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This is necessary for non-ipv4ll hosts to communicate with ipv4ll-only hosts on the same link. Defaults to being enabled, but can be opted out. See: <http://avahi.org/wiki/AvahiAutoipd#Routes>
572 lines
32 KiB
XML
572 lines
32 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2013 Tom Gundersen
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.network" conditional='ENABLE_NETWORKD'>
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.network</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Gundersen</surname>
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<email>teg@jklm.no</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.network</refname>
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<refpurpose>Network configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename><replaceable>network</replaceable>.network</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>Network setup is performed by
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para>
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<para>Network files must have the extension <filename>.network</filename>;
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other extensions are ignored. Networks are applied to links whenever the links
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appear.</para>
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<para>The <filename>.network</filename> files are read from the files located in the
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system network directory <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>,
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the volatile runtime network directory
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<filename>/run/systemd/network</filename> and the local administration
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network directory <filename>/etc/systemd/network</filename>.
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All configuration files are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order,
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regardless of the directories in which they live. However, files with
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identical filenames replace each other. Files in
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<filename>/etc</filename> have the highest priority, files in
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<filename>/run</filename> take precedence over files with the same
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name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be used to override a
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system-supplied configuration file with a local file if needed; a symlink in
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<filename>/etc</filename> with the same name as a configuration file in
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<filename>/usr/lib</filename>, pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename>,
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disables the configuration file entirely.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Match] Section Options</title>
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<para>The network file contains a <literal>[Match]</literal> section,
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which determines if a given network file may be applied to a given device;
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and a <literal>[Network]</literal> section specifying how the device should
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be configured. The first (in lexical order) of the network files that
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matches a given device is applied.</para>
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<para>A network file is said to match a device if each of the entries in the
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<literal>[Match]</literal> section matches, or if the section is empty.
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The following keys are accepted:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The hardware address.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Path=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The persistent path, as exposed by the udev
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property <literal>ID_PATH</literal>. May contain shell
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style globs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Driver=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The driver currently bound to the device, as
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exposed by the udev property <literal>DRIVER</literal>
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of its parent device, or if that is not set the driver
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as exposed by <literal>ethtool -i</literal> of the
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device itself.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Type=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The device type, as exposed by the udev property
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<literal>DEVTYPE</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Name=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The device name, as exposed by the udev property
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<literal>INTERFACE</literal>. May contain shell style
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globs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Host=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Matches against the hostname or machine ID of the
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host. See <literal>ConditionHost=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Virtualization=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is executed in a virtualized
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environment and optionally test whether it is a specific
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implementation. See <literal>ConditionVirtualization=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>KernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether a specific kernel command line option is
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set (or if prefixed with the exclamation mark unset). See
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<literal>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Architecture=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is running on a specific
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architecture. See <literal>ConditionArchitecture=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Network] Section Options</title>
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<para>The <literal>[Network]</literal> section accepts the following keys:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A description of the device. This is only used for
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presentation purposes.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>DHCP=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enables DHCPv4 and/or DHCPv6 support. Accepts
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<literal>both</literal>, <literal>none</literal>,
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<literal>v4</literal> or <literal>v6</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>DHCPServer=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A boolean. Enables a basic DHCPv4 server on the
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device. Mostly useful for handing out leases to container
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instances.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>IPv4LL=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A boolean. When true, enables IPv4 link-local support.
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If <literal>DHCP=</literal> is also true, acquiring DHCP address
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will deprecate previously acquired IPv4 link-local address or
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stop acquiring process if one has not been acquired before.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>IPv4LLRoute=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A boolean. When true, sets up the route needed for
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non-IPv4LL hosts to communicate with IPv4LL-only hosts. Defaults
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to true.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Address=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A static IPv4 or IPv6 address and its prefix length,
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separated by a <literal>/</literal> character. Specify this
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key more than once to configure several addresses.
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The format of the address must be as described in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inet_pton</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This is a short-hand for an [Address] section only containing
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an Address key (see below). This option may be specified
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more than once.
