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This patch adds two new special character prefixes to ExecStart= and
friends, in addition to the existing "-", "@" and "+":
"!" → much like "+", except with a much reduced effect as it only
disables the actual setresuid()/setresgid()/setgroups() calls, but
leaves all other security features on, including namespace
options. This is very useful in combination with
RuntimeDirectory= or DynamicUser= and similar option, as a user
is still allocated and used for the runtime directory, but the
actual UID/GID dropping is left to the daemon process itself.
This should make RuntimeDirectory= a lot more useful for daemons
which insist on doing their own privilege dropping.
"!!" → Similar to "!", but on systems supporting ambient caps this
becomes a NOP. This makes it relatively straightforward to write
unit files that make use of ambient capabilities to let systemd
drop all privs while retaining compatibility with systems that
lack ambient caps, where priv dropping is the left to the daemon
codes themselves.
This is an alternative approach to #6564 and related PRs.
This new group lists all UID/GID credential changing syscalls (which are
quite a number these days). This will become particularly useful in a
later commit, which uses this group to optionally permit user credential
changing to daemons in case ambient capabilities are not available.
These booleans simply store whether selinux/apparmor/smack are supposed
ot be used, and chache the various mac_xyz_use() calls before we
transition into the namespace, hence let's use the same verb for the
variables and the functions: "use"
Let's merge three if blocks that shall only run when sandboxing is applied
into one.
Note that this changes behaviour in one corner case: PrivateUsers=1 is
now honours both PermissionsStartOnly= and the "+" modifier in
ExecStart=, and not just the former, as before. This was an oversight,
so let's fix this now, at a point in time the option isn't used much
yet.
"Permissions" was a bit of a misnomer, as it suggests that UNIX file
permission bits are adjusted, which aren't really changed here. Instead,
this is about UNIX credentials such as users or groups, as well as
namespacing, hence let's use a more generic term here, without any
misleading reference to UNIX file permissions: "sandboxing", which shall
refer to all kinds of sandboxing technologies, including UID/GID
dropping, selinux relabelling, namespacing, seccomp, and so on.
The new unit_set_exec_params() call is to units what
manager_set_exec_params() is to the manager object: it initializes the
various fields from the relevant generic properties set.
Let's decouple the Manager object from the execution logic a bit more
here too, and simply pass along the fact whether we should
unconditionally chown the runtime/... directories via the ExecFlags
field too.
Let's try to decouple the execution engine a bit from the Unit/Manager
concept, and hence pass one more flag as part of the ExecParameters flags
field.
This catches errors like "ninja not found", missing programs etc. early,
instead of silently ignoring them and trying to boot a broken VM.
In install_config_files(), allow some distro specific files to be absent
(such as /etc/sysconfig/init).
This adds a per-service restart counter. Each time an automatic
restart is scheduled (due to Restart=) it is increased by one. Its
current value is exposed over the bus as NRestarts=. It is also logged
(in a structured, recognizable way) on each restart.
Note that this really only counts automatic starts triggered by Restart=
(which it nicely complements). Manual restarts will reset the counter,
as will explicit calls to "systemctl reset-failed". It's supposed to be
a tool for measure the automatic restart feature, and nothing else.
Fixes: #4126
> Note that console-getty.service as more uses than just containers. The
> idea is that it may be used as alternative to the whole VC/logind stuff,
> if all you need is a console on /dev/console, even on physical devices.
This means we want to remove RestartSec=0, for serial systems.
See 4bf0432 "units/serial-getty@.service: use the default RestartSec".
The traditional runlevel 1 is "single user mode", and shuts down all but
the main console. In systemd, rescue.target provides runlevel1.target.
But it did not shut down logins on secondary consoles... if systemd was
running in a container.
I don't think we strictly need to change this. But when you look at both
container-getty@.service and getty@.service, you see that both have
IgnoreOnIsolate, but only the latter has Conflicts=rescue.service.
This also makes rescue.target in a container consistent with
emergency.target. In the latter case, the gettys were already stopped,
because they have a Requires dependency on sysinit.target.
Currently we have 4 getty services. 1 has a BindsTo dependency on a
device unit. 3 have ConditionPathExists, but the reason is different in
every single one.
* Add comment to console-getty@.service (see commit 1b41981d)
* getty@.service is already commented
* container-getty.service is not strictly correct, as I realized while
trying to compose a comment. Reported as #6584.
Apparently, PAM documents that the PAM_TTY should come with a /dev
prefix, but we don't expect it so far, except that Wayland ends up
setting it after all, the way the docs suggest. Hence, let's simply drop
the /dev prefix if it is there.
Fixes: #6516
This new helper removes a leading /dev if there is one. We have code
doing this all over the place, let's unify this, and correct it while
we are at it, by using path_startswith() rather than startswith() to
drop the prefix.
