mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
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5430f7f2bc
We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+. Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within systemd. The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT. The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.
1193 lines
62 KiB
XML
1193 lines
62 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemctl">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemctl</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemctl</refname>
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<refpurpose>Control the systemd system and service manager</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemctl <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="req">COMMAND</arg> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
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introspect and control the state of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system and service manager.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<term><option>-h</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short help
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text and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--version</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short version
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string and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--type=</option></term>
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<term><option>-t</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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limit display to certain unit
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types. If not specified units of all
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types will be shown. The argument
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should be a unit type name such as
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<option>service</option>,
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<option>socket</option> and
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similar.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When showing
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unit/job/manager properties, limit
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display to certain properties as
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specified as argument. If not
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specified all set properties are
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shown. The argument should be a
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property name, such as
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<literal>MainPID</literal>. If
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specified more than once all
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properties with the specified names
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are shown.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--all</option></term>
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<term><option>-a</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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show all units, regardless of their
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state, including inactive units. When
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showing unit/job/manager properties,
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show all properties regardless whether
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they are set or not.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--failed</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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show only failed units. Do not confuse
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with
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<option>--fail</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not ellipsize unit
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names and truncate unit descriptions
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in the output of
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<command>list-units</command> and
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<command>list-jobs</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fail</option></term>
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<listitem><para>If the requested
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operation conflicts with a pending
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unfinished job, fail the command. If
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this is not specified the requested
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operation will replace the pending job,
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if necessary. Do not confuse
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with
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<option>--failed</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--ignore-dependencies</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When enqueuing a new
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job ignore all its dependencies and
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execute it immediately. If passed no
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required units of the unit passed will
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be pulled in, and no ordering
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dependencies will be honoured. This is
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mostly a debugging and rescue tool for
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the administrator and should not be
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used by
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applications.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
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<term><option>-q</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Suppress output to
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STDOUT in
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<command>snapshot</command>,
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<command>is-active</command>,
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not synchronously wait for
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the requested operation to finish. If this is
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not specified the job will be verified,
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enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
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wait until it is completed. By passing this
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argument it is only verified and
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enqueued.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-legend</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not print a legend, i.e.
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the column headers and the footer with hints.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-pager</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not pipe output into a
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pager.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--system</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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system manager. (Default)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--user</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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manager of the calling user.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--order</option></term>
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<term><option>--require</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used in
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conjunction with the
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<command>dot</command> command (see
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below), selects which dependencies are
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shown in the dependency graph. If
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<option>--order</option> is passed
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only dependencies of type
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<varname>After=</varname> or
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<varname>Before=</varname> are
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shown. If <option>--require</option>
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is passed only dependencies of type
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<varname>Requires=</varname>,
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<varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Requisite=</varname>,
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<varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Wants=</varname> and
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<varname>Conflicts=</varname> are
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shown. If neither is passed, shows
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dependencies of all these
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types.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-wall</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Don't send wall
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message before
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halt, power-off, reboot.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--global</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, operate on the
