooting) implies that any update must complete *before*
system-update.target is reached.
Update recommendations to include explicitly setting
Before=system-update.target in services that use offline-updates mode.
Signed-off-by: Michael Zhivich <mzhivich@akamai.com>