Currently if tmpfiles is run with force on symlink creation but there already
exists a directory at that location, the creation will fail. This change
updates the behavior to remove the directory with rm_fr and then attempts to
create the symlink again.
* Containers don't use serial-getty@console.service,
they use console-getty.service instead, and suppress
scanning for kernel or virtualizer consoles.
* Nowadays gettys are started on *all* configured kernel consoles.
* except for the line printer console, because that's not a tty.
(Seriously. Search CONFIG_LP_CONSOLE).
Without this "meson test" will end up running all tests in the same
cgroup root, and they all will try to manage it. Which usually isn't too
bad, except when they end up clearing up each other's cgroups. This race
is hard to trigger but has caused various CI runs to fail spuriously.
With this change we simply move every test that runs a manager object
into their own private cgroup. Note that we don't clean up the cgroup at
the end, we leave that to the cgroup manager around it.
This fixes races that become visible by test runs throwing out errors
like this:
```
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Passing 0 fds to service
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: About to execute: /bin/echo 'This should not be seen'
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Forked /bin/echo as 5693
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Changed dead -> start
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Failed to attach to cgroup /exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: No such file or directory
Received SIGCHLD from PID 5693 ((echo)).
Child 5693 ((echo)) died (code=exited, status=219/CGROUP)
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Child 5693 belongs to exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=219/CGROUP
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Changed start -> failed
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Unit entered failed state.
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
exec-systemcallfilter-failing.service: cgroup is empty
Assertion 'service->main_exec_status.status == status_expected' failed at ../src/src/test/test-execute.c:71, function check(). Aborting.
```
BTW, I tracked this race down by using perf:
```
# perf record -e cgroup:cgroup_mkdir,cgroup_rmdir
…
# perf script
```
Thanks a lot @iaguis, @alban for helping me how to use perf for this.
Fixes#5895.
some run_target() calls were using params from custom_target()
example message:
WARNING: Passed invalid keyword argument "input". This will become a hard error in the future.
New way to call targets:
ninja man/man
ninja man/html
ninja man/update-man-rules
An infiniband hardware address is 20 bytes, but sockaddr_ll.sll_addr is only 8
bytes. Explicitly ensure that sockaddr_union has enough space for infiniband
addresses, even if they run over sockaddr_ll and add a macro to compute the
proper size to pass to kernel.
Observed when running from the console of a systemd nspawn container
(see failure below).
The value of r was tested, when r was last set by
sd_session_can_graphical(). This did not correspond to the value expected.
Fix the code, so we compare relevant values now. Hopefully :).
Test failure
------------
/* Information printed is from the live system */
sd_pid_get_unit(0, …) → "session-13.scope"
sd_pid_get_user_unit(0, …) → "n/a"
sd_pid_get_slice(0, …) → "user-1000.slice"
sd_pid_get_session(0, …) → "13"
sd_pid_get_owner_uid(0, …) → 1000
sd_pid_get_cgroup(0, …) → "/user.slice/user-1000.slice/session-13.scope"
sd_uid_get_display(1000, …) → "13"
sd_uid_get_sessions(1000, …) → [2] "15 13"
sd_uid_get_seats(1000, …) → [1] "seat0"
sd_session_is_active("13") → yes
sd_session_is_remote("13") → no
sd_session_get_state("13") → "active"
sd_session_get_uid("13") → 1000
sd_session_get_type("13") → "tty"
sd_session_get_class("13") → "user"
sd_session_get_display("13") → "n/a"
sd_session_get_remote_user("13") → "n/a"
sd_session_get_remote_host("13") → "n/a"
sd_session_get_seat("13") → "seat0"
sd_session_can_multi_seat("seat0") → no
sd_session_can_tty("seat0") → no
sd_session_can_graphical("seat0") → no
sd_uid_get_state(1000, …) → active
Assertion '!!k == !!r' failed at ../src/libsystemd/sd-login/test-login.c:191, function test_login(). Aborting.
Fixes:
```
$ env -i valgrind --leak-check=full ./build/test-bus-chat
...
==7763== 1,888 (1,824 direct, 64 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are
definitely lost in loss record 2 of 2
==7763== at 0x4C2FA50: calloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:711)
==7763== by 0x4F8FF9A: sd_bus_new (sd-bus.c:175)
==7763== by 0x4F938BF: sd_bus_open_user (sd-bus.c:1138)
==7763== by 0x109ACD: server_init (test-bus-chat.c:70)
==7763== by 0x10BCF8: main (test-bus-chat.c:526)
==7763==
```
Closes#6481
The directories are only used by the specific services, and
created before the services are started. So, it is not necessary
to create them by systemd-tmpfiles.