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global user configuration
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directory, thus enabling or disabling
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a unit file globally for all future
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logins of all users.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, do not
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implicitly reload daemon configuration
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after executing the
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changes.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>start</command> and related
|
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commands, disables asking for
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passwords. Background services may
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require input of a password or
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passphrase string, for example to
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unlock system hard disks or
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cryptographic certificates. Unless
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this option is specified and the
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command is invoked from a terminal
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<command>systemctl</command> will
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query the user on the terminal for the
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necessary secrets. Use this option to
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switch this behavior off. In this case
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the password must be supplied by some
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other means (for example graphical
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password agents) or the service might
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fail. This also disables querying the
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user for authentication for privileged
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operations.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>kill</command>, choose which
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processes to kill. Must be one of
|
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<option>main</option>,
|
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<option>control</option> or
|
|
<option>all</option> to select whether
|
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to kill only the main process of the
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unit, the control process or all
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processes of the unit. If omitted
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defaults to
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<option>all</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--signal=</option></term>
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|
<term><option>-s</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>kill</command>, choose which
|
|
signal to send to selected
|
|
processes. Must be one of the well
|
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known signal specifiers such as
|
|
SIGTERM, SIGINT or SIGSTOP. If
|
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omitted defaults to
|
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<option>SIGTERM</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--force</option></term>
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|
<term><option>-f</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
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<command>enable</command>, override any
|
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existing conflicting
|
|
symlinks.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>halt</command>,
|
|
<command>poweroff</command>,
|
|
<command>reboot</command> or
|
|
<command>kexec</command> execute the
|
|
selected operation without shutting
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down all units. However, all processes
|
|
will be killed forcibly and all file
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|
systems are unmounted or remounted
|
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read-only. This is hence a drastic but
|
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relatively safe option to request an
|
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immediate reboot. If
|
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<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice for these operations, they will
|
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be executed immediately without
|
|
terminating any processes or umounting
|
|
any file systems. Warning: specifying
|
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<option>--force</option> twice with
|
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any of these operations might result
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in data loss.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--root=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and
|
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related commands), use alternative
|
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root path when looking for unit
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files.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--runtime</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
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<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and related commands), make
|
|
changes only temporarily, so that they
|
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are dropped on the next reboot. This
|
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will have the effect that changes are
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not made in subdirectories of
|
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<filename>/etc</filename> but in
|
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<filename>/run</filename>, with
|
|
identical immediate effects, however,
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since the latter is lost on reboot,
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the changes are lost
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too.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-H</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--host</option></term>
|
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<listitem><para>Execute operation
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remotely. Specify a hostname, or
|
|
username and hostname separated by @,
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to connect to. This will use SSH to
|
|
talk to the remote systemd
|
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instance.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-P</option></term>
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<term><option>--privileged</option></term>
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|
<listitem><para>Acquire privileges via
|
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PolicyKit before executing the
|
|
operation.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--lines=</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>-n</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>status</command> controls the
|
|
number of journal lines to show,
|
|
counting from the most recent
|
|
ones. Takes a positive integer
|
|
argument. Defaults to
|
|
10.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--follow</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>-f</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>status</command> continously
|
|
prints new journal entries as they are
|
|
appended to the
|
|
journal.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--output=</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>-o</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>status</command> controls the
|
|
formatting of the journal entries that
|
|
are shown. For the available choices
|
|
see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Defaults
|
|
to
|
|
<literal>short</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-units</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List known units.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>start [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Start (activate) one
|
|
or more units specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>stop [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Stop (deactivate) one
|
|
or more units specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Asks all units listed
|
|
on the command line to reload their
|
|
configuration. Note that this will
|
|
reload the service-specific
|
|
configuration, not the unit
|
|
configuration file of systemd. If you
|
|
want systemd to reload the
|
|
configuration file of a unit use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
command. In other words: for the
|
|
example case of Apache, this will
|
|
reload Apache's
|
|
<filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the
|
|
web server, not the
|
|
<filename>apache.service</filename>
|
|
systemd unit file. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command should not be
|
|
confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or
|
|
<command>load</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Restart one or more
|
|
units specified on the command
|
|
line. If the units are not running yet
|
|
they will be
|
|
started.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Restart one or more
|
|
units specified on the command
|
|
line if the units are running. Do
|
|
nothing if units are not running.