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</para>
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<para>If the specified
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address is 0.0.0.0
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(for IPv4) or [::]
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(for IPv6), a new
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address range of the
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requested size is
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automatically
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allocated from a
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system-wide pool of
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unused ranges. The
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allocated range is
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checked against all
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current network
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interfaces and all
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known network
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configuration files to
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avoid address range
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conflicts. The default
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system-wide pool
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consists of
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192.168.0.0/16,
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172.16.0.0/12 and
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10.0.0.0/8 for IPv4,
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and fc00::/7 for
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IPv6. This
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functionality is
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useful to manage a
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large number of
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dynamically created
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network interfaces
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with the same network
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configuration and
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automatic address
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range
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assignment.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Gateway=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The gateway address, which must be in the format described in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inet_pton</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This is a short-hand for a [Route] section only containing a Gateway
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key. This option may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>DNS=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A DNS server address, which must be in the format described in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inet_pton</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This option may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<!-- TODO: document NTP= option when it is actually used somewhere -->
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Bridge=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of the bridge to add the link to.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Bond=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of the bond to add the link to.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>VLAN=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of a VLAN to create on the link. This option
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may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACVLAN=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of a MACVLAN to create on the link. This option
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may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>VXLAN=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of a VXLAN to create on the link. This option
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may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Tunnel=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of a Tunnel to create on the link. This option
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may be specified more than once.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Address] Section Options</title>
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<para>An <literal>[Address]</literal> section accepts the following keys.
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Specify several <literal>[Address]</literal> sections to configure several
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addresses.</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Address=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>As in the <literal>[Network]</literal> section. This key is mandatory.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Peer=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The peer address in a point-to-point connection. Accepts the same format as
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the <literal>Address</literal> key.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Broadcast=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The broadcast address, which must be in the format described in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inet_pton</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This key only applies to IPv4 addresses. If it is not given, it is
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derived from the <literal>Address</literal> key.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Label=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An address label.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Route] Section Options</title>
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<para>The <literal>[Route]</literal> section accepts the following keys. Specify
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several <literal>[Route]</literal> sections to configure several routes.</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Gateway=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>As in the <literal>[Network]</literal> section. This key is mandatory.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Destination=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The destination prefix of the route. Possibly followed by a slash and the
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prefixlength. If ommitted, a full-length host route is assumed.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Metric=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The metric of the route. An unsigned integer</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[DHCP] Section Options</title>
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<para>The <literal>[DHCP]</literal> section accepts the following keys:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>UseDNS=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true (the default), the DNS servers received from the DHCP server will
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be used and take precedence over any statically configured ones.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>UseMTU=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true, the interface maximum transmission unit from the DHCP server will
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be used on the current link. Defaults to false.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SendHostname=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true (the default), the machine's hostname will be sent to the DHCP
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server</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>UseHostname=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true (the default), the hostname received from the DHCP server
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will be used as the transient hostname.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>UseRoutes=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true (the default), the static routes will be requested from the DHCP server
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and added to the routing table with metric of 1024.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CriticalConnection=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When true, the connection will never be torn down even if the DHCP lease
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expires. This is contrary to the DHCP specification, but may be the best choice
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if, say, the root filesystem relies on this connection. Defaults to false.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>VendorClassIdentifier=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The vendor class identifier used to identify vendor type and configuration.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RequestBroadcast=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Request the server to use broadcast messages before the IP address has been
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configured. This is necessary for devices that cannot receive RAW packets, or that
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cannot receive packets at all before an IP address has been configured. On the other
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hand, this must not be enabled on networks where broadcasts are filtered out.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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|
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</refsect1>
|
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|
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<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Example</title>
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/50-static.network</title>
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|
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<programlisting>[Match]
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Name=enp2s0
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[Network]
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Address=192.168.0.15/24
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Gateway=192.168.0.1</programlisting>
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</example>
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|
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<example>
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|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/80-dhcp.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=en*
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
DHCP=yes</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/bridge-static.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=bridge0
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Address=192.168.0.15/24
|
|
Gateway=192.168.0.1
|
|
DNS=192.168.0.1</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/bridge-slave-interface.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=enp2s0
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Bridge=bridge0</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/ipip.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=em1
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Tunnel=ipip-tun</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/sit.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=em1
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Tunnel=sit-tun</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/gre.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=em1
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Tunnel=gre-tun</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/vti.network</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Name=em1
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Tunnel=vti-tun</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|