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This unifies the suggested nsswitch.conf configuration for our four NSS modules to this:
hosts: files mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] dns myhostname
Note that this restores "myhostname" to the suggested configuration of
nss-resolve for the time being, undoing 4484e1792b.
"myhostname" should probably be dropped eventually, but when we do this we
should do it in full, and not only drop it from the suggested nsswitch.conf
for one of the modules, but also drop it in source and stop referring to it
altogether.
Note that nss-resolve doesn't replace nss-myhostname in full: the former only
works if D-Bus/resolved is available for resolving the local hostname, the
latter works in all cases even if D-Bus or resolved are not in operation, hence
there's some value in keeping the line as it is right now. Note that neither
dns nor myhostname are considered at all with the above configuration unless
the resolve module actually returns UNAVAIL. Thus, even though handling of
local hostname resolving is implemented twice this way it is only executed once
for each lookup.
It may be desired by users to know what targets a particular service is
installed into. Improve user friendliness by teaching the is-enabled
command to show such information when used with --full.
This patch makes use of the newly added UnitFileFlags and adds
UNIT_FILE_DRY_RUN flag into it. Since the API had already been modified,
it's now easy to add the new dry-run feature for other commands as
well. As a next step, --dry-run could be added to systemctl, which in
turn might pave the way for a long requested dry-run feature when
running systemctl start.
This makes journald use the common option parsing functionality.
One behavioural change is implemented:
"systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog" is now equivalent to
"systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=1".
I think it's nicer to use this way.
This commit adds a `fd` option to `StandardInput=`,
`StandardOutput=` and `StandardError=` properties in order to
connect standard streams to externally named descriptors provided
by some socket units.
This option looks for a file descriptor named as the corresponding
stream. Custom names can be specified, separated by a colon.
If multiple name-matches exist, the first matching fd will be used.
Let's avoid the overly abbreviated "cgroups" terminology. Let's instead write:
"Linux Control Groups (cgroups)" is the long form wherever the term is
introduced in prose. Use "control groups" in the short form wherever the term
is used within brief explanations.
Follow-up to: #4381
In certain situations drop-ins in /usr/lib/ are useful, for example when one package
wants to modify the behaviour of another package, or the vendor wants to tweak some
upstream unit without patching.
Drop-ins in /run are useful for testing, and may also be created by systemd itself.
Follow-up for the discussion in #2103.
There are overlapping control group resource settings for the unified and
legacy hierarchies. To help transition, the settings are translated back and
forth. When both versions of a given setting are present, the one matching the
cgroup hierarchy type in use is used. Unfortunately, this is more confusing to
use and document than necessary because there is no clear static precedence.
Update the translation logic so that the settings for the unified hierarchy are
always preferred. systemd.resource-control man page is updated to reflect the
change and reorganized so that the deprecated settings are at the end in its
own section.
Lets go further and make /lib/modules/ inaccessible for services that do
not have business with modules, this is a minor improvment but it may
help on setups with custom modules and they are limited... in regard of
kernel auto-load feature.
This change introduce NameSpaceInfo struct which we may embed later
inside ExecContext but for now lets just reduce the argument number to
setup_namespace() and merge ProtectKernelModules feature.
This is useful to turn off explicit module load and unload operations on modular
kernels. This option removes CAP_SYS_MODULE from the capability bounding set for
the unit, and installs a system call filter to block module system calls.
This option will not prevent the kernel from loading modules using the module
auto-load feature which is a system wide operation.
This adds a new invocation ID concept to the service manager. The invocation ID
identifies each runtime cycle of a unit uniquely. A new randomized 128bit ID is
generated each time a unit moves from and inactive to an activating or active
state.
The primary usecase for this concept is to connect the runtime data PID 1
maintains about a service with the offline data the journal stores about it.
Previously we'd use the unit name plus start/stop times, which however is
highly racy since the journal will generally process log data after the service
already ended.
The "invocation ID" kinda matches the "boot ID" concept of the Linux kernel,
except that it applies to an individual unit instead of the whole system.
The invocation ID is passed to the activated processes as environment variable.
It is additionally stored as extended attribute on the cgroup of the unit. The
latter is used by journald to automatically retrieve it for each log logged
message and attach it to the log entry. The environment variable is very easily
accessible, even for unprivileged services. OTOH the extended attribute is only
accessible to privileged processes (this is because cgroupfs only supports the
"trusted." xattr namespace, not "user."). The environment variable may be
altered by services, the extended attribute may not be, hence is the better
choice for the journal.
Note that reading the invocation ID off the extended attribute from journald is
racy, similar to the way reading the unit name for a logging process is.
This patch adds APIs to read the invocation ID to sd-id128:
sd_id128_get_invocation() may be used in a similar fashion to
sd_id128_get_boot().
PID1's own logging is updated to always include the invocation ID when it logs
information about a unit.
A new bus call GetUnitByInvocationID() is added that allows retrieving a bus
path to a unit by its invocation ID. The bus path is built using the invocation
ID, thus providing a path for referring to a unit that is valid only for the
current runtime cycleof it.
Outlook for the future: should the kernel eventually allow passing of cgroup
information along AF_UNIX/SOCK_DGRAM messages via a unique cgroup id, then we
can alter the invocation ID to be generated as hash from that rather than
entirely randomly. This way we can derive the invocation race-freely from the
messages.
This patch adds support to remote checksum checksum offload to VXLAN.
This patch adds RemoteCheckSumTx and RemoteCheckSumRx vxlan configuration
to enable remote checksum offload for transmit and receive on the VXLAN tunnel.