|
|
Note that for compatibility
|
|
with Red Hat init scripts
|
|
<command>condrestart</command> is
|
|
equivalent to this command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload one or more
|
|
units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. If the units
|
|
are not running yet they will be
|
|
started.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload one or more
|
|
units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. Do nothing if
|
|
the units are not running. Note that
|
|
for compatibility with SysV init
|
|
scripts
|
|
<command>force-reload</command> is
|
|
equivalent to this
|
|
command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>isolate [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Start the unit
|
|
specified on the command line and its
|
|
dependencies and stop all others.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is similar to changing the
|
|
runlevel in a traditional init system. The
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command will
|
|
immediately stop processes that are not
|
|
enabled in the new unit, possibly including
|
|
the graphical environment or terminal you
|
|
are currently using.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this works only on units
|
|
where <option>AllowIsolate=</option> is
|
|
enabled. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kill [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Send a signal to one
|
|
or more processes of the unit. Use
|
|
<option>--kill-who=</option> to select
|
|
which process to kill. Use
|
|
<option>--kill-mode=</option> to
|
|
select the kill mode and
|
|
<option>--signal=</option> to select
|
|
the signal to send.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-active [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Check whether any of
|
|
the specified units are active
|
|
(i.e. running). Returns an exit code
|
|
0 if at least one is active, non-zero
|
|
otherwise. Unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is specified
|
|
this will also print the current unit
|
|
state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>status [NAME...|PID...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show terse runtime
|
|
status information about one or more
|
|
units, followed by its most recent log
|
|
data from the journal. This function
|
|
is intended to generate human-readable
|
|
output. If you are looking for
|
|
computer-parsable output, use
|
|
<command>show</command> instead. If a
|
|
PID is passed information about the
|
|
unit the process of the PID belongs to
|
|
is shown.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show [NAME...|JOB...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show properties of one
|
|
or more units, jobs or the manager
|
|
itself. If no argument is specified
|
|
properties of the manager will be
|
|
shown. If a unit name is specified
|
|
properties of the unit is shown, and
|
|
if a job id is specified properties of
|
|
the job is shown. By default, empty
|
|
properties are suppressed. Use
|
|
<option>--all</option> to show those
|
|
too. To select specific properties to
|
|
show use
|
|
<option>--property=</option>. This
|
|
command is intended to be used
|
|
whenever computer-parsable output is
|
|
required. Use
|
|
<command>status</command> if you are
|
|
looking for formatted human-readable
|
|
output.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reset-failed [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reset the
|
|
'<literal>failed</literal>' state of the
|
|
specified units, or if no unit name is
|
|
passed of all units. When a unit fails
|
|
in some way (i.e. process exiting with
|
|
non-zero error code, terminating
|
|
abnormally or timing out) it will
|
|
automatically enter the
|
|
'<literal>failed</literal>' state and
|
|
its exit code and status is recorded
|
|
for introspection by the administrator
|
|
until the service is restarted or
|
|
reset with this
|
|
command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-unit-files</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List installed unit files.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>enable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enable one or more
|
|
unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will create a
|
|
number of symlinks as encoded in the
|
|
<literal>[Install]</literal> sections
|
|
of the unit files. After the symlinks
|
|
have been created the systemd
|
|
configuration is reloaded (in a way
|
|
that is equivalent to
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>) to
|
|
ensure the changes are taken into
|
|
account immediately. Note that this
|
|
does not have the effect that any of
|
|
the units enabled are also started at
|
|
the same time. If this is desired a
|
|
separate <command>start</command>
|
|
command must be invoked for the
|
|
unit.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will
|
|
print the actions executed. This
|
|
output may be suppressed by passing
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this operation creates
|
|
only the suggested symlinks for the
|
|
units. While this command is the
|
|
recommended way to manipulate the unit
|
|
configuration directory, the
|
|
administrator is free to make
|
|
additional changes manually, by
|
|
placing or removing symlinks in the
|
|
directory. This is particularly useful
|
|
to create configurations that deviate
|
|
from the suggested default
|
|
installation. In this case the
|
|
administrator must make sure to invoke
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
manually as necessary, to ensure his
|
|
changes are taken into account.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Enabling units should not be
|
|
confused with starting (activating)
|
|
units, as done by the
|
|
<command>start</command>
|
|
command. Enabling and starting units
|
|
is orthogonal: units may be enabled
|
|
without being started and started
|
|
without being enabled. Enabling simply
|
|
hooks the unit into various suggested
|
|
places (for example, so that the unit
|
|
is automatically started on boot or
|
|
when a particular kind of hardware is
|
|
plugged in). Starting actually spawns
|
|
the daemon process (in case of service
|
|
units), or binds the socket (in case
|
|
of socket units), and so
|
|
on.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Depending on whether
|
|
<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option> or
|
|
<option>--global</option> is specified
|
|
this enables the unit for the system,
|
|
for the calling user only
|
|
or for all future logins of all
|
|
users. Note that in the latter case no
|
|
systemd daemon configuration is
|
|
reloaded.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>disable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Disables one or more
|
|
units. This removes all symlinks to
|
|
the specified unit files from the unit
|
|
configuration directory, and hence
|
|
undoes the changes made by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. Note
|
|
however that this removes
|
|
all symlinks to the unit files
|
|
(i.e. including manual additions), not
|
|
just those actually created by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. This call
|
|
implicitly reloads the systemd daemon
|
|
configuration after completing the
|
|
disabling of the units. Note that this
|
|
command does not implicitly stop the
|
|
units that is being disabled. If this
|
|
is desired an additional
|
|
<command>stop</command>command should
|
|
be executed afterwards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will print the
|
|
actions executed. This output may be
|
|
suppressed by passing
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command honors
|
|
<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option>,
|
|
<option>--global</option> in a similar
|
|
way as
|
|
<command>enable</command>.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-enabled [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Checks whether any of
|
|
the specified unit files is enabled
|
|
(as with
|
|
<command>enable</command>). Returns an
|
|
exit code of 0 if at least one is
|
|
enabled, non-zero otherwise. Prints
|
|
the current enable status. To suppress
|
|
this output use
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reenable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reenable one or more
|
|
unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This is a combination of
|
|
<command>disable</command> and
|
|
<command>enable</command> and is
|
|
useful to reset the symlinks a unit is
|
|
enabled with to the defaults
|
|
configured in the
|
|
<literal>[Install]</literal> section
|
|
of the unit file.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>preset [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reset one or more unit
|
|
files, as specified on the command
|
|
line, to the defaults configured in a
|
|
preset file. This has the same effect
|
|
as <command>disable</command> or
|
|
<command>enable</command>, depending
|
|
how the unit is listed in the preset
|
|
files.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>mask [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Mask one or more unit
|
|
files, as specified on the command
|
|
line. This will link these units to
|
|
<filename>/dev/null</filename>, making
|
|
it impossible to start them. This is a stronger version
|
|
of <command>disable</command>, since
|
|
it prohibits all kinds of activation
|
|
of the unit, including manual
|
|
activation. Use this option with
|
|
care.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unmask [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Unmask one or more
|
|
unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will undo the
|
|
effect of
|
|
<command>mask</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>link [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Link a unit file that
|
|
is not in the unit file search paths
|
|
into the unit file search path. This
|
|
requires an absolute path to a unit
|
|
file. The effect of this can be undone
|
|
with <command>disable</command>. The
|
|
effect of this command is that a unit
|
|
file is available for
|
|
<command>start</command> and other
|
|
commands although it isn't installed
|
|
directly in the unit search
|
|
path.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>load [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Load one or more units
|
|
specified on the command line. This
|
|
will simply load their configuration
|
|
from disk, but not start them. To
|
|
start them you need to use the
|
|
<command>start</command> command which
|
|
will implicitly load a unit that has
|
|
not been loaded yet. Note that systemd
|
|
garbage collects loaded units that are
|
|
not active or referenced by an active
|
|
unit. This means that units loaded
|
|
this way will usually not stay loaded
|
|
for long. Also note that this command
|
|
cannot be used to reload unit
|
|
configuration. Use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
command for that. All in all, this
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging.</para>
|
|
<para>This command should not be
|
|
confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-jobs</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List jobs that are in progress.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>cancel [JOB...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Cancel one or more
|
|
jobs specified on the command line by
|
|
their numeric job
|
|
IDs. If no job id is specified, cancel all pending jobs.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dump</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump server
|
|
status. This will output a (usually
|
|
very long) human readable manager
|
|
status dump. Its format is subject to
|
|
change without notice and should not
|
|
be parsed by
|
|
applications.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Generate textual
|
|
dependency graph description in dot
|
|
format for further processing with the
|
|
GraphViz
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
tool. Use a command line like
|
|
<command>systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg >
|
|
systemd.svg</command> to generate a
|
|
graphical dependency tree. Unless
|
|
<option>--order</option> or
|
|
<option>--require</option> is passed
|
|
the generated graph will show both
|
|
ordering and requirement
|
|
dependencies.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>snapshot [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Create a snapshot. If
|
|
a snapshot name is specified, the new
|
|
snapshot will be named after it. If
|
|
none is specified an automatic
|
|
snapshot name is generated. In either
|
|
case, the snapshot name used is
|
|
printed to STDOUT, unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is
|
|
specified.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A snapshot refers to a saved
|
|
state of the systemd manager. It is
|
|
implemented itself as a unit that is
|
|
generated dynamically with this
|
|
command and has dependencies on all
|
|
units active at the time. At a later
|
|
time the user may return to this state
|
|
by using the
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command on
|
|
the snapshot unit.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>Snapshots are only useful for
|
|
saving and restoring which units are
|
|
running or are stopped, they do not
|
|
save/restore any other
|
|
state. Snapshots are dynamic and lost
|
|
on reboot.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>delete [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Remove a snapshot
|
|
previously created with
|
|
<command>snapshot</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reload</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload systemd manager
|
|
configuration. This will reload all
|
|
unit files and recreate the entire
|
|
dependency tree. While the daemon is
|
|
reloaded, all sockets systemd listens
|
|
on on behalf of user configuration will
|
|
stay accessible.</para> <para>This
|
|
command should not be confused with
|
|
the <command>load</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reexecute the systemd
|
|
manager. This will serialize the
|
|
manager state, reexecute the process
|
|
and deserialize the state again. This
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging and package
|
|
upgrades. Sometimes it might be
|
|
helpful as a heavy-weight
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>. While
|
|
the daemon is reexecuted all sockets
|
|
systemd listens on on behalf of user
|
|
configuration will stay
|
|
accessible.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show-environment</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump the systemd
|
|
manager environment block. The
|
|
environment block will be dumped in
|
|
straight-forward form suitable for
|
|
sourcing into a shell script. This
|
|
environment block will be passed to
|
|
all processes the manager
|
|
spawns.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-environment [NAME=VALUE...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment variables,
|
|
as specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unset-environment [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Unset one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment
|
|
variables. If only a variable name is
|
|
specified it will be removed
|
|
regardless of its value. If a variable
|
|
and a value are specified the variable
|
|
is only removed if it has the
|
|
specified value.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>default</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter default
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start
|
|
default.target</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>rescue</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter rescue
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
rescue.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>emergency</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter emergency
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
emergency.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>halt</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and halt the
|
|
system. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start halt.target</command>
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all
|
|
users. If combined with
|
|
<option>--force</option> shutdown of
|
|
all running services is skipped,
|
|
however all processes are killed and
|
|
all file systems are unmounted or
|
|
mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the system halt. If
|
|
<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice the the operation is immediately
|
|
executed without terminating any
|
|
processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data
|
|
loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and
|
|
power-off the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
poweroff.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are
|
|
killed and all file systems are
|
|
unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
|
immediately followed by the powering
|
|
off. If <option>--force</option> is
|
|
specified twice the the operation is
|
|
immediately executed without
|
|
terminating any processes or
|
|
unmounting any file systems. This may
|
|
result in data loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
|
|
the system. This is mostly equivalent
|
|
to <command>start
|
|
reboot.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are
|
|
killed and all file systems are
|
|
unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
|
immediately followed by the reboot. If
|
|
<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice the the operation is immediately
|
|
executed without terminating any
|
|
processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data
|
|
loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
|
|
the system via kexec. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
kexec.target</command> but also prints
|
|
a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are killed
|
|
and all file systems are unmounted or
|
|
mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the
|
|
reboot.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>exit</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Ask the systemd
|
|
manager to quit. This is only
|
|
supported for user service managers
|
|
(i.e. in conjunction with the
|
|
<option>--user</option> option) and
|
|
will fail otherwise.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Exit status</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>On success 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
|
code otherwise.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Environment</title>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>$SYSTEMD_PAGER</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Pager to use when
|
|
<option>--no-pager</option> is not given;
|
|
overrides <varname>$PAGER</varname>. Setting
|
|
this to an empty string or the value
|
|
<literal>cat</literal> is equivalent to passing
|
|
<option>--no-pager</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|